JP2013254293A - Alarm system - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an alarm system capable of monitoring an abnormality such as a fire disaster at a prescribed spot including fire or a heat source apparatus in spots and suppressing a non-fire notification.SOLUTION: An alarm unit 100-1 and a plurality of smoke measurement chips 10-11 to 10-14 constitute an alarm system A1, for example. The smoke measurement chips 10-11 to 10-14 detect a smoke concentration abnormality indicated by a result of smoke concentration measurement and transmit a smoke concentration abnormality detection signal to the alarm unit 100-1. The alarm unit 100-1 receives the smoke concentration abnormality detection signal from each of the smoke measurement chips 10-11 and 10-12, for example, which are previously associated with each other among the plurality of smoke measurement chips 10-11 to 10-14 and starts storage when an AND condition of the respective smoke concentration abnormality detection is satisfied. When the AND condition has been satisfied over a predetermined storage time, the alarm unit 100-1 determines that the abnormality occurs and outputs a fire alarm, for example, as an abnormality alarm. The alarm unit 100-1 also transmits an abnormality interlock signal to alarm units 100-2 to 100-4 of other alarm systems A2 to A4 and causes the units to output a fire alarm.

Description

The present invention relates to an alarm system that spot-observes a plurality of predetermined local smoke concentrations in a monitoring area, and judges and warns of abnormalities such as a fire.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, alarm devices that detect and warn of abnormalities such as fires in houses and the like have become widespread. Among these, the housing abnormal alarm device is called a housing alarm.

  For example, in such a house alarm, it is operated by a battery power source, and a sensor part for detecting a fire and an alarm part for alarming a fire are integrally provided in the house alarm, based on a fire phenomenon detection signal of the sensor part. When a fire is detected, a fire alarm sound of a predetermined pattern is output from the alarm unit, and the fire alarm and alarm notification can be performed by a single residence guard without the need for a receiver or the like as in the so-called automatic fire alarm facility. Installation is simple and inexpensive, and it has become widespread with the mandatory installation in ordinary houses.

  In addition, by communicating between multiple home alarms, when a fire alarm sound is output from any home alarm, an interlocked home police that outputs a fire alarm sound in conjunction with other home alarms. Containers are also in practical use and are in widespread use.

JP 2007-094719 A Utility Model Registration No. 3143139 JP 2009-140236 A

  Most of the places where fires occur are places where various heat sources such as stoves and gas stoves are used, and places where fire is used, places where fire is used for smoking, waste bins, etc. Etc. In order to detect fires that occur in such places at an early stage, it is only necessary to install residential alarms at or near these locations, but current residential alarms and other fire alarms are It is installed on the ceiling surface and the upper part of the wall surface overlooking the entire monitoring area, and the fire is not monitored in a spot-like manner by further narrowing the location in this monitoring area.

  In order to solve this, it is unreasonable to arrange the home alarms in each region because the number of installed home alarms increases.

  As another method of spot-observing fire locally, for example, a smoke concentration sensor (smoke detector) is installed at or near the monitoring target device, the monitoring target location, and the smoke concentration increase due to the fire is detected. Based on the above, a fire may be detected and a fire detection signal may be output. However, in order to detect and alarm a fire, an alarm unit that performs an acoustic alarm or display is required in addition to a sensor unit that uses a smoke concentration sensor. It is placed directly (close to) a place such as a waste bin to monitor abnormalities such as a fire, which increases the cost and is not practically desirable.

  In addition, the home alarm is installed in a place where it is easy to detect a fire in consideration of convection of smoke or hot air flow, for example, the ceiling surface or the upper part of the wall surface, while the sensor unit and alarm unit, and various operation units are integrated. For example, when it is installed at a high place, it is difficult to operate because it is difficult to reach the operation part, so a place suitable for installation of the sensor part is not necessarily suitable for installation of the alarm part or operation part. There was also a problem that did not match.

  In order to solve this problem, the applicant of the present application includes an alarm device and a plurality of smoke measurement chips assigned to the alarm, and installs the smoke measurement chip in a predetermined area, and the smoke measurement chip indicates the smoke density observation result. When the smoke concentration is higher than the predetermined threshold smoke concentration, an abnormality such as a fire is detected and an abnormality detection signal is transmitted to the alarm device. The alarm device receives the abnormality detection signal from the smoke measurement chip and issues a fire alarm as an abnormality alarm. A warning system for notification is proposed.

  According to such an alarm system, the smoke measuring chip is equipped with a fire or heat source device such as a gas range, a place where the smoke measurement chip is used, a place where fire is used for smoking, particularly a predetermined place in a bed or bedroom where sleeping cigarettes are used. Defects based on the smoke concentration indicated by the spot-observed smoke concentration observation results when installed in a predetermined local area such as a debris container or other equipment or place that is likely to become a relatively fire source Is detected, and an abnormality detection signal is sent to the alarm device to promptly and reliably alarm an abnormality such as a fire that has occurred in a predetermined local area.

  However, when a smoke measuring chip is placed in a specific area such as a kitchen gas range or other equipment that uses fire or heat sources to monitor spot abnormalities such as fires, the smoke concentration due to smoke or water vapor generated during cooking The smoke concentration at the observation point observed by the smoke measuring chip temporarily exceeds the threshold smoke concentration, and there is a possibility that a non-fire report (non-alarm alarm) will be issued from the alarm device.

  For this reason, it is difficult to use a smoke measuring chip close to fire or heat source equipment that generates smoke or water vapor in normal use such as a gas range, and to monitor abnormalities such as fires in a spot. Therefore, it may be impossible to spot-observe abnormalities such as a fire in a predetermined local area such as fire or heat source equipment.

It is an object of the present invention to provide an alarm system that can spot non-fire reports while spot-observing abnormalities such as fires involving the generation of smoke and water vapor, and fires using heat source equipment, as well as predetermined local fires. .

(Alarm system)
The present invention
Multiple smoke density measurement that sends smoke density abnormality detection signal when it is located in a predetermined local area of the monitoring area and smoke density abnormality is detected based on the smoke density indicated by the smoke density observation result Means,
An alarm means for determining an abnormality in the monitoring region based on the smoke density abnormality detection signal received from the plurality of smoke concentration measuring means, and outputting an abnormality alarm when it is determined as abnormal,
In an alarm system with
The alarm means is characterized by determining an abnormality based on a smoke concentration abnormality detection signal received from a plurality of smoke measurement chips associated in advance.

(Setting of threshold smoke density lower than abnormal judgment smoke density)
The plurality of smoke density measuring means sets a predetermined threshold smoke density that is lower than the predetermined smoke judgment smoke density, and detects smoke density abnormality when the smoke density indicated by the smoke density observation result is equal to or higher than the threshold smoke density. Send an abnormality detection signal to the alarm means,
The alarm means determines that an abnormality is detected when a smoke concentration abnormality detection signal is received from each of at least two smoke concentration measurement means associated in advance, and outputs an abnormality alarm.

(Accumulation abnormality judgment)
The alarm means determines that an abnormality has occurred when each smoke concentration abnormality detection signal continues to be received for a predetermined accumulation time after receiving the smoke concentration abnormality detection signal from each of the plurality of smoke concentration measurement means associated in advance. And output an abnormality alarm.

