JP2013245453A - Shock absorbing rope-like tool - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To effectively absorb energy over a wide energy range from small energy to large energy.SOLUTION: A shock absorbing rope-like tool is constituted by connecting a plurality of buffers 6 (6a, 6b, and 6c) in series, which have mutually different energy absorption characteristics.

Description

  The present invention is provided between an object to which an impact force acts and a support structure, and when an external force is applied to the object, the energy of the transmission medium of the external force is reduced to reduce the behavior of the transmission medium. The present invention relates to a shock absorbing cable that is calmed or that reduces the impact force on the object to ensure the soundness of the object.

  Conventionally, for example, when an external force is applied to an object on which an impact force acts and the support structure, the energy of the transmission medium of the external force is reduced to reduce the behavior of the transmission medium. A technique for calming has been proposed (Patent Document 1).

  This technology is applied to breakwaters to reduce wave energy as an external force transmission medium to suppress erosion caused by waves. Support structures (banks) installed along the coastline ) On the outer sea side, the shock absorbing wall is movably provided, and a shock absorber is provided between the support structure and the shock absorbing wall.

  In this technique, when the wave travels toward the coast, the shock absorbing wall is pressed and moved toward the support structure by the wave, and the shock absorbing wall and the support structure are associated with each other. The shock absorber is actuated by the movement, and the energy of the wave is absorbed or dispersed by the energy absorbing action when the shock absorber is actuated.

  As a result, erosion of the support structure or the coastline is prevented or wave extinction is performed.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-302310

  Although the conventional technology described above can be expected to suppress coastline erosion and the like, the following problems to be improved still remain.

  In other words, a shock absorber is used to absorb or disperse the energy of the wave described above, but the amount of energy that can be effectively exerted is limited because the energy absorption amount of the shock absorber is constant. This is a problem.

  For example, in order to prevent erosion due to waves during normal times, if the characteristics of the shock absorber are set according to the energy of waves during normal times, and if waves with large energy such as storm surges or tsunamis act, It is possible that the energy cannot be absorbed or dispersed, and the remaining energy reaches the shoreline or coastline.

  In addition, if the characteristics of the shock absorber are set assuming a large energy wave such as a storm surge or a tsunami, the energy cannot be absorbed or dispersed for a smaller energy wave. The buffer function cannot be obtained.

  The present invention has been made to solve the problems remaining in the prior art, and an object of the present invention is to provide an impact absorbing cable capable of handling a wide range of energy amounts.

  The shock absorbing line according to claim 1 of the present invention is characterized in that a plurality of shock absorbers are connected in series, and each of the plurality of shock absorbers has different energy absorption characteristics.

  By adopting such a configuration, the assumed energy region is partitioned into a plurality of regions with reference to the maximum value, and the energy absorption characteristics of the plurality of shock absorbers correspond to the partitioned energy regions. By setting, a buffering function for a wide energy range can be obtained.

  When large energy is applied, before the shock absorber set for the large energy region is activated, the shock absorber set for the smaller energy region is activated and a part of the large energy region is activated. By absorbing, the burden on the shock absorber set corresponding to the large energy region that finally operates is reduced.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the shock absorbing cable, each of the plurality of shock absorbers according to the first aspect is installed in a cylinder having an airtight structure and slidable in the length direction in the cylinder. And a piston that divides the inside of the cylinder into two in the length direction, and a piston rod that is provided integrally with the piston and that slidably penetrates one end of the cylinder and protrudes to the outside. The piston is formed with an orifice penetrating the piston in the sliding direction. The piston is passed through the cylinder when the piston slides, so that the piston has a direction opposite to the sliding direction. The plurality of shock absorbers are filled with a working fluid that generates a drag force, and each of the plurality of shock absorbers has a different opening area. It is characterized by being made with ghee absorption properties.

  With this configuration, when an external force acts on the shock absorber, the external force acts on the piston rod and the cylinder to move them relative to each other.

  Thereby, the piston fixed to the piston rod is slid in the cylinder, and accordingly, the working fluid sealed on one surface side of the piston is formed in the piston. Through the working orifice and into the working fluid sealed on the other side.

  Thus, the energy of the external force acting on the shock absorber is absorbed by the flow path resistance when the working fluid passes through the orifice, and a buffering action is obtained.

  Since the above-mentioned flow path resistance changes depending on the opening area of the orifice, different energy absorption characteristics can be given to each shock absorber by making the opening area of each orifice different between the plurality of shock absorbers. it can.

