JP2013196579A - Alarm system and system interlocked therewith - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To detect a fire and generate an alarm by observing smoke density locally on specific equipment and at local spots that could cause a fire using compact, simple, and low-cost smoke measurement chips and alarm units with alarm generators which are located separately away from the smoke measurement chips.SOLUTION: Each alarm system (A1-A4) comprises one alarm unit (100-1 to 100-4) and a plurality of associated smoke measurement chips (10-11 to 10-43). For example, each of the smoke measurement chips (10-11 to 10-13) of the alarm system A1 transmits a smoke density measurement signal, which includes smoke density information corresponding to a result of smoke density observation thereby at a designated spot, such as vicinities of a stove and a waste basket, to the alarm unit 100-1 which generates a fire alarm when the smoke density contained in the received smoke density measurement signal indicates a fire. The alarm unit 100-1 also causes the alarm units (100-2 to 100-4) of the other alarm systems (A2 to A4) to generate fire alarms by transmitting a fire interlocking signal thereto.

Description

The present invention relates to an alarm system for observing a predetermined local smoke density in a monitoring area in a spot manner, detecting a fire and giving an alarm, and an interlocking system thereof.

  Conventionally, alarm devices that detect and warn of abnormalities such as fires in homes and the like have become widespread. Of these, residential fire alarms are referred to as residential alarms.

  For example, in such a house alarm, it is operated by a battery power source, and a sensor part for detecting a fire and an alarm part for alarming a fire are integrally provided in the house alarm, and a fire is detected based on a detection signal of the sensor part. When detected, a warning alarm sound of a predetermined pattern is output from the alarm unit to notify, and the fire monitor and alarm notification can be performed by a single residential alarm without the need for a receiver or the like as in the so-called automatic fire alarm facility. It is easy to install and inexpensive in terms of cost, and has become widespread with the mandatory installation in ordinary houses.

  In addition, by communicating between multiple home alarms, when a fire alarm sound is output from any home alarm, an interlocked home police that outputs a fire alarm sound in conjunction with other home alarms. Containers are also in practical use and are in widespread use.

JP 2007-094719 A Utility Model Registration No. 3143139 JP 2009-140236 A

  Many of the places where fires occur are places where fires such as various stoves and gas stoves are used, places where fires are used for smoking, waste bins, etc. In the case of arson, they are places where garbage is collected. In order to detect fires that occur in such places at an early stage, it is only necessary to install residential alarms at or near these locations, but current residential alarms and other fire alarms are It is installed on the ceiling surface and the upper part of the wall surface overlooking the entire monitoring area, and the fire is not monitored in a spot-like manner by further narrowing the location in this monitoring area.

  In order to solve this, it is unreasonable to arrange the home alarms in each region because the number of installed home alarms increases.

  As another method of spotting a fire in a spot, for example, a smoke sensor may be installed at or near a monitoring target device or a monitoring target location to detect the fire and output a fire detection signal. However, in order to detect and alarm a fire, in addition to a sensor unit that uses a smoke sensor, an alarm unit that performs an acoustic alarm or display is required. It is placed directly in a place such as a container to monitor the fire, which increases the cost and is not practically desirable.

  In addition, the home alarm is installed in a place where it is easy to detect a fire in consideration of convection of smoke or hot air flow, for example, the ceiling surface or the upper part of the wall surface, while the sensor unit and alarm unit, and various operation units are integrated. For example, when it is installed at a high place, it is difficult to operate because the operation part is not reachable, so the location suitable for installation of the sensor unit does not necessarily match the location suitable for installation of the alarm unit or operation unit There was also the problem of not doing.

The present invention is a small, simple, low-cost smoke measuring chip and an alarm device that is separately arranged and provided with an alarm unit, for example, the inside or outer surface of a device using fire, the inside of a device that becomes a heat source, To provide an alarm system and a linked system for detecting a fire by spot-observing a predetermined local smoke density such as an outer surface, inside or outside of a waste bin, a dust collection place, and the vicinity thereof. Objective.

(Alarm system)
The present invention provides an alarm system,
A plurality of smoke density measuring means installed in a predetermined area, observing the smoke density at the observation point and transmitting a smoke density measurement signal including the smoke density indicated by the smoke density observation result;
Alarm means for outputting a fire alarm when a fire is detected based on the smoke density of the smoke density measurement signal received from any of the plurality of smoke density measurement means;
It is provided with.

(Fire detection with a single threshold)
The alarm means detects a fire and outputs a fire alarm when the smoke density of the smoke density measurement signal received from any of the plurality of smoke density measurement means is equal to or higher than a predetermined smoke density.

(Fire detection with two-stage threshold)
The alarm means detects a fire sign and outputs a fire forecast alarm when the smoke density of the smoke density measurement signal received from any of the plurality of smoke density measurement means is equal to or higher than a predetermined first threshold smoke density, When the density is equal to or higher than a predetermined second threshold smoke density higher than the first threshold smoke density, a fire is detected and a fire alarm is output.

(Linking alarm means)
When the alarm means detects a fire based on the smoke density of the smoke density measurement signal received from any of the plurality of smoke density measurement means, it outputs a fire alarm indicating the interlock source and to the alarm means of another alarm system A fire interlock signal is transmitted to output a fire alarm indicating the interlock destination. On the other hand, when a fire interlock signal is received from alarm means of another alarm system, a fire alarm indicating the interlock destination is output.