(Difference in threshold smoke density)
The threshold smoke density set for each of the plurality of smoke density measuring means is made different from each other.

(Linked system)
The alarm means outputs an abnormality alarm and transmits an abnormality interlocking signal to the alarm means of another alarm system when it is judged abnormal based on the smoke density abnormality detection signal received from a plurality of smoke density measuring means associated in advance. Then, an abnormality alarm is output. On the other hand, when an abnormality interlocking signal is received from alarm means of another alarm system, an abnormality alarm indicating the interlocking destination is output.

(Basic effect)
According to the present invention, the smoke density abnormality detection signal is transmitted when the smoke density abnormality is detected based on the smoke density indicated by the smoke density observation result by observing the smoke density at the observation point, arranged at a predetermined local area of the monitoring area. A plurality of smoke concentration measuring means, and an alarm means for judging abnormality of the monitoring area based on the smoke concentration abnormality detection signal received from the plurality of smoke concentration measuring means and outputting an alarm for alarm, for example, a fire alarm In the system, based on the smoke density abnormality detection signals received from a plurality of smoke density measuring means associated in advance (based on the success or failure of the AND condition of the smoke density abnormality), an abnormality alarm is output by judging the abnormality. Therefore, when a smoke density abnormality at the observation point is detected for a predetermined local area where the smoke concentration measurement means is disposed in the monitoring area, the smoke density abnormality at the observation point is monitored by another smoke density measurement means associated in advance. Will be an alarm it is determined that abnormality when detecting the smoke density anomalies in each smoke density measuring means associated with each other, the non-abnormal alarm can highly abnormal notification of certainty that suppresses.

(Effect of detecting smoke density abnormalities with threshold smoke density lower than abnormal judgment smoke density)
Further, the plurality of smoke density measuring means set a predetermined low threshold smoke density based on the predetermined abnormality judgment smoke density, and smoke is detected when a smoke density abnormality in which the smoke density indicated by the smoke density observation result is equal to or higher than the threshold smoke density is detected. A concentration abnormality detection signal is transmitted to the alarm means, and the alarm means receives a smoke concentration abnormality detection signal from each of at least two smoke concentration measurement means associated in advance (detection of establishment of an AND condition for smoke concentration abnormality). In this case, the alarm means outputs a warning alarm, so that the alarm means is disposed at a relatively short distance from each other, for example, the smoke density indicated by the smoke density observation results of a plurality of smoke density measuring means associated with each other Does not increase up to the predetermined smoke concentration to be ignited, but it rises to a predetermined threshold smoke concentration lower than that, indicating an abnormal sign. And fire Reliably informed the abnormality alarm at a stage before or abnormal early stage that can discover abnormal early.

  In addition, since smoke abnormalities indicated by the smoke density observation results of a plurality of smoke density measuring means associated in advance are detected and abnormalities are judged, smoke is temporarily detected by specific smoke density measuring means due to factors other than abnormalities. Even if a concentration abnormality is detected, an abnormal alarm is not output unless a smoke density abnormality is detected by another previously associated smoke density measuring means, and the smoke concentration measuring means is provided, for example, for daily use such as a heating device. It is possible to reliably prevent non-abnormality alarms due to smoke concentration increase.

(Effect of accumulated abnormality judgment)
The alarm means receives each smoke density abnormality detection signal from each of the plurality of smoke density measuring means associated in advance (after detecting that the AND condition of the smoke density abnormality has been detected) and for each predetermined accumulation time. When reception of the smoke concentration abnormality detection signal continues (when the AND condition for smoke concentration abnormality continues), it is determined that there is an abnormality and an abnormality alarm is output. Even if a smoke concentration abnormality detection signal is received from each of the smoke concentration measuring means, if it does not continue for a predetermined accumulation time, it is not judged abnormal, and non-abnormality due to temporary smoke concentration abnormality due to a cause other than abnormality An alarm can be prevented more reliably.

(Effect by changing the threshold smoke density)
In addition, since the threshold smoke density set in the plurality of smoke density measuring means associated in advance can be made different from each other, the smoke density abnormality is detected according to the situation of the predetermined local smoke density where the smoke measuring chip is arranged. Appropriate threshold smoke density can be set. For example, when the smoke measuring chip is placed in a fire or heat source equipment such as a gas range where smoke or water vapor is generated during cooking, or around it, the smoke density change due to daily use of the target equipment is detected as abnormal smoke density For example, set the threshold smoke concentration to a high value, and on the other hand, use a device that is likely to be a fire source such as a place where fire is used for smoking, a place where a sleeping cigarette is used For the neighborhood, for example, the threshold smoke density is set to a low value in a range where smoke density change due to smoking is not detected as abnormal smoke density, and the threshold smoke density is set according to the situation of the predetermined local smoke density where the smoke measurement chip is placed By doing so, it is possible to perform abnormality monitoring that achieves both early detection of abnormality and prevention of non-abnormality alarms.

(Effect of detecting abnormalities with smoke concentration measuring means)
Also, the smoke concentration measurement means detects smoke concentration abnormality from the smoke density observation result and sends a smoke concentration abnormality detection signal to the alarm means, so the smoke concentration abnormality from the smoke density indicated by the smoke density observation result on the alarm means side This eliminates the need for processing to detect the alarm and reduces the processing load on the alarm means side.

(Effect of interlocking alarm system)
Also, since one alarm system is constituted by one alarm device and a plurality of smoke measuring chips assigned thereto, and a plurality of the alarm systems can be provided and disposed in each room, for example, an alarm system for a room When an abnormality is detected and alarmed, an abnormal interlocking signal can be sent to an alarm system in another room to notify the alarm, and a multi-communication network between multiple alarm systems can be constructed flexibly and appropriately, It is possible to detect anomalies in a multi-spot manner and provide early warnings in response to monitoring areas such as detached houses, apartment houses, schools, hospitals, and office buildings.

Explanatory drawing showing an installation example of an alarm system according to the present invention Explanatory drawing which showed schematic structure of the alarm system by this invention Explanatory drawing showing the appearance and structure of the smoke measuring chip Explanatory drawing showing another embodiment of the smoke measuring chip Block diagram showing outline of functional configuration of smoke measuring chip Block diagram showing an outline of the functional configuration of the alarm An explanatory diagram showing the relationship between an example of an alarm system installed in a kitchen and a smoke measuring chip Time chart showing abnormality monitoring operation in the normal monitoring state by the alarm system of FIG. Time chart showing abnormality monitoring operation when abnormality occurs by the alarm system of FIG.

[Configuration of alarm system]
(Outline of system configuration)
FIG. 1 shows an installation example of an alarm system according to the present invention for a house. FIG. 2 shows a schematic configuration of the alarm system by taking out an alarm device and a smoke measuring chip. The alarm system of the present invention comprises one alarm device and a plurality of smoke measuring chips.

  When the smoke measuring chip 10 (10-11 to 10-44) is arranged in a predetermined local area in the house (monitoring area), the smoke density at the observation point is observed, and the smoke density abnormality is detected based on the smoke density observation result Smoke density measuring means for transmitting a smoke density abnormality detection signal, and the alarm device 100 (100-1 to 100-4) receives smoke from a plurality of smoke density measuring means assigned and managed respectively. An alarm means for determining an abnormality in the house (monitoring area) based on the concentration abnormality detection signal and outputting an abnormality alarm, based on the smoke concentration abnormality detection signal received from a plurality of smoke measurement chips associated in advance ( Judgment of abnormality (based on success or failure of AND condition of smoke density abnormality) and output abnormality alarm. Further, the plurality of smoke concentration measuring means are arranged in a predetermined local area within the communication range of the alarm means for managing the smoke density measuring means. In the following description, a case where the alarm device 100 outputs a fire alarm as an abnormality alarm will be described as an example.

