JP2013257099A - Waste processing device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a waste processing device equipped with a shaft part, a carbonization fire grate part, and a melting furnace part, in which partial loading state of thermal decomposition residue of a waste that has dropped from the carbonization fire grate part is suppressed in the melting furnace part.SOLUTION: A waste processing device includes a shaft part having an insert opening in which a waste to be processed is inserted at an upper part, a carbonization fire grate part in which a plurality of carbonization fire grates, which are connected to a lower part of the shaft part and thermally decompose the processing object having been inserted in the shaft part while moving it, are arrayed at a bottom part, and a melting furnace part which is connected to the carbonization fire gate at the upper part at an upper part of a furnace bottom, for melting a processing object that has dropped into the furnace after transported from the carbonization fire grate part. The waste processing device includes a pusher which, at a side surface part below the carbonization fire grate part of the melting furnace part, performs an operation that protrudes to an internal side of the melting furnace part from the side surface part side.

Description

  The present invention relates to a waste treatment apparatus for drying and thermally decomposing waste introduced from the upper part of a furnace, further melting a thermal decomposition residue, and recovering the melt from the bottom of the furnace.

  Waste such as general waste and industrial waste is charged into a waste melting furnace together with massive carbon-based combustible materials such as coke and limestone, and air or oxygen-enriched air from the tuyere provided in the furnace body The waste is treated by drying, pyrolyzing, burning, and melting the waste.

  As a furnace for melting waste, waste is thrown in, the shaft part that dries the thrown-in waste, the carbonization grate part that thermally decomposes waste under the shaft part, and coke as fuel There is a waste melting furnace including a melting furnace section that melts a residue generated by pyrolyzing waste (see, for example, Patent Document 1). The carbonization grate is composed of a number of stepped carbonization grate, and the waste is gradually decomposed in the direction of the melting furnace while being thermally decomposed by the movable carbonization grate reciprocating in the direction of the melting furnace. Be transported. And the residue produced | generated by thermal decomposition finally falls in the melting furnace part following a carbonization grate part, and is fuse | melted in a melting furnace part.

JP 2010-43840 A

  As described above, in the waste melting furnace, the pyrolyzed residue falls from the carbonization grate part to the melting furnace part, and the residue is melted in the melting furnace part. Since it falls from the carbonization grate side, it is easy to be in a so-called unbalanced state where it accumulates in the side of the carbonization grate side.

  If the residue is unevenly accumulated, there has been a problem that stable melting processing cannot be performed, or uneven accumulation of coke and the like causes variations in temperature in the melting furnace.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and is a waste treatment apparatus including a shaft portion, a carbonization grate portion, and a melting furnace portion. An object of the present invention is to provide a waste treatment apparatus capable of suppressing the uneven accumulation state of the thermal decomposition residue of the dropped waste.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and the gist of the invention is as follows.
(1) Pyrolysis while moving the processing object inserted in the shaft part connected to the lower part of the shaft part and the shaft part having the charging port into which the waste of the processing object is charged. A carbonization grate part in which a plurality of carbonization grates are arranged at the bottom, and a processing target object connected to the carbonization grate part above the furnace bottom and transported from the carbonization grate part and dropped into the furnace. A waste treatment apparatus comprising: a melting furnace part for melting; and a side surface part of the melting furnace part below the carbonization grate part, the operation protruding from the side part side to the inner side of the melting furnace part. A waste treatment apparatus comprising a pusher for performing the operation.
(2) In the configuration of (1), the pusher is located closer to the carbonization grid portion than an intermediate position between a side surface portion below the carbonization lattice portion and an opposite side surface portion facing the side surface portion. It can be configured to protrude to a position. According to the structure of (2), generation | occurrence | production of the shelf hanging phenomenon by a process target object being compressed by operation | movement of a pusher can be suppressed.
(3) In the configuration of (1) or (2), the melting furnace section includes a throttle section having a horizontal cross-sectional area at the lower end smaller than an area of the horizontal cross-section at the upper end, and the pusher It can arrange | position in the range from the position of the said upper end part of a part to the position of the said lower end part. According to the configuration of (3), the pusher operates in the vicinity of the surface portion of the processing object deposited in the melting furnace portion, so that the uneven product can be further eliminated.
(4) In any one of the constitutions (1) to (3), a plurality of the pushers can be arranged in a direction orthogonal to the operation direction of the pusher in a plan view of the melting furnace section. According to the configuration of (4), the uneven accumulation of the processing object can be reliably eliminated by the plurality of pushers.
(5) In any one of the constitutions (1) to (4), when the sensor detects the deposition of the processing object in the melting furnace, and when the sensor detects the deposition of the processing object, And a pusher control unit for operating the pusher. According to the structure of (7), when an uneven product occurs, an uneven product can be canceled reliably.
(6) A shaft part having a charging port into which the waste of the processing object is charged, and a thermal decomposition while moving the processing object connected to the lower part of the shaft part and charged in the shaft part A carbonization grate part in which a plurality of carbonization grates are arranged at the bottom, and a processing target object connected to the carbonization grate part above the furnace bottom and transported from the carbonization grate part and dropped into the furnace. And a melting furnace section for melting, a pusher for performing an operation of projecting from the side surface section side to the inner side of the melting furnace section in a side surface section below the carbonization grate section of the melting furnace section. A waste treatment method characterized in that the waste treatment method is characterized in that the treatment object in the melting furnace section is made to operate. According to the method of (8), the uneven accumulation state of the thermal decomposition residue of the waste which fell from the carbonization grate part in the melting furnace part can be suppressed.
(7) In the method of (6) above, after operating the pusher, the auxiliary material used for melting the object to be processed can be charged into the melting furnace section. According to the method of (7), the uneven accumulation in the melting furnace part of a subsidiary material is suppressed, and a melting process can be performed stably.

