JP2014004288A - Wheel chair - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a wheel chair which allows a user to easily get on and off the wheel chair, and also allows the labor of a helper to be reduced.SOLUTION: A wheel chair 1 includes a frame 2 to which a wheel 3 is attached, and a seat 4 attached to the frame. The seat is provided movably between a storage position positioned inside the frame and a projection position positioned outside the frame, and the seat is provided with load support means for supporting the load on the seat at the time of its movement.

Description

  The present invention relates to a wheelchair, and more particularly to a wheelchair that facilitates getting on and off and transferring to other places.

  In general, a disabled person or an elderly person who has difficulty in walking often uses a wheelchair as a moving means.

  The wheelchair is provided with a backrest and a pair of armrests, and covers the user from its back to both sides, thereby maintaining the posture of the user and preventing inadvertent falling off (Patent Document 1). .

JP 2000-33103 A

  By the way, as mentioned above, since the conventional wheelchair has a structure surrounding the user's rear and both sides, when the user gets on and off the wheelchair, it is limited to getting on and off from the opened front. .

  Here, assuming the case of moving from a wheelchair to a bed or the like, the safest and easiest movement is to place the wheelchair next to the bed, move from the wheelchair to the side and move to the bed.

  However, since there is an armrest on the side of the wheelchair, the lateral movement described above is obstructed by the armrest, and the user is forced to move to the bed after standing up in front of the wheelchair. Yes.

In addition, users who cannot get on and off by themselves often have to get on and off with the help of an assistant.
And when an assistant performs assistance, it is common to stand on the side of the person being assisted and to support the upper body of the care recipient from the side.

  However, as described above, in the conventional wheelchair, the back and both sides of the user are surrounded, so it is difficult for the assistant to assist from the side of the person being assisted. Being bent forward so as to avoid the lower body of the caregiver and assisting by holding the upper body of the person being assisted from the front, this also increases the labor burden of the caregiver.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described conventional problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a wheelchair that makes it easy for a user to get on and off and can reduce the labor of an assistant.

  The wheelchair according to claim 1 of the present invention is a wheelchair comprising a frame that constitutes a structure and wheels are mounted, and a seat attached to the frame, and the seat is located inside the frame. The seat is provided so as to be movable between a storage position that is positioned and a protruding position that is positioned outside the frame, and the seat is provided with load support means for supporting a load applied to the seat during the movement. It is characterized by having.

  By setting it as such a structure, the user can sit down on a wheelchair in the state in which the said seat is in the storage position of a flame | frame, and the state in the protrusion position.

  When the seat is in the stowed position, the user is seated so as to bend backwards after facing backwards in front of the wheelchair, and can be dismounted by the reverse operation, similar to a conventional wheelchair. Can be used.

  When the seat is in the projecting position, the user is seated in the projecting seat and then moved to the inside of the wheelchair frame together with the seat and seated in the normal seating position. You can get off by reverse movement.

  Here, the user gets on and off at a position where the seat protrudes from the frame. At this time, since the periphery of the seat is opened in almost all directions, armrests and the like are obstructed. It is possible to get on and off from the front and both sides of the seat.

  Therefore, the user can get on and off the wheelchair by sliding on the wheelchair while lying on the bed, for example, and can easily get on and off the wheelchair.

  On the other hand, even when assistance is required, when the passenger gets in and out of the wheelchair, not only the front of the person being assisted but also both sides are open, so that the person who cares for the upper part of the person being assisted Assistance can be performed from the department, and thus the assistance operation can be performed smoothly and easily.

  And when moving the seat with the user on it, the load of the weight of the user is always supported by the load support means provided on the seat, so that the balance of the wheelchair is lost when getting on and off There is nothing.

  The wheelchair according to claim 2 of the present invention is characterized in that the load support means according to claim 1 is provided so as to be housed inside the frame.

By adopting such a configuration, it is possible to hold the load support means that is not required when the wheelchair is moved away from the floor surface, and a load support function and a traveling function by wheels and casters that are provided as standard. And can be secured.
Therefore, the posture stability and operability of the wheelchair during movement are not hindered.

