JP2014033530A - Motor - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a high efficiency high output motor including permanent magnets.SOLUTION: A motor 10 includes a rotor 30, and a plurality of teeth 22, 22, ... for forming a revolving magnetic field, the rotor 30 includes a rotor core 31, a plurality of permanent magnets 32, 32, ... being fitted on the outer periphery of the rotor core 31 to form a plurality of magnetic poles, and a plurality of flux coupling members 33, 33, ... which can form a magnetic path between the rotor 30 and the teeth 22. The flux coupling member 33 is formed of a magnetic material and attached to the end on one side or both sides, in the direction of the axis of rotation, at a part of the rotor core 31 on the radial outside of the permanent magnet 32, and extends to a position overlapping the tip of the teeth 22 when viewing, in the direction of the axis of rotation, from the attachment position toward radial outside.

Description

  The present invention relates to a motor.

  Conventionally, a motor having a permanent magnet disclosed in Patent Document 1 is known. As shown in FIG. 7, the motor includes a rotor 104 attached to the shaft 102 and a stator 106 that surrounds the rotor 104. The rotor 104 is a cylindrical (or disc-shaped) rotor core 108 and a plurality of permanent magnets that are fitted in the outer peripheral portion of the rotor core 108 with a space in the rotational direction and form magnetic poles on the outer peripheral portion of the rotor core 108. 110, 110,... The stator 106 includes a cylindrical stator core 112 that surrounds the rotor 104 and a plurality of teeth 114, 114,... Extending radially from the stator core 112 toward the rotor 104. Each tooth 114 is formed with an exciting coil 116 by winding a conductor wire.

  In this motor 100, a rotating magnetic field is formed by passing an electric current through an exciting coil 116 provided in the stator 106, and magnet torque generated by attracting each magnetic pole of the rotor 104 to this rotating magnetic field, and d-axis inductance, The rotor 104 is rotated by the reluctance torque based on the difference from the q-axis inductance, and an output torque (rotational power) obtained by combining the magnet torque and the reluctance torque is transmitted to the outside through the shaft 102.

JP 2009-38906 A

  According to the motor 100 described above, since the magnetic pole is formed by the permanent magnet 110 without using the exciting coil in the rotor 104, there is no secondary copper loss in the exciting coil. As a result, the efficiency is higher than that of the induction motor or the like. . Further, in the motor 100 described above, the output is large because the torque obtained by combining the magnet torque and the reluctance torque becomes the output torque.

  However, in recent years, a motor with higher efficiency and higher output has been demanded.

  In view of the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a motor having a permanent magnet, which is more efficient and has a higher output.

  As a result of various studies, the present inventor has found that the above object is achieved by the present invention described below. That is, a motor according to an aspect of the present invention is a motor that generates rotational power, and includes a rotor, a stator core that surrounds the rotor in a rotation direction thereof, and a radial extension and rotation from the stator core toward the rotor. And a stator having a plurality of teeth for forming a magnetic field. The rotor includes a rotor core, a plurality of permanent magnets that form a plurality of magnetic poles in the rotor core by being fitted so as to be arranged at intervals along the rotation direction in the outer peripheral portion of the rotor core, and the rotor A plurality of magnetic flux coupling members capable of forming a magnetic path with the teeth, and the magnetic flux coupling members are formed of a magnetic material and are located on a radially outer side of the permanent magnet of the rotor core. Are attached to ends on one side or both sides in the direction of the rotation axis, and extend from the attachment position toward the outer side in the radial direction to a position overlapping the tip of the teeth in the direction of the rotation axis.

  According to such a configuration, the magnetic flux coupling member corresponds to the end on one side or both sides in the rotation axis direction in the outer peripheral portion of the rotor (the portion outside the permanent magnet of the rotor core), and the tooth tip end portion in the rotation axis direction. Since the magnetic path connecting the end portions is formed, the reluctance torque generated in the rotor is increased and the output torque of the motor (the combined torque of the magnet torque and the reluctance torque) is improved and the motor is more efficient. Is planned.

