JP2013257100A - Waste gasifying melting furnace - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a waste gasifying melting furnace capable of suppressing rushing of waste deposited in a furnace into a melting furnace part side.SOLUTION: A waste gasifying melting furnace includes a shaft part having an insert opening in which a waste to be processed is inserted at an upper part, a carbonization fire grate part in which a plurality of carbonization fire grates, which are connected to a lower part of the shaft part and thermally decompose the processing object having been inserted in the shaft part while moving it, are arrayed at a bottom part, and a melting furnace part which is connected to the carbonization fire gate at the upper part at an upper part of a furnace bottom, for melting a processing object that has dropped into the furnace after transported from the carbonization fire grate part. The waste gasifying melting furnace includes a rushing-in suppression part which protrudes to a counter side surface side facing a side surface from the side surface, below the side surface on the melting furnace part side of the shaft part, for moving a processing object, that moves from the shaft part to the carbonization fire grate part, to the counter side surface side.

Description

  The present invention relates to a waste gasification and melting furnace for drying and pyrolyzing waste charged from the top of the furnace, and further melting the pyrolysis residue to recover the melt from the bottom of the furnace.

  Waste such as general waste and industrial waste is charged into a waste gasification and melting furnace together with massive carbon-based combustible materials such as coke and limestone, and air is blown from the upper tuyere provided in the furnace body. The waste is treated by blowing oxygen-enriched air from the lower tuyeres provided in the lower part of the furnace, and drying, pyrolyzing, burning, and melting the waste.

  As a furnace for melting waste, waste is charged, a shaft part for drying the charged waste, a carbonization grate part for pyrolyzing the waste below the shaft part, coke, etc. As a fuel, there is a waste gasification melting furnace including a melting furnace section that melts a residue generated by pyrolyzing waste (see, for example, Patent Document 1). The carbonization grate is composed of a number of stepped carbonization grate, and the waste is gradually decomposed in the direction of the melting furnace while being thermally decomposed by the movable carbonization grate reciprocating in the direction of the melting furnace. Be transported. And the residue produced | generated by thermal decomposition finally falls in the melting furnace part following a carbonization grate part, and is fuse | melted in a melting furnace part.

JP 2010-43840 A

  The waste is charged from a waste charging inlet provided above the shaft portion of the waste gasification melting furnace. The charged waste accumulates in the shaft portion and gradually descends, and reaches the carbonization grate of the carbonization grate portion below the shaft portion. Waste on the carbonization grate is sequentially transferred to the melting furnace side by the operation of the movable carbonization grate.

