JP2013247687A - Power supply device and charger, power supply method and power supply program - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a power supply device and a charger performing non-contact power communication efficiently, and to provide a power supply method and a charging method and power supply program and a charging program.SOLUTION: The power supply device comprises: a generation unit for generating a reference wave by using the zero-cross timing of a power signal; a transmission unit for generating a first shift signal produced by shifting the phase of a reference signal by a first phase, and a second shift signal produced by shifting the phase of a reference signal by a second phase different from the first phase, and then superimposing the first shift signal or second shift signal on a power signal; and a reception unit for measuring the interval of zero-cross every time when zero-cross of a power signal, on which a third shift signal produced by shifting the phase of a reference signal by a third phase or a fourth shift signal produced by shifting the phase of a reference signal by a fourth phase different from the third phase is superimposed, is detected, detecting a change where the interval of measured zero-cross is different from a determined interval or range, and detecting the third shift signal or fourth shift signal.

Description

  The present invention relates to a power feeding device and a charging device that perform charging without contact, a power feeding method, and a power feeding program.

  In recent years, electric vehicles (EV), plug-in hybrid vehicles (PHV), and the like have been rapidly developed, and power supply devices that charge these vehicles are expected to become widespread. As charging methods, there are contact charging in which a power feeding device and a charging device provided in a vehicle are connected by a charging cable, and contactless charging in which electric power is transmitted in a contactless manner using a resonance coil or the like. In non-contact charging, notification of vehicle-specific information (for example, information SOC (state of charge) indicating the charging state of the battery, authentication of the vehicle, etc.) is performed between the power supply device and the charging device using bidirectional communication. As bidirectional communication, for example, wired communication and wireless communication are conceivable.

  Further, although not bidirectional, non-contact communication using a resonance coil is disclosed in addition to wired communication and wireless communication. According to the communication, a communication period is provided in the power supply period, and the communication is performed while the power supply is stopped during the communication period.

  As another related technique, a power feeding device and a charging device that perform bidirectional communication by providing a coil dedicated for communication apart from a resonance coil used for charging are disclosed.

JP 2010-035417 A JP 2011-003947 A JP 2010-068632 A

  An object of the present invention is to provide a power feeding device and a charging device that efficiently perform non-contact power communication, a power feeding method and a charging method, a power feeding program, and a charging program.

A power supply apparatus which is one of the embodiments includes a power supply unit, a generation unit, a transmission unit, and a reception unit.
The power feeding unit transmits a power signal to the charging device in a contactless manner.
When the transmission of the power signal is started without contact with the charging device, the generation unit detects a zero cross using the transmitted power signal, and generates a reference wave using the detected timing of the zero cross.

  When the transmission unit acquires the first information to be transmitted to the charging device, the transmission unit generates a first shift signal in which the phase of the reference wave is shifted by the first phase. Further, when second information different from the first information is acquired, a second shift signal is generated by shifting the phase of the reference wave by a second phase different from the first phase. Then, the generated first shift signal or second shift signal is superimposed on the power signal.

  The receiving unit shifts the power signal by a third shift signal obtained by shifting the phase of the reference wave by the third phase, or a fourth shift signal obtained by shifting the power signal by a fourth phase different from the third phase. Each time a zero cross of a power signal on which is superimposed is detected, the zero cross interval is measured. Then, a change in which the measured zero-cross interval is different from the determined interval or range is detected, and the third shift signal or the fourth shift signal is detected.

The charging device which is one of the other embodiments of the present embodiment includes a charging unit, a generating unit, a transmitting unit, and a receiving unit.
The charging unit receives a power signal transmitted from the power feeding device in a contactless manner and charges the battery unit with the power.

  When the transmission of the power signal is started without contact from the power supply device, the generation unit detects a zero cross using the transmitted power signal, and generates a reference wave using the detected timing of the zero cross.

  When the transmission unit acquires the third information to be transmitted to the power supply apparatus, the transmission unit generates a third shift signal obtained by shifting the phase of the reference wave by the third phase. Further, when fourth information different from the third information is acquired, a fourth shift signal is generated by shifting the phase of the reference wave by a fourth phase different from the third phase. Then, the generated third shift signal or the fourth shift signal is superimposed on the power signal.

  The receiving unit shifts the power signal by a first shift signal obtained by shifting the phase of the reference wave by the first phase or a second shift signal obtained by shifting the reference signal by a second phase different from the first phase. Each time a zero cross of a power signal on which is superimposed is detected, the zero cross interval is measured. Then, a change in which the measured zero-cross interval is different from the determined interval or range is detected, and the first deviation signal or the second deviation signal is detected.

  According to the embodiment, there is an effect that non-contact power communication can be performed efficiently.

