JP2014020182A - Wooden beam - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a wooden beam in which a plurality of square timbers can be joined firmly and the performance of which can be easily maintained for a long time.SOLUTION: The wooden beam is formed by joining and integrating the plurality of square timbers in a timber axial direction. Two square timbers 2, 3 neighboring in the timber axial direction are coupled by a bolt 7 and a nut 8 and joined by applying a pressing load in a direction from two pressing faces 2B, 3B holding joint surfaces 2A, 3A of the two square timbers 2, 3 between the two pressing faces to the joint surfaces 2A, 3B.

Description

  The present invention relates to a wooden beam obtained by joining and integrating a plurality of square members.

  A wooden beam used for a wooden building is a laminated beam (sometimes called a laminated beam) in which a plurality of square members are joined and integrated. The laminated beam integrates a small square material, making it possible to increase the cross section and length of the beam. Small timber can be obtained from thinned wood, and its supply is more stable than solid wood that has a large cross section and is long. In addition, the laminated beam has less variation in strength than a beam made of a solid material, and there are few deviations and cracks. Therefore, the laminated beam is suitable for increasing the span of a wooden building.

  As a method of joining a plurality of square members when manufacturing a laminated beam, a method of bonding with an adhesive is well known (for example, see Patent Document 1).

JP 2007-070880 A

  When a plurality of square bars are bonded to lengthen the beam, the square bars adjacent in the axis direction are bonded to each other. However, since the square member used for the laminated beam has a small end face area, a strong adhesive force cannot be expected. For this reason, the bonded surface of the beam in which the square members are bonded in the material axis direction may be broken (peeled) by bending stress or tensile stress. Furthermore, the adhesive used for bonding the square bars is mainly resin-based, and there is a risk that the adhesive force may be reduced over time. Therefore, there is a possibility that the performance (bending strength, durability, etc.) of the laminated beam in which a plurality of square members are bonded is remarkably deteriorated over time. In addition, in a laminated beam in which a plurality of square members are bonded, it is difficult to cope with a void (empty package) or local peeling of the adhesive in the interior, and it is difficult to maintain long-term performance.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above, and an object of the present invention is to provide a wooden beam capable of firmly joining a plurality of square members and easily maintaining performance over a long period of time.

  In order to achieve the above object, a wooden beam according to claim 1 of the present invention is a wooden beam in which a plurality of square members are joined and integrated in the material axis direction, and two adjacent beams in the material axis direction. The square member is fastened with a bolt and a nut, and is joined by applying a pressing load in a direction from the two surfaces located across the joining surface of the two square members to the joining surface.

  In the wood beam according to claim 2 of the present invention, in the wood beam according to claim 1, the two square bars adjacent in the direction of the axis of the material each face the opposite side to the joint surface with the other square bar. A concave portion having a pressing surface and a concave groove that communicates the concave portions of the two square members are formed, and the bolt shaft is inserted into the concave groove so as to extend across the two square members. The nuts are fastened by the nuts, and are joined by applying a pressing load in the direction toward the joining surface to the pressing surfaces of the recesses in the respective square members.

  In the wood beam according to claim 3 of the present invention, in the wood beam according to claim 1 or claim 2, a square member is also joined in the thickness direction of the square member joined in the material axis direction. A plurality of cotters are respectively interposed on the joining surfaces of the square bars arranged in the direction, the cotters are made of wood, and the fiber direction thereof coincides with the fiber direction of the square bars.

  A wooden beam according to a fourth aspect of the present invention is the wooden beam according to the third aspect, wherein two or more square members arranged in the thickness direction are fastened and joined by a bolt and a nut. The shaft is inserted into two or more square bars arranged in the thickness direction and a through-hole penetrating the cotter.

  The wood beam according to claim 5 of the present invention is the wood beam according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the square members adjacent in the thickness direction are joined to the square members adjacent in the material axis direction. The surface is shifted by a predetermined distance in the material axis direction.

