JP2014002048A - Level - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a level which can measure an inclination state without being affected by the variation in size of bubbles and which can achieve the simplification of measurement work and the suppression of manufacturing costs.SOLUTION: A level 1 includes: a measurement base 2 on which a reference plane 2A having a longitudinal direction abuts on a measuring plane S; bubble tubes 5 each of which is filled with a liquid 12 and a first bubble 13A or a second bubble 13B and which are slantingly provided in a manner to be increasingly distanced from a peripheral part of the reference plane 2A in the longitudinal direction toward its center; and a sensitivity adjustment part 6 for changing an inclination angle of the bubble tubes 5 relative to the reference plane 2A.

Description

  The present invention relates to a spirit level.

  Conventionally, a scale is written on the surface of a level with a single bubble tube, and the amount of movement of the bubble accompanying the inclination of the measurement surface is read on the scale to measure the amount of inclination. This scale is expressed as 0.02 mm / m as the amount of inclination per scale = sensitivity, and the amount of inclination is measured from the amount of movement of bubbles relative to the scale.

  However, if the bubble size changes due to the temperature of the measurement environment, the change becomes a measurement error. That is, in order to accurately measure the amount of inclination, the size of the bubbles at the time of measurement must be a prescribed size. Therefore, in order to perform accurate measurement, JIS B7510 clearly states that the bubble size is adjusted so that the bubble size is the same as the measurement scale described in advance as a measurement preparation work. Therefore, the certified level is also provided with a bubble chamber for adjusting the size of the bubble (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

JP 2004-163381 A

However, the above-described conventional level needs to be checked and adjusted for the bubble size each time measurement is performed, and the bubble chamber for that purpose is an increase factor in manufacturing cost.
The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and provides a level that can measure an inclined state without being affected by a change in the size of bubbles, facilitates measurement work, and suppresses manufacturing costs. The purpose is to do.

The present invention employs the following means in order to solve the above problems.
The level according to the present invention includes a measurement base portion provided with a reference surface abutting on the measurement surface, and a liquid and bubbles enclosed therein, and the reference surface from a peripheral portion toward a center portion of the reference surface And a bubble tube disposed at a certain angle so as to be spaced apart from or closer to the reference plane.

  According to the present invention, the movement sensitivity of the bubbles inside the bubble tube can be set to a predetermined sensitivity, and the change in the bubble position can be made constant.

  In addition, the level according to the present invention is the level, and includes a sensitivity adjustment unit that varies an inclination angle of the bubble tube with respect to the reference plane.

  In this invention, if the inclination angle of the bubble tube with respect to the reference plane changes, the ease of movement of the bubble changes. Therefore, the sensitivity adjustment unit changes the inclination angle of the bubble tube to a desired angle and sets the desired measurement sensitivity. Can be adjusted.

  In addition, the level according to the present invention is the level, and when the bubble tube is viewed from the front with respect to the reference plane, the reading position of the bubble end of the bubble sandwiches the central axis of the bubble tube. It is arranged in a pair.

  According to the present invention, the amount of inclination of the measurement surface with respect to the horizontal plane in the direction orthogonal to the central axis of the bubble tube can be measured by measuring the difference from the horizontal state of the bubble end position at each reading position.

  The level according to the present invention is the level, wherein the bubble tube is divided into a first bubble tube and a second bubble tube at a central portion of the reference plane, and the bubble is the first bubble. It is arranged on each of the tube and the second bubble tube.

  According to the present invention, the bubble tube can be easily manufactured.

  The level according to the present invention is the level, wherein the bubble tube is bent or curved at or near the center of the reference surface.

  In the present invention, the inclination angle of the bubble tube with respect to the reference plane can be easily changed by rotating the bubble tube around the central axis.

  Moreover, the level according to the present invention is the level, wherein a region near the central axis of the bubble tube is depressed more than a region away from the central axis.

  Moreover, the level according to the present invention is the level described above, and a convex portion protruding inside is disposed in a region away from the central axis of the bubble tube.

  In this invention, since the area occupied by the bubble in the bubble tube becomes larger toward the outer side away from the central axis, the influence of the distortion of the bubble reading surface on the bubble end position can be suppressed and the change amount of the bubble end can be measured more accurately. Can do.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to measure an inclined state without being affected by changes in the size of bubbles, thereby facilitating measurement work and reducing manufacturing costs.