  A waste treatment apparatus comprising a shaft part, a carbonization grate part, and a melting furnace part, wherein the waste treatment apparatus is capable of suppressing an unevenly accumulated state of thermal decomposition residues of waste dropped from the carbonization grate part in the melting furnace part Can be provided.

It is sectional drawing which shows the structure of a waste melting furnace. It is sectional drawing in the A-A 'position of the waste melting furnace shown in FIG. It is a perspective view of the grate of a carbonization grate part. It is the figure which looked at the melting furnace part from the upper part. It is the figure which looked at the cylindrical melting furnace part from upper direction. It is the figure which looked at the melting furnace part of other embodiment from the upper direction. It is the figure which looked at the melting furnace part of other embodiment from the upper direction.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

(First embodiment)
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of a waste melting furnace 1 which is a waste treatment apparatus according to the present embodiment. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the waste melting furnace 1 of the present embodiment at the position AA ′ in FIG.

  The waste melting furnace 1 of the present embodiment includes a shaft part 2, a carbonization grate part 4, and a melting furnace part 6. The waste melting furnace 1 of the present embodiment shifts the position of the shaft part 2 into which the waste is charged and the melting furnace part 6 to be finally melted, and the waste charged into the shaft part 2 is carbonized. The structure is introduced into the melting furnace 6 through the grate 4.

  First, the shaft portion 2 dries the waste charged in the shaft portion 2 in a reducing atmosphere. The shaft portion 2 has a vertical cylindrical shape extending in the vertical direction (Z-axis direction), and a waste charging inlet 21 for charging waste is formed at the upper end. Further, an exhaust port 22 is formed at the upper portion of the shaft portion 2 to discharge gas generated when the waste is thermally decomposed or gas blown into the waste melting furnace 1. A lower portion of the shaft portion 2 is connected to a carbonization grate portion 4 having a carbonization grate formed on the lower surface. The inner diameter and height of the shaft portion 2 can be appropriately set according to the processing capability required in the waste melting furnace 1. Moreover, the cross-sectional shape (cross section in a horizontal surface) of the shaft part 2 may be circular or rectangular.

  Next, the carbonized grate part 4 thermally conveys the waste dried (or further thermally decomposed) in the shaft part 2 and transports it to the melting furnace part 6 while generating a thermal decomposition residue. In the present embodiment, the amount of air supplied into the furnace is adjusted so that the inside of the furnace becomes a reducing atmosphere, and in the carbonization grate portion 4, combustion progresses so that ash is not generated as much as possible. Is pyrolyzed. The carbonization grate part 4 includes a supply carbonization grate part 4a, a dry distillation carbonization grate part 4b, driving devices 43a and 43b, recovery chambers 44a and 44b, and blower pipes 45a and 45b.

  First, the structure of each carbonization grate which comprises the carbonization grate part 4 is demonstrated. The structure of the carbonization grate may be common to the upstream supply carbonization grate part 4a and the downstream carbonization grate part 4b. FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the carbonization grate of the carbonization grate part 4. As shown in FIG. 3, the carbonization grate portion 4 is formed by arranging a plurality of carbonization grate in a staircase pattern. Moreover, in the carbonization grate part 4, the movable carbonization grate 41 and the fixed carbonization grate 42 are alternately arranged. Further, normally, as shown in FIG. 3, a plurality of rows of carbonized fire grate (in FIG. 3, as an example, 4 rows) are arranged in one stage.

  The movable carbonization grate 41 reciprocates in the horizontal direction and in the direction of the melting furnace section 6 (X-axis direction). Specifically, as shown in FIG. 1, the movable carbonization grate 41 is driven to reciprocate at a constant pitch in the front-rear direction by drive devices 43a and 43b. For example, a fluid pressure cylinder may be used as the driving devices 43a and 43b. When the movable carbonization grate 41 reciprocates back and forth, the waste (or pyrolysis residue) on the movable carbonization grate 41 is dropped onto the fixed carbonization grate 42 one level below, and the dropped waste is movable carbonized. It is pushed out by the side surface of the grate 41 and further falls onto the movable carbonized grate 41 one step below. Such a movable carbonization grate 41 repeats reciprocating motion, so that the waste is gradually conveyed from the shaft portion 2 side to the melting furnace portion 6 side while being stirred.