At this time, the waste near the connecting portion between the shaft portion and the carbonization grate portion, and the waste near the slope of the waste deposited at the angle of repose is not sufficiently carbonized at the carbonization grate portion. In some cases, it may be abandoned to the melting furnace side. The deposit above the carbonization grate of the carbonization grate is not sufficiently dried and pyrolyzed, and if such waste falls into the melting furnace as it is, the efficiency of the melting process decreases. To do. Furthermore, the consumption of coke derived from fossil fuels will increase, and CO ₂ emissions will also increase.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and provides a waste gasification and melting furnace in which the waste deposited in the furnace is suppressed from flowing into the melting furnace side. Objective.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and the gist of the invention is as follows.
(1) Pyrolysis while moving the processing object inserted in the shaft part connected to the lower part of the shaft part and the shaft part having the charging port into which the waste of the processing object is charged. A carbonization grate part in which a plurality of carbonization grates are arranged at the bottom, and a processing target object connected to the carbonization grate part above the furnace bottom and transported from the carbonization grate part and dropped into the furnace. A waste gasification melting furnace comprising: a melting furnace section to be melted, wherein the shaft projects from the side face to the opposite side face facing the side face, below the side face of the shaft section on the melting furnace section side, and the shaft A waste gasification and melting furnace comprising an avalanche suppression unit that moves a processing object that moves from a part to the carbonization grate part to the opposite side surface side.
(2) In the configuration of the above (1), the sagging suppression portion passes through a lower end position of the side surface of the shaft portion and is more than a straight line inclined at an angle of repose of the object to be processed toward the furnace bottom side of the melting furnace portion. It can be set as the structure which has the front-end | tip part in the position by the side of the said carbonization grate of the said carbonization grate part. According to the configuration of (2), the sagging of the processing object can be reliably suppressed.
(3) In the configuration of (1) or (2), the repose angle of the processing object may be a repose angle of the processing object at a position where the avalanche suppression unit is formed. According to the configuration of (3), the sagging of the processing object can be more reliably suppressed.
(4) In the configuration of the above (2) or (3), the sagging suppression portion includes an inclined surface extending from the side surface of the shaft portion to the tip portion, and a bottom surface extending from the tip portion to the lower end position of the side surface. Part. According to the configuration of (4) above, it is possible to provide an avalanche suppression unit that minimizes the inhibition of the flow of gas generated in the furnace.
(5) In the configuration of (4), the bottom surface portion is inclined downward with respect to a horizontal plane from the tip portion, and an angle formed between the horizontal plane and the bottom surface portion is the processing at the formation position of the sluggish suppression portion. It can be set as the structure smaller than the repose angle of a target object. According to the structure of (5), while not inhibiting the flow of the gas generated in the furnace, the gas can be guided to the central portion side of the shaft portion, and the drying and thermal decomposition of the processing target can be efficiently advanced. .
(6) In the configuration of (4) or (5), the inclined surface may have a configuration in which an inclination angle with respect to a horizontal plane is larger than 75 ° and smaller than 90 °. According to the structure of (6), it can suppress that the shelf hanging phenomenon of the process target object which descends a shaft part will generate | occur | produce.
(7) In any one of the configurations of (1) to (6), the carbonization grate portion includes a movable carbonization grate that reciprocates at a predetermined stroke distance in a direction in which the object to be processed is moved, A width in the horizontal direction of the inclined surface of the avalanche suppression portion may be configured to be 1 to 2 times the stroke distance. According to the configuration of (7), the opening area of the shaft portion at the position where the avalanche suppression portion is formed can be sufficiently secured, the occurrence of the shelf hanging phenomenon can be suppressed, and the flow of gas generated in the furnace can be suppressed. Inhibition can also be minimized.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a waste gasification melting furnace in which the waste deposited in the furnace is suppressed from flowing into the melting furnace section side.

It is sectional drawing which shows the structure of a waste gasification melting furnace. It is the figure which looked at the waste inlet of a waste gasification melting furnace from upper direction. . It is a perspective view of the carbonization grate of a carbonization grate part. It is an enlarged view of the vicinity where the avalanche suppression part of a waste gasification melting furnace is formed.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

(First embodiment)
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of a waste gasification melting furnace 1 according to the present embodiment. FIG. 2 is a view of the waste charging inlet 21 of the waste gasification melting furnace 1 of the present embodiment as viewed from above. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA ′ in FIG.

  The waste gasification melting furnace 1 of the present embodiment includes a shaft portion 2, a carbonization grate portion 4, and a melting furnace portion 6. The waste gasification melting furnace 1 of this embodiment shifts the position of the shaft part 2 into which the waste is charged and the melting furnace part 6 that finally performs the melting process, and the waste charged into the shaft part 2. Is introduced into the melting furnace section 6 through the carbonization grate section 4.

  The shaft portion 2 dries the waste charged in the shaft portion 2 in a reducing atmosphere. The shaft portion 2 has a vertical cylindrical shape extending in the vertical direction (Z-axis direction), and a waste charging inlet 21 for charging waste is formed at the upper end. In addition, an exhaust port 22 is formed in the upper portion of the shaft portion 2 to discharge gas generated when the waste is thermally decomposed and gas blown into the waste gasification melting furnace 1. A lower portion of the shaft portion 2 is connected to a carbonization grate portion 4 in which a carbonization grate is formed at the bottom. Further, the shaft portion 2 has a circular cross-sectional shape (cross section in a horizontal plane). The waste charged in the shaft portion 2 forms a waste filling layer 100 in the shaft portion 2.

