JP2014017918A - Stator winding - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a stator winding that, in a structure in which a plurality of volute coils having two layers of an inner circumferential side and an outer circumferential side are arranged in an odd number of rows, has both end portions led out from the outer circumferential layer while maintaining a comparable coil end height to an even row arrangement.SOLUTION: The stator winding is formed of a rectangular wire and concentratedly wound on a tooth of a stator core, and comprises a plurality of rows of volute coils having a two-layer structure of an inner circumferential layer and an outer circumferential layer. The stator winding starts to wind in the outer circumferential layer. The volute coils have a crossover from an odd-numbered row to the next even-numbered row in the inner circumferential layer, and a crossover from the even-numbered row to the next odd-numbered row in the outer circumferential layer. In the case of the volute coils having an odd number of rows, the inner circumferential layer of the penultimate row (Row 2k) is crossover-connected to the inner circumferential layer of the last row (Row 2k+1), a terminal end of the inner circumferential layer of the last row (Row 2k+1) is crossover-connected back to the outer circumferential layer of the penultimate row (Row 2k), and the outer circumferential layer of the penultimate row (Row 2k) is crossover-connected to the outer circumferential layer of the last row (Row 2k+1).

Description

  The present invention relates to a stator winding formed by a rectangular wire and concentratedly wound on a tooth of a stator core.

  2. Description of the Related Art As a stator that constitutes a rotating electrical machine, a configuration is known that includes a stator core in which a plurality of teeth are protruded in a radial direction from an inner peripheral surface, and a stator winding wound around each tooth by concentrated winding. In addition, a structure in which the stator winding is wound in a plurality of rows in a plurality of layers to form a so-called aligned winding is also known.

  For example, Patent Document 1 describes a stator winding formed by winding a plurality of rectangular wires in a plurality of rows and a plurality of layers in a concentrated manner on each of a plurality of teeth provided at intervals in the circumferential direction of the stator core. Yes. The stator winding includes a spiral coil in which a rectangular wire is wound in a plurality of layers for each of a plurality of rows along the radial direction of the stator core. The spiral coils adjacent in the radial direction of the stator are connected to each other between the inner peripheral side ends or the outer peripheral side ends.

  Patent Document 2 discloses a structure of the stator winding described in Patent Document 1, and the number of layers of the coil end portion on one side with respect to the number of layers of the insertion portion in which the stator winding is inserted into a slot between adjacent teeth. It is described to increase the number.

JP 2005-102477 A International Publication No. 2011/001736 Pamphlet

  When concentrated winding stator windings are wound in a plurality of rows in a plurality of layers, the winding length can be shortened by connecting adjacent spiral coils between the inner peripheral ends or the outer peripheral ends. On the other hand, if the plurality of layers are two layers and the total number of rows in the plurality of rows is an odd number, when the winding start is the outer circumferential layer of the first row, the end of the winding becomes the inner circumferential layer. The winding start side end and winding end side end of the stator winding need to be led out of the coil end of the stator winding and connected to another conductor such as a bus bar. On the other hand, when the winding end side end becomes the inner peripheral layer of the final row as described above, after bending from the inner peripheral layer at the bent portion and extending toward the rotor side, another bent portion toward the coil end side It is necessary to bend and form. Therefore, the end of the stator winding on the rotor side protrudes to the rotor side, and there is room for improvement in terms of avoiding interference with the rotor.

  Further, it is conceivable that the rotor side end portion is derived from the outer peripheral layer of the final row even if the total number of rows is an odd number by increasing the number of layers of the vortex coils in some rows than the total number of other rows. However, in this case, the coil end heights of the coil ends on both sides of the stator windings are larger than in the case of the even-numbered row arrangement in which the total number of rows is even. In addition, the space factor of the stator winding in a slot formed between adjacent teeth of the stator may be deteriorated.

  It is an object of the present invention to provide a stator winding having a configuration in which two layers of spiral coils of an inner peripheral layer and an outer peripheral layer are arranged in an odd number of rows, and the coil end height is maintained at the same level as in the case of an even number of rows. In addition, both ends of the stator winding can be derived from the outer peripheral layer while preventing the space factor from deteriorating in the slot.