1 is an overall schematic diagram showing a level according to a first embodiment of the present invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the measuring method by the spirit level which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a principal part schematic diagram which shows the modification of the level which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a principal part schematic diagram which shows the level which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a principal part schematic diagram which shows the spirit level which concerns on the 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is a principal part schematic diagram which shows the spirit level which concerns on the 4th Embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the measuring method by the level which concerns on the 4th Embodiment of this invention. It is a principal part schematic diagram which shows the spirit level which concerns on the 5th Embodiment of this invention. It is a principal part schematic diagram which shows the level which concerns on other embodiment of this invention.

(First embodiment)
A first embodiment according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.
As shown in FIG. 1, the level 1 according to the present embodiment is movable to the measurement base 2 and the measurement base 2 provided with a reference surface 2 </ b> A that has a longitudinal direction and is in contact with the measurement surface S. The main body base 3 to be mounted, the bubble tube 5 movably mounted on the main body base 3, a sensitivity adjustment unit 6 for changing the inclination angle of the bubble tube 5 with respect to the reference surface 2A, and a sensitivity setting angle zero adjustment unit 7 and a measurement angle zero correction unit 8.

  The measurement base 2 is formed in a substantially rectangular flat plate shape. The main body base 3 is provided with a placement surface 3 </ b> A for placing the bubble tube 5 on the upper side in the vertical direction in the state of being placed on the measurement base 2. The main body base 3 is formed in a substantially rectangular shape when the placement surface 3A is viewed from the front, and the first central axis C1 in the longitudinal direction of the measurement base 2 matches the second central axis C2 in the longitudinal direction of the main body base 3. It is arranged to do.

  The bubble tube 5 is divided into a first bubble tube 10 and a second bubble tube 11 at the center in the longitudinal direction of the reference surface 2A. The first bubble tube 10 and the second bubble tube 11 are formed in a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape, and the liquid 12 and the first bubble 13A or the second bubble 13B are sealed therein, respectively.

  When the first bubble tube 10 and the second bubble tube 11 project the third center axis C3 in the longitudinal direction of the first bubble tube 10 and the second bubble tube 11 onto the reference plane 2A, the first bubble tube 10 and the second bubble tube 11 And from the reference surface 2A toward the fourth central axis C4 orthogonal to the first central axes C1 and C2 from the longitudinal peripheral edge of the reference surface 2A so as to coincide with the second central axis C2. Is arranged. As shown in FIG. 2, the upper surface in the vertical direction in the state where the first bubble tube 10 and the second bubble tube 11 are placed on the main body base 3 becomes the bubble reading surfaces 10A and 11A having a substantially rectangular shape in front view. ing.

  When the bubble reading surfaces 10A and 11A are viewed from the front with respect to the reference surface 2A, the pair of reading lines (reading positions) 15A and 15B of the bubble end 13C are parallel to each other with the third central axis C3 of the bubble tube 5 interposed therebetween. Are arranged on the bubble reading surfaces 10A and 11A. The first bubble 13A and the second bubble 13B are always formed in a size that includes a part of the pair of reading lines 15A and 15B. The pair of reading lines 15A and 15B may be virtually arranged as a measurement line by a reading sensor (not shown). Further, the pair of reading lines does not necessarily have to be parallel, and may be symmetrical with respect to the third central axis C3.

  The sensitivity adjustment unit 6 is disposed in the vicinity of the fourth central axis C4. For example, the tip is placed on the mounting surface 3A in order to increase or decrease the inclination angles of the first bubble tube 10 and the second bubble tube 11 with respect to the reference surface 2A. And an adjustment nut 6B formed with a predetermined thickness and screwed with the adjustment bolt 6A. The configuration of the sensitivity adjustment unit 6 is not limited to this, and other configurations may be used as long as the inclination angles of the first bubble tube 10 and the second bubble tube 11 with respect to the reference plane 2A can be increased or decreased. Further, the sensitivity adjustment unit 6 may be arranged only at the time of manufacture and removed at the time of shipment.

  The sensitivity setting angle zero adjustment unit 7 adjusts the inclination angle of the main body base 3 with respect to the reference surface 2 </ b> A, and is disposed on the main body base 3. The measurement angle zero correction unit 8 is arranged in the measurement base 2 to change the inclination angle of the measurement base 2 with respect to the horizontal plane.