  The shaft portion 2 of the present embodiment includes an avalanche suppression unit 10 that suppresses the avalanche of waste accumulated from the carbonization grate portion 4 to the shaft portion 2 into the melting furnace unit 6. The details of the avalanche suppression unit 10 will be described after the description of the carbonization grate unit 4.

  The carbonized grate part 4 thermally decomposes the waste dried (or further thermally decomposed) in the shaft part 2 and transports it to the melting furnace part 6 while generating a thermal decomposition residue. In the present embodiment, the amount of air supplied into the furnace is adjusted so that the inside of the furnace becomes a reducing atmosphere, and in the carbonization grate portion 4, combustion progresses so that ash is not generated as much as possible. Is pyrolyzed. The carbonization grate part 4 includes a supply carbonization grate part 4a, a dry distillation carbonization grate part 4b, driving devices 43a and 43b, recovery chambers 44a and 44b, and blower pipes 45a and 45b.

  The structure of the carbonized grate part 4 will be described. FIG. 3 shows a perspective view of the carbonized grate portion 4. As shown in FIG. 3, the carbonization grate portion 4 is formed by arranging a plurality of carbonization grate in a staircase pattern. Moreover, in the carbonization grate part 4, the movable carbonization grate 41 and the fixed carbonization grate 42 are alternately arranged. Further, normally, as shown in FIG. 3, a plurality of rows of carbonized fire grate (in FIG. 3, as an example, 4 rows) are arranged in one stage.

  The movable carbonization grate 41 reciprocates in the horizontal direction and in the direction of the melting furnace section 6 (X-axis direction). Specifically, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, the movable carbonization grate 41 is driven to reciprocate at a constant pitch in the front-rear direction by drive devices 43a and 43b. For example, a fluid pressure cylinder may be used as the driving devices 43a and 43b. When the movable carbonization grate 41 reciprocates back and forth, the waste (or pyrolysis residue) on the movable carbonization grate 41 is dropped onto the fixed carbonization grate 42 one level below, and the dropped waste is movable carbonized. It is pushed out by the side surface of the grate 41 and further falls onto the movable carbonized grate 41 one step below. Such a movable carbonization grate 41 repeats reciprocating motion, so that the waste is gradually conveyed from the shaft portion 2 side to the melting furnace portion 6 side while being stirred. The width (stroke distance) in which the movable carbonization grate 41 reciprocates depends on the size of the carbonization grate and the like, but is farthest from the position of the tip of the fixed carbonization grate 42 one step below each movable carbonization grate 41. From the position (retraction position) to the position where the waste accumulated on the fixed carbonized grate 42 can be dropped from the fixed carbonized grate 42.

  Air for drying and thermally decomposing waste is blown into the furnace from the gaps between the movable carbonization grate 41 and the fixed carbonization grate 42. The blowing of air is not limited to the gap between the carbonization grate, but a blower hole for blowing air into the movable carbonization grate 41 and / or the fixed carbonization grate 42 is provided, and the air is blown into the furnace from the blower hole. A structure for blowing may be used. Air is supplied from the blower tubes 45a and 45b through the recovery chambers 44a and 44b. A pusher or the like can be used instead of the movable carbonization grate 41.

  The carbonization grate part 4 composed of the movable carbonization grate 41 and the fixed carbonization grate 42 includes a supply carbonization grate part 4a on the upstream side in the movement direction of the waste / pyrolysis residue, and a dry distillation carbonization fire on the downstream side thereof. A lattice portion 4b is provided. Supply carbonization grate part 4a is located under shaft part 2, and receives the load of the waste inserted into shaft part 2. The supply carbonization grate 4a pushes and moves the waste dried and pyrolyzed at the shaft 2 to the dry carbonization grate 4b side while further pyrolyzing the waste.