  The stator winding according to the present invention is a stator winding formed of a rectangular wire and concentratedly wound on the teeth of the stator core, and is composed of a plurality of rows of spiral coils having a two-layer structure of an inner peripheral layer and an outer peripheral layer. The winding start of the stator winding is the outer peripheral layer, and the transition from the odd-numbered row to the even-numbered row of the spiral coil is performed between the inner peripheral layers, and the transition from the even-numbered row to the odd-numbered row is performed between the outer peripheral layers. However, when the spiral coil is an odd-numbered row, k is a natural number, and the inner circumferential layer of the previous row (2k row) is connected to the inner circumferential layer of the last row (2k + 1 row) from the last row (2k + 1 row). The end of the inner circumferential layer of the row (2k + 1 row) is connected back to the outer layer of the previous row (2k row), and the outer layer of this front row (2k row) is connected to the outer layer of the last row (2k + 1 row). The winding start end and winding end of the stator winding A stator winding, characterized in that it is withdrawn from the peripheral layer of the spiral coil.

  According to the stator winding according to the present invention, the two-layered spiral coils of the inner circumferential layer and the outer circumferential layer are provided side by side in a plurality of odd-numbered rows, and the transition from the odd-numbered rows to the even-numbered rows of the spiral coils In addition, the transition from the even number column to the odd number column is performed between the outer peripheral layers, but when the spiral coil is an odd number row, the inner peripheral layer of the previous row (2k + 1 row) is one row before the last row (2k + 1 row). The last row (2k + 1 row) is connected to the inner circumferential layer, and the end of the inner row of the last row (2k + 1 row) is connected back to the outer row of the previous row (2k row), and this previous row (2k row) The outer peripheral layers are connected to the outer peripheral layer of the last row (2k + 1 row). For this reason, both end portions of the stator winding can be led out from the outer peripheral layer. In addition, since it is not necessary to increase the number of layers in some columns as compared with the even-numbered row arrangement, the coil end height can be maintained at the same level as in the even-numbered row arrangement, and the space factor in the slot can be maintained. Deterioration can be prevented.

It is a schematic sectional drawing which shows the whole stator containing the stator winding | coil which is embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view of the stator winding | coil which is embodiment of this invention. FIG. 3 is a front view of the stator winding shown in FIG. 2. It is AA sectional drawing of FIG. It is BB sectional drawing of FIG. It is a schematic diagram which shows the state which wound the stator winding | coil which is embodiment of this invention around the teeth. It is a figure corresponding to FIG. 6 which shows the state which wound the stator winding | coil of the comparative example around the teeth. It is a perspective view which shows the stator winding | coil of the comparative example of FIG.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 6. First, a stator configured using the stator winding of the present embodiment will be described. FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a stator including a stator winding according to the present embodiment. The stator 10 includes a stator core 12 made of a magnetic material formed in a substantially cylindrical shape, and a plurality of stator windings 14. The stator core 12 can be a laminated steel plate mold, a split core mold, or a magnetic powder compaction mold. A plurality of teeth 16 protrude in the radial direction from the inner peripheral surface of the stator core 12. The plurality of teeth 16 are provided at intervals in the circumferential direction of the inner peripheral surface of the stator core 12, and a slot 18 is formed between adjacent teeth 16.

  The stator winding 14 is wound by concentrated winding, one for each tooth 16. The stator winding 14 is provided with a plurality of phases, for example, three phases, and the stator windings 14 of the same phase are connected in series by a conductor such as a bus bar (not shown). The three-phase stator windings 14 are also connected at a neutral point.

  A rotating electric machine used as a motor or a generator is configured by arranging a rotor (not shown) on the radially inner side of the stator 10.

  Next, an odd number of spiral coils used in the stator 10 will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 2 to 6, and in the disclosed embodiment, two layers and five rows of stator windings 14 will be described in detail. FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the stator winding of the present embodiment. FIG. 3 is a front view of the stator winding shown in FIG. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the stator winding 14 is formed by winding a rectangular wire, which is a conductor wire in which a conductor wire having a rectangular cross section is covered with an insulating layer, in two layers, an inner peripheral layer and an outer peripheral layer. It is formed by winding the vortex coils in five odd rows.

  That is, the stator winding 14 includes five rows of spiral coils U1, U2,... U5 provided side by side in the radial direction of the stator core 12. Each of the spiral coils U1, U2,... U5 includes a turn portion T1, T2,. Each spiral coil has an outer peripheral layer such as a turn portion T10 provided outside an inner peripheral layer such as the turn portion T8.