  And the adjustment of the opening area of the orifice can be easily performed by replacing the internal piston, and therefore the shock absorbing line in claim 1 can be simply configured.

  As the working fluid, a gas is used as described in claim 3 of the present invention, or a liquid is used as described in claim 4.

  When the liquid is used as the working fluid as in the latter, the viscosity of the working fluid is higher than that of the former gas. Therefore, the flow resistance when the working fluid passes through the orifice is increased, and accordingly, the buffer Energy absorption is increased.

  According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the shock absorbing cable in the cylinder of each of the shock absorbers according to any one of the second to fourth aspects, wherein the pistons are placed in a state where these shock absorbers are not in operation. An urging member for urging in one direction is provided.

  With this configuration, when the piston and the cylinder are moved relative to each other under external force, the biasing member is elastically deformed by the movement of the piston, and the elastic force is applied to the piston. Acts to ease movement. Thereby, the impact force when the piston comes into contact with the cylinder at the end position of the movement is reduced.

The elastic force of the biasing member also acts to absorb the energy of the external force, thereby increasing the amount of energy absorbed by the shock absorber.
Further, in a state where the external force is released, the urging force of the urging member returns the piston to the initial position in the non-operating state with respect to the cylinder, and enters a standby state.

  The shock absorbing cable according to claim 6 of the present invention is characterized in that, among the respective shock absorbers, adjacent shock absorbers are connected to at least one of a chain or a wire. With this configuration, it is possible to obtain a shock-absorbing cable having high strength and slightly stretched as a whole.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, a suitable impact absorption effect | action can be exhibited with respect to the external force of a wide energy amount.

It is the schematic of the principal part of the breakwater to which one Embodiment of this invention was applied. It is the perspective view which sectioned a part of shock absorber which shows one embodiment of the present invention. It is operation | movement explanatory drawing of one Embodiment of this invention. 1 is a schematic plan view of a breakwater to which an embodiment of the present invention is applied. It is a schematic layout of a breakwater to which an embodiment of the present invention is applied. It is operation | movement explanatory drawing of one Embodiment of this invention. It is operation | movement explanatory drawing of one Embodiment of this invention. It is operation | movement explanatory drawing of one Embodiment of this invention. It is an energy absorption characteristic figure of one embodiment of the present invention.

  Hereinafter, this invention is demonstrated based on one Example applied to the breakwater installed along a coastline.

  In FIG. 1, the code | symbol 1 shows the floating block which is arrange | positioned along a coastline and forms a breakwater, and this floating block 1 has the lower part through the wire 3 to the 1st anchor 2 installed in the seabed. By being connected, the upper part is moored with a predetermined height protruding from the sea surface S.

  An impact absorbing line 5 according to this embodiment is installed between the side surface of the floating block 1 and the second anchor 4 installed on the sea floor on the offshore side of the floating block 1.

  The shock absorbing cable 5 according to the present embodiment is formed by connecting a plurality of (three in the present embodiment) shock absorbers 6 (6a, 6b, 6c) in series, and each shock absorber 6 (6a 6b and 6c) are, as shown in FIG. 2, a cylinder 7 having an airtight structure, and a cylinder 7 that is slidably mounted in its length direction, and that the inside of this cylinder 7 is lengthwise. Piston 8 which divides into two and defines first chamber 7a and second chamber 7b, and is provided integrally with piston 8 and slidably penetrates one end of cylinder 7 and protrudes to the outside. The piston 8 is formed with orifices 10 (10a, 10b, 10c) penetrating the piston 8 in the sliding direction, and the cylinder 7 is slid. The orifice 10 during movement 10a, 10b, and 10c), the piston 8 is filled with a working fluid Z that generates a drag force in a direction opposite to the sliding direction, and each of the orifices 10 (10a 10b and 10c) have different opening areas, and the plurality of shock absorbers 6 (6a, 6b, and 6c) have different energy absorption characteristics.

  The orifice 10 (10a, 10b, 10c) is, for example, divided into three regions: tsunami, storm surge, and normal time. The shock absorber 6c is set to a small orifice 10c corresponding to a tsunami, and the shock absorber 6b is set to a middle orifice 10b corresponding to a high tide.

As the working fluid Z, a gas or a liquid is used, and a liquid such as highly viscous oil is preferably used.
This is to increase the flow path resistance when the working fluid Z passes through the orifices 10 (10a, 10b, 10c).

  Also, in the cylinders 7 of the respective shock absorbers 6 (6a, 6b, 6c), when these shock absorbers 6 (6a, 6b, 6c) are in an inoperative state, the piston 8 is pressed, A biasing member 11 such as a compression spring that biases the piston rod 9 so as to be accommodated in the cylinder 7 is provided.