(Linked system)
The present invention provides an interlocking system,
One or a plurality of smoke density measuring means arranged at a predetermined local area, observing the smoke density at the observation point and transmitting a smoke density measurement signal including the smoke density indicated by the smoke density observation result;
When a fire is detected based on the smoke density of the smoke density measurement signal received from one or more smoke density measurement means, a fire alarm indicating the linkage source is output and the fire linkage to other alarm system alarm means An alarm means for outputting a fire alarm indicating the interlock destination when a fire interlock signal is transmitted from the alarm means of another alarm system, while outputting a fire alarm indicating the interlock destination by transmitting a signal;
Multiple alarm systems equipped with
At least one of the plurality of alarm systems includes a plurality of smoke concentration measuring means.

(Basic effect)
According to the present invention, the smoke density measuring means is disposed at a predetermined location, the smoke density measuring means transmits a smoke density measurement signal including the smoke density indicated by the smoke density observation result at the observation point to the alarm means, Because a fire alarm system is configured to output a fire alarm when a fire is detected based on the smoke density of the smoke density measurement signal received from the smoke density measurement means, the smoke density measurement means can be used in various stove, gas stove, etc. The installation place, the limited place where fire is used for smoking etc., especially the place where sleeping cigarettes are used, the predetermined place of the bedroom and the bedroom, etc. By arranging them in a predetermined area such as in the vicinity of them, the smoke density indicated by the smoke density observation result observed in a spot manner is sent to an alarm means to detect a fire, and a fire that has occurred in a predetermined local area is quickly and reliably alarmed. That is, it can be appropriately addressed to the user.

(Effect of expanding the monitoring area)
Moreover, the predetermined locality where the smoke concentration measuring means to be allocated and managed by the alarm means can be set within the communication range between the alarm means and the smoke concentration measuring means. Even for a wide area compared with the monitoring area covered by the unit, it is not only necessary to install a plurality of inexpensive smoke concentration measuring means, but also to install a plurality of inexpensive smoke concentration measuring means, which is not only low cost, but also easy and A desired monitoring system can be constructed flexibly.
(Effects of installing alarm means)
The alarm means is not limited to a place where smoke concentration monitoring is required, and can be freely installed in a place where an alarm sound can be easily heard, an alarm display can be easily seen, and a switch operation can be easily performed. In this way, the smoke concentration measuring means that is the sensor section and the alarm means that is the warning section can be installed at optimum locations, respectively.

(Effects of arrangement of smoke concentration measurement means)
In particular, the smoke concentration measuring means according to the present invention is directly placed on a device or a local area that can be a relative source of fire compared to other smoke types, and detects and raises smoke concentration increase due to a hot air flow associated with a conventional fire. Compared to conventional fire detectors and residential alarms, it is possible to quickly detect fires or signs of fire from the smoke concentration increase in the early stage of fire, and to notify the fire alarm from the alarm means and take appropriate measures Are better.

(Effects of downsizing of smoke concentration measuring means)
The smoke concentration measuring means functioning as a sensor unit can be reduced in size and power consumption due to the absence of an alarm unit. For example, one alarm unit is installed in a room to be monitored, and the like. It is possible to easily and easily realize an apparatus that can prepare a plurality of smoke concentration measuring means and can be a fire generation source and an alarm system that is locally arranged to detect and detect a fire in a multi-spot manner at a sufficiently low cost.

(Effect of detecting fire with alarm means)
In addition, since the alarm means detects a fire based on the smoke density of the smoke density measurement signal received from the smoke density measurement means, the smoke density measurement means observes the smoke density at the observation point and indicates the smoke density observation result. It is only necessary to transmit a smoke density measurement signal including the concentration to the alarm means, and therefore the configuration of the smoke density measurement means is simplified, and the size and cost can be reduced.

(Effects of two-stage threshold)
The warning means sets the threshold smoke density with respect to the smoke density in two steps, high and low, detects a fire sign indicating a fire sign above the lower threshold smoke density, outputs a fire forecast warning, By detecting a fire at a smoke concentration or higher and outputting a fire alarm, it is possible to know the signs of the fire at an early stage and take an appropriate response by the fire forecast alarm issued before the fire alarm.

(Effect of interlocking alarm system)
Also, since one alarm system is formed by one alarm means and a plurality of smoke density measuring means assigned to the alarm means, and a plurality of alarm systems can be provided and arranged in each room, for example, an alarm in a room When a system detects a fire and issues an alarm, it can send a fire-linked signal to an alarm system in another room to notify the alarm and flexibly and appropriately construct a multi-communication network between multiple alarm systems. In addition, it can detect fires in a multi-spot manner in response to monitoring areas such as detached houses, apartment houses, schools, hospitals, office buildings, and provide early warnings.

(Effects of outdoor monitoring)
Further, since the smoke concentration measuring means according to the present invention can be installed and used easily and easily regardless of the location, the smoke concentration measuring means is installed not only indoors but also in an appropriate place to be monitored outdoors, for example, outdoor dust. Even if the fire is fired at an accumulation place or storage, it is notified at an early stage before the fire spreads, and the user can know the fire and take appropriate measures.

Explanatory drawing showing an installation example of an alarm system according to the present invention Explanatory drawing which showed schematic structure of the alarm system by this invention Explanatory drawing showing the appearance and structure of the smoke measuring chip Explanatory drawing which showed other embodiment of the structure of a smoke measuring chip Block diagram showing outline of functional configuration of smoke measuring chip Block diagram showing an outline of the functional configuration of the alarm

[Configuration of alarm system]
(Outline of system configuration)
FIG. 1 shows an installation example of an alarm system according to the present invention for a house. FIG. 2 shows a schematic configuration of the alarm system by taking out an alarm device and a smoke measuring chip. The alarm system of the present invention comprises one alarm device and one or more smoke measuring chips.