  Air for drying and thermally decomposing waste is blown into the furnace from the gaps between the movable carbonization grate 41 and the fixed carbonization grate 42. The blowing of air is not limited to the gap between the carbonization grate, but a blower hole for blowing air into the movable carbonization grate 41 and / or the fixed carbonization grate 42 is provided, and the air is blown into the furnace from the blower hole. A structure for blowing may be used. The air is supplied from air blow pipes 45a and 45b, which will be described later, via recovery chambers 44a and 44b. The movable carbonization grate 41 may use a pusher that reciprocates.

  And the carbonization grate part 4 comprised with such a movable carbonization grate 41 and the fixed carbonization grate 42 is equipped with the supply carbonization grate part 4a in the upstream of the movement direction of a waste and a pyrolysis residue, The downstream The carbonization grate part 4b is provided on the side. Supply carbonization grate part 4a is located under shaft part 2, and receives the load of the waste inserted into shaft part 2. The supply carbonization grate 4a pushes and moves the waste dried and pyrolyzed at the shaft 2 to the dry carbonization grate 4b side while further pyrolyzing the waste. The width of the feed carbonization grate 4a (the width in the Y-axis direction in FIG. 1) is preferably the same as the inner diameter of the shaft 2. Stabilizing the unloading of waste (falling of waste) by having the same width of the feed carbonization grate 4a and the inner diameter of the shaft 2 at the place where the shaft 2 switches to the carbonization grate 4 Can do. As a result, in the place where the shaft portion 2 is switched to the carbonized grate portion 4 or in the shaft portion 2, a load drop trouble occurs such as the waste is in a shelf-suspended state (a phenomenon in which the falling of the waste stops). Can be suppressed.

  The dry distillation carbonization grate part 4b further thermally decomposes (dry distillation) the pyrolyzed waste sent from the supply carbonization grate part 4a, and finally, from the carbides and non-combustible components (slag and metal). A thermal decomposition residue is generated, and the thermal decomposition residue is extruded toward the melting furnace section 6 and supplied. The width of the dry distillation carbonization grate 4b (the width in the Y-axis direction in FIG. 1) is the same as the width of the melting furnace 6 at the connection with the melting furnace 6 from the supply carbonization grate 4a side. You may form so that it may become narrow as it progresses to the melting furnace part 6 side. This is because when the waste is dried and the thermal decomposition proceeds, the volume decreases. Therefore, in order to reduce the volume of the melting furnace section 6 in accordance with the decrease in the volume of the waste, the width of the melting furnace section 6 is Usually, it is formed smaller than the inner diameter of the shaft portion 2 or the like. Therefore, the waste can be smoothly supplied to the melting furnace section 6 side by gradually reducing the width of the dry distillation carbonization grating section 4b from the supply carbonization grating section 4a side and connecting it to the melting furnace section 6.

  As described above, the carbonization grate part 4 is divided into the supply carbonization grate part 4a and the dry distillation carbonization grate part 4b, but clearly functions in the supply carbonization grate part 4a and the dry distillation carbonization grate part 4b. Are not distinguished, or the state of the object to be treated is not changing suddenly, and the waste gradually passes in the process of passing over the supply carbonization grate part 4a and the carbonized carbonization grate part 4b. It is pyrolyzed and carbonized.

  In FIG. 1, the supply carbonization grate part 4 a and the dry distillation carbonization grate part 4 b are horizontal carbonization grates in which each carbonization grate extends in the horizontal direction, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Either one or both of the supply carbonization grate part 4a and the dry distillation carbonization grate part 4b may be configured to include an inclined carbonization grate whose tip side is inclined upward. However, horizontal carbonization grate has a higher supply capacity to deliver waste. Therefore, when designing a waste melting furnace having a large amount of waste to be treated, it is preferable that both the supply carbonization grate 4a and the dry distillation carbonization grate 4b are horizontal carbonization grate.

  Moreover, in FIG. 1, although the carbonization grate of the supply carbonization grate part 4a and the carbonization carbonization grate part 4b is each shown in six steps, only six steps are shown for convenience, and the waste melting furnace 1 It suffices if carbonized grate having an optimal number of stages is arranged in accordance with the size of each.

  The drive devices 43a and 43b reciprocate the movable carbonization grate 41 as described above. The driving device 43a drives the movable carbonization grate 41 of the supply carbonization grate unit 4a, and the driving device 43b drives the movable carbonization grate 41 of the dry distillation carbonization grate unit 4b. The driving device 43a and the driving device 43b can independently drive and stop the movable carbonization grate 41, and can control the driving speed (that is, the waste supply speed). In this case, the drive speed (supply speed) of the supply carbonization grate part 4a and the drive speed of the dry distillation carbonization grate part 4b may be set to relatively different speeds, or may be set to the same speed. .

  The collection chambers 44a and 44b collect fine waste that has fallen from the gaps between the carbonized grate. The collection chamber 44a collects the waste that has fallen in the supply carbonization grate 4a. The collection chamber 44b collects the waste that has fallen in the carbonized carbonization grate 4b.