  The wood beam according to claim 6 of the present invention is a wood beam in which a plurality of square members are joined and integrated in the thickness direction and the width direction, and is a first auxiliary straddling two or more square members arranged in the thickness direction. An iron plate and a second auxiliary iron plate straddling two or more square members arranged in the width direction, the first auxiliary iron plate interposed between the adjacent square members in the width direction, and the second auxiliary iron plate has the thickness The two or more square members arranged in the thickness direction are joined to each other by inserting a bolt shaft into a through hole penetrating the square member and the second auxiliary iron plate and fastening with a nut. In addition, the two or more square members arranged in the width direction are characterized in that a bolt shaft is inserted into a through-hole penetrating the square member and the first auxiliary iron plate and fastened with a nut, and joined.

  The wood beam according to claim 7 of the present invention is a wood beam in which a plurality of square members are joined and integrated in the thickness direction and the width direction, and is a first auxiliary straddling two or more square members arranged in the thickness direction. An iron plate and a second auxiliary iron plate straddling two or more square members arranged in the width direction, the first auxiliary iron plate interposed between the adjacent square members in the width direction, and the second auxiliary iron plate has the thickness The two or more square bars arranged in the thickness direction below the neutral plane in the direction are fastened with nuts by inserting bolt shafts into through-holes penetrating the square bars and the second auxiliary iron plate. The two or more square members aligned in the width direction are joined by inserting a bolt shaft into a through hole penetrating the square member and the first auxiliary iron plate and fastening with a nut. Features.

  In the wood beam according to the present invention, two square bars adjacent in the material axis direction are fastened with bolts and nuts, and a pressing load in a direction from the two faces sandwiching the joint surfaces of the two square members toward the joint surface is applied. In addition, they are joined. Therefore, the wooden beam according to the present invention can firmly join two square bars adjacent in the material axis direction against bending stress and tensile stress.

  Further, in the wooden beam according to the present invention, when joining a plurality of square members in the thickness direction and the width direction, the first auxiliary iron plates straddling two or more square members arranged in the thickness direction are arranged in the width direction. A second auxiliary iron plate straddling two or more square bars is used. Therefore, the bending rigidity in the thickness direction is improved as compared with a case where only a plurality of square members are joined, and the strength against an external force in the thickness direction such as gravity is increased. Moreover, by arrange | positioning a 2nd auxiliary iron plate below a neutral surface, while being able to resist with respect to a tensile stress, a wooden beam can be made hard to bend. Moreover, the buckling of the 1st auxiliary iron plate by the external force of the width direction can be prevented by interposing the 1st auxiliary iron plate between the square bars adjacent in the width direction. That is, the wooden beams according to the present invention can firmly join the square members arranged in the thickness direction and the width direction.

  Furthermore, since the wooden beam according to the present invention is joined by fastening a plurality of square members with bolts and nuts as described above, the joining force is less likely to deteriorate over time than when joined with an adhesive. In addition, even when the fastening between the bolt and the nut is loosened and the joining force is reduced, it is only necessary to retighten the bolt and the nut. Therefore, the wooden beam according to the present invention can easily maintain its performance over a long period of time.

FIG. 1 is an elevational view showing a schematic configuration of a wooden beam according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a plan view of the wooden beam shown in FIG. FIG. 3 is a plan view showing a configuration of a joint portion between square members adjacent in the material axis direction. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. FIG. 5 is an elevation view schematically showing a schematic configuration of the wooden beam according to the second embodiment of the present invention. 6 is a left side view of the wooden beam shown in FIG. FIG. 7 is an elevational view showing an example of a method of joining the first auxiliary iron plate and the second auxiliary iron plate and the cross-shaped iron plate of the column when joining the wooden beam and the column of the second embodiment. FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line CC of FIG. FIG. 9 is an elevation view illustrating an example of a method for joining the wooden beam and the column according to the second embodiment. FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line DD in FIG.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of a wooden beam according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. Note that components having the same function are denoted by the same reference symbols throughout the drawings for describing the embodiment, and the repetitive description thereof will be omitted.

(Embodiment 1)
FIG. 1 is an elevational view showing a schematic configuration of a wooden beam according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a plan view of the wooden beam shown in FIG. FIG. 3 is a plan view showing a configuration of a joint portion between square members adjacent in the material axis direction. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the wooden beam 1 of this embodiment is formed by integrating a plurality of square bars including square bars 2, 3, 4, and 5 in the material axis direction and the thickness direction. Square members 2, 3, 4, and 5 are widespread products used as structural members in detached houses and the like. For example, the cross-sectional dimensions (dimensions in the width direction × dimensions in the thickness direction) are 105 mm × 105 mm and the length (material) The axial dimension) is 4 m.