  Smoke measuring chip 10 (10-11 to 10-43) is arranged in a predetermined local area, observes (acquires) the smoke density at the observation point, and transmits a smoke density measurement signal including the smoke density indicated by the smoke density observation result. The alarm device 100 (100-1 to 100-4) detects a fire based on the smoke density of the smoke density measurement signal received from the smoke density measurement means assigned and managed by the alarm device 100 (100-1 to 100-4). In this case, it is an alarm means for outputting a fire alarm, and the smoke concentration measuring means is disposed in a predetermined local area within the communication range of the alarm means for managing this.

(Arrangement of alarm and smoke measuring chip)
1 and 2, alarm devices 100-1 to 100-4 are installed in each room such as a kitchen, a living room, a child's room, and a main bedroom of the house 14, and each of the alarm devices 100-1 to 100-4 is installed. Corresponding to the smoke measuring chips 10-11 to 10-13, 10-21 to 10-23, 10-31 to 10-33, 10-41 to 10-43, and the alarm systems A1 to A4 are assigned. Configure.

  That is, the alarm system A1 is composed of an alarm device 100-1 and smoke measuring chips 10-11 to 10-13, and the alarm system A2 is composed of an alarm device 100-2 and smoke measuring chips 10-21 to 10-23, The alarm system A3 includes an alarm device 100-3 and smoke measuring chips 10-31 to 10-33, and the alarm system A4 includes an alarm device 100-4 and smoke measuring chips 10-41 to 10-43.

  Taking the kitchen alarm system A1 as an example, each of the smoke measuring chips 10-11 to 10-13 observes the smoke density at the observation point and outputs a smoke density measurement signal including the smoke density indicated by the smoke density observation result as an alarm device. 100-1 is transmitted. The alarm device 100-1 detects a fire based on the smoke density of the smoke density measurement signal received from the smoke measurement chips 10-11 to 10-13, and outputs a fire alarm.

  Between the alarm device 100-1 and the smoke measurement chips 10-11 to 10-13, there is a communication path 11 according to a predetermined first communication protocol, and the smoke measurement chips 10-11 to 10-13 are alarmed via this path. A signal including an alarm group code unique to the alarm system A1 is transmitted to the device 100-1. The same applies to the other alarm systems A2 to A4.

  Moreover, in the example of FIG. 1, the interlocking group is formed so that mutual communication is possible between the alarm devices 100-1 to 100-4 provided in the alarm systems A1 to A4, and the interlock system is formed as a whole. A communication path 12 according to a predetermined second communication protocol is provided between the alarm devices 100-1 to 100-4, and an interlock configured by a plurality of alarm systems by transmitting and receiving a signal including a predetermined interlock group code. Enable communication within the group. For example, when the alarm device 100-1 detects a fire based on any of the smoke concentration measurement signals received from the smoke measurement chips 10-11 to 10-13, it outputs a fire alarm indicating the interlocking source and other alarms. The fire interlocking signal is transmitted to the alarm devices 100-2 to 100-4 of the systems A2 to A4, and the alarm devices 100-2 to 100-4 that have received the fire interlock signal are caused to output a fire alarm indicating the interlocking destination.

  As described above, the present invention links a plurality of alarm systems including at least one alarm system that manages one or a plurality of smoke measurement chips 10 with one alarm device 100.

  Here, managing the plurality of smoke measurement chips 10 by the alarm device 100 assigns the plurality of smoke measurement chips 10 to the alarm device 100, and receives the smoke concentration measurement signal received from any one of the allocated plurality of smoke measurement chips 10. A fire alarm is output when a fire is detected based on the smoke concentration.

  In addition, interlocking a plurality of alarm systems means that the alarm device 100 of one alarm system detects a fire based on the smoke concentration of the smoke concentration measurement signal received from any of the plurality of smoke measurement chips managed by the alarm device. In such a case, a fire alarm indicating the interlock source is output and a fire interlock signal is generated, and the fire interlock signal is transmitted to an alarm device of another alarm system to output a fire alarm indicating the interlock destination. When a fire interlock signal transmitted from any of the alarm systems of the alarm system is received, a fire alarm indicating the interlock destination is output.

  In addition, although the following description takes an example of an interlocking system when the alarm devices 100-1 to 100-4 form an interlocking group, the interlocking group may be formed by some of the alarm systems, or interlocking The alarm systems A1 to A4 may be used as independent systems without forming a group. Hereinafter, when the alarm devices 100-1 to 100-4 and the smoke measurement chips 10-11 to 10-43 are not distinguished from each other, they are referred to as the alarm device 100 and the smoke measurement chip 10.

  Here, the smoke concentration observation results at the observation points acquired by the smoke measurement chips 10-11 to 10-43 are indices indicating the smoke concentration observed (acquired) based on the smoke concentration detection signal from the smoke detector (described later). This is certain smoke density information, which is called “smoke density” or “measured smoke density”.

  The smoke measuring chip 10 can be disposed in a predetermined local area in the house 14 such as the inside or outside surface of a device using fire, the inside or outside surface of a device serving as a heat source, the inside or outside surface of a waste bin, or the vicinity thereof. In particular, install in a place where smoke is generated due to overheating or ignition. As a predetermined local area in the house 14, for example, a stove 14 and a waste bin 15 installed in the vicinity of the gas stove 13 of the kitchen, the kitchen, the living room, and the child room, a bed 16 of the main bedroom for sleeping cigarettes, and the living room are installed. The television 17 is taken as an example.

  For example, in the case of a kitchen provided with an alarm system A1, the alarm device 100-1 is installed at a position such as a wall surface where the display is easy to see and operate, and the smoke measuring chip 10-11 is directly attached to the outer surface of the stove 14. The smoke measuring chip 10-12 is installed inside the waste bin 15, and the smoke measuring chip 10-13 is arranged in the vicinity of the gas stove 13.