  Blower tubes 45a and 45b are connected to the collection chambers 44a and 44b, respectively. A blower (not shown) is connected to the blower tubes 45a and 45b, and air is supplied from the blower. In addition, flow rate adjusting valves 46a and 46b are provided in the air ducts 45a and 45b. The air supplied from the blower to the blower pipe 45a blows out from the gap between the carbonized fire grate of the supply carbonized grate part 4a through the recovery chamber 44a. In addition, the air supplied to the blower pipe 45b is blown out from the gap between the carbonization grate of the dry distillation carbonization grate part 4b through the recovery chamber 44b. At this time, the flow rate control valves 46a and 46b are adjusted in accordance with the in-furnace condition, and the flow rate of air supplied to the supply carbonization grate 4a and the flow rate of air supplied to the dry distillation carbonization grate 4b. And adjust. Note that the flow rate adjustment valve 46a and the flow rate adjustment valve 46b may be unified into one valve, and the flow rate of the air supplied to the blower pipe 45a and the blower pipe 45b may be integrated.

  Next, the melting furnace unit 6 further burns and melts the pyrolysis residue generated by pyrolyzing (carbonizing) the waste in the carbonization grate unit 4. The melting furnace section 6 has a vertical and cylindrical shape extending in the vertical direction (Z-axis direction), and the carbonized fire grate section 4 is connected above the side surface. Further, the melting furnace section 6 of the present embodiment has a rectangular shape in plan view.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the melting furnace section 6 has a throttle section 60 whose width (width in the Y-axis direction in FIG. 2) becomes narrower as it proceeds from the connection position with the carbonization grate section 4 to the furnace bottom side. Is formed. This is because the pyrolysis residue that is the object to be processed gradually decreases in volume as the melting process in the melting furnace section 6 proceeds. It is preferable that the inclination angle θ of the throttle portion 60 shown in FIG. 2 with respect to the horizontal plane is set to be greater than 75 degrees. If the inclination angle θ is greater than 75 degrees, the pyrolysis residue in the melting furnace section 6 falls smoothly and the occurrence of a shelf hanging phenomenon is also suppressed. On the other hand, when the inclination angle θ is 75 degrees or less, particularly 70 degrees or less, the unloading of the pyrolysis residue may stagnate due to friction between the pyrolysis residue and the inner surface of the throttle portion 60, and a shelf hanging phenomenon may occur. is there. If the fall of the pyrolysis residue is stagnant, the thermal melting process will not proceed smoothly.

  In the present embodiment, the melting furnace section 6 has been described as having a rectangular cross-sectional shape in the horizontal plane. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and a cylindrical shape may be used similarly to the shaft section 2. When the melting furnace section 6 has a cylindrical shape, the above-described throttle section has an inverted truncated cone shape (so-called bosh shape) in which the inner diameter of the melting furnace section 6 decreases as it goes downward. It may be formed.

  And the pusher 10 is arrange | positioned at the melting furnace part 6 of this embodiment. The pusher 10 eliminates the uneven accumulation of the packed bed 101 formed by depositing thermal decomposition residues in the melting furnace section 6. The uneven accumulation of the pyrolysis residue indicates a state in which the height of the pyrolysis residue dropped into the melting furnace section 6 is not constant but is partially piled up. When the pyrolysis residue falls into the melting furnace section 6 from the dry distillation carbonization grate section 4b by the operation of the movable carbonization grate 41, the pyrolysis residue is left in the melting furnace section 6 as shown in FIG. It deposits on the side wall 61 side on the lattice 4b side. In this way, when the thermal decomposition residue is unevenly accumulated, when the pusher 10 is driven, the thermal decomposition residue accumulated by the pusher being biased toward the side wall 61 is pushed out to the center side of the melting furnace section 6 and heated. The decomposition residue can be smoothed and the uneven accumulation state can be eliminated. In FIG. 1, when the pusher 10 moves to the position indicated by the broken line, the thermal decomposition residue deposited on the side wall 61 side is pushed out to the opposite side wall 62 side, resulting in an unevenly accumulated state rather than a state where it is accumulated on the side wall 61 side. It will be resolved. Furthermore, if the pusher 10 is reciprocated several times, the uneven accumulation state can be eliminated.

  As the pusher 10, for example, a columnar member can be used. Since the pusher 10 is used for leveling the height of the surface of the packed bed 101 of pyrolysis residue deposited in the melting furnace section 6, the surface portion of the packed bed 101 during normal operation of the waste melting furnace 1 is used. It is preferable that the pusher 10 is arranged at a position of a height of. In this embodiment, the form arrange | positioned in the position of the upper end of the aperture | diaphragm | squeeze part 60 of the melting furnace part 6 is illustrated.