  The square member 2 and the square member 3 adjacent to each other in the material axis direction are fastened and joined by a bolt 7 and a nut 8. A method of joining the square member 2 and the square member 3 will be described with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4.

  As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the square member 2 has a first recess 2 </ b> B formed in the vicinity of a joint surface (a front end surface) 2 </ b> A with the square member 3. The 1st recessed part 2B of the square 2 has the press surface 2C which faced the opposite side to 2 A of joining surfaces. The first recess 2 </ b> B of the square member 2 is formed to have a dimension that allows the head 7 </ b> A and the cotter 9 of the bolt 7 to be disposed and allows the bolt 7 and the nut 8 to be fastened. Further, the square member 2 is formed with a concave groove 2D that communicates the joining surface 2A and the pressing surface 2C. The concave groove 2D of the square member 2 is formed in a dimension capable of accommodating the shaft 7B of the bolt 7 at the center in the width direction.

  Similarly, in the square member 3, a first recess 3 </ b> B is formed in the vicinity of the joint surface 3 </ b> A with the square member 2. The first concave portion 3B of the square member 3 has a pressing surface 3C facing away from the bonding surface 3A. The first concave portion 3 </ b> B of the square member 3 is formed to have such a dimension that the nut 8 and the cotter 9 can be disposed and the fastening operation by the bolt 7 and the nut 8 can be performed. Further, the square bar 3 is formed with a concave groove 3D that communicates the joining surface 3A and the pressing surface 3C. The concave groove 3D of the square member 3 is formed in a dimension capable of accommodating the shaft 7B of the bolt 7 at the center in the width direction.

  When joining the square member 2 and the square member 3, first, the joint surfaces 2A and 3A are brought into contact with each other, and the shaft 7B of the bolt 7 is accommodated in the concave grooves 2D and 3D. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, a spring washer 10A, a washer 11A, a washer 11B, and a spring washer 10B are passed through the shaft 7B of the bolt 7 in this order. The spring washer 10A and the washer 11A previously passed through the shaft 7B of the bolt 7 are disposed in the first recess 2B of the square member 2. On the other hand, the washer 11 </ b> B and the spring washer 10 </ b> B that are passed through the shaft 7 </ b> B of the bolt 7 later are disposed in the first recess 3 </ b> B of the square member 3.

  Next, the cotter 9 is disposed in the first recess 2 </ b> B of the square member 2 and the first recess 3 </ b> B of the square member 3. 3 and 4, the cotter 9 is disposed between the pressing surface 2C of the square member 2 and the washer 11A, and between the pressing surface 3C of the square member 3 and the washer 11B, respectively. The cotter 9 is formed with a concave groove 9 </ b> A capable of accommodating the shaft 7 </ b> B of the bolt 7. The concave groove 9A of the cotter 9 is constrained to the movement of the shaft 7B in the width direction and the thickness direction of the bolt 7 in a state of being disposed in the first concave portion 2B of the square member 2 and the first concave portion 3B of the square member 3. Form it. Further, the cotter 9 is formed to have a dimension protruding from the square members 2 and 3 by a predetermined height in the thickness direction in a state of being disposed in the first recess 2B of the square member 2 and the first recess 3B of the square member 3. In addition, as for the cotter 9, it is desirable to make a fiber direction correspond with the fiber direction of the squares 2 and 3. FIG.

  Thereafter, the nut 8 is screwed onto the shaft 7 </ b> A of the bolt 7 to fasten the square member 2 and the square member 3. By this fastening, the pressing surface 2 </ b> C of the square member 2 and the pressing surface 3 </ b> C of the square member 3 receive a pressing load in a direction toward the joint interface J between the square member 2 and the square member 3. That is, the square member 2 and the square member 3 are firmly joined by the pressing load received by the pressing surfaces 2C and 3C. Therefore, the joining of the square member 2 and the square member 3 becomes strong against bending stress and tensile stress.

  The square members 5 and 6 adjacent to each other in the material axis direction are fastened and joined in the same manner as the square members 2 and 3. Therefore, the joining of the square member 5 and the square member 6 is also strong against bending stress and tensile stress.