  4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB in FIG. As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the plurality of spiral coils U <b> 1, U <b> 2,... U <b> 5 arranged side by side in the radial direction of the stator 10 have an odd number of five. 2 to 5, the turn portions are indicated by T1, T2,... T10. The first turn of winding from the outer periphery is T1, and this turn portion T1 is the inner turn as the second turn portion T2. In the following, similarly, it is wound up to the turn portion T10. As shown in FIG. 2, the winding start side end PS is formed at the winding start turn portion T1, and the winding end side end PG is formed at the winding end turn portion T10. Both ends PS and PG are led out from the stator winding 14. Such a stator winding 14 is formed by edgewise bending or flatwise bending with a winding mechanism (not shown).

  The stator winding 14 is wound around the teeth 16 by being fitted to the teeth 16 (FIG. 1) of the stator core 12 via an insulator (not shown). Note that the stator winding 14 can also be wound directly around the teeth 16 provided with the insulator of the stator core 12 by using a winding mechanism (not shown).

  FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing a state where the stator winding 14 of this embodiment is wound around the teeth 16. Hereinafter, the same elements as those illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 5 are denoted by the same reference numerals for description. FIG. 6 shows a cross section of one stator winding 14 wound around one tooth 16. Reference numerals T1, T2,..., T10 indicating turn portions are attached in squares around the teeth 16. They are arranged from the beginning of winding to the end of winding in the order of T1, T2... T10. The arrow toward the turn part T1 and the arrow coming out of the turn part T10 in FIG. 6 indicate the winding start side end PS and the winding end side end PG, respectively. In FIG. 6, two winding start side ends PS and two winding end ends PG are shown, but in actuality, only one of each is used to start the winding start side end PS (or winding end side end PG) and To do. The spiral coils U1, U2,..., U5 each consisting of two layers of turn portions are provided in five rows which are odd rows in the stator radial direction.

  In FIG. 6, the arrows shown between the turn portions T1, T2,... T10 indicate that the turn portions are connected in order from the beginning of winding to the end of winding. That is, the connection between the odd-numbered rows U1 (or U3) and the even-numbered rows U2 (or U4) of the spiral coils is connected between the inner peripheral layers. In addition, the crossover connection from the even-numbered row U2 (or U4) to the odd-numbered row U3 (or U5) is connected between the outer peripheral layers. This transition connection is a basic transition rule in the stator winding which is the premise of the present invention.

  However, the inner circumferential layer of the fourth spiral coil U4 that is one row before the last row (generally expressed as 2k + 1 row) (2k row) is wound around the outer circumferential layer of the same row without following the above basic rule. Instead, they are connected across the inner circumferential layer of the fifth row of spiral coils U5, which is the last row (2k + 1 row). Further, the end of the inner peripheral layer of the spiral coil U5 in the last row (2k + 1 row) is returned and connected to the outer peripheral layer of the fourth row of spiral coils U4 as the previous row (2k). This is also different from the basic transition rule described above. Further, the outer circumferential layer of the front row (2k row) is connected to the outer circumferential layer of the spiral coil U5 which is the last row (2k + 1 row). Then, by the transition connection of the present invention that deviates from this transition basic rule, both ends of the winding start side end PS and the winding end side end PG can be derived from the outer peripheral layer.

  Next, the winding procedure of the stator winding 14 will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. As shown in FIGS. 2, 4, and 5, the turn portion T1 of the first turn provided with the winding start side end PS is wound around the outer peripheral layer of the first row of spiral coils U1, and then the spiral coil U1. The turn part T2 of the second turn of the inner peripheral layer is wound along the inner periphery of the turn part T1. In this case, the turn part T1 of the first turn is a part indicated by T1 → T2 in FIG. 4 and shifts to the turn part T2 of the second turn. Hereinafter, T2 → T3, T3 → T4... Have the same meaning. 2 and 3 indicate the direction from the beginning of winding to the end of winding.

  The turn part T2 of the second turn is connected to the beginning of the turn part T3 of the third turn at the end of the winding by a transition indicated by T2 → T3 in FIG. In this case, the first row of vortex coils U1 and the second row of vortex coils U2 are connected to each other by the inner circumferential layers, thereby forming the first transition.

  After the turn portion T3 of the third turn is wound on the inner peripheral layer, the turn portion T4 of the fourth turn is wound on the outer peripheral layer along the outer periphery of the turn portion T3 to form the second row of spiral coils U2. .

  The turn part T4 of the fourth turn is connected to the beginning of the turn of the turn part T5 of the fifth turn at the end of the winding by a transition indicated by T4 → T5 in FIG. In this case, the second row of vortex coils U2 and the third row of vortex coils U3 are connected by the outer peripheral layers to form a second transition. As described above, in the stator winding according to the present invention, the transition from the odd-numbered columns to the even-numbered columns of the spiral coils is performed between the inner peripheral layers, and the transition from the even-numbered columns to the odd-numbered columns is performed between the outer peripheral layers. Is called.