  In addition, since the pyrolysis residue dropped and deposited on the melting furnace section 6 is unevenly accumulated on the side wall 61 side over the entire width direction (Y-axis direction) of the melting furnace section 6, it is unevenly distributed on the entire area by the pusher 10. Is preferably eliminated. In the present embodiment, as means for eliminating unevenness in the entire region in the width direction, a plurality (three in the figure) of pushers 10 are arranged in the width direction (Y-axis direction) in the side wall portion 61 as shown in FIG. An example of the configuration is shown. Since each pusher 10 protrudes into the melting furnace section 6, the thermal decomposition residue in front of each pusher 10 is pushed out, so that the thermal decomposition residue can be biased in the whole width direction. In addition, when the width in the Y-axis direction of the melting furnace section 6 is larger than the width at the connection position of the dry distillation carbonization grate section 4b with the melting furnace section 6, that is, the fall range of the pyrolysis residue to the melting furnace section 6. The pusher 10 is preferably disposed over at least the range from one end to the other end in the Y-axis direction at the connection position of the carbonization grate portion 4b with the melting furnace portion 6.

  Further, the width (stroke width) at which the pusher 10 protrudes into the melting furnace section 6 is at most around the center of the melting furnace section 6 in the direction (X-axis direction) supplied from the pyrolysis residue dry distillation carbonization grate 4b. It is preferable to set it to the position. Here, FIG. 4 is the figure which looked at the melting furnace part 6 from upper direction, and has shown the range including the connection part with the dry distillation carbonization grate part 4b. As shown in FIG. 4, when the distance from the side wall 61 to the side wall 62 in the X-axis direction of the melting furnace section 6 is D, the stroke width of the pusher is a maximum at a position of D / 2 that is a half of the distance. Up to the vicinity. This is to prevent the thermal decomposition residue pushed by the pusher 10 from being compressed and solidified by being sandwiched between the opposite side wall 62 and the pusher 10. This is because when the pyrolysis residue is compressed and hardened, the solidification pyrolysis residue hinders the fall of the pyrolysis residue and may cause a shelf hanging phenomenon.

  In addition, when the melting furnace part 6 is cylindrical and the cross-sectional shape in a horizontal plane is circular, the largest protrusion position of the pusher 10 should just be set to the center position of a circular cross section. FIG. 5 shows a view of the cylindrical melting furnace section 6 ′ viewed from above. When the melting furnace section 6 ′ is cylindrical, the stroke width from the side wall on the dry distillation carbonization grate section 4b side of each pusher 10 varies depending on the position of the pusher 10, but any pusher 10 has the maximum protruding position. However, if it is to the vicinity of the center position of the circular cross section of the furnace, it is possible to effectively eliminate the uneven accumulation of the pyrolysis residue and to prevent a shelf hanging phenomenon due to the compression of the pyrolysis residue.

  The pusher 10 is retracted into the side wall 61 in a non-operating state, and can be operated using a driving device such as a motor to protrude into the melting furnace section 6. The pusher 10 may be interlocked with the drive device 43b by using the drive device 43b of the movable carbonized grate 41 as a drive source of the pusher 10.

  In addition, the timing for operating the pusher 10 can be operated before the auxiliary material is charged from the auxiliary material inlet 66 described later. By operating before charging the auxiliary material and leveling the pyrolysis residue, it is possible to prevent the uneven accumulation of the auxiliary material deposited thereon. In this case, for example, when the auxiliary material charging control unit that controls the charging process of the auxiliary material performs the process of charging the auxiliary material, it outputs a signal to the pusher control unit that controls the driving of the pusher. The pusher control unit may operate the pusher 10 based on the signal, and after the pusher 10 is operated, the secondary material charging control unit may load the secondary material, or the operator manually operates the pusher 10. Sub-materials may be charged after this.

  Further, the pusher 10 may be periodically operated at a predetermined constant period. Further, the pusher 10 may be operated when an unbalanced pyrolysis residue is confirmed by an operator's visual observation.

  Further, a sensor for detecting uneven accumulation may be provided in the melting furnace unit 6 and the pusher 10 may be controlled to be operated when the uneven accumulation state of the pyrolysis residue is detected by the sensor. As the sensor, an infrared sensor, an ultrasonic sensor, or the like may be used to detect an unevenly accumulated portion of the pyrolysis residue, or a pyrolysis residue deposited in the melting furnace section 6 is photographed by a camera, and the image processing is performed. The presence or absence of a product state may be detected.

  Further, the sensor is not limited to the sensor that detects the uneven accumulation itself as described above, and may be a sensor that detects the deposition height of the thermal decomposition residue (filled layer 101) in the thermal melting furnace section 6. In the case of the waste melting furnace 1 of the present embodiment, since the pyrolysis residue falls along the side wall 61 from the end of the carbonization grate 4b, the pyrolysis residue accumulates at the repose angle of the pyrolysis residue, and the result As a result, uneven product will occur. Therefore, when it is detected that the pyrolysis residue has accumulated up to the height of the pusher 10, if the pusher 10 is operated, the pyrolysis residue deposited in an unevenly accumulated state can be leveled. Specifically, for example, the position where the pyrolysis residue in the melting furnace section 6 is normally deposited (for example, the lower end position of the throttle section 60) and the upper portion of the carbonization grating section 4 (for example, the supply carbonization grating section 4a). A pressure sensor is disposed above the boundary portion between the carbonized carbonization grate part 4b and the height of the packed bed 101 in the hot melting furnace part 6 can be obtained from the differential pressure. That is, a correspondence relationship between the differential pressure and the height of the pyrolysis residue is obtained in advance, and the pusher 10 may be operated when a differential pressure is detected when the pyrolysis residue is accumulated up to the height of the pusher 10.