  Further, in the wood beam 1 of the present embodiment, square members (square members 2, 4, 5 and square members 3, 4, 6) overlapping in the thickness direction are also fastened and joined with bolts and nuts. A method for joining square bars overlapping in the thickness direction will be described with reference to FIGS.

  As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the square member 2 is formed with a second concave portion 2 </ b> E in which the cotter 12 is disposed on the joint surface with the square member 4 in addition to the first concave portion 2 </ b> B in which the cotter 9 is disposed. In addition to the first recess 3B in which the cotter 9 is disposed, the square member 3 is also formed with a second recess 3E in which the cotter 12 is disposed on the joint surface with the square member 4.

  As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 4, the square member 4 stacked on the square members 2 and 3 is stacked across the square member 2 and the square member 3. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the square bar 4 has a first recess 4 </ b> A and a second recess 4 </ b> B formed on the joint surface with the square bar 2. The first recess 4 </ b> A of the square member 4 is a recess that fits into the cotter 9 disposed in the first recess 2 </ b> B of the square member 2. The second recess 4 </ b> B of the square member 4 is a recess that defines a space in which the cotter 12 is fitted together with the second recess 2 </ b> E of the square member 2. Further, the square member 4 has a third concave portion 4 </ b> C and a fourth concave portion 4 </ b> D formed on the joint surface with the square member 3. The 3rd recessed part 4C of the square member 4 is a recessed part fitted with the cotter 9 arrange | positioned at the 1st recessed part 3B of the square member 3. As shown in FIG. The 4th recessed part 4D of the square 4 is a recessed part which defines the space which fits the cotter 12 with the 2nd recessed part 3E of the square 3.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the square member 5 and the square member 6 overlap on the square member 4. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 4, in the square member 4, the first concave portion 4A ′, the second concave portion 4B ′, the third concave portion 4C ′, and the fourth concave portion 4D ′ are also formed on the joint surface between the square member 5 and the square member 6. ing.

  A first through hole 13 and a second through hole 14 are provided in a portion where the square members 2, 4 and 5 overlap. Similarly, the 1st through-hole 13 and the 2nd through-hole 14 are provided also in the part which the squares 3, 4, and 6 overlap. The first through hole 13 is a through hole that penetrates the square members 2, 4, 5 (or the square members 3, 4, 6) and the cotter 12. As shown in FIG. 1, a bolt 15 is inserted into the first through hole 13. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, a countersink hole 13 </ b> A that accommodates the head of the bolt 15 and the nut 16 is formed at the opening end of the first through hole 13. The second through hole 14 is a through hole penetrating the square members 2, 4, 5 (or the square members 3, 4, 6), and is provided in the vicinity of the joint interface J between the square member 2 and the square member 3. As shown in FIG. 1, a bolt 17 is inserted into the second through hole 14. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, a countersink hole 14 </ b> A that accommodates the head of the bolt 17 and the nut 18 is formed at the opening end of the second through hole 14.

  When joining the square members 2 to 6 stacked in the thickness direction, first, as shown in FIG. 4, the cotters 12 are respectively attached to the second concave portion 2 </ b> E of the square member 2 and the second concave portion 3 </ b> E of the square member 3. It arrange | positions and the square bar 4 is piled up on it. Subsequently, the cotter 12 is disposed in the second recess 4B 'and the fourth recess 4D' of the square member 4 and the joined square members 5 and 6 are stacked on the square member 4 as shown in FIG.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 1, the bolt 15 is inserted into the first through hole 13 and fastened with the nut 16, and the bolt 17 is inserted into the second through hole 14 and fastened with the nut 18. By this fastening, the square members 2, 4, 5 and the square members 3, 4, 6 are joined. Further, by this fastening, the bottom surface of the countersink hole 13A of the first through hole 13 and the bottom surface of the countersink hole 14A of the second through hole 14 receive a pressing load in the direction toward the center in the thickness direction. That is, the square bars that overlap in the thickness direction are firmly joined by the pressing load received by the bottom surfaces of the counterboring holes 13A and 14A. Further, cotters 9 and 12 are interposed on the joint surfaces of the square members overlapping in the thickness direction. Therefore, stress generated by deflection due to its own weight can be transmitted and dispersed between the square members in the thickness direction. Furthermore, the square member 4 is overlapped so as to straddle the two square members 2 and 3 and the square members 5 and 6 joined in the material axis direction. Therefore, the wooden beam 1 of the present embodiment can be reinforced with the square bar in which the bonding strength of the square bars joined in the material axis direction is overlapped in the thickness direction.