  Further, a seal member 12 is attached to the end surface of the cylinder 7 through which the piston rod 9 passes, and the cylinder 7 is sealed by the seal member 12.

  Such a plurality of shock absorbers 6 (6a, 6b, 6c) are connected to each other in series via a chain or a wire as shown in FIG. The respective end portions are connected to the floating block 1 and the second anchor 4 through the above-described chain, wire, or the like.

  As shown in FIG. 4, a plurality of such floating blocks 1 are installed in parallel to form a breakwater of one unit U of about 10 km, and the plurality of units U are predicted to generate tsunami as shown in FIG. It is used for the wave extinguishing function as a breakwater.

  Then, when a wave acts on the floating block 1 at a normal time when the wave energy is relatively small, as shown in FIG. 6, the shock absorber 6a having a large orifice 10a in the shock absorbing line 5 is operated. As a result, an energy absorption action is obtained in the region indicated by a in the energy decay curve as indicated by X in FIG.

When the energy of the wave is attenuated, the shock absorber 6a is returned to the standby position by the action of the biasing member 11.
During this time, the other shock absorbers 6b and 6c are held in a non-operating state.

  In addition, when a wave having energy larger than normal and smaller than tsunami occurs, such as at the time of storm surge, first, after the shock absorber 6a set corresponding to the normal is activated, As shown in FIG. 7, a shock absorber 6b having a medium-sized orifice 10b is operated to obtain an energy absorbing action in a region indicated by b in the energy decay curve X.

When the energy of the wave is attenuated, the shock absorbers 6 a and 6 b are returned to the standby position by the action of the urging member 11.
During this time, the other shock absorber 6c is held in an inoperative state.

  Further, when a wave having a large energy occurs during a tsunami or the like, the shock absorber 6c having a small orifice 10c is operated as shown in FIG. 8 following the operation of the shock absorbers 6a and 6b. By doing so, an energy absorbing action in the region indicated by c in the energy decay curve X is obtained.

  Thus, according to the present invention, it is possible to obtain an effective energy absorption action over a wide energy band from small energy to large energy.

  In addition, although embodiment mentioned above showed about the example applied to the wave-absorbing effect | action, this invention is not limited to this.

For example, the shock absorber 6 can be made small and applied to a safety rope in a safety zone used by an operator at high altitude.
By applying it to the safety rope in this way, it is possible to generate an appropriate buffer function according to the impact of the drop and gently reduce the impact force applied to the worker.

Further, instead of the energy absorbing action by the working fluid Z and the orifice 10, an energy absorbing action by friction may be obtained.
In this case, a difference may be provided in the energy absorption characteristics of the plurality of shock absorbers 6 by adjusting the friction coefficient in the friction generating means.

1 Floating block 2 First anchor 3 Wire (chain)
4 Second anchor 5 Shock absorbing line 6 Shock absorber 6a Buffer 6b Buffer 6c Buffer 7 Cylinder 7a First chamber 7b Second chamber 8 Piston 9 Piston rod 10 Orifice 10a Orifice 8 (large)
10b Orifice (Medium)
10c Orifice (small)
11 Energizing member 12 Seal member S Sea surface Z Working fluid

Claims (6)

  A shock absorbing cable comprising a plurality of shock absorbers connected in series, and each of the plurality of shock absorbers having different energy absorption characteristics.   Each of the plurality of shock absorbers has a cylinder having an airtight structure, a piston which is slidably mounted in the cylinder in the longitudinal direction thereof, and which divides the inside of the cylinder into two in the longitudinal direction, and the piston And a piston rod that slidably penetrates one end of the cylinder and protrudes to the outside. The piston is formed with an orifice that penetrates the piston in the sliding direction. The cylinder is filled with a working fluid that generates a drag in the direction opposite to the sliding direction by passing the orifice when the piston slides, and each of the orifices of the plurality of shock absorbers. The opening areas are different from each other, and the plurality of shock absorbers have different energy absorption characteristics. Mounting of the shock-absorbing rope.   The shock absorbing cable according to claim 2, wherein the working fluid is a gas.   The shock absorbing cable according to claim 2, wherein the working fluid is a liquid.   The urging member for urging the piston in one direction is provided in the cylinder of each of the shock absorbers when the shock absorbers are in an inoperative state. 4. The shock absorbing cable according to any one of 4 above. The shock absorbing cable according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein among the respective shock absorbers, adjacent shock absorbers are connected to at least one of a chain or a wire.

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