Next, the operation of the level 1 according to the present embodiment will be described.
As shown in FIG. 2, when the bubble end position where the bubble end 13C is parallel in the horizontal plane is set as the reference position B of the bubble end 13C, the level 1 has, for example, the measurement surface S as the first central axis C1 and the second center axis C1. When it inclines in the direction orthogonal to the central axis C2, the first bubble 13A and the second bubble 13B are deformed. In other words, the bubble end 13C on the reading line 15A side approaches the reference position B, while the bubble end 13C on the reading line 15B side deforms the first bubble 13A and the second bubble 13B in a direction away from the reference position B. . When the measurement surface S is inclined in the opposite direction, the bubble end 13C on the reading line 15A side is separated from the reference position B, while the bubble end 13C on the reading line 15B side is closer to the reference position B. The first air bubble 13A and the second air bubble 13B are deformed in the direction to be moved.

  Therefore, as a measurement preparation, the adjustment bolt 6A of the sensitivity adjustment unit 6 is first rotated to increase / decrease the inclination angle of the first bubble tube 10 and the second bubble tube 11 with respect to the reference plane 2A and set the predetermined sensitivity setting angle α. . Next, even if the reference surface 2A is installed on the measurement surface S and the orientation of the main body base 3 with respect to the measurement base 2 is changed by 180 degrees, the air bubble reading surface 10A from the reference position B of the bubble end 13C of the first bubble 13A on the bubble reading surface 10A is changed. The measurement angle zero correction unit 8 is operated so that the difference amount D1 and the difference amount D2 from the reference position B of the bubble end 13C of the second bubble 13B on the bubble reading surface 11A do not change. As a result, the angle with respect to the measurement angle of the main body base 3 itself is corrected to zero.

  Subsequently, the sensitivity setting angle zero adjustment unit 7 on one longitudinal direction 16A side or the other longitudinal direction 16B side is operated so that the difference amount D1 and the difference amount D2 are the same. Thereby, the angle with respect to the measurement angle of the bubble tube 5 itself is corrected to 0, the sensitivity adjustment angle α becomes the angle from the horizontal plane, and preparations for measuring the absolute inclination angle of the measurement surface S are completed.

  Here, even if the size of the first bubble 13A and the second bubble 13B changes due to a temperature change or the like, the position of the bubble end 13C only translates in the direction of the third central axis C3 when horizontal, The difference amounts D1 and D2 at the end 13C do not change.

  At the time of tilt measurement, the amount of movement of the bubble end 13C is proportional to the amount of tilt, and the absolute amount of bubble movement is determined only by the sensitivity setting angle α. That is, the amount of inclination can be accurately measured without being affected by changes in the size of the first bubble 13A and the second bubble 13B due to the temperature.

  Thus, for example, when the sensitivity setting angle is 1 degree, by setting the inclination amount of 20/1000 to one division of the difference amounts D1 and D2 of the bubble end 13C, the inclination sensitivity per division and the bubble end are set. The absolute tilt amount can be measured from the difference amount between the positions of the two. At the time of measurement, a reading sensor (not shown) is scanned on the pair of reading lines 15A and 15B to read the position of the bubble end 13C.

  According to this level 1, the amount of inclination of the measurement surface S with respect to the horizontal plane can be measured by measuring the difference amounts D1 and D2 before and after the measurement of the position of the bubble end 13C on the pair of reading lines 15A and 15B. . At this time, by adjusting the sensitivity setting angle zero adjustment unit 7, the inclination angle of the first bubble tube 10 and the second bubble tube 11 with respect to the reference plane 2 </ b> A can be varied to adjust the sensitivity.

  In addition, since the amount of change of the bubble end 13C increases toward the ends of the first bubble tube 10 and the second bubble tube 11, the pair of reading lines 15A and 15B are arranged away from the third central axis C3. Thus, when the reference surface 2A is placed on the measurement surface S, the movement amount of the bubble end 13C in the pair of reading lines 15A and 15B can be easily read and measured with higher sensitivity.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the first bubble tube 10 and the second bubble tube 11 constituting the bubble tube 5 have a reference surface from the peripheral portion toward the center portion with the longitudinal center portion of the reference surface 2A interposed therebetween. The level 17 may be arranged in the direction approaching 2A. In this case, although the first bubble 13A and the second bubble 13B are arranged on the peripheral edge side of the reference surface 2A, the same operation and effect as the level 1 can be achieved.

(Second Embodiment)
Next, a second embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.
In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the component similar to 1st Embodiment mentioned above, and description is abbreviate | omitted.
The difference between the second embodiment and the first embodiment is that the region near the third central axis C3 of the bubble tube 21 of the level 20 according to this embodiment is more than the region away from the third central axis C3. The point is that it is depressed.