(Arrangement of alarm and smoke measuring chip)
1 and 2, the smoke measuring chips 10-11 to 10-10 are divided into rooms such as a kitchen, a living room, a children's room, and a main bedroom of the house 14 and correspond to each of the alarm devices 100-1 to 100-4. -14, 10-21 to 10-24, 10-31 to 10-34, 10-41 to 10-44 are allocated and arranged to constitute alarm systems A1 to A4.

  That is, the alarm system A1 is composed of an alarm device 100-1 and smoke measuring chips 10-11 to 10-14, and the alarm system A2 is composed of an alarm device 100-2 and smoke measuring chips 10-21 to 10-24, The alarm system A3 includes an alarm device 100-3 and smoke measuring chips 10-31 to 10-34, and the alarm system A4 includes an alarm device 100-4 and smoke measuring chips 10-41 to 10-44.

  Taking the kitchen alarm system A1 as an example, the smoke measuring chips 10-11 to 10-14 observe the smoke density at each observation point, and if the smoke density abnormality indicated by the smoke density observation result is detected, the smoke density is detected. An abnormality detection signal is transmitted to the alarm device 100-1. The alarm device 100-1 registers a plurality of smoke measurement chips arranged in a predetermined local area and their associations in a memory or the like in advance, and based on smoke concentration abnormality detection signals received from the plurality of smoke measurement chips associated with each other. An abnormality is determined (based on the success or failure of the AND condition of the smoke concentration abnormality), and a fire alarm is output when it is determined that there is an abnormality.

  For example, the alarm device 100-1 pre-registers the smoke measurement chips 10-11 and 10-12, which are close to each other, as the related smoke measurement chips, and receives the smoke measurement chips 10-11 and 10-12 from each of the smoke measurement chips 10-11 and 10-12. Accumulation starts when the smoke density abnormality detection signal is received and the AND condition of the smoke density abnormality detected based on these signals is satisfied, and the AND condition continues to be established for a predetermined accumulation time ΔT. A fire alarm is output.

  Further, the alarm device 100-1 previously registers, for example, the smoke measurement chips 10-13 and 10-14 as a plurality of smoke measurement chips respectively disposed at different predetermined locations, and the smoke measurement chips 10-11 and 10 are registered. Similarly to the case of -12, smoke concentration abnormality detection signals are received from each of the smoke measurement chips 10-13 and 10-14, and accumulation starts when the AND condition of the smoke concentration abnormality detected based on these signals is satisfied. When the AND condition continues to be established for a predetermined accumulation time ΔT, it is determined that there is an abnormality and a fire alarm is output.

  Between the alarm device 100-1 and the smoke measurement chips 10-11 to 10-14, there is a communication path 11 according to a predetermined first communication protocol, and the smoke measurement chips 10-11 to 10-14 pass through this communication path 11. Then, a signal including an alarm group code unique to the alarm system A1 is transmitted to the alarm device 100-1. The same applies to the other alarm systems A2 to A4.

  In the example of FIG. 1, an interlocking group is formed by enabling mutual communication with the alarm devices 100-1 to 100-4 provided in the alarm systems A1 to A4. A communication path 12 according to a predetermined second communication protocol is provided between the alarm devices 100-1 to 100-4, and an interlock configured by a plurality of alarm systems by transmitting and receiving a signal including a predetermined interlock group code. Enable communication within the group. For example, the alarm device 100-1 judges an abnormality based on reception of smoke concentration abnormality detection signals from at least two of the smoke measurement chips 10-11 to 10-14 belonging to its own alarm system (alarm system A1). When the fire alarm indicating the interlock source is output, the abnormal interlock signal is transmitted to the alarm devices 100-2 to 100-4 of the other alarm systems A2 to A4, and the alarm devices 100-2 to 100 that have received the alarm interlock signals are received. -4 outputs a fire alarm indicating the link destination.

  Thus, the present invention links a plurality of alarm systems including at least one alarm system that manages the plurality of smoke measuring chips 10 with one alarm device 100.

  Here, managing a plurality of smoke measurement chips 10 with one alarm device 100 means that a plurality of smoke measurement chips 10 are assigned to one alarm device 100 provided in the alarm system, and the plurality of smoke measurement chips 10 thus allocated are assigned. When the smoke concentration abnormality detection signal transmitted by each of at least two smoke measurement chips 10 associated in advance is effectively received by the alarm device 100, and the AND condition of the smoke concentration abnormality detected based on them is satisfied. Accumulation is started, and when the AND condition is established for a predetermined accumulation time ΔT, it is determined that there is an abnormality and a fire alarm is output.

  Accumulation refers to accumulating the establishment of an AND condition having a smoke concentration abnormality over a predetermined accumulation time. In other words, accumulation refers to the accumulation time measurement when the AND condition with abnormal smoke concentration is established, and the accumulation is canceled when the AND condition with abnormal smoke concentration is not established during the accumulation time measurement. In this case, the accumulation is completed when a predetermined accumulation time has elapsed without being canceled, and it is determined that the AND condition has been established over the accumulation time.

  Further, the interlocking of a plurality of alarm systems means that the alarm device 100 of one alarm system has each of at least two smoke measurement chips 10 associated in advance among the plurality of smoke measurement chips managed by the alarm device. When the smoke density abnormality detection signal that has been transmitted is received effectively, and when the AND condition of the smoke density abnormality detected based on these is satisfied, accumulation starts, and the AND condition continues to be established for a predetermined accumulation time ΔT When a fire alarm indicating the interlock source is output, an abnormal interlock signal is generated, and the abnormal interlock signal is transmitted to an alarm device of another alarm system to output a fire alarm indicating the interlock destination. On the other hand, when an abnormal interlock signal transmitted from any alarm device of another alarm system is received, a fire alarm indicating the interlock destination is output.

  In addition, although the following description takes an example of an interlocking system when the alarm devices 100-1 to 100-4 form an interlocking group, the interlocking group may be formed by some of the alarm systems, or interlocking The alarm systems A1 to A4 may be used as independent systems without forming a group. Hereinafter, when the alarm devices 100-1 to 100-4 and the smoke measurement chips 10-11 to 10-44 are not distinguished from each other, they are referred to as the alarm device 100 and the smoke measurement chip 10.

  Here, the smoke density at the observation point observed by the smoke measuring chips 10-11 to 10-44 is smoke density information indicating the smoke density observed based on the detection signal of the smoke density detecting element (described later). Is called “smoke density” or “observed smoke density”.

  The smoke measuring chip 10 can be disposed in a predetermined local area in the house 14 such as the inside or outside surface of a device using fire, the inside or outside surface of a device serving as a heat source, the inside or outside surface of a waste bin, or the vicinity thereof. In particular, it should be placed in a place where smoke is generated due to overheating, ignition, or smoldering. As the predetermined local area in the house 14, for example, there are a stove and a litter box installed in a kitchen gas stove, a kitchen, a living room and a children's room, a bed in a main bedroom for sleeping cigarettes, a television set in the living room, etc. .