  Further, the deposition height of the thermal decomposition residue in the melting furnace section 6 may be detected by a temperature sensor. Specifically, in the melting furnace section 6, the furnace bottom portion where the coke bed 102 and the like exist is very hot, but heat is confined by being covered with the pyrolysis residue. Therefore, if the deposition height of the pyrolysis residue deposited in the melting furnace section 6 is low, the temperature above the melting furnace section 6 or in the carbonization grate section 4 increases. On the other hand, if the deposition height of the pyrolysis residue is high, the temperature decreases. Accordingly, a correspondence relationship between the deposition height of the pyrolysis residue and the temperature at the position where the temperature sensor is arranged is obtained in advance, and when the pyrolysis residue reaches the temperature when it is deposited up to the height of the pusher 10, or below that temperature. In this case, the pusher 10 may be operated.

  In order to eliminate the uneven product, the pusher 10 may reciprocate a plurality of times. When monitoring unevenness by visual observation, it can be operated until it can be confirmed that the unevenness has been eliminated. In addition, when detecting the uneven load by the sensor, the pusher 10 can be operated until the detection indicating the uneven state by the sensor is not performed. When there are a plurality of pushers 10 as in the present embodiment, each pusher 10 may operate at the same timing or may operate at different timings.

  Moreover, since the pusher 10 is arrange | positioned in the high temperature melting furnace part 6, it is preferable to form with the material excellent in heat resistance and fire resistance.

  The pusher 10 is housed in a housing hole formed in the side wall 61 when not in operation, and protrudes from the housing hole during operation. However, when the pusher 10 is housed or during operation, pyrolysis residues are generated. The gap between the pusher 10 and the storage hole is preferably sealed with an appropriate sealing member so as not to enter the drive hole or the like from the storage hole.

  By the pusher 10 described above, the pyrolysis residue accumulated on the side wall 61 side on the carbonized carbonization grate 4b side can be leveled, so that the uneven accumulation of the pyrolysis residue is eliminated at an appropriate timing, and the occurrence of the deposit is prevented. It can be minimized.

  On the other hand, when the pusher 10 is not provided, the thermal decomposition residue dropped from the dry distillation carbonization grate part 4b is piled up on the side wall 61 side in the melting furnace part 6. In the case of uneven accumulation on the side wall 61 side, oxygen blown locally from the tuyeres 63 on the furnace bottom side of the melting furnace section 6 escapes upward, causes an oxidative melting reaction at the upper part of the furnace bottom, and causes clinker adhesion. This hinders stable operation. Moreover, if the pyrolysis residue is unevenly accumulated, coke and limestone charged from above the melting furnace section 6 and deposited on the pyrolysis residue are also likely to be unevenly accumulated. If fuel such as coke is unevenly accumulated, temperature variation occurs at the bottom of the furnace, and deposits and the like are locally generated at locations where the temperature is low. Moreover, if limestone is unevenly accumulated, the basicity will vary, and the fluidity of the melt will deteriorate, preventing stable operation.

  The pusher 10 may be used to eliminate the shelf hanging phenomenon when the shelf hanging phenomenon occurs in the melting furnace section 6. Specifically, for example, when a shelf hanging phenomenon occurs in the upper part of the bottom of the furnace below the pusher 10 (near the lower end of the throttle 60), the pusher 10 is operated to convert the pusher 10 into the pyrolysis residue of the packed bed 101. Pressure and vibration are applied. When force or vibration is applied from the pusher 10, the massive pyrolysis residue that causes the shelf hanging phenomenon can be broken, and the shelf hanging phenomenon can be eliminated.

  In the ceiling portion of the melting furnace section 6, an auxiliary material inlet 66 for charging auxiliary materials such as fuel in the melting furnace section 6 into the melting furnace section 6 is formed. The auxiliary material is, for example, a carbon-based solid fuel for melting non-combustible components contained in the pyrolysis residue, such as coke and biomass carbide, but other carbon-based combustible materials may be used. In addition to the fuel, the auxiliary material may include limestone as a basicity adjusting agent. These auxiliary materials may be charged into the shaft portion 2 from the waste loading port 21 together with the waste.

  A plurality of tuyere 63 are arranged in the circumferential direction on the furnace bottom side of the melting furnace section 6. The tuyere 63 blows oxygen-enriched air into the melting furnace section 6 for burning and melting the pyrolysis residue supplied from the carbonization grate section 4 and the fuel charged from the auxiliary material inlet 66. . The oxygen-enriched air blown into the furnace from the tuyere 63 is, for example, air whose oxygen concentration is increased by mixing oxygen from the oxygen generator 64.