  As described above, the wood beam 1 of the present embodiment fastens the square bars (square bar 2 and square bar 3, square bar 5 and square bar 6 and the like) adjacent to each other in the direction of the axis of the material with the bolt 7 and the nut 8. Bonding is performed by applying a pressing load in the direction from the pressing surface provided to each square member to the bonding interface J. Therefore, in the wood beam 1 of the present embodiment, the square bars adjacent in the material axis direction are firmly joined.

  Further, the square members overlapping in the thickness direction are fastened by the bolts 15 and the nuts 16 and fastened by the bolts 17 and the nuts 18 to be joined. In addition, cotters 9 and 12 are interposed on the joint surfaces of the square members that overlap in the thickness direction. Therefore, the wood beam 1 of this embodiment can transmit and disperse the stress generated by the deflection due to its own weight between the square members in the thickness direction. Therefore, in the wood beam 1 of the present embodiment, the square members overlapping in the thickness direction are also firmly joined. Furthermore, the wooden beam 1 of this embodiment is overlapped so as to straddle two square members joined in the material axis direction when the square members are stacked in the thickness direction. Therefore, the wooden beam 1 of the present embodiment can be reinforced with the square bar in which the bonding strength of the square bars joined in the material axis direction is overlapped in the thickness direction.

  In addition, since the wooden beam 1 of the present embodiment is joined by fastening a plurality of square members with bolts and nuts as described above, the joint strength is reduced due to aging as compared with the case of joining with an adhesive. Is unlikely to occur. Further, even when loosening occurs in the fastening (screwing) between the bolt and the nut and the joining strength is lowered, it is only necessary to retighten the bolt and the nut, so that it is easy to cope with it. Therefore, the wooden beam 1 of this embodiment can easily maintain performance such as strength against bending stress and tensile stress over a long period of time.

  Moreover, the wood beam 1 of the present embodiment does not use an adhesive for joining a plurality of square members. For this reason, energy consumption and carbon dioxide emission during production can be reduced compared to a wooden beam that is bonded and integrated with an adhesive.

  Moreover, since the wood beam 1 of this Embodiment does not use an adhesive agent for joining of square members, it can be manufactured even in a factory without facilities for bonding the square members. In addition, the wooden beam 1 of the present embodiment can be manufactured with the popular square material (sawmill) as described above. Therefore, the wooden beam 1 of the present embodiment enables a stable supply of a long wooden beam having a large cross section and also enables a reduction in manufacturing cost.

(Embodiment 2)
FIG. 5 is an elevation view schematically showing a schematic configuration of the wooden beam according to the second embodiment of the present invention. 6 is a left side view of the wooden beam shown in FIG.

  As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the wooden beam 50 of this embodiment is formed by integrating six square bars 51 to 56 so as to be arranged in three rows in the thickness direction and in two rows in the width direction. Square members 51 to 56 are popular products used as structural members in single-family houses and the like, similar to the square members 2 to 5 used for the wooden beams 1 of the first embodiment.

  As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the square members 51, 53, and 55 overlapping in the thickness direction are formed by bolts 57 and nuts 58 inserted through through holes (not shown) that penetrate these square members 51, 53, and 55. Fastened and joined. Similarly, the square members 52, 54, and 56 that overlap in the thickness direction are, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, bolts 57 and nuts that are inserted into through holes (not shown) that penetrate these square members 52, 54, and 56. Fastened to 58 and joined.

  On the other hand, the square members 51 and 52, the square members 53 and 54, and the square members 55 and 56 that are adjacent in the width direction are, as shown in FIG. 6, a bolt 59 inserted through a through hole (not shown) that penetrates these square members. Each nut 60 is fastened and joined.

  Further, in the wood beam 50 of the present embodiment, the first auxiliary iron plate 61 is interposed between the pair of square members 51, 53, 55 and the pair of square members 52, 54, 56 that overlap in the thickness direction. The first auxiliary iron plate 61 is a single iron plate that extends over the square members 51, 53, and 55 that overlap in the thickness direction, and a bolt 59 that fastens the square members arranged in the width direction is inserted into a predetermined location. A hole (not shown) is formed.