  In each alarm system of the present embodiment, a plurality of smoke measuring chips 10 are arranged and managed by assigning them to one alarm device 100. For this reason, the plurality of smoke measurement chips 10 assigned to the alarm device 100 are arranged in a predetermined local area that falls within the communication range of the alarm device 100 that manages them. The communication range of the alarm device 100 refers to a range in which a signal transmitted from the smoke measuring chip 10 allocated and managed by the alarm device 100 falls within a communication distance that can be effectively received by the alarm device 100.

  The system shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is provided with four alarm systems in which such an alarm device 100 and a smoke measuring chip 10 assigned and managed are combined.

[Configuration of smoke measuring chip]
(Appearance and structure of smoke measuring chip)
3 is an explanatory view showing the appearance of the smoke measuring chip provided in FIG. 1, in which FIG. 3 (A) is a plan view, FIG. 3 (B) is a cross section of the internal structure, and FIG. 3 (C) is a bottom view. Show.

  In FIG. 3, the smoke measuring chip 10 is constituted by a cover 18 molded of, for example, a synthetic resin, and a main body 20 disposed inside the cover 18. The cover 18 has a substantially cylindrical shape opened on the back surface (upper side of FIG. 3B), and has a smoke inlet 38 opened on the outer periphery of the front end side (lower side of FIG. 3B) and smoke detection inside. A chamber 40 is formed. A seal 45 indicating the registration number of the monitoring group is attached to the tip surface of the cover 18 as necessary. Here, the registration number of the monitoring group is a number given for convenience to distinguish a plurality of smoke measuring chips belonging to the monitoring group, and the user attaches a seal 45 with a different registration number to the plurality of smoke measuring chips. For example, it is convenient to create and manage a list of registration numbers and installation locations.

  A light emitting unit 34 using, for example, an infrared LED and a light receiving unit 36 using, for example, a phototransistor are disposed inside the main body 20 facing the smoke detection chamber 40, and both optical axes are used to detect the smoke detection space in the smoke detection chamber 40. As shown in FIG. 4 (A), the light emitting unit 34 and the light receiving unit 36 are arranged so that their optical axes cross diagonally even in the horizontal direction. The scattered light type smoke detection structure is realized.

  The scattered light type smoke detection structure irradiates the smoke detection space with pulsed light generated by intermittent driving of the light emitting unit 34, and this light is scattered by the smoke particles flowing into the smoke detection chamber 40 from the outside. Is received by the light receiving unit 36, converted into an electrical signal, and output as a smoke density detection signal corresponding to the amount of received light scattered.

  The circuit board 22 is disposed on the back side of the main body 20 (upper side in FIG. 3B), and the back opening side of the cover 18 is closed by attaching a lid member 37. A button battery 24 is accommodated between the circuit board 22 and the lid member 37, a positive terminal fitting 32 is in contact with the positive electrode of the button battery 24, and a negative terminal fitting 30 is attached to the negative electrode on the end face of the button battery 24 on the circuit board 22 side. Is touching.

  The button battery 24 is fixed by attaching the battery lid 26 to the opening hole of the lid member 37. The battery lid 26 can be locked by forming L-shaped fitting protrusions at two opposite locations on the inner periphery of the battery lid 26 and inserting the L-shaped fitting protrusions into the fitting notches formed in the opening of the lid member 37 and turning them. The battery cover 26 is formed with a fitting groove 28 for fitting a coin or the like for a turning operation when the button battery 24 is attached or detached.

  Note that the button battery mounting structure of the present embodiment is merely an example, and the button battery 24 can be appropriately attached and detached as necessary.

  A light emitting unit 34, a light receiving unit 36, a control chip 41 and a communication chip 42 are mounted on the lower side of the circuit board 22 in the figure. Further, a display LED (not shown) is mounted on the circuit board 22, and a display window 44 using a transparent resin or the like is disposed on the cover 18 side relative to the display LED.

  A mounting sheet 33 is provided on the outer periphery of the back surface, which is the upper surface side of the lid member 37 in the figure. The attachment sheet 33 is a magnet sheet or an adhesive sheet, and can be easily attached and arranged on a device or place to be monitored. In addition, an attachment means and a method are arbitrary, In addition to the attachment sheet 33, appropriate means, such as a hook, a clip, and a string, can be provided as needed.

(Structure of another embodiment of smoke measuring chip)
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of the smoke measuring chip according to the present invention, characterized in that the smoke detection space in the scattered light type smoke detection structure is formed in the external space.

  In FIG. 4, a light emitting opening and a light receiving opening are formed on the detection surface 20 a on the lower side of the main body 20, which is disposed inside the opening below the cover 18, corresponding to the receiving holes of the light emitting unit 34 and the light receiving unit 36. The light from the light emitting unit 34 is emitted toward the smoke detection point P side of the external smoke detection space through the light emission opening, and the scattered light is scattered by the smoke particles existing in the external smoke detection space. The light enters the light receiving unit 36 through the light receiving opening, is converted into an electric signal, and is output as a smoke density detection signal corresponding to the amount of scattered light received.

  A thin transparent cover 46 is disposed on the lower detection surface 20a provided with the light emitting opening and the light receiving opening of the main body 20, and the light emitting opening and the light receiving opening are closed to prevent dust from entering inside. ing. Since the other structure is the same as that of the embodiment of FIG.

  Thus, by setting the smoke detection space of the scattered light type smoke detection structure in the external space of the main body 20, it is not necessary to form a smoke detection space inside like the smoke measurement chip of FIG. 20 can be made thin.

(Functional configuration of smoke measuring chip)
FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing an outline of the functional configuration of the smoke measuring chip. The smoke measurement chip 10 includes a smoke detector 35, a smoke concentration monitoring controller 48, and a communication unit 50 connected to an antenna 52, and operates by receiving power supply from the button battery 24 shown in FIG. The smoke density monitoring control unit 48 corresponds to the control chip 41 in FIG. 3, and is a function realized by executing a program, for example. As hardware, a CPU, a memory, a computer circuit provided with various input / output ports, or a wired logic circuit is used.

  The communication unit 50 corresponds to the wireless communication chip 42 in FIG. 3 and transmits / receives a signal to / from the alarm device 100-1 according to a predetermined first communication protocol. As the first communication protocol, for example, a short-range communication protocol for a sensor network using a frequency of 900 MHz assigned to RFID (Radio Frequency IDentification “abbreviation of individual identification by radio wave”), that is, 950 to 957 MHz is used. This signal has a format including a transmission source code indicating a transmission source, an alarm group code, a control command, and a detected smoke density abnormality. For example, a serial number is used as the transmission source code.

  The smoke detector 35 has the scattered light type smoke detector structure shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, and includes a light emitter and a light receiver. The smoke detector 35 is provided with a light emission driving circuit (not shown), and the light emitting unit using the infrared LED is intermittently driven to emit light at a predetermined cycle according to an instruction from the smoke density monitoring controller 48. The smoke detector 35 is provided with an amplifier circuit (not shown), amplifies the received light signal of the scattered light received by the light receiver such as a photodiode, and outputs a smoke density detection signal to the smoke density monitor controller 48.