  At the furnace bottom of the melting furnace section 6, a hot water outlet 65 for discharging a melt (that is, slag and metal) generated by melting the pyrolysis residue is formed. The hot water outlet 65 is provided with an opening / closing mechanism (not shown) and discharges the melt intermittently. The melt discharged from the tap 65 is cooled and solidified, and further separated into slag and metal.

  A flow of waste treatment in the waste melting furnace 1 having the above configuration will be described. The waste charged from the waste charging inlet 21 forms a waste filling layer 100 in the shaft portion 2. And the air blown from between the carbonization grate of the carbonization grate part 4, the air blown from the tuyere 63 of the melting furnace part 6, and the gas generated in the waste melting furnace 1 pass through the waste packed bed 100. By exchanging heat with the waste as it passes, the drying and pyrolysis of the waste proceeds. For drying and pyrolysis, the heat generated by the waste itself is also used. The waste on the carbonization grate is pushed out to the melting furnace unit 6 side by the operation of the movable carbonization grate 41 of the dry distillation carbonization grate 4 so that the waste in the waste packed bed 100 is dried and pyrolyzed. The inside of the shaft portion 2 is gradually lowered while reaching the supply carbonization lattice portion 4a below the shaft portion 2. The waste is further pyrolyzed by the supply carbonization grate part 4a, and is moved to the dry distillation carbonization grate part 4b while being stirred by the operation of the movable carbonization grate 41. In the dry distillation carbonization grate part 4b, the waste is further pyrolyzed to become a pyrolysis residue and supplied to the melting furnace part 6. The thermal decomposition residue is preferably 10% or less by weight of moisture and 3% or more by weight of fixed carbon so that the melting treatment can be stably performed in the melting furnace section 6.

  The pyrolysis residue that has dropped into the melting furnace section 6 forms a packed bed 101. Since the pyrolysis residue drops and is supplied from the final stage of the dry distillation carbonization grate part 4b into the melting furnace part 6, it tends to be piled high on the side wall 61 side of the melting furnace part 6 on the dry distillation carbonization grating side. At this time, in the present embodiment, by the operation of the pusher 10, the unevenly accumulated pyrolysis residue can be leveled to suppress the uneven accumulation.

  Coke or the like is charged into the melting furnace section 6 from the auxiliary material inlet 66, and coke and waste carbon are burned by oxygen-enriched air blown from the tuyere 63 at the bottom of the furnace. As a result, a high-temperature coke bed 102 is formed at the furnace bottom, and the ash and incombustible components contained in the thermal decomposition residue are melted by the heat, and are discharged out of the furnace as a melt.

  High-temperature gas including air supplied from between the carbonization grate of the carbonization grate part 4 and air supplied from the tuyere 63 passes through the waste filling layer 100 and reaches the upper part of the shaft part 2 to reach the waste outlet. 22 is discharged. The high-temperature gas discharged from the disposal port 22 is discharged after detoxifying treatment after recovering waste heat with an apparatus such as a boiler.

  According to the waste melting furnace 1 of the present embodiment described above, the pyrolysis residue generated by the thermal decomposition of the waste in the carbonization grate part 4 falls into the melting furnace part 6, and the dry distillation carbonization grate 4b. Even if it is deposited unevenly on the side wall 61 on the side, the unevenly deposited state can be eliminated. By maintaining the state in which the uneven accumulation in the melting furnace section 6 is eliminated, adhesion of solid substances at the furnace bottom of the melting furnace section 6 and variations in temperature and basicity are suppressed, and a stable thermal decomposition residue Can be melted.

  Further, by setting the maximum projecting position of the pusher 10 to the vicinity of the center of the melting furnace section 6 in the supply direction of the pyrolysis residue from the carbonization grate 4b, the pyrolysis residue is compressed by the pusher 10. It is suppressed that it becomes a lump. Thus, the shelf hanging phenomenon due to the operation of the pusher 10 does not occur, and the pyrolysis residue can be stably processed in the melting furnace section 6.

  In addition, the operation of the pusher 10 can provide an effect that it is possible to eliminate the shelf-hanging phenomenon of the thermal decomposition residue generated below the pusher 10.

  Further, by eliminating the uneven load by the pusher 10, for example, the running cost can be suppressed as compared with the case of eliminating the uneven load of the pyrolysis residue by using a blaster for injecting an inert gas.

  In the present embodiment, the pusher 10 has been described as being disposed at the position of the upper end of the throttle unit 60. However, the present invention is not limited to this position. Depending on conditions such as the normal position of the upper surface portion of the packed bed 101 during the operation of the waste melting furnace 1, the vertical position can be set as appropriate. It is preferable to arrange in the range up to the position.

  In the present embodiment, the pusher 10 has been described as having a cylindrical shape, but the present invention is not limited thereto. The shape of the pusher 10 may be a prism such as a triangular prism or a quadrangular prism. Moreover, the surface of the front end part may be inclined, the front end part may be a curved surface, or irregularities may be formed on the front end part.