  In each alarm system of the present embodiment, one or a plurality of smoke measuring chips 10 are arranged, and this is assigned to one alarm device 100 for management. For this reason, the 1 or several smoke measurement chip | tip 10 allocated to the alarm device 100 is arrange | positioned in the predetermined local area which enters the communication range of the alarm device 100 which manages these. The communication range of the alarm device 100 refers to a range in which a signal transmitted from the smoke measuring chip 10 allocated and managed by the alarm device 100 falls within a communication distance that can be effectively received by the alarm device 100.

  The system shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is provided with four alarm systems in which such an alarm device 100 and a smoke measuring chip 10 assigned and managed are combined.

  The smoke measuring chip 10 managed by the alarm device 100 only needs to be within the communication range of the alarm device 100. Therefore, the alarm device 100 may be installed in a different room from the smoke measuring chip 10 managed by the alarm device 100. . Further, the smoke measuring chips 10 belonging to the same alarm system need not be installed in the same room.

[Configuration of smoke measuring chip]
(Appearance and structure of smoke measuring chip)
3 is an explanatory view showing the appearance of the smoke measuring chip provided in FIG. 1, in which FIG. 3 (A) is a plan view, FIG. 3 (B) is a cross section of the internal structure, and FIG. 3 (C) is a bottom view. Show.

  In FIG. 3, the smoke measuring chip 10 is constituted by a cover 18 molded of, for example, a synthetic resin, and a main body 20 disposed inside the cover 18. The cover 18 has a substantially cylindrical shape opened on the back surface (upper view in FIG. 3B), and has a plurality of smoke inlets 38 on the outer periphery on the tip side (lower view in FIG. 3B). A smoke detection chamber 40 is formed. A seal 45 indicating a number for identifying the ID of the smoke measuring chip 10 is attached to the front surface of the cover 18 as necessary.

  A light emitting unit 34 using, for example, an infrared LED and a light receiving unit 36 using, for example, a phototransistor are disposed inside the main body 20 facing the smoke detection chamber 40, and both optical axes are used to detect the smoke detection space in the smoke detection chamber 40. As shown in FIG. 3 (A), the light emitting unit 34 and the light receiving unit 36 are arranged so that their optical axes cross diagonally even in the horizontal direction, as shown in FIG. Intersection P), thereby forming a known scattered light type smoke detection structure. In addition to such a scattered light type smoke detection structure, an appropriate smoke detection structure such as one using a chemical change can be applied.

  Referring to FIG. 3B again, the scattered light type smoke detection structure irradiates the smoke detection space with pulsed light generated by intermittently driving the light emitting unit 34, and from the outside through the smoke inlet. Scattered light generated when light hits smoke particles flowing into 40 is received by the light receiving unit 36 and converted into an electrical signal, and a smoke density detection signal corresponding to the received light scattered light amount is output. In addition, although the so-called labyrinth structure which can distribute | circulate the smoke from the outside is provided in the side part facing the smoke inflow port of the smoke detection chamber 40, description is abbreviate | omitted.

  The circuit board 22 is disposed on the back side of the main body 20 (upper side in FIG. 3B), and the back opening side of the cover 18 is closed by attaching a lid member 37. A button battery 24 is accommodated between the circuit board 22 and the lid member 37, a positive terminal fitting 32 is in contact with the positive electrode of the button battery 24, and a negative electrode is provided on the negative electrode on the end surface of the button battery 24 located on the circuit board 22 side. The terminal fitting 30 is in contact.

  The button battery 24 is fixed by attaching the battery lid 26 to the opening hole of the lid member 37. The battery lid 26 can be locked by forming L-shaped fitting protrusions at two opposite locations on the inner periphery of the battery lid 26 and inserting the L-shaped fitting protrusions into the fitting notches formed in the opening of the lid member 37 and turning them. The battery cover 26 is formed with a fitting groove 28 for fitting a coin or the like for a turning operation when the button battery 24 is attached or detached.

  Note that the button battery mounting structure of the present embodiment is merely an example, and the button battery 24 can be appropriately attached and detached (replaceable) as necessary.

  A light emitting unit 34, a light receiving unit 36, a control chip 41 and a communication chip 42 are mounted on the lower side of the circuit board 22 in the figure. Further, a display LED (not shown) is mounted on the circuit board 22, and a display window 44 using a transparent resin or the like is disposed on the cover 18 side relative to the display LED.

  An attachment sheet 33 is provided on the outer periphery of the back surface of the temperature measuring chip 10 on the upper surface side of the lid member 37 in the figure. The attachment sheet 33 is a magnetic sheet or an adhesive sheet, and can be easily attached and arranged on a device or place to be monitored. In addition, an attachment means and a method are arbitrary, In addition to the attachment sheet 33, appropriate means, such as a hook, a clip, and a string, can be provided as needed.

(Structure of another embodiment of smoke measuring chip)
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of the smoke measuring chip according to the present invention, characterized in that the smoke detection space in the scattered light type smoke detection structure is formed in the external space.

  In FIG. 4, on the lower detection surface 20a of the main body 20 housed in the cover 18, a light emitting opening (light emitting light transmitting part) and a light receiving opening (light receiving) corresponding to the housing holes of the light emitting part 34 and the light receiving part 36 are shown. A light transmitting part), and the light from the light emitting part 34 is emitted through the light emitting opening toward the smoke detecting point P (intersection of the light emitting axis and the light receiving axis) of the external smoke detecting space. Scattered light scattered by the smoke particles present in the light enters the light receiving unit 36 through the light receiving opening and is converted into an electrical signal, and a smoke density detection signal corresponding to the received light scattered light amount is output.