  The smoke density monitoring control unit 48 is a function realized by executing a program by the CPU, for example.

  Based on the detection signal from the smoke detector 35, the smoke density monitoring control unit 48 observes the smoke concentration at the observation point at predetermined intervals, and when the smoke density indicated by the smoke density observation result is equal to or higher than the threshold smoke density Sth, the smoke density is monitored. An abnormality is detected, the communication unit 50 is instructed, and control is performed to output a smoke concentration abnormality detection signal to the alarm device 100. Smoke density abnormality detection calculates the smoke density change rate from the smoke density observed over multiple times, and detects when the smoke density change rate (increase rate) exceeds a predetermined change rate threshold. Also good. In addition, the smoke density abnormality may be detected by various calculations based on the smoke density.

  Here, the smoke density monitoring control unit 48 sets a predetermined smoke density Sth, which is lower than 15% / m, for example, as a smoke density threshold value Sth for detecting a smoke density abnormality. The threshold smoke density Sth is set as necessary when the user installs an alarm system in accordance with the situation of a predetermined local smoke density where the smoke measuring chip 10 is arranged.

  For example, when the smoke measuring chip 10 is placed in a predetermined local area in or near a fire or heat source equipment or place such as a kitchen gas range, a smoke density change due to daily use of the target equipment is detected as a smoke density abnormality. For example, the threshold smoke density Sth is set to a high value such as Sth = 10% / m.

  In addition, a place where smoke is used for smoke measurement chip 10, a predetermined place in a bed or bedroom where sleeping cigarettes are used, and a predetermined local area such as a device or place where there is a high possibility of being a fire source such as litter. That is, when it is arranged in a predetermined local area that is not in the vicinity of fire or heat source equipment or place, for example, the threshold smoke concentration Sth is set to a low Sth, for example, so as not to detect a smoke concentration change due to water vapor or the like from the humidifier. = Set to 5% / m.

  Specifically, for example, the smoke concentration monitoring control unit 48 initially sets a threshold smoke concentration Sth = 5% / m, and when installing the alarm system, the user sets the smoke concentration monitoring chip 10 at a predetermined local area. In addition, if necessary, the threshold smoke density that is initially set is changed to the threshold smoke density.

  In addition, the smoke density monitoring control unit 48 determines the smoke density indicated by the smoke density observation result observed at predetermined intervals based on the detection signal from the smoke detecting unit 35 during the transmission of the smoke density abnormality detection signal instructed to the communication unit 50. When the smoke density is lower than the threshold smoke density Sth, the restoration of the smoke density abnormality (detection of the smoke density abnormality detection state) is detected, and the communication unit 50 is instructed to output the smoke density abnormality restoration detection signal to the alarm device 100. Take control.

[Alarm configuration]
FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing an outline of a functional configuration of the alarm device 100-1. 6 shows the alarm device 100-1 of the alarm system A1, the configurations of the alarm devices 100-2 to 100-4 of the other alarm systems A2 to A4 are the same.

(Functional configuration of alarm device)
In FIG. 6, the alarm device 100-1 includes an alarm control unit 102, a first communication unit 104 connected to an antenna 106, a second communication unit 108 connected to an antenna 110, a notification unit 112, and an operation unit 114, which are not shown. It operates with a power source, for example a battery power source. Moreover, the alarm device 100-1 includes a memory (not shown) for registering and storing an ID for identifying each of the smoke measuring chips 10 managed by the alarm device 100-1 and the relationship between these IDs. The alarm control unit 102 can be read out.

  The alarm control unit 102 uses a computer circuit or a wired logic circuit equipped with a CPU, memory, various input / output ports, and the like.

  The 1st communication part 104 receives the instruction | indication of the alarm control part 102, and transmits / receives a signal according to a 1st communication protocol between the smoke measurement chips 10-11 to 10-14. As in the case of the communication unit 50 of the smoke measuring chip 10, this signal has a format including a transmission source code indicating a transmission source, an alarm group code, and an event code indicating an event such as smoke density abnormality detection. The smoke density abnormality detection signal described above corresponds to this signal. The alarm group code is a code unique to the alarm system (in this case, A1). By using such an alarm group code, a smoke concentration abnormality detection signal or the like is detected between the other adjacent alarm systems A2 to A4. Interference of communication messages can be avoided.

  The 2nd communication part 108 transmits / receives an interlocking signal according to a predetermined | prescribed 2nd communication protocol between the alarm devices 100-2 to 100-4 of other alarm systems. The interlock signal is assigned as a unique identifier to each alarm device 100, and is used as a code indicating the transmitter when transmitting the signal. Code) and an event code indicating an event such as an abnormality. The alarm device 100-1 forms an interlocking group that transmits and receives interlocking signals with the alarm devices 100-2 to 100-4 according to the second wireless communication protocol, and the interlocking group code is a code unique to this group. By using such interlocking group codes, it is possible to avoid interference of interlocking signals with other adjacent groups.

  In the case of transmission / reception using the second communication protocol in Japan, for example, STD-30 (a wireless equipment standard for a low power security system radio station) or STD- known as a standard for a specific low power radio station in the 400 MHz band. Conforms to T67 (standard for low-power radio station telemeter, telecontrol and data transmission radio equipment).

  The notification unit 112 includes a speaker, an LED, and respective drive circuits. The notification unit 112 outputs an alarm sound from the speaker according to an instruction from the alarm control unit 102 as needed, and displays an alarm with the LED. The operation unit 114 includes various switches such as an alarm stop switch that receives an operation for stopping an alarm sound and / or an alarm display. The operation unit 114 also includes a registration operation unit that performs a registration operation for registering and storing the IDs for identifying the plurality of smoke measurement chips 10 managed by the alarm device 100-1 and their associations in the memory. . The alarm device 100-1 may be provided with a display unit that displays information necessary for the registration operation.

  The alarm control unit 102 is a function realized by executing a program of the CPU, and performs the following control.

(Fire alarm control)
The alarm control unit 102 stores a plurality of smoke measurement chips arranged in a predetermined local area and their relations in a memory as necessary, and registers them in advance, and detects smoke detected by a plurality of smoke measurement chips associated with each other. If the AND condition of concentration abnormality is satisfied and this continues for a predetermined accumulation time ΔT, it is determined that the abnormality is abnormal (determined) and a fire alarm is output.

  FIG. 7A is an example of a kitchen in which an alarm system A1 is arranged. The alarm device 100-1 is arranged at a wall surface position where the display is easy to see and operate, and the smoke measuring chip 10-11 is arranged in the immediate vicinity of the gas range 16. (Closely arranged), separately, the smoke measuring chip 10-12 is disposed near the gas range 16, and the smoke measuring chips 10-13 and 10-14 are disposed relatively far from the gas range 16. .

  When the smoke measuring chips 10-11 to 10-14 are arranged in a predetermined local area as shown in FIG. 7A, the alarm control unit 102 measures smoke as shown in the list (table) of FIG. 7B, for example. For each of the chips 10-11 to 10-14, a plurality of smoke measuring chips 10 arranged at predetermined local locations related to each other are registered in advance in a memory or the like (not shown in FIG. 6) as related. Yes.