  Thereafter, winding and crossing are repeated in the same manner. As shown in FIG. 4, the transition portion of each turn portion T1, T2... T10, that is, the transition is performed at a common coil end portion of each spiral coil, and the space factor of the stator winding 14 in the slot 18 is obtained. The length of each turn part T1, T2,... T10 can be ensured without deteriorating.

  In addition, the fourth row of vortex coils U4 in the illustrated example, which is one row before the last row (2k rows), and the fifth row of vortex coils U5 in the illustrated example, which are the last row (2k + 1 rows), It is wound as follows.

  First, the turn portion T7 of the inner circumferential layer of the fourth row of vortex coils U4 is not connected to the turn portion of the outer circumference layer of the vortex coil U4, and the inner portion of the fifth row of vortex coils U5 is the last row (2k + 1 row). Connected to the surrounding layer, a crossover is formed. In the illustrated example, the turn portion T7 of the inner circumferential layer of the fourth row of vortex coils U4 is shown as the turn portion T8 of the inner circumference layer of the fifth row of vortex coils U5, and is shown by T7 → T8 in FIGS. Connected in part.

  Next, after the turn portion T8 is wound on the inner circumferential layer of the fifth row, the turn portion T8 is connected to the turn portion T9 of the outer circumferential layer of the fourth row spiral coil U4 at a portion indicated by T8 → T9. And a crossover is formed. Then, the turn portion T9 of the outer peripheral layer is wound along the outer periphery of the turn portion T7 of the inner peripheral layer of the fourth row, and the spiral coil U4 of the fourth row is formed.

  Finally, after the turn portion T9 is wound on the outer circumferential layer of the fourth row, the turn portion T9 is connected to the turn portion T10 of the outer circumferential layer of the fifth row spiral coil U5 at a portion indicated by T9 → T10. A transition is formed. Then, the turn portion T10 of the outer peripheral layer is wound along the outer periphery of the turn portion T8 of the inner peripheral layer of the fifth row, and the spiral coil U5 of the fifth row is formed. A winding end side end portion PG which is an end portion of the turn portion T10 is led out of one coil end.

  According to such a configuration, the inner circumferential layer of the even-numbered row (U4 in the illustrated example) immediately before the last row is not wound in the same row, and the inner circumference of the odd-numbered row (U5 in the illustrated example) The inner peripheral layer of this odd-numbered column (U5 in the illustrated example) is connected to the outer peripheral layer of the even-numbered column (U4 in the illustrated example). In the illustrated example, it is connected to the outer peripheral layer of U5). For this reason, even though the stator winding 14 has two layers and five rows that are odd rows, both ends of the winding start and end of the stator winding 14 can be derived from the outer peripheral layer. As a result, it is possible to prevent the winding end side end portion PG that is the rotor side end portion from jumping out to the rotor side, and to effectively prevent interference with the rotor.

  In addition, it is not necessary to increase the number of layers of some columns as compared to the case of an even number column arrangement in which the total number of columns is an even number, and the number of turns is not restricted. Therefore, the coil end heights H1 and H2 shown in FIG. 3 can be maintained at the same level as in the case of the even-numbered row arrangement, and the space factor of the stator winding 14 in the slot 18 (FIG. 1) can be prevented from deteriorating. . For example, the coil end height H1 on one side (the lower side in FIGS. 2 to 4) can be maintained for two layers as in the case of the even-numbered row arrangement.