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an embodiment of a charge station. FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a relationship between the power feeding device and the vehicle. FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a relationship between a plurality of power supply apparatuses and a server. FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an embodiment of the power feeding device. FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an embodiment of the charging device. FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example of the hardware of the control device and the server of the power supply device and the charging device. FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating an example of a transmission unit, a reception unit, and a generation unit included in each of the power feeding device and the charging device. FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing an embodiment of the operation of the transmission system of the power feeding device and the charging device. FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating an example of transmission of a deviation signal and a power signal during power feeding. FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating an example of transmission of a deviation signal and a power signal during power feeding. FIG. 11 is a flowchart illustrating an example of the operation of the receiving system of the power feeding device and the charging device. FIG. 12 is a flowchart showing an embodiment of the data structure of zero-cross information and determination information. FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating an example of reception of a deviation signal and a power signal during power feeding. FIG. 14 is a diagram illustrating an example of reception of a deviation signal and a power signal during power feeding.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail based on the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an embodiment of a charge station. The charge station 1 shown in FIG. 1 has parking areas 2a to 2d for parking a vehicle, and power supply devices 7a to 7d described later are disposed in the parking areas 2a to 2d, respectively. The power feeding devices 7a to 7d include power feeding control units 3a to 3d that perform control related to power transmission when power is fed to the vehicle 5, and power feeding units 4a to 4d for power transmission to the vehicle 5 side.

However, the installation of the power supply device 7 is not limited to the charge station, and may be installed in a home parking lot or the like.
FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a relationship between the power feeding device and the vehicle. The power feeding device 7 in FIG. 2 includes a power feeding control unit 3 and a power feeding unit 4. The power supply control unit 3 performs control of communication with the vehicle 5 and communication for performing wireless communication or wired communication with a server or the like, and control for transmitting power supplied from a commercial power source to the vehicle 5. Furthermore, the power supply control unit 3 performs control related to calculation of a charging fee, calculation of a parking fee, payment of various fees, and the like.

The power feeding unit 4 is used when power is transmitted to the vehicle 5. For power transmission, for example, electromagnetic induction or resonance may be used.
2, the power supply control unit 3 and the power supply unit 4 are connected by a power line POW and a signal line SIG.

  The vehicle 5 in FIG. 2 includes a charging device 6. The charging device 6 receives the electric power transmitted from the power feeding unit 4 and charges the battery unit provided in the charging device 6. The battery unit is a rechargeable secondary battery, for example, a lithium ion secondary battery, a nickel hydride secondary battery, or the like. However, it is not limited to a lithium ion secondary battery or a nickel metal hydride secondary battery, and may be a secondary battery.

In addition, the case where a coil is used for power transmission / reception for the power feeding unit 4 and the charging device 6 as a resonance method will be described.
FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a relationship between a plurality of power supply apparatuses and a server. Each of the plurality of power supply apparatuses 7 a to 7 d illustrated in FIG. 3 communicates with the server 8 via the network 9. For example, the server 8 communicates with the power supply apparatuses 7a to 7d to execute processing related to calculation of charging charges, calculation of parking charges, payment of various charges, and the like, and transmits processing results to the power supply apparatuses 7a to 7d.

FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an embodiment of the power feeding device. The power supply device 7 includes a power supply unit 4, a communication unit, and a control unit (the control device 401 or the communication control unit 407).
4 includes a control device 401, a power conversion unit 403, a matching unit 404, a first coil 405, a coupling unit 406, a communication control unit 407, a transmission unit 408, a reception unit 409, and a generation unit 410. . The control device 401 corresponds to the power supply control unit 3.

The power feeding unit 4 includes a power conversion unit 403, a matching unit 404, and a first coil 405. The power supply unit 4 supplies AC power (power signal) to the charging device 6 mounted on the vehicle 5 in a contactless manner.
The transmission system of the communication unit includes a coupling unit 406, a communication control unit 407, and a transmission unit 408, and is used for non-contact power communication. The reception system of the communication unit includes a coupling unit 406, a communication control unit 407, and a reception unit 409. The communication unit has a generation unit 410.

  When AC power transmission is started without contact with charging device 6, generation unit 410 detects a zero cross of AC power, and generates a power signal and a reference wave using the detected zero cross timing.

The communication unit performs non-contact power communication in which a signal used for communication is superimposed on a power signal used for charging.
When the transmission unit 408 acquires the first information (transmission signal) to be transmitted to the charging device 6, the transmission unit 408 generates a first shift signal in which the phase of the reference wave is shifted by the first phase. Further, when acquiring second information (transmission signal) different from the first information, a second shift signal is generated by shifting the phase of the reference wave by a second phase different from the first phase, The generated first shift signal or second shift signal is superimposed on the power signal. Here, the first phase and the second phase are preferably + π / 2 and −π / 2. Further, the phase of the power signal after superimposition including the first shift signal shifted by the first phase with respect to the phase of the power signal before superposition advances. Further, the phase of the power signal after superposition including the second shift signal shifted by the second phase is delayed with respect to the phase of the power signal before superposition.

  The receiving unit 409 shifts the power signal by a third shift signal obtained by shifting the phase of the reference wave by the third phase or a fourth shift obtained by shifting the power signal by a fourth phase different from the third phase. Every time the zero cross of the power signal on which the signal is superimposed is detected, the interval of the zero cross is measured. Further, the third deviation signal or the fourth deviation signal is detected by detecting a change in which the measured zero-crossing interval is different from the determined interval or range.

  Note that the transmission unit 408 and the reception unit 409 communicate with each other using the second communication process when transmission of AC power is stopped. The second communication process is a process using an existing communication method, and communication is performed using the first coil 405 and the second coil 502 as an antenna without superimposing a signal on the AC power. However, the communication unit may not necessarily perform the second communication when power transmission is stopped.

  When the power supply device 7 starts to supply power to the charging device 6, the control unit (the control device 401 and the communication control unit 407) controls communication performed between the power supply device 7 and the charging device 6 using non-contact power communication. To do. The control device 401 (power supply control unit) is connected to the power conversion unit 403, the matching unit 404, and the communication control unit 407, and controls each connected unit.