  That is, a member (magnetic flux coupling member) made of a magnetic material is disposed at the end of the rotor core and the teeth on the same side in the rotation axis direction from the outer periphery of the rotor (the portion outside the permanent magnet) to the tip of the teeth. Leakage magnetic flux leaking from the end in the rotation axis direction at the outer periphery of the rotor and leakage magnetic flux leaking from the end in the same direction at the tip of the tooth, which occurs when the magnetic flux coupling member is not provided because it extends to the overlapping position (See FIG. 5A), a magnetic path is formed so as to be drawn into and coupled to the inside of the magnetic flux coupling member (see FIG. 5B). As a result, the leakage magnetic flux in the absence of the magnetic flux coupling member is utilized so as to contribute to the torque by the magnetic flux coupling member, and the magnetic flux connecting between the rotor and the teeth is increased. As a result, the reluctance torque generated in the rotor is increased. To do.

  In the motor described above, the plurality of magnetic flux coupling members may be arranged for each magnetic pole of the rotor core, and a space may be formed between the magnetic flux coupling members arranged on the adjacent magnetic poles of the rotor core.

  According to such a configuration, since the magnetic flux coupling member is arranged for each magnetic pole, torque ripple is suppressed, and a space is formed between the adjacent magnetic flux coupling members, so that the magnetic flux is generated between the adjacent magnetic poles of the rotor core. The formation of a magnetic path through the coupling member is prevented, thereby preventing a reduction in motor efficiency and a reduction in output torque.

  Further, in the motor described above, the plurality of magnetic flux coupling members are disposed for each magnetic pole of the rotor core, and nonmagnetic members are disposed between the magnetic flux coupling members disposed on the adjacent magnetic poles of the rotor core. The magnetic flux coupling member and the nonmagnetic member may be coupled to each other.

  Even in such a configuration, the torque ripple is suppressed because the magnetic flux coupling member is arranged for each magnetic pole, and the nonmagnetic member is arranged between the adjacent magnetic flux coupling members, so that the gap between the adjacent magnetic poles of the rotor core is reduced. The formation of a magnetic path through the magnetic flux coupling member is prevented, thereby preventing a reduction in motor efficiency and a reduction in output torque.

  In addition, the adjacent magnetic flux coupling member and the nonmagnetic member are coupled to each other so that the plurality of magnetic flux coupling members and the plurality of nonmagnetic members are integrated to prevent the magnetic flux coupling member from being displaced, and these members. Can be easily attached to the rotor core.

  As mentioned above, according to this invention, it is a motor provided with the permanent magnet, Comprising: A highly efficient and high output motor can be provided.

It is a center longitudinal end view of the motor concerning this embodiment. It is a perspective view of the motor. It is a perspective view of the magnetic flux coupling member attached to the rotor core of the motor. It is a perspective view which shows the arrangement | positioning state of the said magnetic flux coupling member. It is a schematic diagram which shows the magnetic flux line between a teeth front-end | tip part and a rotor, Comprising: (A) is a schematic diagram which shows the magnetic flux line in the state in which the magnetic flux coupling member is not provided, (B) is magnetic flux coupling. It is a schematic diagram which shows the magnetic flux line in the state in which the member was provided. It is a perspective view for demonstrating the arrangement state of the some magnetic flux coupling member which concerns on other embodiment. It is the figure which looked at the conventional motor from the rotating shaft direction.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In addition, the structure which attached | subjected the same code | symbol in each figure shows that it is the same structure, The description is abbreviate | omitted suitably.

  The motor according to the present embodiment is a so-called IPM motor (hereinafter also simply referred to as “motor”). As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the rotation of the stator 20, the rotor 30, and the rotor 30 is externally performed. And an output shaft (shaft) 12 attached to the rotor 30. In the motor 10, the rotor 30 is disposed in the stator 20 so that the respective axes C coincide with each other (coaxial), and the rotor 30 is rotated by a magnetic field (rotating magnetic field) that changes in rotation. The motor 10 may include a casing, and the stator 20 and the rotor 30 may be housed in the casing.