  A thin transparent cover 46 is disposed on the lower detection surface 20a of the main body 20 provided with a light emitting opening and a light receiving opening, and the light emitting opening and the light receiving opening are closed to prevent dust from entering the inside. Since the other structure is the same as that of the embodiment of FIG. In addition, since the smoke measuring chip of this embodiment is not provided with a smoke detection chamber surrounded by a labyrinth structure or the like, signal processing or the like is performed to eliminate the influence of ambient light.

  In this way, by setting the smoke detection point P of the scattered light type smoke detection structure outside the main body 20, it is not necessary to form a smoke detection space inside like the smoke measurement chip of FIG. The structure of 20 can be simplified and the whole can be made thin.

(Functional configuration of smoke measuring chip)
FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing an outline of the functional configuration of the smoke measuring chip. Although FIG. 5 shows the smoke measuring chip 10-11, the same applies to the other smoke measuring chips 10-12 to 10-43. The smoke measuring chip 10-11 shown in FIG. 5 includes a smoke detecting unit 35, a smoke density measuring control unit 48, and a communication unit 50 connected to an antenna 52, and operates by receiving power supply from the button battery 24 shown in FIG. . The smoke density measurement control unit 48 is a function realized by executing a program, for example. As the hardware, a control circuit 41 shown in FIG. 3 is used, and a computer circuit or a wired logic circuit having a CPU, a memory, various input / output ports, and the like are used.

  The communication unit 50 corresponds to the wireless communication chip 42 in FIG. 3 and transmits / receives a signal to / from the alarm device 100-1 according to a predetermined first communication protocol. As the first communication protocol, for example, a short-range communication protocol for a sensor network using a frequency of 900 MHz assigned to RFID (Radio Frequency IDentification “abbreviation of individual identification by radio wave”), that is, 950 to 957 MHz is used. This signal has a format including data such as a transmission source code, an alarm group code (alarm system identification code), a control command, and smoke density, which are identifiers indicating the transmission source.

  The smoke detector 35 has the scattered light type smoke detector structure shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, and includes a light emitter and a light receiver. The smoke detector 35 is provided with a light emission drive circuit (not shown), and the light emission unit using the infrared LED is intermittently driven to emit light at a predetermined cycle according to an instruction from the smoke density measurement control unit 48. The smoke detector 35 is provided with an amplifier circuit (not shown), amplifies the received light signal of the scattered light received by the light receiver such as a photodiode, and outputs the smoke density detection signal to the smoke density measurement controller 48.

  The smoke density measurement control unit 48 is a function realized by executing a program by the CPU, for example.

  The smoke density measurement control unit 48 observes the smoke density at the observation point based on an instruction from the alarm device 100, for example, and transmits a smoke density measurement signal including the smoke density indicated by the smoke density observation result. That is, the smoke concentration measurement control unit 48 emits the light emitting unit of the smoke detecting unit 35 when it detects the effective reception of the collective AD conversion signal transmitted at every predetermined period from the home alarm device 100 via the communication unit 50. Drives, receives light in synchronization with this, observes the smoke density based on the smoke density detection signal output from the light receiving unit, and then designates its own address (for example, its source code) to be transmitted When a polling signal is effectively received, a smoke concentration measurement signal including the smoke concentration (or its moving average) indicated by the smoke concentration observation result is generated and instructed to the communication unit 50. Control to transmit to 100 is performed.

  In this way, by observing and transmitting the smoke density according to the instruction from the home guard 100, it is possible to avoid a collision (transmission failure) of smoke density measurement signals transmitted from the plurality of smoke measurement chips 10. Also, the smoke concentration observation timings of the plurality of smoke measurement chips 10 can be matched.

  Note that the smoke density measurement control unit 48 voluntarily observes the smoke density every predetermined period and transmits a smoke density measurement signal including the smoke density indicated by the smoke density observation result, regardless of the instruction from the alarm device 100. You may make it do. In this case, carrier sense is performed so as not to overlap with transmission of smoke concentration measurement signals from other smoke measurement chips, and transmission is performed at a timing when there is no carrier.

  The alarm system according to the present invention includes a smoke measuring chip 10 having such a smoke detecting unit and a temperature detection element such as a thermistor or a thermocouple to acquire predetermined local temperature information and include the temperature information. A temperature measurement chip that transmits a temperature measurement signal to the alarm device 100 may be mixed and provided. As will be described below, when the alarm device 100 receives a smoke concentration measurement signal or a temperature measurement signal from either the smoke measurement chip or the temperature measurement chip of its own group, the alarm device 100 detects a fire sign or a fire based on this signal. To output predetermined fire forecast alarms and fire alarms. Then, the alarm device 100 transmits the fire forecast interlock signal and the fire interlock signal to the other alarm devices 100, and the other alarm device 100 that receives the alarm outputs the fire forecast alarm and the fire alarm as the interlock destination.

[Alarm configuration]
FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of the alarm device 100-1. 5 shows a schematic configuration of the alarm device 100-1 of the alarm system A1, but the same applies to the alarm devices 100-2 to 100-4 of the other alarm systems A2 to A4.

(Functional configuration of alarm device)
In FIG. 6, the alarm device 100-1 includes an alarm control unit 102, a first communication unit 104 connected to an antenna 106, a second communication unit 108 connected to an antenna 110, a notification unit 112, and an operation unit 114, which are not shown. It operates with a power source, for example a battery power source.

  The alarm control unit 102 is a function realized by executing a program, for example. As hardware, a CPU, a memory, a computer circuit provided with various input / output ports, or a wired logic circuit is used.