The control unit controls the AC power output from the power conversion unit 403 so that the charging current specified from the charging device 6 can be supplied to the charging device 6.
The control unit generates first information or second information (transmission signal) for generating the first shift signal or the second shift signal and transfers the first information or the second information (transmission signal) to the transmission unit 408. Also, reception information extracted from the superimposed power signal is acquired from the reception unit 409.

  The power conversion unit 403 converts the power supplied from the commercial power source 402 into alternating current at a determined cycle and at a determined power level, and supplies the first coil 405 with power. It is conceivable that the control such as the AC conversion is performed by the control device 401.

In this example, the matching unit 404 is used to improve power transmission efficiency and is controlled by the control device 401.
The first coil 405 is used to supply power to the charging device 6 mounted on the vehicle 5. In this example, the first coil 405 transmits power to a second coil 502 described later of the charging device 6. The first coil 405 and the second coil 502 are used for non-contact power communication.

  The coupling unit 406 is used to superimpose the first deviation signal or the second deviation signal used in the non-contact power communication on the AC power (power signal) output from the power conversion unit 403 during charging. For example, a circuit using a transformer can be considered. In addition, when the superimposed power signal used in the contactless power communication transmitted from the charging device 6 of the vehicle 5 is received, the combining unit 406 outputs the received power signal to the receiving unit 409.

The communication control unit 407 controls communication.
FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an embodiment of the charging device. The charging device 6 in FIG. 5 includes a control device 501, a charging unit, and a communication unit.

  The charging unit includes a power reception unit (second coil 502), a matching unit 503, and an AC-DC conversion unit 504. A battery unit 506 is connected to the charging device 6. In this example, the battery unit 506 is separated from the charging device 6, but may be included in the charging device 6.

The power receiving unit receives the AC power fed from the power feeding device 7 in a non-contact manner. The charging unit charges the battery unit 506 with the received power.
The transmission system of the communication unit includes a coupling unit 507, a transmission unit 508, and a communication control unit 510, and is used for non-contact power communication. The reception system of the communication unit includes a coupling unit 507, a reception unit 509, and a communication control unit 510. Further, the communication unit has a generation unit 511.

When transmission of AC power is started without contact with charging device 6, generation unit 511 detects a zero cross of AC power and generates a reference wave using the detected zero cross timing.
The communication unit performs non-contact power communication in which a signal used for communication is superimposed on AC power (power signal) used for charging.

  When acquiring the third information (transmission signal) to be transmitted to the power supply apparatus 7, the transmission unit 508 generates a third shift signal in which the phase of the reference wave is shifted by the third phase. When fourth information different from the third information is acquired, a fourth shift signal is generated by shifting the phase of the reference wave by a fourth phase different from the third phase. The generated third shift signal or fourth shift signal is superimposed on the power signal. Here, it is desirable that the third phase and the fourth phase are + π / 2 and −π / 2.

  Further, the phase of the AC power after superimposition including the third shift signal shifted by the third phase with respect to the phase of the AC power (power signal) before superposition advances. Further, the phase of the AC power after superposition including the fourth shift signal shifted by the fourth phase is delayed with respect to the phase of the AC power (power signal) before superposition.

  The reception unit 509 shifts the power signal by a first shift signal obtained by shifting the phase of the reference wave by the first phase or a second shift obtained by shifting the reference signal by a second phase different from the first phase. Every time the zero cross of the power signal on which the signal is superimposed is detected, the interval of the zero cross is measured. The receiving unit 509 detects a change in which the measured zero-crossing interval is different from the determined interval or range, and detects the first deviation signal or the second deviation signal.

  Note that the transmission unit 508 and the reception unit 509 communicate with each other using the second communication process when transmission of AC power is stopped. The second communication process is a process using an existing communication method, and communication is performed using the first coil 405 and the second coil 502 as an antenna without superimposing a signal on the AC power. However, the communication unit may not necessarily perform the second communication when power transmission is stopped.

The control device 501 is connected to the battery unit 506 and the communication control unit 510, and controls each connected unit.
In addition, the control device 501 acquires measurement data from each unit. When the power supply device 7 starts to supply power to the charging device 6, the control unit (the control device 501 and the communication control unit 510) performs control for performing communication between the power supply device 7 and the charging device 6 using non-contact power communication. To do.

  The control unit generates third information or fourth information (transmission signal) for generating the third shift signal or the fourth shift signal, and transfers the generated information to the transmission unit 508. Also, reception information extracted from the power signal including the first shift signal or the second shift signal is acquired from the reception unit 509.

The second coil 502 receives AC power (power signal) transmitted from the power supply device 7 via the first coil 405, and the received power is supplied to the matching unit 503.
The matching unit 503 performs impedance matching between the power feeding device 7 and the charging device 6. The matching unit 503 may be connected to the control device 501 and the impedance matching may be controlled by the control device 501.

The AC-DC conversion unit 504 converts the received AC power (power signal) into a direct current, and the direct-current power is supplied to the battery unit 506.
The battery unit 506 may be a rechargeable secondary battery.

  The coupling unit 507 is used to superimpose a signal used in non-contact power communication on the AC power (power signal) received by the second coil 502. For example, a circuit using a transformer can be considered. Further, when a signal used for non-contact power communication transmitted from the power supply device 7 is received, the coupling unit 507 outputs the received signal to the reception unit 509.

  FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example of the hardware of the control device and the server of the power supply device and the charging device. The control unit and communication unit (excluding the coupling unit 406) of the power feeding device 7, the control unit and communication unit (excluding the coupling unit 507) of the charging device 6, and the hardware of the server 8 include the control unit 601 shown in FIG. 602, a recording medium reading device 603, an input / output interface 604 (input / output I / F), a communication interface 605 (communication I / F), and the like. Each of the above components is connected by a bus 606. The function of the server 8 can also be realized using a cloud or the like.

  The control unit 601 may use a CPU (Central Processing Unit), a multi-core CPU, and a programmable device (FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array), PLD (Programmable Logic Device), etc.).

  The storage unit 602 may be a memory such as a ROM (Read Only Memory) or a RAM (Random Access Memory), a hard disk, or the like. The storage unit 602 may record data such as parameter values and variable values, or may be used as a work area at the time of execution. In addition, in the power supply device 7 and the server 8, other storage units may be provided outside the power supply device 7 and the server 8 in addition to the storage unit 602. For example, a database may be provided.

  The recording medium reading device 603 controls reading / writing of data with respect to the recording medium 607 according to the control of the control unit 601. Then, the data written by the control of the recording medium reading device 603 is recorded on the recording medium 607, or the data recorded on the recording medium 607 is read. The detachable recording medium 607 includes a computer readable non-transitory recording medium such as a magnetic recording device, an optical disk, a magneto-optical recording medium, and a semiconductor memory. The magnetic recording device includes a hard disk device (HDD). Optical discs include DVD (Digital Versatile Disc), DVD-RAM, CD-ROM (Compact Disc Read Only Memory), CD-R (Recordable) / RW (ReWritable), and the like. Magneto-optical recording media include MO (Magneto-Optical disk). Note that the storage unit 602 is also included in a non-transitory recording medium.

  An input / output unit 608 is connected to the input / output interface 604, receives input information, and transmits it to the control unit 601 via the bus 606. Further, operation information and the like are displayed on the display screen in accordance with a command from the control unit 601. Examples of the input device of the input / output unit 608 include a keyboard, a pointing device (such as a mouse), and a touch panel. In addition, the display which is an output part of the input / output part 608 can consider a liquid crystal display etc., for example. It is conceivable that the input / output unit 608 of the charging device 6 is provided on the dashboard of the vehicle 5. The output unit may be an output device such as a CRT (Cathode Ray Tube) display or a printer.

  The communication interface 605 is an interface for wirelessly performing LAN (Local Area Network) connection or Internet connection. In addition, the communication interface 605 may be used as an interface for performing LAN connection, Internet connection, or wireless connection with another computer as necessary.

  By using a computer having such a hardware configuration, control and communication of the power supply device 7, control and communication of the charging device 6, and various processing functions performed by the server 8 are realized. In that case, a program describing the control and communication of the power supply device 7 and the control and communication of the charging device 6 and the processing contents of the functions that the server 8 should have is provided. By executing the program on a computer, the above processing functions are realized on the computer. The program describing the processing contents can be recorded in a computer-readable recording medium 607.

  When distributing the program, for example, a recording medium 607 such as a DVD or a CD-ROM in which the program is recorded is sold. It is also possible to record the program in a storage device of the server computer and transfer the program from the server computer to another computer via a network.

  The computer that executes the program stores, for example, the program recorded in the recording medium 607 or the program transferred from the server computer in its own storage unit 602. Then, the computer reads the program from its own storage unit 602 and executes processing according to the program. The computer can also read the program directly from the recording medium 607 and execute processing according to the program. Further, each time the program is transferred from the server computer, the computer can sequentially execute processing according to the received program.

A transmission unit, a reception unit, and a generation unit included in the power supply device 7 and the charging device 6 will be described.
FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating an example of a generation unit, a transmission unit, and a reception unit that the power feeding device 7 and the charging device 6 have.

The transmission unit 408 and the transmission unit 508 include a transmission filter unit 701, a transmission amplification unit 702, and a modulation unit 703.
The transmission filter unit 701 removes noise other than the transmission frequency band of the power signal including the first shift signal or the second shift signal and the power signal including the third shift signal or the fourth shift signal. It is a filter to do. For example, it is conceivable to use a band pass filter or the like. However, the transmission filter unit 701 may not be provided.

The transmission amplification unit 702 amplifies the modulation signal output from the modulation unit 703 and amplifies the signal to a predetermined transmission level.
The modulation unit 703 modulates information (first information or second information) output from the power supply device 7 or information (third information or fourth information) output from the control unit of the charging device 6, respectively. To do. The modulation of the power feeding device 7 is a modulation that shifts the phase of the reference wave by the first phase and a phase that shifts the phase of the reference wave by a second phase different from the first phase. Here, the first phase and the second phase are preferably + π / 2 and −π / 2.

  In addition, the modulation of the charging device 6 is performed by shifting the phase of the reference wave by the third phase and by shifting the phase of the reference wave by a fourth phase different from the third phase. Here, it is desirable that the third phase and the fourth phase are + π / 2 and −π / 2.

The reception unit 409 and the reception unit 509 include a reception filter unit 704, a reception amplification unit 705, a zero cross detection unit 706, and a phase shift detection unit 707.
The reception filter unit 704 generates noise other than the reception frequency band from the power signal including the first shift signal or the second shift signal and the power signal including the third shift signal or the fourth shift signal. This is a filter to be removed. For example, it is conceivable to use a band pass filter or the like.