  Furthermore, the wooden beam 50 of this embodiment has the second auxiliary iron plate 62 disposed at the lower end. The second auxiliary iron plate 62 is a single iron plate extending over the square members 51 and 52 arranged in the width direction, and a hole (not shown) through which the bolt 57 is inserted is formed at a predetermined location. The second auxiliary iron plate 62 is integrated with the first auxiliary iron plate 61 by welding.

  A set of square members 51, 53, and 55 overlapping in the thickness direction is not only integrated by the bolt 57 and the nut 58 but also integrated by the first auxiliary iron plate 61 and the bolt 59. A set of square members 52, 54, and 56 overlapping in the thickness direction is not only integrated by the bolt 57 and the nut 58 but also integrated by the first auxiliary iron plate 61 and the bolt 59. Therefore, the pair of square members 51, 53, 55 that overlap in the thickness direction and the pair of square members 52, 54, 56 that overlap in the thickness direction are in the thickness direction as compared with the case where the bolt 57 and the nut 58 are merely fastened. Flexural rigidity against stress increases. Further, by interposing the first auxiliary iron plate 61 between the pair of square members 51, 53, 55 that overlap in the thickness direction and the pair of square members 52, 54, 56 that overlap in the thickness direction, the first auxiliary iron plate 61 is interposed by the external force in the width direction. 1 The buckling of the auxiliary iron plate 61 can be prevented.

  Furthermore, the wooden beam 50 of the present embodiment is provided with a second auxiliary iron plate 62 extending across the square bars arranged in the width direction at the lower end. Therefore, the second auxiliary iron plate 62 can resist the tensile stress caused by the deflection. Therefore, the wooden beam 50 of the present embodiment is less likely to crack (break) due to concentration of bending stress or tensile stress.

  In addition, the wood beam 50 of the present embodiment integrates the first auxiliary iron plate 61 and the second auxiliary iron plate 62 into an inverted T shape, so that the bending rigidity in the width direction is also increased.

  Next, a method for joining the wooden beam 50 and the column of the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS.

  FIG. 7 is an elevational view showing an example of a method of joining the first auxiliary iron plate and the second auxiliary iron plate and the cross-shaped iron plate of the column when joining the wooden beam and the column of the second embodiment. FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line CC of FIG. FIG. 9 is an elevation view illustrating an example of a method for joining the wooden beam and the column according to the second embodiment. FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line DD in FIG.

  When joining the wooden beam 50 of the present embodiment to a column, first, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the first auxiliary iron plate 61 and the second auxiliary iron plate 62 and the cross iron plate 63 of the column are connected to a connecting steel plate. 64 are connected.

  As shown in FIG. 7, the first auxiliary iron plate 61 has a through hole 61A formed at a predetermined position. The through hole 61A is a hole through which a bolt 59 that fastens square bars adjacent in the width direction is inserted. As shown in FIG. 8, the second auxiliary iron plate 62 has through holes 62A formed at predetermined positions. The through hole 62A is a hole through which a bolt 57 that fastens square bars adjacent in the thickness direction is inserted. Further, the first auxiliary iron plate 61 and the second auxiliary iron plate 62 are integrated by aligning the positions of the end faces 61B and 62B in the material axis direction and joining them in an inverted T shape.

  As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the cross iron plate 63 is provided with a first connecting portion 63B and a second connecting portion 63C on a base 63A having a cross-shaped cross section. The base 63A is a portion used for joining square members used as columns and joining the ends of the wooden beams 50. The base 63A has a through hole 63D formed at a predetermined position. The through hole 63D is a hole through which bolts for joining the square bars for pillars and bolts 57 and 59 for joining the ends of the wooden beams 50 are inserted. As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the first connecting portion 63 </ b> B is a portion protruding in the material axis direction from the base portion 63 </ b> A, and is connected to the end surface of the first auxiliary iron plate 61. The second connecting portion 63C is a portion having a rectangular cross section provided at the lower end of the first connecting portion 63B, and is connected to the end surface of the second auxiliary iron plate 62. The second connecting portion 63C also has a role of supporting the end portion of the wooden beam 50.