  That is, as shown in FIG. 4A, the bubble reading surface 21A of the bubble tube 21 is formed so as to be gradually deformed from both ends toward the third central axis C3. As shown in FIG. 4B, the region in the vicinity of the third central axis C3 is planar and protrudes in a region away from the third central axis C3 inside the bubble reading surface 22A of the bubble tube 22. The level 25 in which the part 23 is arranged may be used.

  According to the levels 20 and 25, the area occupied by the bubble 13 in the bubble tubes 21 and 22 becomes relatively larger as the distance from the third central axis C3 increases, so that the distortion of the bubble reading surfaces 21A and 22A moves to the bubble end position. It is possible to measure the change amount of the bubble end 13C more accurately while suppressing the influence.

(Third embodiment)
Next, a third embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.
In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the component similar to other embodiment mentioned above, and description is abbreviate | omitted.
The difference between the third embodiment and the first embodiment is that the first bubble tube 32 and the second bubble tube 33 constituting the bubble tube 31 of the level 30 according to this embodiment are formed in a substantially circular tube shape. It is a point that has been done.

  In the level 30, the measurement base 35 also serves as the function of the main body base 3 in the level 1 according to the first embodiment. That is, the mounting surface 35B is arranged on the measurement base 35 together with the reference surface 35A. The level 30 includes a measurement base zero correction unit 36 having the functions of the sensitivity setting angle zero adjustment unit 7 and the measurement angle zero correction unit 8 in the level 1.

  The reading line 37 of the bubble end 13C is arranged so as to coincide with the third central axis C3. Therefore, in this level 30, for example, when the measurement surface S is inclined in the direction of the third central axis C3, the bubble end 13C moves in the direction of the reading line 37 in parallel with the reference position B.

  Therefore, as a measurement preparation, the sensitivity adjustment unit 6 is first operated to increase or decrease the inclination angle of the first bubble tube 32 and the second bubble tube 33 with respect to the reference surface 35A to set a predetermined sensitivity setting angle α. Next, the reference surface 35A is placed on a measurement surface (not shown) and the measurement base zero correction unit 36 is operated, and the difference amount from the reference position of the bubble end 13C on the bubble reading surfaces 32A and 33A is indicated on the reading line 37. Match. As a result, the sensitivity setting angle α is an angle from the horizontal plane, the sensitivity setting angle set at the time of measurement, and the angle with respect to the measurement angle is corrected to zero.

Thus, the absolute inclination amount is measured from the inclination sensitivity and the difference amount between the positions of the bubble edges.
According to the level 30, the inclination direction of the measurement surface can be matched with the moving directions of the first bubble 13A and the second bubble 13B, and the inclination direction can be easily recognized.

(Fourth embodiment)
Next, a fourth embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS.
In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the component similar to other embodiment mentioned above, and description is abbreviate | omitted.
The difference between the fourth embodiment and the third embodiment is that the bubble tube 41 of the spirit level 40 according to this embodiment is formed by slightly bending from the straight tube state at the center in the longitudinal direction. This is the point.

  The bubble tube 41 has one bubble 42 enclosed therein. The bubble tube 41 is placed on the placement surface 35B such that the bent portion is disposed at the center in the longitudinal direction of the reference surface 35A. The bubble tube may be formed to be slightly curved from the straight tube state at the center in the longitudinal direction.

  The sensitivity adjustment unit 43 is configured to position the bubble tube 41 with respect to the placement surface 35B. When adjusting the sensitivity setting angle, first, the fixed state of the bubble tube 41 with respect to the placement surface 35B is released. Then, as shown in FIG. 7, the inclination angle of the bubble tube 41 with respect to the reference surface 35A varies by rotating the bubble tube 41 itself on the placement surface 35B. In this way, the sensitivity setting angle is adjusted by fixing again at a desired position.

  According to the level 40, the inclination angle of the bubble tube 41 with respect to the reference surface 35A can be easily changed by rotating the bubble tube 41 with respect to the placement surface 35B by the sensitivity adjusting unit 43.

(Fifth embodiment)
Next, a fifth embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.
In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the component similar to other embodiment mentioned above, and description is abbreviate | omitted.
The difference between the fifth embodiment and the first embodiment is that the first bubble tube 52 and the second bubble tube 53 constituting the bubble tube 51 of the level 50 according to the present embodiment are substantially U-shaped. The tip end sides are communicated with each other by the communication pipe 55.

  The first bubble tube 52 and the second bubble tube 53 are arranged in a direction approaching the reference surface from the peripheral portion toward the center portion with the longitudinal center portion of the reference surface (not shown) interposed therebetween. Therefore, the first bubble 13 </ b> A and the second bubble 13 </ b> B are arranged on the tip side of the first bubble tube 52 and the second bubble tube 53.