  Further, by pulling out the load support means and contacting the floor surface when getting on and off, it is possible to prevent the balance of the wheelchair from being lost due to the change of the load position due to the movement of the seat.

  The wheelchair according to claim 3 of the present invention is characterized in that the load supporting means according to claim 1 is detachably provided.

By setting it as such a structure, the weight increase at the time of normal use, such as the time of the movement by a wheelchair, can be reduced, and the operativity can be ensured.
Here, since the place to get on and off from the wheelchair is limited to some extent, the convenience of getting on and off described above is not impaired even if the load supporting means is not always carried.

  The wheelchair according to claim 4 of the present invention is movable in a direction crossing the moving direction of the seat in the state in which the seat is positioned at the protruding position. It is characterized in that auxiliary seats are provided in a superimposed manner.

  By setting it as such a structure, the movable range in the state which the user sat down from the stop position of the said wheelchair can be enlarged.

  In the wheelchair according to claim 5 of the present invention, the seat according to any one of claims 1 to 4 is provided with a rotation mechanism that supports the seating portion so as to be rotatable in a substantially horizontal plane. It is characterized by being.

  With such a configuration, the degree of freedom of the direction of the user when getting on and off is increased, and the getting on and off operation can be facilitated.

  A wheelchair according to claim 6 of the present invention is characterized in that the seat according to any one of claims 1 to 5 is detachably provided on the frame.

  By adopting such a configuration, only the seat can be produced independently, and it is possible to move without changing the basic structural part of the wheelchair by exchanging the seat part of the wheelchair with a fixed seat. Can be equipped with a special seat.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to get on and off in a state where the seat is moved forward of the frame of the wheelchair, thereby increasing the degree of freedom in the direction of getting on and off and facilitating the operation, and also the assistance work by the assistant Labor can be reduced.

It is an external appearance perspective view of one Embodiment of this invention. It is an external appearance perspective view of one Embodiment of this invention. It is a disassembled perspective view of the principal part of one Embodiment of this invention. It is a front view of the principal part of one Embodiment of this invention. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the principal part for demonstrating operation | movement of one Embodiment of this invention. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the principal part for demonstrating operation | movement of one Embodiment of this invention. It is an enlarged side view of the principal part for demonstrating operation | movement of one Embodiment of this invention. It is a side view of the principal part for demonstrating operation | movement of one Embodiment of this invention. It is a disassembled perspective view which shows the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is an expanded longitudinal cross-sectional view of the principal part which shows the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is an external appearance perspective view which shows the 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is an external appearance perspective view which shows the 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is an external appearance perspective view which shows the 4th Embodiment of this invention. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the principal part which shows the 5th Embodiment of this invention.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
In these drawings, reference numeral 1 denotes a wheelchair according to the present embodiment. The wheelchair 1 includes a frame 2 as a strength member constituting the structure, and wheels 3 rotatably mounted on both sides of the frame 2. And a seat 4 attached to the frame 2 between the wheels 3, and a seating position where the seat 4 is positioned inside the frame 2 and a protruding position where the seat 4 is positioned outside the frame 2 The seat 4 is provided with load support means 5 for supporting a load applied to the seat 4 during the movement.

  A pair of the frames 2 are provided in the width direction of the wheelchair 1, and each of the frames 2 is provided so as to be substantially horizontal at the center, and a seat mounting portion 2a on which the seat 4 is mounted, and the seat mounting portion 2a. A backrest mounting portion 2b extending vertically upward from the rear portion and a footrest mounting portion 2c extending diagonally downward from the front portion of the seat mounting portion 2a are schematically configured.

  The two frames 2 are connected to each other by a plurality of connecting rods arranged along the width direction of the wheelchair 1 or a foldable connecting mechanism (all not shown) to form a strong structure. It is supposed to be.

  Each of the seat mounting portions 2a is integrally provided with an armrest 6 at a position spaced apart upward, and grips 7 extending rearward are provided on both sides of the upper end of each backrest mounting portion 2b. Moreover, a rotatable footrest 8 is mounted on the lower end portion of the footrest mounting portion 2c.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, the seat 4 mounted between the seat mounting portions 2a is formed in a substantially U-shape with the front opened, and is fixed to the seat mounting portion 2a. And a movable plate 4b mounted between the guide members 4a so as to be movable back and forth, and a sheet 4c attached to the upper surface of the movable plate 4b.