(Second Embodiment)
Next, a second embodiment will be described. FIG. 6 is a view of the melting furnace portion 6 of the present embodiment as viewed from above, and shows a range including a connection portion with the dry distillation carbonization grate portion 4b. In the description of the present embodiment, the same components as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and duplicate descriptions are omitted.

  The present embodiment is an example in which the pushers 10 are arranged closer to each other in the width direction (Y-axis direction) of the melting furnace section 6 than the first embodiment with a small gap between the pushers 10. By disposing the pusher 10 without any gaps, it is possible to reliably level out the thermal decomposition residue that has accumulated unevenly.

(Third embodiment)
Next, a third embodiment will be described. FIG. 7 is a view of the melting furnace section 6 of the present embodiment as viewed from above, and shows a range including a connection portion with the dry distillation carbonization grate section 4b. In the description of the present embodiment, the same reference numerals are given to the same configurations as those in the first and second embodiments, and duplicate descriptions are omitted.

  The present embodiment is characterized in that the pusher 10 ′ is composed of one wide member. As shown in FIG. 6, the pusher 10 ′ of the present embodiment is formed so as to occupy almost the entire region in the width direction of the melting furnace section 6. The thermal decomposition residue deposited in the melting furnace part 6 is unevenly accumulated on the side wall part 61 side over the entire region in the width direction of the dry distillation carbonization grate part 4b. Therefore, according to the pusher 10 ′ formed so as to occupy the entire width direction of the melting furnace section 6, it is possible to reliably eliminate the uneven accumulation of the pyrolysis residue. Further, the pusher 10 ′ is integral, and there is no gap between the pushers generated when a plurality of pushers are arranged, and the thermal decomposition residue can be leveled more reliably.

  When the width of the melting furnace section 6 is wider than the width of the dry distillation carbonization grating part 4b at the connection position with the melting furnace part 6, the width of the pusher 10 'is the same as the width of the dry distillation carbonization grating part 4b. It may be a degree. If it is about the same as the width of the dry distillation carbonization grate 4b, the thermal decomposition residue can be leveled at least in the range where the thermal decomposition residue falls, so that the uneven product can be eliminated.

  Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, various substitutions, modifications, and changes in form and detail depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined by the description of the claims. It is clear to those skilled in the art that it can be done without any problems. Therefore, the scope of the present invention should not be limited to the above-described embodiments and drawings, but should be determined based on the description of the claims and equivalents thereof.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Waste melting furnace 2 Shaft part 21 Waste inlet 4 Carbonization grate part 41 Movable carbonization grate 42 Fixed carbonization grate 4a Supply carbonization grate part 4b Dry distillation carbonization grate part 6 Melting furnace part 63 Tuyere 65 Tap 10,10 'pusher

Claims (7)

A shaft portion having an inlet into which the waste to be treated is charged;
A carbonized fire grate part connected to a lower part of the shaft part, and a plurality of carbonized fire grates that are thermally decomposed while moving a processing object inserted in the shaft part,
A waste treatment apparatus comprising: a melting furnace section that is connected to the carbonization grate section above a furnace bottom and melts a processing object that has been transported from the carbonization grate section and dropped into the furnace;
A waste treatment apparatus, comprising: a pusher that performs an operation of projecting from the side surface side toward the inner side of the melting furnace portion at a side surface portion of the melting furnace portion below the carbonization grate portion.   2. The pusher protrudes to a position closer to the carbonization-fired lattice portion than an intermediate position between a side surface portion below the carbonization-fired lattice portion and an opposite side surface portion facing the side-surface portion. The waste disposal apparatus described in 1. The melting furnace part comprises a throttle part having a smaller area of the horizontal cross section at the lower end than the area of the horizontal cross section at the upper end.
The waste treatment apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the pusher is disposed in a range from a position of the upper end portion to a position of the lower end portion of the throttle portion.   The waste treatment apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a plurality of the pushers are arranged in a direction orthogonal to an operation direction of the pusher in a plan view of the melting furnace section. A sensor for detecting deposition of the processing object in the melting furnace section;
The waste treatment apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising: a pusher control unit that operates the pusher when the sensor detects accumulation of the treatment object. . A shaft portion having a loading port into which the waste of the processing object is charged, and a plurality of components connected to the lower portion of the shaft portion and thermally decomposed while moving the processing object charged in the shaft portion A carbonization grate part in which a carbonization grate is arranged at the bottom, and a melting unit that is connected to the carbonization grate part above the furnace bottom and that is conveyed from the carbonization grate part and falls into the furnace. A waste treatment apparatus comprising a furnace section,
A pusher that operates to protrude from the side surface portion side to the inside side of the melting furnace portion is operated at a side surface portion of the melting furnace portion below the carbonization grate portion, thereby leveling the processing object in the melting furnace portion. A waste treatment method characterized by the above.   The waste processing method according to claim 6, wherein after operating the pusher, a secondary material used for melting the processing object is charged into the melting furnace section.

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