  For example, the smoke measurement chip 10-11 disposed in the immediate vicinity of the gas range 16 is registered in association with the smoke measurement chip 10-12 disposed in the vicinity thereof, and the smoke measurement chip 10-12 is adjacent to the smoke measurement chip 10-12. The smoke measurement chips 10-11 and 10-13 are registered in association with each other, the smoke measurement chip 10-13 is registered in association with the smoke measurement chip 10-12.10-14, and the smoke measurement chip 10-14 is registered with smoke. The measurement chip 10-13 is associated and registered. This is an example, and it is assumed that the smoke density chip 10-11 is associated with the smoke density chip 10-12 to 10-14, and the smoke density chip 10-12 to 10-14 is associated with the smoke density chip 10-11, respectively. Various registration patterns can be selected according to the occurrence of abnormalities.

  For the IDs of the smoke measurement chips 10-11 to 10-14, an identifier such as a transmission source code is used.

  Further, the alarm control unit 102 belongs to the alarm system A1 via the first communication unit 104 and is transmitted from at least two smoke measurement chips 10 that are associated with each other, for example, the smoke measurement chips 10-11 and 10-12. The smoke concentration abnormality detection signal according to the received first communication protocol is detected, and the AND condition of the smoke concentration abnormality detected by the smoke measurement chips 10-11 and 10-12 is established based on this. If it continues for a predetermined accumulation time ΔT, it is judged as abnormal and a fire alarm is output.

  For this abnormality determination, the alarm control unit 102 stores, for example, a smoke concentration abnormality detection flag assigned to each of the smoke measurement chips 10-11 to 10-14 in the memory, and the smoke measurement abnormality detection signal is output from the smoke measurement chip 10. Is successfully received, the corresponding smoke concentration abnormality detection flag is set, and then the corresponding smoke concentration abnormality detection flag is reset when the smoke concentration abnormality recovery detection signal is effectively received from the same smoke measurement chip 10.

  Further, for example, when the alarm control unit 102 effectively receives a smoke concentration abnormality detection signal from the smoke measurement chip 10-11 and sets a smoke concentration abnormality detection flag corresponding to the smoke measurement chip 10-11, the smoke measurement chip 10- 11, the smoke density abnormality detection flag corresponding to the smoke measurement chip 10-12 associated with the smoke measurement chip 10-12 is referred to, and the smoke density abnormality detection flag of both of the smoke measurement chips 10-11 and 10-12 is set. When it is determined that the AND condition of the smoke density abnormality detected by the measurement chips 10-11 and 10-12 is satisfied, the accumulation is started, and when the predetermined accumulation time ΔT has elapsed, both of the smoke density abnormality detection flags are again detected. Is checked, and it is determined that the AND condition of abnormal smoke concentration is satisfied (determined that the AND condition continues for a predetermined accumulation time ΔT) In the case), the alarm unit 112 is determined to be abnormal and the fire alarm is output.

  As a fire alarm in this case, for example, a voice message such as “Please confirm that a fire has been detected” is repeatedly output from the speaker, and the LED is lit, for example.

  Further, the alarm control unit 102 starts accumulation when the AND condition of abnormal smoke density detected by at least two smoke measuring chips 10 associated in advance is established, and the establishment of the AND condition over a predetermined accumulation time ΔT is continued. When a fire alarm is output based on the fact that the abnormality is detected, an abnormal interlock signal is generated in accordance with the second communication protocol, and the abnormal interlock signal is transmitted from the second communication unit 108 to another alarm system. Control to transmit to the alarm devices 100-2 to 100-4 is performed, and a fire alarm indicating the interlock destination is output by the alarm devices 100-2 to 100-4 of other alarm systems that have effectively received the abnormal interlock signal. In this case, the fire alarm indicating the interlocking destination performs a control to repeatedly output a voice message such as “Please confirm that a fire has been detected in another location” from the speaker and to blink the LED, for example.

  When the alarm control unit 102 detects the effective reception of the abnormal interlocking signal transmitted by any of the alarm devices 100-2 to 100-4 of the other alarm systems via the second communication unit 108, the alarm control unit 102 Control is performed to output a fire alarm (alarm sound and / or alarm display) indicating the link destination.

  “Detecting effective reception of signal” means that the alarm group code or the interlocking group code included in the received signal matches the alarm group code or the interlocking group code registered in advance in its own memory as the receiving device. Recognized as a signal addressed to the self (a signal from the smoke measuring chip 10 under its control or a signal within the interlocking group to which the self belongs), and there is no abnormality (error) in the signal content It means that you recognized that. Hereinafter, such effective reception may be simply referred to as reception.

(Abnormality recovery control)
The alarm control unit 102 includes at least two smoke measurement chips 10 that are associated in advance via the first communication unit 104 and that are related to the success or failure of an AND condition. ) Here, the abnormality recovery detection according to the first communication protocol of the smoke measuring chips 10-11 and 10-12, for example, which has transmitted the smoke concentration abnormality detection signal from which the alarm device 100-1 has output the fire alarm Each smoke concentration abnormality detection flag is reset by detecting the effective reception of the signal (the AND condition for smoke density abnormality recovery is satisfied), and the reset state of each smoke concentration abnormality detection flag is the same as in the case of abnormality determination, for example. When it continues for the accumulation time ΔT (when the smoke concentration abnormality detection signal is received and the smoke concentration abnormality detection flag is not set during the accumulation time ΔT), the notification unit 112 While stopping the fire alarm output (alarm sound and / or alarm display) indicating the interlocking destination caused by the smoke concentration abnormality detection signal, the abnormality recovery interlocking signal according to the second communication protocol is generated, and the second communication unit 108 Instructing and performing control to transmit the abnormality recovery interlocking signal to the alarm devices 100-2 to 100-4 of the other alarm systems, and receiving the same to the alarm devices 100-2 to 100-4 of the other alarm systems, Stops the fire alarm output (alarm sound and / or alarm display) indicating the linkage destination caused by the same smoke concentration abnormality detection signal.

  Further, the alarm control unit 102 notifies when an effective reception of the abnormality recovery interlocking signal transmitted from any of the alarm devices 100-2 to 100-4 of other alarm systems via the second communication unit 108 is detected. Control which stops the fire alarm output (alarm sound and / or alarm display) which shows the interlocking | linkage destination from the part 112 is performed.

  The abnormality recovery control detects the effective reception of the abnormality recovery detection signal from at least one of, for example, the smoke measurement chips 10-11 and 10-12 associated with the smoke concentration abnormality detection signal transmitted in advance, thereby detecting the smoke concentration abnormality. It may be performed when the detection flag is reset and the reset state of the smoke density abnormality detection flag continues for the same predetermined accumulation time ΔT as in the case of fire determination, for example.

(Alarm stop control)
When the alarm control unit 102 detects the alarm stop operation received by the alarm stop switch of the operation unit 114 while the fire alarm is being output as the interlock source, the alarm control unit 102 outputs a fire alarm output (alarm sound and / or Or alarm display), and generates an alarm stop interlocking signal in accordance with the second communication protocol and instructs the second communication unit 108 to send the alarm stop interlocking signal to the alarm devices 100-2 to 100-2 of other alarm systems. The control which transmits to 100-4 is performed, and the alarm device 100-2 to 100-4 of the other alarm system which received this stops the fire alarm output (alarm sound and / or alarm display) which shows an interlocking destination.