  The 1st communication part 104 receives the instruction | indication of the alarm control part 102, and transmits / receives a signal according to a 1st communication protocol between the smoke measurement chips 10-11 to 10-13. As in the case of the communication unit 50 of the smoke measuring chip 10-11, this signal has a format appropriately including an event code such as a transmission source code indicating a transmission source, an alarm group code, and a fire. The smoke density measurement signal described above corresponds to this signal. The alarm group code is a code unique to the alarm system (in this case, A1). By using such an alarm group code, communication of smoke concentration measurement signals and the like with other adjacent alarm systems A2 to A4 is performed. It is possible to avoid the interference of telegrams.

  The 2nd communication part 108 transmits / receives an interlocking signal according to a predetermined | prescribed 2nd communication protocol between the alarm devices 100-2 to 100-4 of other alarm systems. The interlock signal is assigned as a unique identifier to each alarm device 100, and is used as a code indicating the transmitter when transmitting the signal. Code), and a format including an event code indicating an event such as a fire. The alarm device 100-1 forms an interlocking group that transmits and receives interlocking signals with the alarm devices 100-2 to 100-4 according to the second wireless communication protocol, and the interlocking group code is a code unique to this group. By using such interlocking group codes, it is possible to avoid interference of interlocking signals with other adjacent groups.

  In the case of communication in the second communication protocol in Japan, STD-30 (radio equipment standard of a low power security system radio station) or STD- known as a standard of a specific low power radio station of 400 MHz band, for example. Conforms to T67 (standard for low-power radio station telemeter, telecontrol and data transmission radio equipment).

  The notification unit 112 includes a speaker, an LED, and respective drive circuits. The notification unit 112 outputs an alarm sound from the speaker according to an instruction from the alarm control unit 102 as needed, and displays an alarm with the LED. The operation unit 114 includes various switches such as an alarm stop switch that receives an operation for stopping an alarm sound and / or an alarm display.

  The alarm control unit 102 is a function realized by executing a program of the CPU, and performs the following control.

(Smoke density observation control)
The alarm control unit 102 instructs the first communication unit 104 and performs batch AD conversion according to the first communication protocol from the first communication unit 104 to the smoke measurement chips 10-11 to 10-13 of the alarm system A1 at predetermined intervals. The control which transmits a signal is performed and the smoke measurement chip | tip 10-11 to 10-13 which received this performs smoke density observation operation. Subsequently, the alarm control unit 102 instructs the first communication unit 104 to send a polling signal designating each address of the smoke measurement chip 10, for example, a transmission source code that is an identifier assigned to each smoke measurement chip 10 to the first communication. The smoke density including the smoke density indicated by the smoke density observation result from the smoke measurement chips 10-11 to 10-13 that has received the polling signal is controlled to be transmitted from the unit 104 to the smoke measurement chips 10-11 to 10-13 Send measurement signals sequentially.

  In addition, regardless of the instruction from the alarm device 100-1, the smoke measurement chip 10 voluntarily observes the smoke density at predetermined intervals and transmits the smoke density measurement signal including the smoke density indicated by the smoke density observation result. In this case, the control for observing the smoke density by transmitting the batch AD conversion signal and the polling signal described above becomes unnecessary.

(Fire alarm control)
The alarm control unit 102 detects a fire when the smoke density of the smoke density measurement signal received from the smoke measurement chip 10 is equal to or higher than the threshold smoke density Sth, for example, Sth = 15% / m or higher, and the alarm source 114 determines the link source. Control to output the indicated fire alarm. Fire detection is based on the smoke concentration observed over multiple times, and the smoke concentration change rate is calculated when the smoke concentration change rate (increase rate) exceeds a predetermined change rate threshold. Also good. In addition, a fire may be detected by various calculations based on the smoke density.

  As an example of a fire alarm indicating the interlock source that the alarm control unit 102 outputs from the notification unit 114, a case where a fire is detected based on the smoke concentration of the smoke measuring chip 10-11 is taken as an example. “Please check” and repeatedly output a voice message from the speaker and turn on the LED, for example. Here, “No. 1” is information for identifying the smoke measuring chip 10-11 that has detected a fire.

  That is, the smoke concentration measurement signal transmitted from the smoke measurement chip 10 to the alarm device 100 includes a code (transmission source code) for specifying the smoke measurement chip 10 as the transmission source. And the code | symbol which identifies each smoke measurement chip | tip and the voice message content of a fire alarm are linked | related within the memory of the alarm device 100 by the initial setting etc. FIG. Therefore, it recognizes the smoke measuring chip that sent the smoke density measurement signal including the smoke density that detected the fire as described above, and correspondingly, the voice message of the fire alarm includes information indicating the installation location, for example. Content.

  In addition, when the alarm control unit 102 outputs a fire alarm from the notification unit 112, the alarm control unit 102 generates a fire interlocking signal in accordance with the second communication protocol together with this, and instructs the second communication unit 108 to generate another alarm system. Fire alarm indicating the interlock destination in the alarm devices 100-2 to 100-4 of other alarm systems that perform control to transmit the fire interlock signal to the alarm devices 100-2 to 100-4 Is output. In this case, as a fire alarm indicating the interlocking destination, for example, a voice message such as “Please confirm that a fire has been detected at another place in PPP” is repeatedly output from the speaker and the LED is blinked, for example.

  When the alarm control unit 102 detects the effective reception of the fire-linked signal transmitted by any of the alarm devices 100-2 to 100-4 of the other alarm systems via the second communication unit 108, the notification unit 112 Control to output a fire alarm (alarm sound and / or alarm display) indicating the link destination from.