  The dry distillation carbonization grate part 4b further thermally decomposes (dry distillation) the pyrolyzed waste that has been sent out from the supply carbonization grate part 4a, and finally produces a pyrolysis residue consisting of carbides and incombustible components. The thermal decomposition residue is extruded toward the melting furnace section 6 and supplied.

  As described above, the carbonization grate unit 4 is divided into the supply carbonization grate unit 4a and the dry distillation carbonization grate unit 4b, but the functions are clearly distinguished between the supply carbonization grate unit 4a and the carbonization carbonization grate unit 4b. The waste is not pyrolyzed or the state of the object to be treated is changing rapidly, and the waste is gradually pyrolyzed in the process of passing over the supply carbonization grate 4a and the carbonized carbonization grate 4b. And carbonized.

  In FIG. 1, the supply carbonization grate part 4 a and the dry distillation carbonization grate part 4 b are shown as horizontal carbonization grates in which the carbonization grates extend in the horizontal direction, but are not limited thereto. Either one or both of the supply carbonization grate part 4a and the dry distillation carbonization grate part 4b may be configured to include an inclined carbonization grate whose tip side is inclined upward.

  In FIG. 1, the carbonization grate of the supply carbonization grate part 4 a and the carbonization carbonization grate part 4 b are each shown in six stages, but only six stages are shown for convenience, and the waste gasification melting furnace 1 is shown. It suffices if carbonized grate having an optimal number of stages is arranged in accordance with the size of each.

  The drive devices 43a and 43b reciprocate the movable carbonization grate 41 as described above. The driving device 43a drives the movable carbonization grate 41 of the supply carbonization grate unit 4a, and the driving device 43b drives the movable carbonization grate 41 of the dry distillation carbonization grate unit 4b. The driving device 43a and the driving device 43b can independently drive and stop the movable carbonization grate 41, and can control the driving speed (that is, the waste supply speed). In this case, the drive speed (supply speed) of the supply carbonization grate part 4a and the drive speed of the dry distillation carbonization grate part 4b may be set to relatively different speeds, or may be set to the same speed. .

  The collection chambers 44a and 44b collect fine waste that has fallen from the gaps between the carbonized grate. The collection chamber 44a collects the waste that has fallen in the supply carbonization grate 4a. The collection chamber 44b collects the waste that has fallen in the carbonized carbonization grate 4b.

  Blower tubes 45a and 45b are connected to the collection chambers 44a and 44b, respectively. A blower (not shown) is connected to the blower tubes 45a and 45b, and air is supplied from the blower. In addition, flow rate adjusting valves 46a and 46b are provided in the air ducts 45a and 45b. The air supplied from the blower to the blower pipe 45a blows out from the gap between the carbonized fire grate of the supply carbonized grate part 4a through the recovery chamber 44a. In addition, the air supplied to the blower pipe 45b is blown out from the gap between the carbonization grate of the dry distillation carbonization grate part 4b through the recovery chamber 44b.

  Next, the avalanche suppression part 10 formed in the shaft part 2 will be described. As described above, the avalanche suppression unit 10 suppresses the avalanche of waste accumulated from the carbonization grate unit 4 to the shaft unit 2 toward the melting furnace unit 6. FIG. 4 shows an enlarged view of the vicinity of the avalanche suppression unit 10 of FIG. The avalanche suppression portion 10 is formed below the side surface of the shaft portion 2 on the melting furnace portion 6 side (near the connection portion 50 between the shaft portion 2 and the carbonized fire lattice portion 4). The avalanche suppression portion 10 is formed of a guide surface portion 10a and a bottom surface portion 10b.

  The details of the shape and the position of the avalanche suppression unit 10 will be described. The avalanche suppression unit 10 has a position in the horizontal direction (X-axis direction) of the distal end portion 10c that is the end portion of the guide surface portion 10a (and the bottom surface portion 10b) (the position of the dotted line shown as the horizontal position in FIG. 3). 1 to 2 of the stroke distance of the movable carbonization lattice 41 from the position of the side surface on the melting furnace section 6 side of the shaft section 2 shown in FIG. 1 (position of the side surface on the melting furnace section 6 side in the AA ′ position in FIG. 2). It is preferable to be at a position about twice as far away. If the tip portion 10c is further closer to the center of the shaft portion 2, the cross-sectional area of the shaft portion 2 at the position where the avalanche suppression portion 10 is formed becomes smaller, and the cause of the stagnation of the waste fall Become.