  When the bubble reading surfaces 52A and 53A are viewed from the front with respect to a reference surface (not shown), the reading lines 15A and 15B of the bubble end 13C are respectively coincident with the fifth central axis C5 and the sixth central axis C6 of the branch portion. Arranged. That is, the bubble end 13C moves in the direction of the reading lines 15A and 15B, respectively. However, for example, when the measurement surface S is inclined in the direction of the third central axis C3, the bubble end 13C moves in the same direction on the reading lines 15A and 15B, and the measurement surface (not shown) is in the third central axis. When inclined in the direction of the fourth central axis C4 orthogonal to C3, the bubble end 13C moves on the reading lines 15A and 15B in different directions.

  According to this level 50, it is possible to measure the amount of inclination of the measurement surface with the same actions and effects as the level 1 according to the first embodiment.

  The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention. For example, as shown in FIG. 9, the bubble tube 56 may be formed as a substantially H-shape integrally in a front view and bent or curved at the center of the third central axis C3. In this case, the level 57 is provided with the extending portion 58 that can be extended along the fourth central axis C4, and the bubble tube 56 is provided with the open hole 56a instead of the communication tube 55, so that the amount of inclination between the long distances is increased. Can be measured.

1, 17, 20, 25, 30, 40, 50, 57 Level 2, 35 Measurement base 2A, 35A Reference plane 5, 21, 22, 31, 41, 51, 56 Bubble tube 6 Sensitivity adjustment unit 12 Liquid 13A One bubble (bubble)
13B Second bubble (bubble)
13C Bubble end 15A, 15B, 37 Reading line (reading position)
23 Convex part 42 Bubble

The present invention employs the following means in order to solve the above problems.
The level according to the present invention includes a measurement base portion provided with a reference surface abutting on the measurement surface, and a liquid and bubbles enclosed therein, and the reference surface from a peripheral portion toward a center portion of the reference surface A bubble tube disposed at a certain angle so as to be separated from or closer to the reference plane, the bubble tube having a first bubble tube and a second bubble tube having a longitudinal central axis, The first bubble tube and the second bubble tube are connected to or opposed to each other in the vicinity of the center portion of the reference plane so that the respective longitudinal center axes coincide with each other. When the bubble tube is connected and arranged, the bubble is movably communicated between the first bubble tube and the second bubble tube, and the bubble is transferred from the first bubble tube to the second bubble tube. The first bubble tube and the second bubble tube are paired with each other. When the first bubble tube and the second bubble tube are arranged, the first bubble tube and the second bubble tube are arranged such that the bubbles are arranged at positions where the first bubble tube and the second bubble tube face each other or at the most distant positions. The tube is arranged to be inclined with respect to the reference plane .

The level according to the present invention is the level, wherein the bubble tube is bent or curved at or near the center of the reference surface and is arranged to be rotatable with respect to the reference surface. It is characterized by.

Further, the level according to the present invention is the level, wherein the bubble tube is formed in a flat shape, and a region in the vicinity of the central axis in the longitudinal direction of the bubble tube is depressed more than a region away from the central axis. It is characterized by that.

Further, the level according to the present invention is the level, wherein the bubble tube is formed in a flat shape, and a convex portion protruding inside is arranged in a region away from the central axis in the longitudinal direction of the bubble tube. It is characterized by being.

Claims (7)

A measurement base with a reference surface that is in contact with the measurement surface;
A bubble tube in which liquid and bubbles are enclosed, and is inclined at a certain angle so as to be separated from the reference surface or approach the reference surface from a peripheral portion to a center portion of the reference surface,
A spirit level characterized by comprising.   The level according to claim 1, further comprising a sensitivity adjustment unit that varies an inclination angle of the bubble tube with respect to the reference plane.   When the bubble tube is viewed from the front with respect to the reference plane, a pair of reading positions of the bubble ends of the bubbles are arranged along or along the central axis of the bubble tube. The spirit level according to claim 1 or 2. The bubble tube is divided into a first bubble tube and a second bubble tube at the center of the reference plane;
The level according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the bubbles are arranged in each of the first bubble tube and the second bubble tube.   The level according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the bubble tube is bent or curved at a central portion of the reference surface or in the vicinity thereof.   6. The level according to claim 1, wherein a region in the vicinity of the central axis of the bubble tube is depressed more than a region away from the central axis. The level according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a convex portion protruding inward is disposed in a region away from the central axis of the bubble tube.

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