  “Detecting effective reception of signal” means that the alarm group code or the interlocking group code included in the received signal matches the alarm group code or the interlocking group code registered in advance in its own memory as the receiving device. Recognized as a signal addressed to the self (a signal from the smoke measuring chip 10 under its control or a signal within the interlocking group to which the self belongs), and further recognized that there is no abnormality in the signal content Means that Hereinafter, such effective reception may be simply referred to as reception.

(Fire recovery control)
The alarm control unit 102 outputs a fire alarm indicating a link source from the notification unit 112 and then transmits the smoke concentration measurement signal 10 that is the source of the fire alarm, in this case, the alarm device 100-1 fires. For example, when the smoke density of the smoke density measurement signal received from the smoke measuring chip 10-11 that is the source of the alarm is lower than the threshold smoke density Sth = 15% / m, for example, for a predetermined time, or for example, a predetermined number of times. If the fire is detected (fire detection state has been resolved), the fire alarm output from the notification unit 112 indicating the interlocking source caused by the fire detection is stopped, and the fire in accordance with the second communication protocol is performed. Generate a recovery interlock signal, instruct the second communication unit 108, perform control to transmit the fire recovery interlock signal to the alarm devices 100-2 to 100-4 of other alarm systems, and receive this And the alarm 100-2 to 100-4 other alarm system to stop the fire alarm output (warning sound and / or alarm display) indicating the interlocking destination due to the same fire detection.

  Also, the alarm control unit 102 notifies the user when the effective reception of the fire recovery interlock signal transmitted by any of the alarm devices 100-2 to 100-4 of the other alarm systems is detected via the second interlock communication unit 108. Control which stops the fire alarm output (alarm sound and / or alarm display) which shows the interlocking | linkage destination from the part 112 is performed.

  In addition, when it is set as the content which does not specify the smoke measurement chip | tip 10 which causes a fire alarm, for example, it is set as the alarm message which does not include "No. 1" of the interlocking source in the above example, and "No. 1" of the interlocking destination. In some cases, the alarm device 100 outputs an alarm based on the fact that a fire has been detected based on smoke concentration measurement signals that are effectively received from a plurality of smoke measurement chips 10 under its control, and transmission of an interlocking signal. When the fire alarm is performed, the fire alarm sound and / or alarm display output is stopped and the fire recovery interlock signal is output until the fire recovery is detected based on the smoke concentration measurement signal received from all of the smoke measuring chips 10 that caused the problem. Do not send.

(Alarm stop control)
When the alarm control unit 102 detects the alarm stop operation received by the alarm stop switch of the operation unit 114 while the fire alarm is being output as the interlock source, the alarm control unit 102 outputs a fire alarm output (alarm sound and / or Or alarm display), and generates an alarm stop interlocking signal in accordance with the second communication protocol and instructs the second communication unit 108 to send the alarm stop interlocking signal to the alarm devices 100-2 to 100-2 of other alarm systems. The control which transmits to 100-4 is performed, and the alarm device 100-2 to 100-4 of the other alarm system which received this stops the fire alarm output (alarm sound and / or alarm display) which shows an interlocking destination.

  When the alarm control unit 102 detects the effective reception of the alarm stop interlocking signal transmitted from any of the alarm devices 100-2 to 100-4 of the other alarm systems via the second communication unit 108, the alarm control unit 102 Control to stop the fire alarm output (alarm sound and / or alarm display) indicating the interlocking destination from 112 is performed.

[Fire detection by two-step judgment]
Next, as another embodiment of the alarm system according to the present invention, in the alarm device 100, based on the smoke concentration at the observation point received from the smoke measuring chip 10, a two-stage threshold is used to detect a fire sign and fire. I will explain the alarm system. However, this is only an example, and the two-step judgment of the fire sign and the fire is not limited to the two-step threshold described here.

(Smoke measuring chip)
The smoke measuring chip 10-11 has the same configuration as that shown in FIG. The same applies to the other smoke measurement chips 10-12 to 10-43.

(Alarm)
The alarm device 100-1 of FIG. 1 has the same configuration as that of FIG. 6, but the processing for detecting a fire by the alarm control unit 102 and a part of the control accompanying the fire detection are different. The other alarm devices 100-2 to 100-4 are the same, but as the alarm system, the smoke measuring chip 10 of the embodiment described above and the smoke measuring chip 10 of the present embodiment may be mixed, and this In this case, the alarm device 100 performs the same operation as described in the previous embodiment or the operation described here in accordance with the signals from these smoke measurement chips.

  The processing and control of the alarm control unit 102 when detecting a fire sign and a fire with two-stage threshold values are as follows.

  For example, when the smoke density of the smoke density measurement signal that is effectively received from the smoke measurement chip 10 is equal to or higher than the first threshold smoke density Sth1 (for example, Sth1 = 10% / m), the alarm control unit 102 is assumed to be a sign of fire. Control to detect a fire sign and output a fire forecast alarm from the notification unit 112 is performed. In this case, as a fire forecast alarm, for example, a voice message such as “Please confirm that smoke has been detected at PPP No. 1” is repeatedly output from the speaker and the LED is turned on, for example.

  In addition, the alarm control unit 102 detects the fire sign, and then the second threshold smoke concentration Sth2 (for example, Sth2 =) in which the smoke concentration of the smoke concentration measurement signal effectively received from the smoke measurement chip 10-11 is higher than the first threshold smoke concentration. 15% / m) or more, a fire is detected, and a control is performed to output a fire alarm from the notification unit 112. As a fire alarm in this case, for example, a voice message such as “Please confirm that a fire has been detected at PPP No. 1” is repeatedly output from the speaker and the LED is blinked, for example.