  Further, the alarm control unit 102 notifies when an effective reception of the alarm stop interlocking signal transmitted by any of the alarm devices 100-2 to 100-4 of other alarm systems is detected via the second communication unit 108. Control which stops the fire alarm output which shows the interlocking | linkage destination from the part 112 is performed.

[Alarm system operation]
Next, the abnormality monitoring operation by the alarm system of the present invention will be described taking the alarm system A1 shown in FIG. 7 as an example. Note that the distinction between the first communication protocol and the second communication protocol in signal transmission / reception is omitted.

(Operation in normal monitoring state)
FIG. 8 shows a normal monitoring state with the smoke measuring chip 10-11 disposed in the immediate vicinity of the gas range 16 of the alarm system A1 installed in the kitchen of FIG. 7A and the smoke measuring chip 10-12 associated therewith. An example is shown in which an abnormality monitoring operation is shown and smoke concentration abnormality is detected due to daily factors.

  That is, FIG. 8 (A) shows the time change of the observed smoke concentration, smoke concentration abnormality detection, recovery detection, and smoke concentration abnormality detection flag in the alarm device 100-1 of the smoke measuring chip 10-11 arranged in the immediate vicinity of the gas range 16. FIG. 8B shows an observed smoke concentration, smoke concentration abnormality detection, recovery detection of the smoke measurement chip 10-12 associated with the smoke measurement chip 10-11, and a smoke concentration abnormality detection flag in the alarm device 100-1. In FIG. 7C, the abnormality determination status of the alarm device 100-1 is shown.

  When the gas range 16 is used for cooking in the kitchen of FIG. 7 (A), the smoke concentration observed by the smoke measuring chip 10-11 disposed in the immediate vicinity of the gas range 16 is shown in FIG. 8 (A). For example, after rising above the threshold smoke density Sth at the time t1, the threshold smoke density Sth falls below the threshold smoke density Sth at the time t3, rises again above the threshold smoke density Sth at the time t5, and then rises above the threshold smoke density Sth at the time t7. The change below is repeated.

  In this case, the smoke measuring chip 10-11 detects the smoke density abnormality at time t1, transmits a smoke density abnormality detection signal to the alarm device 100-1, and detects the smoke density abnormality recovery at time t3 to restore the smoke density abnormality. The detection signal is transmitted to the alarm device 100-1, the smoke density abnormality is detected again at time t5, the smoke density abnormality detection signal is transmitted to the alarm device 100-1, and the smoke density abnormality recovery is detected at time t7, and the smoke is detected. A concentration abnormality recovery detection signal is transmitted to the alarm device 100-1.

  The alarm device 100-1 effectively receives each signal transmitted by the smoke measuring chip 10-11, sets a smoke concentration abnormality detection flag at time t1 corresponding to these signals, resets the smoke concentration abnormality detection flag at time t3, At time t5, the smoke density abnormality detection flag is set, and at time t7, the smoke density abnormality detection flag is reset.

  On the other hand, the smoke concentration of the smoke measurement chip 10-12 associated with the smoke measurement chip 10-11 changes with a time delay with respect to the smoke measurement chip 10-11 as shown in FIG. After rising above the threshold smoke density Sth at t2, it falls below the threshold smoke density Sth at time t4, rises again, rises above the threshold smoke density Sth at time t6, and then changes below the threshold smoke density Sth at time t8 ing.

  Therefore, the smoke measuring chip 10-12 detects the smoke density abnormality at time t2 and transmits a smoke density abnormality detection signal to the alarm device 100-1, and detects the smoke density abnormality recovery at time t4 to detect the smoke density abnormality recovery. The signal is transmitted to the alarm device 100-1, the smoke density abnormality is detected again at time t6, the smoke density abnormality detection signal is transmitted to the alarm device 100-1, and the smoke density abnormality recovery is detected at time t8 to detect the smoke density. An abnormality recovery detection signal is transmitted to the alarm device 100-1.

  The alarm device 100-1 effectively receives the signal transmitted by the smoke measuring chip 10-12, sets the smoke concentration abnormality detection flag at time t2 corresponding to these, resets the smoke concentration abnormality detection flag at time t4, At time t6, the smoke density abnormality detection flag is set, and at time t8, the smoke density abnormality detection flag is reset.

  The alarm device 100-1 determines whether or not the AND condition of the smoke density abnormality detection flag corresponding to the smoke measurement chips 10-11 and 10-12 is satisfied, and the smoke measurement chips 10-11 and 10-12 at time t2. When it is determined that the AND condition in which both the smoke density abnormality detection flags corresponding to “2” are in the set state is established, accumulation starts. However, the smoke density abnormality detection flag corresponding to the smoke measurement chips 10-11 and 10-12 is reset by resetting the smoke density abnormality detection flag by detecting the recovery of the smoke measurement chip 10-11 at time t3 before the accumulation time ΔT elapses. Are not set, and the AND condition does not continue to be satisfied over the accumulation time ΔT.

  Accumulation starts even when the smoke density abnormality detection flags corresponding to the smoke measurement chips 10-11 and 10-12 are both set at time t6 and the AND condition is satisfied, and at time t7, the smoke measurement chip 10-11 is started. When the smoke concentration abnormality detection flag is reset by the recovery detection, the AND condition in which the smoke concentration abnormality detection flags corresponding to the smoke measurement chips 10-11 and 10-12 are both set is not satisfied, and the AND condition is not maintained over the accumulation time ΔT. Since the establishment does not continue, it is not judged abnormal.

  As described above, in the alarm system according to the present invention, the smoke concentration observed in the smoke measurement chips 10-11 and 10-12 associated in advance is set to be equal to or higher than the threshold smoke concentration Sth due to some factor other than an abnormality such as a fire. When a smoke concentration abnormality is temporarily detected due to fluctuations, it is possible to reliably prevent the occurrence of a non-abnormality alarm (non-fire report) by judging this as abnormal.

(Operation when abnormality occurs)
FIG. 9 shows an operation when a fire with the gas range 16 as a fire occurs in the kitchen of FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 9A, the observed smoke density of the smoke measuring chip 10-11 arranged in the immediate vicinity of the gas range 16 that became the source of fire rises to the threshold smoke density Sth or more at time t1, and then at time t3. It falls below the threshold smoke density Sth, rises again, and becomes equal to or higher than the threshold smoke density Sth at time t5.

  In this case, the smoke measuring chip 10-11 detects the smoke density abnormality at time t1 and transmits a smoke density abnormality detection signal to the alarm device 100-1, and detects the smoke density abnormality recovery at time t3 to detect the smoke density abnormality. The abnormality recovery detection signal is transmitted to the alarm device 100-1, and the smoke concentration abnormality is detected again at time t5, and the smoke concentration abnormality detection signal is transmitted to the alarm device 100-1.

  The alarm device 100-1 effectively receives each signal transmitted from the smoke measuring chip 10-11, sets the smoke concentration abnormality detection flag at time t1 corresponding to these signals, and resets the smoke concentration abnormality detection flag at time t3. At time t5, the smoke density abnormality detection flag is set.

  On the other hand, the smoke density of the smoke measurement chip 10-12 associated with the smoke measurement chip 10-11 changes with a time delay with respect to the smoke measurement chip 10-11 as shown in FIG. After rising above the threshold smoke density Sth at t2, it falls below the threshold smoke density Sth at time t4, rises again, and becomes above the threshold smoke density Sth at time t6.