  As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the connecting steel plate 64 is a steel plate disposed so as to straddle the end portion of the second auxiliary iron plate 62 and the second connecting portion 63 </ b> C of the cross iron plate 63. The connecting steel plate 64 is integrated with the second auxiliary iron plate 62 and the cross iron plate 63 by welding or the like. The connecting steel plate 64 forms through holes (not shown) through which the bolts 57 are inserted at positions corresponding to the through holes 62A of the second auxiliary iron plate 62 and the through holes 63D provided in the second connecting portion 63C of the cross iron plate 63. Keep it.

  Next, as shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, the square members 51 to 56 constituting the wooden beam 50 are arranged and joined to an inverted T-shaped auxiliary iron plate made up of the first auxiliary iron plate 61 and the second auxiliary iron plate 62. The square members 51 to 56 are joined in a state where the ends in the material axis direction are attached to the base portion 63 </ b> A of the cross iron plate 63. The pair of square members 51, 53, and 55 and the pair of square members 52, 54, and 56 that overlap in the thickness direction are fastened by bolts 57 and nuts 58, respectively. At this time, the end in the material axis direction is fastened with the second connecting portion 63 </ b> C of the cross iron plate 63 interposed at the lower end instead of the second auxiliary iron plate 62.

  Further, the square members 51 and 52, the square members 53 and 54, and the square members 55 and 56 that are adjacent in the width direction are fastened by bolts 59 and nuts 60, respectively. At this time, the end in the material axis direction is fastened with the first connecting portion 63B of the cross iron plate 63 interposed instead of the first auxiliary iron plate 61.

  Further, on the base 63A of the cross iron plate 63, as shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, eight column square members 65-72 are arranged in a square shape as a pair, and a bolt 59 and a nut 60 are used. Conclude.

  As described above, the pillars to which the wooden beams 50 of the present embodiment are joined can also be made large in cross section by joining the pillars for pillars into an integrated pillar (stacked pillar). Also, by using the cross iron plate 63, the eight column square members 65-72 are arranged in a square shape as a pair, and the bolt 59 and the nut 60 are fastened to improve the bending rigidity of the column. To do.

  As described above, the wood beam 50 of the present embodiment is formed by joining the square members overlapping in the thickness direction and the square members adjacent in the width direction by fastening with bolts and nuts. Therefore, in the wood beam 50 of the present embodiment, the square members are firmly joined to each other.

  Further, the wood beam 50 of the present embodiment uses the first auxiliary iron plate 61 and the second auxiliary iron plate 62 so that it can resist bending stress and tensile stress. Further, the first auxiliary iron plate 61 is interposed between square bars arranged in the width direction, and the second auxiliary iron plate 62 is disposed at the lower end of the wooden beam 50. Therefore, an increase in the own weight of the wooden beam 50 can be suppressed, and a deflection due to the own weight can be hardly generated. Therefore, the wooden beam 50 of the present embodiment is less likely to be distorted or cracked due to concentration of bending stress or tensile stress. In addition, the pillars to which the wooden beams 50 are joined are also joined by fastening them with bolts and nuts together with a plurality of square members using the cross iron plate 63, so that the bending rigidity of the columns is improved and cracking of the square members due to stress concentration ( Destruction) is less likely to occur.

  In addition, since the wooden beam 50 of the present embodiment is joined by joining a plurality of square members with bolts and nuts as described above, the joint strength is reduced due to aging as compared with the case of joining with an adhesive. Is unlikely to occur. Further, even when loosening occurs in the fastening (screwing) between the bolt and the nut and the joining strength is reduced, it is only necessary to retighten the bolt and the nut, so that it is easy to cope with it. Therefore, the wood beam 50 of this embodiment can easily maintain performance such as strength against bending stress and tensile stress over a long period of time.

  Moreover, the wood beam 50 of the present embodiment does not use an adhesive for joining a plurality of square members. For this reason, energy consumption and carbon dioxide emission during production can be reduced compared to a wooden beam that is bonded and integrated with an adhesive.

  Moreover, since the wood beam 50 of this Embodiment does not use an adhesive agent for joining of square members, it can be manufactured even in a factory without facilities for bonding the square members. In addition, the wooden beam 50 according to the present embodiment can be manufactured using a popular square member (sawmill) as described above. Therefore, the wooden beam 50 of the present embodiment enables a stable supply of a long wooden beam having a large cross section, and also enables a reduction in manufacturing cost.