  The reception amplification unit 705 amplifies the superimposed power signal output from the reception filter unit 704 and amplifies it to a predetermined reception level. For example, a low noise amplifier can be used.

  The zero cross detection unit 706 detects the zero cross of the superimposed power signal amplified by the reception amplification unit 705, and notifies the phase shift detection unit 707 every time a zero cross is detected. Further, the zero cross detection unit 706 detects whether the power signal has shifted from the positive electrode to the negative electrode or from the negative electrode to the positive electrode, and notifies the phase shift detection unit 707 of it.

  When the phase shift detection unit 707 acquires the notification about the zero cross output from the zero cross detection unit 706, the phase shift detection unit 707 measures the interval of the zero cross. Subsequently, the previously acquired zero cross interval is compared with the currently acquired zero cross interval, and reception information corresponding to each shift signal is extracted based on the comparison result.

  For example, when the zero-cross interval acquired this time is larger than the previously acquired zero-cross interval, it is determined that “+1” has changed to “−1”, and the zero-cross interval acquired this time is smaller than the previously acquired zero-cross interval. Is determined to have changed from “−1” to “+1”. Further, when the zero-cross interval acquired this time is the same as the previously acquired zero-cross interval or the difference between the intervals is within a predetermined range, it is determined that the previous zero-cross interval is the same. A reception signal is extracted by generating a digital signal using the determination result.

Further, the phase shift detection unit 707 compares the currently measured interval with the determined interval value, and extracts reception information corresponding to each shift signal based on the comparison result.
For example, when the measured negative electrode interval (the interval from when the power signal shifts from the positive electrode to the negative electrode until it shifts from the negative electrode to the positive electrode) is wider than the determined interval value or the determination information indicating the determined range, It is determined that the value has changed from “+1” to “−1”, and when the measured negative electrode interval is narrower than a predetermined interval value or a predetermined range, it is determined that the negative electrode has changed from “−1” to “+1”. Further, when it is within the determined interval value or within the determined range, it is determined that it is the same as the previous information. A reception signal is extracted by generating a digital signal using the determination result.

The generation unit 410 and the generation unit 511 include a zero cross detection unit 708, a reference wave generation unit 709, and a correction unit 710.
The zero cross detection unit 708 monitors the AC power used for power supply and detects a position (zero cross) where the amplitude of the AC power is inverted. For example, it is conceivable to detect the zero cross by measuring the amplitude value. In the above description, an example in which AC power is monitored centering on 0V has been described. However, the center of AC power is not limited to 0V, and when the center is not 0V, the amplitude is changed based on a determined voltage value. It is conceivable to monitor and detect a zero cross depending on whether or not a reference is exceeded.

The reference wave generation unit 709 generates a reference wave using the zero cross position acquired from the zero cross detection unit 708. The reference wave is preferably a sine wave, for example.
The correction unit 710 corrects jitter and distortion of the reference wave output from the reference wave generation unit 709. For example, it is conceivable to use a PLL circuit (Phase-locked loop).

The operation of the transmission system of the power feeding device and the charging device will be described.
The operation of the transmission system of the power supply apparatus will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing an embodiment of the operation of the transmission system of the power feeding device and the charging device. 9 and 10 are diagrams illustrating an example of transmission of a shift signal and a power signal during power feeding. 9 and 10, the vertical axis indicates the voltage value, and the horizontal axis indicates time.

  In step S801 in FIG. 8, it is determined whether or not the generation unit 410 is in power supply. If the power supply is in progress (Yes), the process proceeds to step S802. If not (No), the process proceeds to step S808. Transition. A power signal waveform 901 indicating AC power transmitted during power feeding is indicated by a solid line in FIGS.

  In step S802, the generation unit 410 generates a reference wave by estimating the frequency of the power signal using the detected timings of the zero cross 902 and the zero cross 903 shown in FIGS. A sine waveform 904 indicated by a broken line shown in FIGS. 9 and 10 is generated.

  In step S803, the transmission unit 408 determines whether or not the first information of the transmission information has been acquired from the control unit. If the first information is acquired (Yes), the process proceeds to step S804. When the second information is acquired (No), the process proceeds to step S805. If the first information and the second information as transmission information cannot be acquired for a predetermined period, the process proceeds to step S801.

  In step S804, the modulation unit 703 of the transmission unit 408 generates a first shift signal obtained by shifting the reference wave by the first phase. Refer to the waveform 905 (+ π / 2 reference wave) in which the π / 2 phase is advanced in FIGS. 9 and 10.

  In step S805, the modulation unit 703 of the transmission unit 408 generates a second shift signal obtained by shifting the reference wave by the second phase. Refer to the waveform 906 (−π / 2 reference wave) obtained by delaying the π / 2 phase in FIGS. 9 and 10.

  In steps S804 and S805, the modulation unit 703 shifts the phase of the reference wave. However, the generation unit 410 shifts the phase of the reference wave by the first phase and the reference signal. A second shift signal in which the phase of the wave is shifted by the second phase may be generated. In that case, the modulation unit 703 uses the first information and the second information to switch and output the first shift signal and the second shift signal.