  The guide member 4a has a pair of parallel portions arranged along the front-rear direction as guide rails R, and a guide groove 9 is formed over the entire length at positions facing each other (FIG. 3). To FIG. 6).

  The movable plate 4b is formed in a rectangular shape that is substantially the same shape as the inner peripheral shape of the guide member 4a, and is rolled into the guide grooves 9 formed in the guide rail R on both side surfaces thereof. A plurality of rollers 10 that are movably fitted are rotatably mounted (see FIGS. 3 to 6).

  By fitting the roller 10 and the guide rail R, the movable plate 4b is supported so as to be movable in the front-rear direction with respect to the guide member 4a.

  Further, as will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 5 and 6, through holes 11 penetrating the guide groove 9 in the vertical direction are formed at two positions at intervals in the front-rear direction at the front portion of each guide rail R. In addition, a locking pin 12 that is selectively fitted into any of these through holes 11 from above and closes the guide groove 9 is detachably attached.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the through-hole 11 formed in the front has the locking pin 12 fitted in the through-hole 11 in a state where the movable plate 4 b is positioned at the storage position described above. The through-hole 11 formed at the rear of the roller 10 mounted on the side surface of the movable plate 4b is engaged with the most advanced roller 10 as shown in FIG. In a state where the movable plate 4b is positioned at the above-described protruding position, the movable plate 4b is engaged with one of the rollers 10 and a plurality of the rollers 10 are regulated to be positioned a predetermined distance rearward from the tip of the guide rail R. It is provided in the position to do.

  The load support means 5 is mounted at the front of the lower part of the movable plate 4b and substantially in the center in the width direction. In the present embodiment, the load support means 5 is supported in the vertical direction from the movable plate 4b, and the movable plate. It is rotated between two positions with respect to the storage position jumped up to the rear of 4b and is held at each position.

  More specifically, the load support means 5 includes a shock absorber 13 biased in the extending direction, and one end of the shock absorber 13 is a pair of stays 14 integrally provided on the lower surface of the movable plate 4b. A roller 15 that is pivotably connected to the other end and is brought into contact with the floor surface in a state of being positioned at the above-described support position is rotatably attached to the other end portion via a bracket 16. Yes.

  Further, on the lower surface of the movable plate 4b, the stay 14 of the movable plate 4b is placed in the storage direction side of the movable plate 4b, as shown in FIGS. A pair of cam plates 17 are attached at predetermined intervals and along the moving direction of the movable plate 4b.

  As shown in FIGS. 3, 7, and 8, cam grooves 17a are formed in these cam plates 17 along the moving direction of the movable plate 4b. A cam follower 18 slidably fitted to 17 a is attached, and the cam follower 18 and the shock absorber 13 are connected via a connecting rod 19.

  In the present embodiment, the cam follower 18 is formed in a columnar shape, and is capable of rotating around the axis with respect to the cam plate 17, whereby the cam follower 18 is connected to the cam follower 18. The connecting rod 19 can swing in the vertical plane with respect to the cam plate 17.

  On the other hand, the other end of the connecting rod 19 is rotatably connected to the shock absorber 13 via a pin 20 attached to the side surface of the shock absorber 13, as shown in FIGS. Yes.

  In addition, a locking groove 17b that extends obliquely upward and rearward from the cam groove 17a is continuously provided at an end of the cam groove 17a in the protruding direction of the movable plate 4b.

Further, a set spring 21 that urges the cam follower 18 rearward in the protruding direction of the movable plate 4b is stretched between the rear portion of the cam plate 17 and the cam follower 18. .
Accordingly, the cam follower 18 is constantly urged toward the rear of the cam plate 17.

  Next, a method of using the wheelchair 1 according to this embodiment configured as described above will be described.

  During normal use, the movable plate 4b is positioned in the storage position, and the locking pin 12 is inserted into the through hole 11 formed on the distal end side of each guide rail R, and the cam The follower 18 is moved from the locking groove 17b to the cam groove 17a.