  In addition, when the alarm control unit 102 detects a fire sign or fire based on the smoke density of the smoke density measurement signal effectively received from the smoke measurement chip 10-11, the fire forecast according to the second communication protocol corresponding to each Generate an interlock signal or a fire interlock signal, instruct the second communication unit 108, and perform control to transmit the fire forecast interlock signal or the fire interlock signal to the alarm devices 100-2 to 100-4 of other alarm systems, The alarm devices 100-2 to 100-4 that have received the fire forecast interlocking signal or the fire interlocking signal are caused to output a fire forecast alarm or a fire alarm indicating the interlocking destination.

  In this case, the fire forecast alarm or fire alarm indicating the linkage destination is, for example, “Please confirm that smoke was detected at No. 1 in another location” or “No. 1 in another location. Please repeat the voice message such as “Please check” and turn on or blink the LED.

  Further, the alarm control unit 102 detects the effective reception of the fire forecast interlocking signal or the fire interlocking signal transmitted by any of the alarm devices 100-2 to 100-4 of the other alarm systems via the second communication unit 108. In this case, a control is performed to output a fire forecast alarm or a fire alarm indicating the interlocking destination from the notification unit 112. Other than this, the control is the same as in the case of FIG.

  Thus, when a fire forecast warning is output from the alarm device 100, if there is a person staying in the house 14, the person hears the fire forecast warning and knows the sign of the fire (predictor), for example, specified by the alarm content It is possible to check the situation by going to the place where the smoke measuring chip 10 is installed, and take measures such as stopping the operation of the device causing the smoke measuring chip 10 or extinguishing the fire type.

  In addition, when a fire alarm is output before the home-based person responds to the fire forecast alarm output from the alarm devices 100-1 to 100-4, the person installs the smoke measuring chip 10 specified by the alarm content. It is possible to check the situation by going to a place, and to deal with it quickly and appropriately by initial fire extinguishing, etc., and take appropriate evacuation action.

[Modification of the present invention]
(Communication protocol)
In each of the above-described embodiments, wireless communication according to the first communication protocol is performed between the alarm device and the smoke measurement chip, and wireless communication according to the second communication protocol is performed between the alarm devices. For example, the frequency of wireless communication may be set as another channel. If it does in this way, it is not necessary to provide a 1st communication part and a 2nd communication part in an alarm device, and a structure can be simplified as one communication part.

(Correspondence between alarm device and smoke measuring chip)
In each of the above embodiments, a smoke measuring chip is allocated to all alarm devices to form a plurality of alarm systems. However, an alarm system only for an alarm device without allocation of smoke measuring chips is provided, and other alarm systems are provided. The fire forecast interlocking signal and / or the fire interlocking signal from the alarm device may be received, and only the corresponding alarm output and output stop interlocking may be performed. Further, not only a smoke measuring chip but also a temperature measuring chip can be applied.

(Communication form)
Further, in each of the above embodiments, the case where each communication is wireless is shown, but any part or all of the communication may be wired communication.

(Applications other than housing)
Each of the above embodiments can be applied not only to residential use but also to monitoring smoke concentration abnormalities for various uses such as for buildings and offices.

(Other)
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, includes appropriate modifications that do not impair the objects and advantages thereof, and is not limited by the numerical values shown in the above-described embodiments.

10-11 to 10-43: Smoke measuring chip 36: Smoke density detection element 48: Smoke density measurement control unit 50: Communication unit 100-1 to 100-4: Alarm device 102: Alarm control unit 104: First communication unit 108 : Second communication unit 112: notification unit 114: operation unit

Claims (5)

A plurality of smoke density measuring means arranged at a predetermined location, observing the smoke density at the observation point and transmitting a smoke density measurement signal including the smoke density indicated by the smoke density observation result;
Alarm means for outputting a fire alarm when a fire is detected based on the smoke density of the smoke density measurement signal received from any of the plurality of smoke density measurement means;
An alarm system characterized by comprising:
2. The alarm system according to claim 1, wherein the alarm means detects a fire when the smoke density of the smoke density measurement signal received from any of the plurality of smoke density measurement means is equal to or higher than a predetermined smoke density. Alarm system that outputs a fire alarm.
The alarm system according to claim 1, wherein
The warning means detects a fire sign and outputs a fire forecast warning when the smoke density of the smoke density measurement signal received from any of the plurality of smoke density measurement means is equal to or higher than a predetermined first threshold smoke density An alarm system that detects a fire and outputs a fire alarm when the smoke density is equal to or higher than a predetermined second threshold smoke density that is higher than the first threshold smoke density.
2. The alarm system according to claim 1, wherein the alarm means indicates an interlocking source when a fire is detected based on the smoke density of the smoke density measurement signal received from any of the plurality of smoke density measurement means. When a fire alarm is output and a fire interlock signal is transmitted to the alarm means of another alarm system to output a fire alarm indicating the interlock destination, while a fire interlock signal is received from the alarm means of another alarm system, An alarm system that outputs a fire alarm indicating the link destination.
One or a plurality of smoke density measuring means arranged at a predetermined local area, observing the smoke density at the observation point and transmitting a smoke density measurement signal including the smoke density indicated by the smoke density observation result;
When a fire is detected based on the smoke density of the smoke density measurement signal received from one or more of the smoke density measurement means, a fire alarm indicating the interlocking source is output and to the alarm means of another alarm system An alarm means for outputting a fire alarm indicating the interlocking destination when a fire interlocking signal is transmitted by transmitting a fire interlocking signal and outputting a fire alarm indicating the interlocking destination;
Multiple alarm systems equipped with
At least one of the plurality of alarm systems includes a plurality of the smoke concentration measuring means.
An interlocking system characterized by that.

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