  The stator 20 includes a stator core 21 and a plurality of teeth 22, 22,..., And surrounds the rotor 30 in the circumferential direction (rotational direction) of the output shaft 12.

  The stator core 21 has a cylindrical shape that surrounds the rotor 30 in the circumferential direction at a predetermined interval from the rotor 30.

  Each tooth 22 is a ridge member that extends from the stator core 21 toward the rotor 30 in the region surrounded by the stator core 21 and extends along the output shaft direction. An excitation coil (winding) 23 is attached to each tooth 22. The exciting coil 23 is formed by winding a conductor wire 23 a covered with an insulator such as an insulation-coated copper wire around a tooth 22. The teeth 22 and the exciting coil 23 form magnetic poles of the stator 20, and the magnetic poles are provided in a predetermined number (number of magnetic poles). In the motor 10, a rotating magnetic field is formed by supplying a current having a predetermined phase difference to each of the exciting coils 23 attached to the plurality of teeth 22, 22,. Magnet torque and reluctance torque are generated at 30 and the rotor 30 rotates.

  The stator 20 provided with the above stator core 21 and teeth 22 is formed by, for example, laminating a plurality of electromagnetic steel plates in the axial direction. Note that the stator 20 is not limited to a configuration in which electromagnetic steel plates are laminated, and may be, for example, a so-called dust core formed of soft magnetic powder or the like.

  The output shaft 12 extends along the axis C of the stator 20 (or the rotor 30), and outputs (output torque, rotational power) generated by the rotation of the rotor 30 to the mechanism or the like connected to the output shaft 12 from the outside. To tell.

  The rotor 30 includes a rotor core 31, a plurality (eight in the example of this embodiment) of permanent magnets 32, 32,..., And a plurality (eight in the example of this embodiment) of magnetic flux coupling members 33, 33,. And rotated by a rotating magnetic field formed by the stator 20.

  The rotor core 31 has a disc shape or a columnar shape, and is formed with a hole 310 penetrating in the axial center (rotation axis) direction of the rotor core 31. The output shaft 12 is inserted into the hole 310. A plurality (eight in the example of the present embodiment) of magnet insertion holes 312, 312,... Are arranged on the outer peripheral portion of the rotor core 31 so as to be arranged at intervals in the rotation direction (circumference around the axis C). Is formed. Each magnet fitting hole 312 penetrates the rotor core 31 in the axial direction, and the permanent magnet 32 is fitted therein. In the present embodiment, for example, eight magnet insertion holes 312 are formed so as to be equidistant along the rotation direction. The rotor core 31 is formed by, for example, laminating a plurality of electromagnetic steel plates in the axial direction.

  The permanent magnet 32 forms a magnetic pole of the rotor 30 (rotor core 31) by being fitted into the magnet fitting hole 312 of the rotor core 31. The permanent magnet 32 is arranged so that the magnetic poles adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction of the rotor 30 are opposite to each other (that is, the S pole and the N pole are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction on the outer circumferential surface of the rotor 30). The magnet is fitted into the magnet fitting hole 312.

  The magnetic flux coupling member 33 is formed of a magnetic material so that a magnetic path can be formed between the rotor 30 and the teeth 22. Specifically, the magnetic flux coupling member 33 is formed of a magnetic material having a high magnetic permeability such as a magnetic core obtained by solidifying iron powder or a magnetic core formed by laminating electromagnetic steel plates.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the magnetic flux coupling member 33 includes a mounting portion 330 that is attached (fixed) to the rotor core 31 and an extending portion 332 that extends from the mounting portion 330 toward the teeth 22. The attachment portion 330 and the extending portion 332 are integrally formed.