  As a result, the locking pin 12 is engaged with the roller 10 located in front of the roller 10 provided on the movable plate 4b from the front side, whereby the movable plate 4b, that is, the sheet 4c. However, as shown in FIG. 1, it is fixed at the storage position described above.

  Further, the cam follower 18 positioned on the cam groove 17a side is pulled backward by a set spring 21, and accordingly, the shock absorber 13 connected to the cam follower 18 via the connecting rod 19 is provided. It is rotated around a stay 14 provided on the movable plate 4b, and is held in a state of being stored below the rotating plate 4b.

  In this state, getting on and off from the front of the wheelchair 1 is performed, and movement in the state of being on the wheelchair 1 is performed.

  Next, an operation method in the case of getting on and off of a user (assistant person) who needs assistance will be described.

  When the person being assisted is seated on the wheelchair 1, first, after removing the locking pin 12 that fixes the movable plate 4 b, the movable plate 4 b is moved in a protruding direction by a predetermined distance, and then The stop pin 12 is inserted into the guide rail R again.

Further, the shock absorber 13 provided at the lower part of the movable plate 4b is rotated forward.
By this operation, the cam follower 18 moves against the urging force of the set spring 21 as the shock absorber 13 rotates, and when the shock absorber 13 is turned to the upright state, The cam follower 18 is engaged with a locking groove 17b provided at the tip of the cam groove 17a, and the shock absorber 13 is fixed upright as shown in FIGS. And the roller 15 provided in the front-end | tip part of the said buffering device 13 is made to contact the floor surface.

  Then, when the movable plate 4b is further moved in the projecting direction, the roller 10 provided behind the movable plate 4b in the projecting direction is brought into contact with the locking pin 12, so that the movable plate 4b is As shown in FIG. 2, it is locked at a position that protrudes most from the frame 2.

  In this state, the front and both sides of the seat 4c mounted on the movable plate 4b are open, and the person being assisted can get in from three directions.

  Therefore, for example, in a state where the wheelchair 1 is placed sideways on the bed, the person being assisted can be moved from the bed to the wheelchair 1 and seated.

Further, since the caregiver can be seated while assisting the person being assisted from the lateral direction, the above-described operation can be performed with the upper body of the person being assisted supported from the side of the person being assisted.
Therefore, simple transfer is possible for both the person being assisted and the person being assisted, and the labor is reduced for the person being assisted.

  Then, after the person being assisted is transferred onto the projecting sheet 4c, the sheet 4c is moved together with the movable plate 4b toward the inside of the frame 2 by a predetermined distance, and then the locking pin 12 is moved. After the removal, the movable plate 4b is further moved to the storage position, and then the locking pin 12 is inserted into the guide rail R to lock the movable plate 4b at the storage position.

  Accordingly, when the shock absorber 13 and the connecting rod 19 of the load support means 5 are rotated so that the cam follower 18 is detached from the locking groove 17b, the cam follower 18 is moved to the set spring. By the urging force of 21, it is drawn along the cam groove 17 a, and as a result, the load supporting means 5 is accommodated.

  As a result, the person being assisted is seated at a predetermined position of the wheelchair 2 and can move.

  Here, as described above, when the person being assisted is transferred onto the seat 4 or when the frame 2 is moved to a predetermined position, a load such as the weight of the person being assisted on the movable plate 4b is always applied. Since it is supported by the load support means 5, the balance of the entire wheelchair 1 is not lost, and a stable transfer operation is possible.

On the other hand, when the person being assisted is moved from the wheelchair 1 to the other, the operation opposite to that described above may be performed.
Even in this case, the above-mentioned advantages obtained in the operation are maintained.

  Note that the shapes, dimensions, and the like of the constituent members shown in the above embodiment are merely examples, and various changes can be made based on design requirements and the like.