  In the case of the charging device 6, the generation unit 410 shifts the reference wave phase by the third phase, and the fourth shift signal shifts the reference wave phase by the fourth phase. May be generated. In that case, the modulation unit 703 uses the third information and the fourth information to switch and output the third shift signal and the fourth shift signal.

  In step S806, the transmission amplification unit 702 amplifies the first shift signal or the second shift signal output from the modulation unit 703 of the transmission unit 408 to a predetermined level. The transmission filter unit 701 removes noise such as noise and interference components of the amplified first shift signal or second shift signal.

  Subsequently, the first shift signal or the second shift signal output from the transmission filter unit 701 is output. In this example, the first shift signal or the second shift signal is transferred to the combining unit 406. However, an amplifier is further provided between the combining unit 406 and the transmission unit 408, and the first shift signal or The second shift signal may be amplified. Refer to the superimposed power signal waveforms in FIGS.

  The superimposed power signal waveform in FIG. 9 shows a waveform when the transmission signal changes from “+1” to “−1”. In FIG. 9, ta represents a point where the transmission signal changes from “+1” to “−1” and changes from the + π / 2 reference wave to the −π / 2 reference wave.

  Further, the superimposed power signal waveform in FIG. 10 shows a waveform when the transmission signal changes from “−1” to “+1”. Tc in FIG. 10 indicates a point where the transmission signal changes from “−1” to “+1” and changes from the −π / 2 reference wave to the + π / 2 reference wave.

  In step S807, the transmission unit 408 determines whether there is transmission information. If there is transmission information (Yes), the process proceeds to step S801. If there is no transmission information (No), the process ends.

If power is not being supplied, the second communication process is performed in step S808, and the communication signal obtained by the second communication process is output in step S809.
The operation of the transmission system of the charging device 6 is omitted, but the description of the power feeding device 7 should be referred to.

The operation of the receiving system of the power feeding device and the charging device will be described.
The operation of the receiving system of the power feeding apparatus will be described with reference to FIGS. 11, 12, 13, and 14. FIG. FIG. 11 is a flowchart illustrating an example of the operation of the receiving system of the power feeding device and the charging device. FIG. 12 is a flowchart showing an embodiment of the data structure of the determination information and zero-cross information. FIG. 13 and FIG. 14 are diagrams illustrating an example of reception of a shift signal and a power signal during power feeding. The vertical axis of FIGS. 13 and 14 indicates the voltage value, and the horizontal axis indicates time.

  In step S1101 of FIG. 11, it is determined whether or not the generation unit 410 is supplying power. If power is being supplied (Yes), the process proceeds to step S1102. Transition. A superimposed power signal waveform 1301 indicating the superimposed AC power (power signal) transmitted during power feeding is indicated by a solid line in FIGS. 13 and 14.

  In step S1102, the zero cross detection unit 706 of the reception unit 409 detects the zero cross of the superimposed power signal. The timing of the zero cross 1302 and the zero cross 1303 of the detected AC power after superposition shown in FIGS. 13 and 14 is detected.

In addition, every time the zero cross is detected, the zero cross detection unit 706 notifies the phase shift detection unit 707 of the reception unit 409 of information regarding the zero cross.
In step S1103, the phase shift detection unit 707 of the reception unit 409 measures the zero cross interval. For the zero-crossing interval, for example, time may be measured, or the number of sample signals may be measured when digital signal processing is used. However, the measurement is not limited to the above as long as the zero-cross interval can be measured.

For example, the detected zero cross may be used to generate the rectangular waveform 1304 (solid line) indicating the zero cross interval of FIGS. 13 and 14 and use the zero cross interval for measurement.
The phase shift detection unit 707 determines whether the zero cross of the received power signal changes from the positive electrode to the negative electrode or the zero cross when the negative signal changes from the negative electrode to the positive electrode, and determines whether the zero cross 1302 or the zero cross 1303 is detected. Then, the zero cross interval may be measured.

  Subsequently, the measured zero cross interval is stored in the storage unit 602. For example, it may be stored in the zero cross information shown in FIG. The zero cross information 1201 in FIG. 12 includes information stored in “zero cross period” and “zero cross interval”. In the “zero cross period”, information for identifying the period on the negative electrode side of the power signal after superimposition measured last time is stored. In this example, “previous” for identifying the previous measurement period and “current” for identifying the current measurement period are stored. In the “zero cross interval”, information indicating the measurement result on the negative electrode side of the power signal after superimposition measured last time and this time is stored. In this example, “Tbx” is stored as the measurement result of the previous measurement period, and “Tx” is stored as the measurement result of the current measurement period. In the case of FIGS. 13 and 14, “T2” is stored in “Tx” when the currently measured period is T2, and “T0” is stored in “Tbx” when the previously measured period is T0.

  Note that the measurement is not limited to the above measurement method, and the current cycle and the previous cycle of the superimposed power signal may be compared using the zero-cross information 1202 in FIG. The zero cross information 1202 in FIG. 12 includes information stored in “zero cross period” and “zero cross interval”. In the “zero cross period”, information for identifying the period on the negative electrode side of the power signal after superimposition measured last time is stored. In this example, “previous” for identifying the previous measurement period and “current” for identifying the current measurement period are stored. In the “zero-crossing interval”, information indicating the measurement result of one cycle of AC power after superimposition measured last time and this time is stored. In this example, “Tcyc1” representing one cycle including the period T0 is stored as the measurement result of the previous measurement period, and “Tcyc2” representing the period T1 + period T2 is stored as the measurement result of the current measurement period.