  Further, the position in the height direction (Z-axis direction) of the tip portion 10c is determined by the inclination angle of the bottom surface portion 10b. The bottom surface portion 10b is a connection portion 50 between the shaft portion 2 and the ceiling portion of the carbonization grate portion 4 (in the absence of the avalanche suppression portion 10, the upper end of the slope of the waste accumulated in the carbonization grate portion 4) Position) to the tip 10c. The bottom surface portion 10b is formed such that the inclination angle θ2 with respect to the horizontal plane shown in FIG. 4 is smaller than the repose angle α of the waste deposited on the carbonization grate portion 4. When the inclination angle θ2 is smaller than the repose angle α, the position of the slope formed by the repose angle α of the waste (that is, the deposition position of the waste on the carbonization lattice part 4) is determined from the melting furnace part 6. It can be moved away from the shaft portion 2 side.

  The reason why the waste accumulation position can be shifted to the shaft portion 2 side when the inclination angle θ2 of the bottom surface portion 10b is smaller than the angle of repose angle α of the waste will be described.

  Temporarily, in the waste gasification melting furnace 1 that does not have the avalanche suppression unit 10, the waste is deposited at an angle of repose α as indicated by a one-dot chain line in FIG. May come to the position of the end 60 on the side of the melting furnace 6. Therefore, if the waste gasification melting furnace 1 is provided with the avalanche suppression portion 10 having the bottom surface portion 10b having the inclination angle θ2 smaller than the repose angle α, the upper end of the slope of the waste is the tip of the avalanche suppression portion 10. Translate to the position of the part 10c. If it does so, waste will accumulate so that the line which inclines with the repose angle (alpha) which reaches | attains on a carbonization grate from the front-end | tip part 10c may become a slope. In other words, the slope of the waste can be moved away from the melting furnace section 6 side to the shaft section 2 side by the amount of deviation from the connection section 50 at the position of the tip section 10c. In FIG. 4, it is shown that the slope of the waste has moved from the position indicated by the alternate long and short dash line to the position indicated by the solid line.

  More precisely, the angle of repose α of the waste is the angle of repose of the waste in the vicinity of the connecting portion 50 between the shaft portion 2 and the carbonized grate portion 4. In FIG. 4, the angle of repose α is schematically shown to be constant, but in reality, the waste is gradually dried and thermally decomposed in the shaft portion 2 and the carbonized grate portion 4. Changes and the angle of repose also changes. On the other hand, since the avalanche suppression unit 10 prevents the avalanche of waste above the carbonization grate unit 4, the repose angle α also has a waste near the location where the avalanche suppression unit 10 is disposed. By using the angle of repose as a reference, it is possible to reliably prevent the sagging.

  In addition, when the waste is pyrolyzed in the waste gasification melting furnace 1 of the present embodiment, the repose angle α of the waste existing near the connection portion 50 between the shaft portion and the carbonization grate portion 5 is the processing Although it differs depending on the state of the target waste (material, shape, mass, moisture content, etc. of the waste), it is 35 degrees ≦ α ≦ 55 degrees.

  As described above, the position where the position in the horizontal direction of the tip portion 10c determined based on the stroke distance of the movable carbonization lattice 41 and the bottom surface portion 10b having the inclination angle θ2 is the position of the tip portion 10c. In addition, it is preferable that inclination | tilt angle (theta) 2 of the bottom face part 10b is 0 degree or more. This is to prevent the occurrence of shelves. Moreover, the flow of the gas which flows from the carbonization grate part 4 or the melting furnace part 6 is not inhibited by being 0 degree or more.