  The attachment portion 330 extends in the axial direction from the rotor core 31 and extends along the outer periphery of the rotor core 31 (in an arc shape along the outer peripheral edge of the rotor core 31 in the axial center (rotating shaft) direction view).

  The extending portion 332 extends from the attachment portion 330 to the outside in the radial direction of the rotor 30. Specifically, the extending portion 332 overlaps with the distal end portion of the tooth 22 as viewed in the axial center (rotating axis) direction from the distal end portion (end portion far from the rotor core 31) of the attachment portion 330 toward the radially outer side ( More specifically, it extends to the front of the coil 23 so as not to contact the coil end of the exciting coil 23. At the overlapping position, a predetermined gap is formed between the extending portion 332 and the tip end portion of the tooth 22. That is, the extending portion 332 extends so as to cover the tip portion of the tooth 22 in a non-contact state with the tooth 22. Thereby, even if the rotor 30 rotates, the magnetic flux coupling member 33 and the teeth 22 (tip portions of the teeth 22) do not come into contact with each other.

  The magnetic flux coupling member 33 having the mounting portion 330 and the extending portion 332 described above has a shape in which a transverse section (a section passing through the axis C of the rotor 30) is L-shaped. It is not limited. In other words, the magnetic flux coupling member 33 is attached to an end portion in the axial center (rotating shaft) direction at a portion radially outside the permanent magnet 32 of the rotor core 31, and the axial center (rotation) from the mounting position toward the radially outer side. Any other shape may be used as long as it has a shape extending to a position overlapping the tip of the tooth 22 in the axial direction.

  The magnetic flux coupling members 33 are respectively attached to both ends of the outer peripheral portion of the rotor core 31 (specifically, the portion radially outside the permanent magnet 32 of the rotor core 31) in the axial center (rotating shaft) direction. In the example of the present embodiment, eight magnetic flux coupling members 33 are arranged for each magnetic pole of the rotor core 31 (that is, a position corresponding to each permanent magnet 32). In this arrangement state, a space S is formed between the adjacent magnetic flux coupling members 33 and 33 (see FIGS. 2 and 4).

  According to the motor 10 described above, the magnetic flux coupling member 33 causes both ends of the outer periphery of the rotor 30 (the portion outside the permanent magnet 32 of the rotor core 31) in the axial center (rotating shaft) direction and the teeth 22. Since a magnetic path that connects the corresponding end portions in the axial center (rotation axis) direction of the tip portion is formed, the reluctance torque generated in the rotor 30 by the rotating magnetic field increases, and the output torque (magnet torque and reluctance of the motor 10) (Torque combined with torque) is improved, and the motor 10 is more efficient.

  That is, a member (magnetic flux coupling member 33) formed of a magnetic material is disposed at the end on the same side in the axial center (rotating shaft) direction of the rotor core 31 and the teeth 22 than the outer peripheral portion (permanent magnet 32) of the rotor 30. Leakage from the end portion in the axial center (rotating shaft) direction at the outer peripheral portion of the rotor, which occurs when the magnetic flux coupling member 33 is not provided. A magnetic path is formed in which the magnetic flux and the leakage magnetic flux leaking from the end portion in the same direction at the tip of the tooth (see FIG. 5A) are drawn into the magnetic flux coupling member 33 and coupled (FIG. 5). (See (B)). As a result, the magnetic flux coupling member 33 is utilized so that the leakage magnetic flux in the absence of the magnetic flux coupling member 33 contributes to the torque, and the reluctance torque generated in the rotor 30 by the rotating magnetic field formed by the stator 20 It increases compared to the case where it is not.

  Moreover, in the motor 10 of this embodiment, since the magnetic flux coupling member 33 is arrange | positioned for every magnetic pole of the rotor 30 (rotor core 31), a torque ripple is suppressed. Moreover, in the motor 10, since the space S is formed between the adjacent magnetic flux coupling members 33, 33, a magnetic path through the magnetic flux coupling member 33 is formed between the adjacent magnetic poles of the rotor core 31. Thus, it is possible to prevent the efficiency of the motor 10 and the output torque from decreasing.