  In the present embodiment, the second auxiliary iron plate 62 is disposed at the lower end of the wooden beam 50. However, the arrangement position of the second auxiliary iron plate 62 is not limited to this, and may be any position below the neutral surface of the wooden beam 50. Therefore, the second auxiliary iron plate 62 may be interposed between the lower square members 51 and 52 and the middle square members 53 and 54 in FIG.

  Further, when the wooden beam 50 and the column are joined, the end of the wooden beam 50 and the end of the column may be sandwiched between a pair of joined steel plates.

  The present invention has been specifically described above based on the above embodiment, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and it is needless to say that various changes can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention.

1 Wood beam 2,3,4,5,6 Square 2A, 3A Joining surface (front surface)
2B, 3B 1st recessed part 2C, 3C Press surface 2D, 3D Groove 2E, 3E 2nd recessed part 4A, 4A '1st recessed part 4B, 4B' 2nd recessed part 4C, 4C '3rd recessed part 4D, 4D' 4th recessed part 7, 15, 17 bolt 7A head 7B shaft 8, 16, 18 nut 9, 12 cotter 9A concave groove 10A, 10B spring washer 11A, 11B washer 13 first through hole 14 second through hole 13A, 14A counter digging hole 50 Wood beams 51 to 56 Square members 57, 59 Bolts 58, 60 Nut 61 First auxiliary iron plate 62 Second auxiliary iron plate 63 Cross iron plate 63A Base 63B First connecting portion 63C Second connecting portion 64 Connecting steel plate

Claims (7)

It is a wooden beam in which a plurality of square members are joined and integrated in the material axis direction,
Fasten two square bars adjacent in the direction of the material axis with bolts and nuts,
A wood beam characterized in that it is joined by applying a pressing load in a direction from the two faces located between the joining faces of the two square bars toward the joining face. Each of the two square bars adjacent to each other in the material axis direction has a recess having a pressing surface facing away from the joint surface with the other square bar, and a concave groove communicating the recesses of the two square bars. Formed,
The bolt shaft is inserted into the concave groove so as to extend across the two square bars, and fastened with the nut,
2. The wood beam according to claim 1, wherein a pressing load in a direction toward the joining surface is applied to a pressing surface of the concave portion in each square member to join. A plurality of cotters are interposed on the joining surfaces of the square bars arranged in the thickness direction,
The wooden beam according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the cotter is made of wood and the fiber direction thereof coincides with the fiber direction of the square member. Square members are also joined in the thickness direction of the square members joined in the material axis direction,
Two or more square members arranged in the thickness direction are joined by fastening with bolts and nuts,
4. The wooden beam according to claim 3, wherein the shaft of the bolt is inserted into two or more square members arranged in the thickness direction and a through-hole penetrating the cotter.   The two square bars adjacent in the thickness direction have a bonding surface with the square bars adjacent in the axis direction shifted by a predetermined distance in the axis direction. The wooden beam according to any one of the items. A wooden beam in which a plurality of square members are joined together in the thickness direction and the width direction,
A first auxiliary iron plate straddling two or more square bars arranged in the thickness direction, and a second auxiliary iron plate straddling two or more square bars arranged in the width direction,
The first auxiliary iron plate is interposed between adjacent square members in the width direction, and the second auxiliary iron plate is disposed at the lower end in the thickness direction,
Two or more square members arranged in the thickness direction are joined by inserting a bolt shaft into a through hole penetrating the square members and the second auxiliary iron plate, and fastening with a nut.
Two or more square bars arranged in the width direction are joined to each other by inserting a bolt shaft into a through hole penetrating the square bars and the first auxiliary iron plate and fastening with a nut. A wooden beam in which a plurality of square members are joined together in the thickness direction and the width direction,
A first auxiliary iron plate straddling two or more square bars arranged in the thickness direction, and a second auxiliary iron plate straddling two or more square bars arranged in the width direction,
The first auxiliary iron plate is interposed between adjacent square members in the width direction, and the second auxiliary iron plate is disposed below the neutral surface in the thickness direction,
Two or more square members arranged in the thickness direction are joined by inserting a bolt shaft into a through hole penetrating the square members and the second auxiliary iron plate, and fastening with a nut.
Two or more square bars arranged in the width direction are joined to each other by inserting a bolt shaft into a through hole penetrating the square bars and the first auxiliary iron plate and fastening with a nut.

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