  The guide surface portion 10a extending from the tip portion 10c determined as described above preferably has an inclination angle θ1 of 75 ° <θ1 <90 °. When the inclination angle θ1 is 75 ° or less, the waste descent stagnate due to frictional resistance with the guide surface 10a. Also, since it needs to be inclined, it needs to be at least less than 90 °.

  By providing the avalanche suppression unit 10 as described above and moving the position of the slope in the carbonization grate unit 4 of the waste away from the melting furnace unit 6 side, deposits with insufficient dry distillation will be infiltrated into the melting furnace unit 6. Can be suppressed. Moreover, in order to make the position of the slope of the waste in the carbonization grate part 4 away from the melting furnace part 6, it can also be achieved by increasing the horizontal length of the carbonization grate part 4, but in that case However, the entire waste gasification melting furnace 1 becomes large. In the case of the avalanche suppression unit 10 of the present embodiment, the waste gasification melting furnace 1 is not increased in size, the position where the waste is accumulated is shifted, and the waste is prevented from flowing into the melting furnace unit 6. be able to.

  Further, in the case of the avalanche suppression portion 10 of the present embodiment, the inclination angle θ2 of the bottom surface portion 10b is 0 ° or more, that is, the avalanche suppression portion 10 is accommodated in the shaft portion 2, There is an advantage that the flow of the gas is not hindered when high-temperature gas including air supplied from between the carbonization grate of the carbonization grate part 4 or air supplied from the tuyere 63 escapes upward. Furthermore, since the gas flowing upward by the bottom surface portion 10b can be guided to the center side of the shaft portion 2 in a plan view, the effect of efficiently performing the waste drying process on the shaft portion 2 is also obtained. .

  On the other hand, if there is no avalanche suppression unit 10, wastes that are not sufficiently dry-distilled will ablate into the melting furnace unit 6. If the waste that has not been sufficiently dried and pyrolyzed falls to the melting furnace section 6 as it is, the efficiency of the thermal melting treatment in the melting furnace section 6 is lowered.

  Further, even when the avalanche suppression unit 10 is provided, when the inclination angle θ2 of the bottom surface part 10b is equal to or greater than the repose angle α of the waste, the position of the distal end portion 10c is the avalanche suppression unit 10. If it does not exist, it will be located inside the extended line of the slope of the waste. As a result, the upper end of the slope of the waste eventually becomes the position of the connection portion 50 between the shaft portion 2 and the carbonization grate portion 4, and therefore the waste accumulation position cannot be kept away from the melting furnace portion 6.

  In the above description, it has been described that the tip portion 10c is determined at the position where the horizontal position determined by the stroke width of the movable carbonization lattice portion and the bottom surface portion 10b of the inclination angle θ2 intersect. The position of the tip portion 10c may be at least on the carbonization grid side of the carbonization grid unit 4 with respect to a straight line that passes through the connection unit 50 (the waste near the connection unit 50) and is inclined at an angle of repose α. . If the tip portion 10c of the avalanche suppression unit 10 is in such a position, the position of the accumulated waste can be shifted to a position away from the melting furnace unit 6 side.

  Next, the melting furnace unit 6 further burns and melts the pyrolysis residue generated by pyrolyzing (carbonizing) the waste in the carbonization grate unit 4. The melting furnace section 6 has a vertical and cylindrical shape extending in the vertical direction (Z-axis direction), and the carbonized fire grate section 4 is connected above the side surface. Further, the melting furnace section 6 of the present embodiment has a rectangular shape in plan view.

  The melting furnace section 6 is formed with a throttle section whose width (width in the Y-axis direction in FIG. 1) becomes narrower as it proceeds from the connection position with the carbonization grate section 4 to the furnace bottom side. This is because the pyrolysis residue that is the object to be processed gradually decreases in volume as the melting process in the melting furnace section 6 proceeds. The inclination angle of the throttle portion with respect to the horizontal plane is preferably set to be greater than 75 degrees. If the inclination angle is larger than 75 degrees, the pyrolysis residue in the melting furnace section 6 falls smoothly and the occurrence of a shelf hanging phenomenon is also suppressed. On the other hand, when the inclination angle is 75 degrees or less, particularly 70 degrees or less, the unloading of the pyrolysis residue may stagnate due to friction between the pyrolysis residue and the inner surface of the throttle portion, and a shelf hanging phenomenon may occur. If the fall of the pyrolysis residue is stagnant, the thermal melting process will not proceed smoothly.