  Further, in the present embodiment, unlike the above-described basic rule, as shown by T8 → T9 in FIGS. 2 and 4, the turn portion T8 of the outer peripheral layer of the fourth row from the turn portion T8 of the inner row of the fifth row. 4 at the upper coil end in FIG. 4, the outer side of the portion (T7 → T8 portion) that is transferred from the turn portion T7 of the inner circumferential layer of the fourth row to the turn portion T8 of the inner circumference layer of the fifth row. I let it pass. For this reason, the transition portion overlaps between the fourth and fifth rows of coil ends. On the other hand, in the example of FIGS. 2 to 5, each turn part T1 is used for the purpose of securing the length of each turn part T1, T2,... T10 without deteriorating the space factor in the slot 18. , T2... T10, the transition transition portion, that is, the connection portion is concentrated on the coil end on the other side (the upper side in FIGS. 2 to 4). Unlike such a configuration, in order to maintain two layers and to secure the length of each turn part, the crossing parts of adjacent rows do not overlap in the arrangement direction of the rows. It is conceivable to shift the transition portion in the circumferential direction of the stator winding 14. However, in this case, a transition portion is also arranged in the slot 18, and a gap in the slot 18 becomes large, so that the space factor is deteriorated. According to the configuration in which the transition portions are concentrated on the coil ends shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, such inconvenience does not occur. Instead, in this configuration, the coil end height H2 (FIG. 3) on the other side is increased by one layer because it has three layers. By connecting from the turn part T8 to the turn part T9 as described above, an overlap of the transition transition part is formed at the coil end. The overlap of the transition transition part is accommodated in three layers. This does not increase the coil end height H2 on the other side. For this reason, the coil end height H2 on the other side can be maintained the same as in the case of the even-numbered row arrangement.

  Further, since there is no restriction on the number of turns, there is no need to make adjustments for output shortage, current increase, etc. due to an increase in the number of turns, and deterioration of the rotating electrical machine characteristics can be prevented.

  Unlike the present embodiment, a comparative example is conceivable in which one layer is wound in the stator radial direction from the base side to the tip side of the teeth 16, and the second layer is wound when reaching the tip. In this comparative example, since the winding start side end and the winding end side end where the potential difference increases are close, it is difficult to ensure insulation with an inexpensive coating. In the present embodiment, the winding start side end PS and the winding end side end PG can be greatly separated, and the insulation can be improved.

  FIG. 7 is a view corresponding to FIG. 6 and showing a state in which a stator winding of another comparative example is wound around a tooth. FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing a stator winding of the comparative example of FIG. The symbols in the squares and the meanings of the arrows representing the respective turn portions T1, T2,... T10 in FIG. In the comparative example shown in FIG. 7, the spiral coils U <b> 1, U <b> 2,... U <b> 4 that are adjacent in the radial direction of the stator are simply connected from the inner peripheral layers to the next in the radial direction. The adjacent spiral coils U2, U3,..., U5 are connected by the outer peripheral layers, and this is repeated. In this comparative example, the turn portion T10 that is the end of the winding of the fifth row of the spiral coil U5 is an inner peripheral layer, so that the bent portion extends from the tip side of the tooth 16 toward the rotor side (lower side in FIG. 7). After being bent, it is necessary to bend it at another bending portion toward the coil end side and lead it to the outside.

  As shown in FIG. 8, in the stator winding 14 of this comparative example, in order to prevent interference with the rotor, a bending process with a small curvature radius is performed in the step of forming the end portion PG at the end of winding. , It is necessary to perform twice at the bent portion surrounded by the circle of V2. For this reason, it becomes a cause which the physique and winding length of a coil end increase. If the radius of curvature at the time of bending is excessively reduced, the coating of the conductor wire is deteriorated and the insulation performance is deteriorated. Therefore, with respect to the width dimension between the inside and outside of the conductor wire formed by bending. It is desirable to secure a radius of curvature that is several times larger. On the other hand, increasing the radius of curvature leads to a further increase in the size and winding length of the coil end. According to this embodiment, since bending can be reduced, such inconvenience does not occur.

  In the above description, the total number of columns is set to 5. However, the total number of columns may be an odd number, and the number is not limited. For example, the total number of columns can be 3, 7, 9, etc.

  10 stators, 12 stator cores, 14 stator windings, 16 teeth, 18 slots.

Claims (1)

A stator winding formed by a flat wire and concentratedly wound on the teeth of the stator core,
Consists of multiple rows of spiral coils consisting of a two-layer structure of inner and outer layers,
The winding start of the stator winding is the outer layer,
Crossing from the odd-numbered row to the even-numbered row of the spiral coil is performed between the inner circumferential layers, and from the even-numbered row to the odd-numbered row is performed between the outer circumferential layers,
When the spiral coil is an odd number of rows, k is a natural number,
The inner circumferential layer of the last row (2k + 1 column) is connected to the inner circumferential layer of the last row (2k + 1 column) before the last row (2k + 1 row), and the end of the inner circumferential layer of this last row (2k + 1 row) is the front row (2k). The outer layer of the previous row (2k row) is connected to the outer layer of the last row (2k + 1 row),
A stator winding characterized in that both a winding start end portion and a winding end end portion of the stator winding are drawn from the outer peripheral layer of the spiral coil.

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