  In step S1104, the phase shift detector 707 compares the previous zero cross interval of the zero cross information 1201 with the current zero cross interval, and determines that there is no change in phase if the previous and current zero cross intervals are the same or within a predetermined range. If yes, the process proceeds to step S1107. When the current zero-cross interval is longer than the previous time, it is determined that the phase of the shift signal has changed from + π / 2 to −π / 2, and the process proceeds to step S1105. When the current zero-cross interval is smaller than the previous time, it is determined that the phase of the shift signal has changed from −π / 2 to + π / 2, and the process proceeds to step S1106.

  In the case of FIG. 13, since the period T2 including the change point ta changes more widely than the previous period T0, it is determined that the phase of the shift signal has changed from + π / 2 to −π / 2. In the case of FIG. 14, since the period T2 including the change point tc changes narrower than the previous period T0, it is determined that the phase of the shift signal has changed from −π / 2 to + π / 2.

  Note that the determination is not limited to determination every time the zero-cross interval of the zero-cross information 1201 is updated, and may be determined after updating a plurality of times. For example, after determining by comparing the period T0 and the period T2, the determination may be made by comparing the period T4 and the period T6.

  Note that the determination is not limited to the method of comparing the previous and current zero-cross intervals, and the determination is performed with reference to the determination information 1203 in FIG. Also good. The determination information 1203 in FIG. 12 includes information stored in “determination information” and “determination result”. In “determination information”, a determination condition is stored, and in this example, “Tx> Tc1” indicating that the currently measured negative-side period Tx is larger than the determined period Tc1 is stored. The “determination information” stores “Tc1 ≦ Tx ≦ Tc2” indicating that the negative-side period Tx measured this time is in the range of the determined periods Tc1 and Tc2. In addition, “determination information” stores “Tc2> Tx” indicating that the negative-side period Tx measured this time is smaller than the determined period Tc2.

  The “determination result” stores reception information selected by the determination. In this example, when the determination condition “Tx> Tc1” is specified, “−1” is selected. When the determination condition “Tc1 ≦ Tx ≦ Tc2” is specified, “no change” is selected. When the determination condition “Tc2> Tx” is specified, “+1” is selected.

  In the case of FIG. 13, since the period T2 including the change point ta corresponding to the period Tx is larger than the determined period Tc1, it is determined that the phase of the shift signal has changed from + π / 2 to −π / 2. In the case of FIG. 14, since the period T2 including the change point tc corresponding to the period Tx is smaller than the determined period Tc2, it is determined that the phase of the shift signal has changed from −π / 2 to + π / 2.

In step S1105, since the phase shift detection unit 707 has changed the phase of the shift signal from + π / 2 to −π / 2, “−1” is selected.
In step S1106, the phase shift detector 707 changes the phase of the shift signal from −π / 2 to + π / 2, so “+1” is selected.

In step S1107, the demodulator 411 outputs the selected data.
If power is not being supplied, the second communication process is performed in step S1108, and the communication signal obtained by the second communication process is output to the control unit in step S1109.

Although the operation of the receiving system of the charging device 6 is omitted, refer to the description of the power feeding device 7.
According to the embodiment, there is an effect that non-contact power communication can be performed efficiently.

In addition to the functions used in non-contact power communication, functions such as wired communication and wireless communication are not required. In addition, there is an effect that bidirectional communication can be performed during power feeding.
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the gist of the present invention.

1 Charge station,
2a, 2b, 2c, 2d parking area,
3, 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d power supply control unit,
4, 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d
5 vehicles,
6 Charging device,
7, 7a, 7b, 7c, 7d
8 servers,
9 network,
401 control device,
402 commercial power supply,
403 power conversion unit,
404 matching section,
405 first coil,
406 joint,
407 communication control unit,
408 transmitter,
409 receiver,
410 generator,
501 controller,
502 second coil,
503 matching section,
504 AC-DC converter,
506 battery part,
507 joint,
508 transmitter,
509 receiver,
510 communication control unit,
511 generator,
601 control unit,
602 storage unit,
603 recording medium reader;
604 I / O interface,
605 communication interface,
606 bus,
607 recording medium,
608 input / output unit,
701 transmission filter unit,
702 transmission amplifier,
703 modulator,
704 reception filter section,
705 reception amplification unit,
706 Zero cross detector,
707 phase shift detector,
708 Zero-cross detector,
709 reference wave generator,
710 correction unit,
711 demodulation unit,

Claims (10)