  Therefore, the smoke measuring chip 10-12 detects the smoke density abnormality at time t2 and transmits a smoke density abnormality detection signal to the alarm device 100-1, and detects the smoke density abnormality recovery at time t4 to detect the smoke density abnormality recovery. A signal is transmitted to the alarm device 100-1, the smoke concentration abnormality is detected again at time t6, and a smoke concentration abnormality detection signal is transmitted to the alarm device 100-1.

  The alarm device 100-1 effectively receives each signal transmitted by the smoke measuring chip 10-12, sets the smoke concentration abnormality detection flag at time t2 corresponding to these signals, and resets the smoke concentration abnormality detection flag at time t4. At time t6, the smoke density abnormality detection flag is set.

  The alarm device 100-1 starts accumulating when it is determined at time t2 that the AND condition in which the two smoke density abnormality detection flags corresponding to the smoke measurement chips 10-11 and 10-12 are both set is satisfied. However, the AND condition is not satisfied by resetting the smoke density abnormality detection flag by the recovery detection of the smoke measuring chip 10-11 at the time t3 before the accumulation time ΔT elapses, and the AND condition does not continue for the accumulation time ΔT. Is not judged abnormal.

  On the other hand, the accumulation starts when it is determined that the AND condition in which the smoke density abnormality detection flags corresponding to the smoke measurement chips 10-11 and 10-12 are set at the time t6, and the accumulation time ΔT has elapsed. At t7, both smoke density abnormality detection flags are in the set state and the AND condition continues to be established over the accumulation time ΔT. Therefore, it is determined that there is an abnormality and a fire alarm (alarm sound and / or alarm display) indicating the interlocking source is issued. Outputs an abnormal interlocking signal, instructs the second communication unit 108, transmits the abnormal interlocking signal to the alarm devices 100-2 to 100-4 of other alarm systems, and receives the alarm of the alarm system The devices 100-2 to 100-4 are caused to perform a fire alarm output (alarm sound and / or alarm display) indicating the linkage destination.

  As described above, in the present invention, the smoke measurement chip 10 is set with the threshold smoke density Sth lower than the abnormality determination smoke density, and the smoke density abnormality is detected. 11 and 10-12, when the AND condition of the smoke density abnormality detected is established and accumulation starts, and when the AND condition continues to be established over a predetermined accumulation time ΔT, it may be determined as abnormal. With respect to the timing of the abnormality determination based on the abnormality determination smoke density, it can be determined and notified at an early stage without causing a large time delay.

  8 and 9 show the abnormality determination based on the smoke density abnormality detection of the two smoke measurement chips 10-11 and 10-12, which are associated in advance by the alarm device 100-1, but are associated in advance. Alternatively, the abnormality may be determined based on the smoke density abnormality detection of the three smoke measuring chips 10. In this case, the alarm device 100-1 detects whether or not the AND condition for detecting each smoke concentration abnormality is established from the states of the three smoke concentration abnormality detection flags set based on the smoke concentration abnormality detected by the three smoke measuring chips 10. Accumulation is started when the AND condition in which all three smoke density abnormality detection flags are set is established, and it is determined that the AND condition is established for a predetermined accumulation time ΔT. To do.

[Modification of the present invention]
(Abnormality judgment)
In the above embodiment, the AND condition of smoke density abnormality detected by a plurality of smoke measuring chips associated in advance is established and accumulation is started, and the AND condition is continuously established over a predetermined accumulation time. However, if an AND condition with abnormal smoke concentration is established, it is judged as a fire sign and a fire forecast alarm is output, and then the AND condition continues to be established over a specified accumulation time. In such a case, it may be determined that an abnormality has occurred (an abnormality is confirmed) and an abnormality alarm may be output.

(Communication protocol)
In each of the above embodiments, the communication between the alarm device and the smoke measuring chip is performed according to the first communication protocol, and the communication between the alarm devices is performed according to the second communication protocol. For example, another channel may be used. If it does in this way, it is not necessary to provide a 1st communication part and a 2nd communication part in an alarm device, and a structure can be simplified as one communication part.

(Correspondence between alarm device and smoke measuring chip)
In each of the above embodiments, a smoke measuring chip is allocated to all alarm devices to configure a plurality of alarm systems. However, an alarm system only having an alarm device without allocation of smoke measuring chips is provided, and other alarm systems are provided. It is also possible to receive only the abnormal alarm by receiving the abnormal forecast interlocking signal and / or the abnormal interlocking signal from the alarm device of the alarm system.

(Communication form)
In the above embodiment, each communication is wireless. However, any part or all of the communication may be wired communication.

(Applications other than housing)
The above embodiment can be applied not only to residential use but also to monitoring abnormalities in various uses such as buildings and offices.

(Other)
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, includes appropriate modifications that do not impair the objects and advantages thereof, and is not limited by the numerical values shown in the above-described embodiments.

10-11 to 10-44: Smoke measuring chip 35: Smoke detection unit 48: Smoke density monitoring control unit 50: Communication unit 100-1 to 100-4: Alarm device 102: Alarm control unit 104: First communication unit 108: Second communication unit 112: notification unit 114: operation unit

Claims (5)

Multiple smoke density measurement that sends smoke density abnormality detection signal when it is located in a predetermined local area of the monitoring area and smoke density abnormality is detected based on the smoke density indicated by the smoke density observation result Means,
Alarm means for judging an abnormality in the monitoring region based on a smoke concentration abnormality detection signal received from the plurality of smoke concentration measuring means and outputting an abnormality alarm;
In an alarm system with
An alarm system characterized in that the alarm means judges an abnormality based on a smoke density abnormality detection signal received from a plurality of smoke density measuring means associated in advance and outputs an abnormality alarm.
The alarm system according to claim 1, wherein
The plurality of smoke density measuring means set a predetermined threshold smoke density that is lower than a predetermined abnormality judgment smoke density, and detects a smoke density abnormality in which the smoke density indicated by the smoke density observation result is equal to or higher than the threshold smoke density To send a smoke concentration abnormality detection signal to the alarm means,
The alarm system is characterized in that, when a smoke concentration abnormality detection signal is received from each of at least two smoke concentration measurement means associated in advance, it is determined that the alarm is abnormal and an abnormality alarm is output.
3. The alarm system according to claim 2, wherein the alarm means receives the smoke density abnormality detection signal from each of the plurality of smoke density measuring means associated in advance, and then detects each smoke concentration for a predetermined accumulation time. An alarm system characterized in that when an abnormality detection signal continues to be received, it is determined that an abnormality has occurred and an abnormality alarm is output.
3. The alarm system according to claim 2, wherein threshold smoke concentrations set in the plurality of smoke concentration measuring means associated in advance are different from each other.
  2. The alarm system according to claim 1, wherein the alarm means outputs an abnormality alarm when it is judged abnormal based on a smoke concentration abnormality detection signal received from the plurality of smoke concentration measuring means associated in advance. An abnormal alarm signal is output by sending an abnormal interlock signal to the alarm means of another alarm system. On the other hand, when an abnormal interlock signal is received from the alarm means of another alarm system, an abnormal alarm indicating the interlock destination is output. An alarm system featuring.

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