  The motor 10 of the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and it is needless to say that various modifications can be made without departing from the gist of the present invention.

  For example, the plurality of magnetic flux coupling members 33, 33,... In the above embodiment are not coupled to each other, but are not limited to this configuration. For example, as shown in FIG. 6, when each magnetic flux coupling member 33 is arranged at a position corresponding to each magnetic pole of the rotor core 31, the magnetic flux coupling members 33, 33 arranged on the adjacent magnetic poles are not in between. A magnetic member (for example, a member formed of copper, aluminum, or the like) 35 may be disposed, and an integrated structure in which adjacent magnetic flux coupling members 33 and nonmagnetic members 35 are coupled may be used. At this time, the nonmagnetic member 35 is formed so that the cross section thereof is the same as the cross section of the magnetic flux coupling member 33.

  As described above, even if the plurality of magnetic flux coupling members 33, 33,... Are connected via the nonmagnetic member 35, the magnetic flux coupling member 33 is disposed for each magnetic pole of the rotor core 31. Ripple is suppressed. Further, the nonmagnetic member 35 is disposed between the adjacent magnetic flux coupling members 33 and 33, thereby preventing a magnetic path through the magnetic flux coupling member 33 from being formed between the adjacent magnetic poles of the rotor core 31. Thus, it is possible to prevent the efficiency of the motor 10 from decreasing and the output torque from decreasing. Moreover, the adjacent magnetic flux coupling member 33 and the nonmagnetic member 35 are coupled to each other, and the plurality of magnetic flux coupling members 33, 33,... And the plurality of nonmagnetic members 35, 35,. Misalignment of the coupling member 33 is prevented, and attachment of these members to the rotor core 31 is facilitated.

  Moreover, although the motor 10 of the said embodiment is an IPM motor, it is not limited to this, A motor of another type may be sufficient.

  In order to express the present invention, the present invention has been properly and fully described through the embodiments with reference to the drawings. However, those skilled in the art can easily change and / or improve the above-described embodiments. It should be recognized that this is possible. Therefore, unless the modifications or improvements implemented by those skilled in the art are at a level that departs from the scope of the claims recited in the claims, the modifications or improvements are not covered by the claims. To be construed as inclusive.

10 Motor 12 Output shaft (shaft)
20 Stator 21 Stator Core 22 Teeth 23 Excitation Coil 30 Rotor 31 Rotor Core 32 Permanent Magnet 33 Magnetic Flux Coupling Member 35 Nonmagnetic Member C Axle (Rotating Shaft)

Claims (3)

A motor for generating rotational power,
A rotor, a stator core that surrounds the rotor in its rotation direction, and a stator having a plurality of teeth that extend radially from the stator core toward the rotor and that form a rotating magnetic field,
The rotor includes a rotor core, a plurality of permanent magnets that form a plurality of magnetic poles in the rotor core by being fitted in the outer peripheral portion of the rotor core at intervals along the rotation direction, the rotor, and the teeth A plurality of magnetic flux coupling members capable of forming a magnetic path between
The magnetic flux coupling member is formed of a magnetic material, and is attached to one end or both ends in the rotational axis direction of a portion of the rotor core on the radially outer side than the permanent magnet, and radially outward from the attachment position. The motor extends to a position overlapping with the tip of the tooth as viewed in the direction of the rotational axis.   The plurality of magnetic flux coupling members are arranged for each magnetic pole of the rotor core, and a space is formed between the magnetic flux coupling members arranged on adjacent magnetic poles of the rotor core. motor. The plurality of magnetic flux coupling members are disposed for each magnetic pole of the rotor core, and nonmagnetic members are disposed between the magnetic flux coupling members disposed on adjacent magnetic poles of the rotor core, and the adjacent magnetic flux coupling members and the The motor according to claim 1, wherein the nonmagnetic member is coupled to each other.

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