A power feeding unit that transmits a power signal in a contactless manner to the charging device;
When power transmission of the power signal is started in a non-contact manner with the charging device, a zero cross is detected using the transmitted power signal, and a generation unit that generates a reference wave using the detected zero cross timing;
When the first information to be transmitted to the charging device is acquired, a first shift signal is generated by shifting the phase of the reference wave by the first phase, and second information different from the first information is generated. Is generated, a second shift signal is generated by shifting the phase of the reference wave by a second phase different from the first phase, and the generated first shift signal or the second shift signal is generated. A transmitter for superimposing a deviation signal on the power signal;
A third shift signal obtained by shifting the phase of the reference wave by a third phase or a fourth shift signal obtained by shifting the power signal by a fourth phase different from the third phase is provided. Each time the zero cross of the superimposed power signal is detected, the interval of the zero cross is measured, and a change in which the measured zero cross interval is different from the determined interval or range is detected, and the third deviation signal or the A receiver for detecting a fourth shift signal;
A power supply apparatus comprising:   2. The power feeding device according to claim 1, wherein the first phase and the third phase are + π / 2, and the second phase and the fourth phase are −π / 2. The phase shift detector included in the receiving unit is:
When the interval of the zero cross measured this time is larger than the interval of the zero cross measured last time, it is determined that the phase has changed from + π / 2 to −π / 2, and the interval of the zero cross measured this time is smaller than the interval of the zero cross measured last time When the phase is changed from -π / 2 to + π / 2,
The power feeding device according to claim 2, wherein The phase shift detector included in the receiving unit is:
Using the zero-cross interval measured this time, a first determination value for determining that the phase has changed from + π / 2 to −π / 2, and a determination that the phase has changed from −π / 2 to + π / 2 The determination information having the second determination value is referred to, and when the zero-cross interval measured this time is larger than the first determination value, it is determined that the phase has changed from + π / 2 to −π / 2, and the current measurement is performed. When the zero-cross interval is smaller than the second determination value, it is determined that the phase has changed from −π / 2 to + π / 2.
The power feeding device according to claim 2, wherein A charging unit that receives a power signal transmitted from the power supply device in a non-contact manner and charges the battery unit with power; and
When transmission of the power signal is started in a non-contact manner from the power supply device, a zero cross is detected using the transmitted power signal, and a reference wave is generated using the detected zero cross timing; and
When the third information to be transmitted to the power supply apparatus is acquired, a third shift signal in which the phase of the reference wave is shifted by the third phase is generated, and fourth information different from the third information is generated. Is obtained, a fourth shift signal is generated by shifting the phase of the reference wave by a fourth phase different from the third phase, and the generated third shift signal or the fourth shift signal is generated. A transmitter for superimposing a deviation signal on the power signal;
A first shift signal obtained by shifting the phase of the reference wave by a first phase or a second shift signal obtained by shifting the power signal by a second phase different from the first phase is provided. Each time the zero cross of the superimposed power signal is detected, the interval of the zero cross is measured, the change of the measured zero cross interval being different from the determined interval or range is detected, and the first deviation signal or the A receiver for detecting a second shift signal;
A charging device comprising:   6. The power feeding device according to claim 5, wherein the first phase and the third phase are + π / 2, and the second phase and the fourth phase are −π / 2. The phase shift detector included in the receiving unit is:
When the interval of the zero cross measured this time is larger than the interval of the zero cross measured last time, it is determined that the phase has changed from + π / 2 to −π / 2, and the interval of the zero cross measured this time is smaller than the interval of the zero cross measured last time When the phase is changed from -π / 2 to + π / 2,
The power feeding device according to claim 6. The phase shift detector included in the receiving unit is:
Using the zero-cross interval measured this time, a first determination value for determining that the phase has changed from + π / 2 to −π / 2, and a determination that the phase has changed from −π / 2 to + π / 2 The determination information having the second determination value is referred to, and when the zero-cross interval measured this time is larger than the first determination value, it is determined that the phase has changed from + π / 2 to −π / 2, and the current measurement is performed. When the zero-cross interval is smaller than the second determination value, it is determined that the phase has changed from −π / 2 to + π / 2.
The power feeding device according to claim 6. A power supply method used for contactless charging,
The power feeding device
When power transmission of the power signal is started without contact with the charging device, zero cross is detected using the transmitted power signal,
Using the detected zero-cross timing, generate a reference wave,
When the first information to be transmitted to the charging device is acquired, a first shift signal is generated by shifting the phase of the reference wave by the first phase,
When obtaining second information different from the first information, a second shift signal is generated by shifting the phase of the reference wave by a second phase different from the first phase,
Superimposing the generated first deviation signal or the second deviation signal on the power signal;
A third shift signal obtained by shifting the phase of the reference wave by a third phase or a fourth shift signal obtained by shifting the power signal by a fourth phase different from the third phase is provided. Receive the superimposed power signal,
Every time a zero cross of the received power signal is detected, the zero cross interval is measured.
Detecting a change in which the measured zero-crossing interval is different from a predetermined interval or range, and detecting the third deviation signal or the fourth deviation signal;
Receive information is extracted using the detected result.
A power supply method characterized by executing processing. A charging method used for non-contact charging,
A charging device that receives a power signal transmitted from a power feeding device in a contactless manner and charges the battery unit with power,
When power transmission of the power signal is started in a non-contact manner from the power supply device, a zero cross is detected using the transmitted power signal,
Using the detected zero-cross timing, generate a reference wave,
When the third information to be transmitted to the power supply apparatus is acquired, a third shift signal in which the phase of the reference wave is shifted by the third phase is generated, and fourth information different from the third information is generated. Is obtained, a fourth shift signal is generated by shifting the phase of the reference wave by a fourth phase different from the third phase,
Superimposing the generated third shift signal or the fourth shift signal on the power signal;
A first shift signal obtained by shifting the phase of the reference wave by a first phase or a second shift signal obtained by shifting the power signal by a second phase different from the first phase is provided. Receive the superimposed power signal,
Every time a zero cross of the received power signal is detected, the zero cross interval is measured.
Detecting a change in which the measured zero-crossing interval is different from a predetermined interval or range, and detecting the first deviation signal or the second deviation signal;
Receive information is extracted using the detected result.
A charging method characterized by executing processing.

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