  In the present embodiment, the melting furnace section 6 has been described as having a rectangular cross-sectional shape in the horizontal plane. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and a cylindrical shape may be used similarly to the shaft section 2. When the melting furnace section 6 has a cylindrical shape, the above-described throttle section has an inverted truncated cone shape (so-called bosh shape) in which the inner diameter of the melting furnace section 6 decreases as it goes downward. It may be formed.

  In the ceiling portion of the melting furnace section 6, an auxiliary material inlet 66 for charging auxiliary materials such as fuel in the melting furnace section 6 into the melting furnace section 6 is formed. The auxiliary material is, for example, a carbon-based solid fuel for melting non-combustible components contained in the pyrolysis residue, such as coke and biomass carbide, but other carbon-based combustible materials may be used. In addition to the fuel, the auxiliary material may include limestone as a basicity adjusting agent. These auxiliary materials may be charged into the shaft portion 2 from the waste loading port 21 together with the waste.

  A plurality of tuyere 63 are arranged in the circumferential direction in the lower part of the melting furnace 6. The tuyere 63 blows oxygen-enriched air into the melting furnace section 6 for burning and melting the pyrolysis residue supplied from the carbonization grate section 4 and the fuel charged from the auxiliary material inlet 66. . The oxygen-enriched air blown into the furnace from the tuyere 63 is, for example, air whose oxygen concentration is increased by mixing oxygen from the oxygen generator 64.

  At the furnace bottom of the melting furnace section 6, a hot water outlet 65 for discharging a melt (that is, slag and metal) generated by melting the pyrolysis residue is formed. The hot water outlet 65 is provided with an opening / closing mechanism (not shown) and discharges the melt intermittently. The melt discharged from the tap 65 is cooled and solidified, and further separated into slag and metal.

  A flow of waste treatment in the waste gasification melting furnace 1 having the above configuration will be described. The waste charged from the waste charging inlet 21 forms a waste filling layer 100 in the shaft portion 2. And the air blown from between the carbonization grate of the carbonization grate part 4, the air blown from the tuyere 63 of the melting furnace part 6, and the gas generated in the waste gasification melting furnace 1 are waste filled layers. By exchanging heat with waste as it passes through 100, drying and thermal decomposition of the waste proceed. For drying and pyrolysis, the heat generated by the waste itself is also used. The waste on the carbonization grate is pushed out to the melting furnace unit 6 side by the operation of the movable carbonization grate 41 of the dry distillation carbonization grate 4 so that the waste in the waste packed bed 100 is dried and pyrolyzed. The inside of the shaft portion 2 is gradually lowered while reaching the supply carbonization lattice portion 4a below the shaft portion 2. The waste is further pyrolyzed by the supply carbonization grate part 4a, and is moved to the dry distillation carbonization grate part 4b while being stirred by the operation of the movable carbonization grate 41. In the dry distillation carbonization grate part 4b, the waste is further pyrolyzed to become a pyrolysis residue and supplied to the melting furnace part 6. At this time, since the waste gasification melting furnace 1 of the present embodiment has the avalanche suppression part 10, the melting furnace part 6 of waste deposited on the carbonization grate of the carbonization grate part 4 from the lower end of the shaft part 2. The slope on the side is shifted to a position away from the melting furnace unit 6 as compared with the case where the avalanche suppression unit 10 is not provided. Therefore, even if the waste falls from the shaft part side, it is further suppressed from dropping to the melting furnace part 6 as it is. The pyrolysis residue supplied to the melting furnace section 6 has a moisture content of 10% or less and a fixed carbon content of 3 by mass ratio so that the melting treatment can be stably performed in the melting furnace section 6. % Or more is preferable.