For example, although the example in which the load supporting means 5 can be stored inside the frame has been shown, the present invention is not limited to this, and a structure in which the load is always fixed to the position where the load is supported is possible. The load supporting means 5 can be configured to be detachable from the movable plate 4b.
In this case, since the load support means 5 is always kept in contact with the floor surface, it is preferable to change the roller 15 to a spherical body in consideration of the turning ability of the wheelchair 1 and the like.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, the seat 4 can be configured to be detachable from the frame 2.
In this case, a clamp 22 made of an elastic material is attached to the side portion of the guide member 4a constituting the seat 4 as described in detail in FIG. 10, and the seat 4 is attached to the frame 2 via the clamp 22. It is made to attach to the seat mounting part 2a.

Then, by making the seat 4 detachable as described above, the seat 4 can be individually manufactured and replaced with a fixed seat, so that the wheelchair 1 having a movable seat can be easily provided as necessary. Can be changed.
Moreover, structural changes to the main structure can be minimized.

  Further, as shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, the movable plate 4b constituting the seat 4 has a double structure in which the upper and lower movable plates 4b are vertically overlapped, and the upper movable plate 4d is arranged in a direction intersecting the moving direction of the lower movable plate 4b. It can also be movable.

The moving direction of the upper movable plate 4d can be set in both the left and right directions of the wheelchair 1 as shown by the solid line and the alternate long and short dash line in FIG.
This facilitates the operation even when the wheelchair 1 moves in the left or right direction.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 13, in place of the single load support means 5 described above, load support means 23 are provided on both front sides of the movable plate 4b. As shown in the figure, it is also possible to enable rotation in a substantially vertical plane between the load support position and the position stored inside the frame 2.

  Further, a rotation mechanism that supports the sheet 4b so as to be rotatable in a substantially horizontal plane may be provided between the movable plate 4b and the sheet 4c.

  That is, for example, as shown in FIG. 14, the thrust bearing 24 is attached to the movable plate 4b, and the rotating shaft 25 fixed to the lower surface of the seat 4c is fitted and supported on the thrust bearing 24, thereby The sheet 4c can be rotated.

  Here, in order to prevent the sheet 4c from detaching from the movable plate 4b, a retaining plate 26 that is opposed to the lower surface of the movable plate 4b is attached to the front end portion of the rotary shaft 25 by a bolt 27 or the like. It is preferable to keep it.

  Further, a locking hole 28 that opens upward is formed in a side portion of the sheet 4c of the movable plate 4b, and a locking pin 29 that is inserted into the locking hole 28 is attached to the sheet 4c. In addition, it is possible to prevent inadvertent rotation of the sheet 4c by the fitting.

  Then, by providing a plurality of the locking holes 28 at intervals in the rotation direction of the sheet 4c, the sheet 4c can be fixed at a plurality of rotation positions.

  Thereby, the direction of the user can be changed while the wheelchair 1 is fixed.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Wheelchair 2 Frame 2a Seat mounting part 2b Backrest mounting part 2c Footrest mounting part 3 Wheel 4 Seat 4a Guide member 4b Movable plate 4c Seat 4d (Upper) movable plate 5 Load support means 6 Armrest 7 Grip 8 Footrest 9 Guide groove DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Roller 11 Through-hole 12 Locking pin 13 Buffering device 14 Stay 15 Roller 16 Bracket 17 Cam plate 17a Cam groove 17b Locking groove 18 Cam follower 19 Connecting rod 20 Pin 21 Set spring 22 Clamp 23 Load support means 24 Thrust bearing 25 Rotation Shaft 26 Retaining plate 27 Bolt 28 Locking hole 29 Locking pin R Guide rail

Claims (6)

  A wheelchair comprising a structure and a frame on which a wheel is mounted, and a seat attached to the frame, wherein the seat is positioned inside the frame and positioned outside the frame The wheelchair is provided so as to be movable between two projecting positions, and is provided with load support means for supporting a load applied to the seat during the movement.   The wheelchair according to claim 1, wherein the load support means is provided so as to be housed inside the frame.   The wheelchair according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the load support means is detachably provided.   The auxiliary seat, which is movable in a direction intersecting with a moving direction of the seat in a state where the seat is located at the protruding position, is provided to overlap the seat. The wheelchair according to any one of claims 3 to 4.   The wheelchair according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the seat is provided with a rotation mechanism that rotatably supports the seating portion in a substantially horizontal plane. The wheelchair according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the seat is detachably provided on the frame.

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