  The pyrolysis residue that has dropped into the melting furnace section 6 forms a packed bed 101. Coke or the like is charged into the melting furnace section 6 from the auxiliary material inlet 66, and the coke and pyrolysis residue carbon are combusted by oxygen-enriched air blown from the tuyere 63 at the bottom of the furnace. As a result, a high-temperature coke bed 102 is formed at the furnace bottom, and the ash and incombustible components contained in the thermal decomposition residue are melted by the heat, and are discharged out of the furnace as a melt.

  High-temperature gas including air supplied from between the carbonization grate of the carbonization grate part 4 and air supplied from the tuyere 63 passes through the waste filling layer 100 and reaches the upper part of the shaft part 2 to reach the waste outlet. 22 is discharged. The high-temperature gas discharged from the disposal port 22 is discharged after detoxifying treatment after recovering waste heat with an apparatus such as a boiler.

  According to the waste gasification melting furnace 1 of the present embodiment described above, the position of the slope of the waste deposited in the carbonization grate part 4 can be moved away from the melting furnace part 6 side to the shaft part 2 side. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the waste that has fallen from above the slope from flowing into the melting furnace section 6 and falling.

  Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, various substitutions, modifications, and changes in form and detail depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined by the description of the claims. It is clear to those skilled in the art that it can be done without any problems. Therefore, the scope of the present invention should not be limited to the above-described embodiments and drawings, but should be determined based on the description of the claims and equivalents thereof.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Waste gasification melting furnace 2 Shaft part 21 Waste inlet 4 Carbonization grate part 41 Movable carbonization grate 42 Fixed carbonization grate 4a Supply carbonization grate part 4b Carbonization grate part 6 Melting furnace part 63 Tuyere 65 Outlet 10, 10 ′ Avalanche suppression portion 10 a Guiding surface portion 10 b Bottom surface portion 10 c, 10 c ′ Tip portion

Claims (7)

A shaft portion having an inlet into which the waste to be treated is charged;
A carbonized fire grate part connected to a lower part of the shaft part, and a plurality of carbonized fire grates that are thermally decomposed while moving a processing object inserted in the shaft part,
A waste gasification melting furnace comprising: a melting furnace section that is connected to the carbonization grate section above the furnace bottom and melts a processing object that has been transported from the carbonization grate section and dropped into the furnace; ,
A processing object that protrudes from the side surface to the opposite side surface facing the side surface and moves from the shaft portion to the carbonization grate portion below the side surface of the shaft portion on the melting furnace portion side is placed on the opposite side surface side. A waste gasification melting furnace comprising an avalanche suppression unit to be moved.   The avalanche suppression portion passes through the lower end position of the side surface of the shaft portion, and is closer to the carbonization lattice side of the carbonization lattice portion than a straight line inclined at an angle of repose of the object to be processed toward the furnace bottom side of the melting furnace portion. The waste gasification and melting furnace according to claim 1, wherein the waste gasification and melting furnace has a tip portion located at the position.   The waste gasification melting furnace according to claim 2, wherein an angle of repose of the processing object is an angle of repose of the processing object at a position where the avalanche suppression unit is formed.   The avalanche suppression portion includes an inclined surface extending from a side surface of the shaft portion to the tip portion, and a bottom surface portion extending from the tip portion to the lower end position of the side surface. The waste gasification and melting furnace described in 1.   The bottom surface portion is inclined downward with respect to a horizontal plane from the tip end portion, and an angle formed between the horizontal plane and the bottom surface portion is smaller than an angle of repose of the processing object at a position where the sagging suppression portion is formed. The waste gasification melting furnace according to claim 4.   The waste gasification melting furnace according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the inclined surface has an inclination angle with respect to a horizontal plane larger than 75 ° and smaller than 90 °. The carbonized grate portion includes a movable grate that reciprocates at a constant stroke distance in a direction in which the processing object is moved,
The waste gasification melting furnace according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein a width of the inclined surface of the avalanche suppression portion in the horizontal direction is 1 to 2 times the stroke distance. .

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