JP2013237667A - Native natural enemy-attracting composition and method for attracting native natural enemy - Google Patents
Native natural enemy-attracting composition and method for attracting native natural enemy Download PDFInfo
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本発明は、土着天敵誘引組成物及び土着天敵の誘引方法等に関する。 The present invention relates to an indigenous natural enemy attracting composition, an indigenous natural enemy attracting method, and the like.
従来から、作物に発生し被害をもたらす有害節足動物の防除方法としては、化学農薬が広く使われてきた。一方、有害節足動物の天敵昆虫を利用する有害節足動物の防除方法も知られている。例えば、特許文献１には、発光装置を用いて有害節足動物の天敵昆虫を圃場内に誘引・定着させる方法と天敵に影響が少ない化学農薬の使用とを併用することにより、有害節足動物を防除する方法が開示されている。
また、土着天敵は、通常発生数が不規則なため、有害節足動物の防除に必要な絶対数を確保することが困難であり、該土着天敵を誘引する方法の開発が求められていた。
Conventionally, chemical pesticides have been widely used as a method for controlling harmful arthropods that occur in crops and cause damage. On the other hand, a method for controlling harmful arthropods using natural enemy insects of harmful arthropods is also known. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a method for attracting and fixing harmful arthropod natural enemy insects in a field using a light-emitting device and the use of a chemical pesticide that has little effect on natural enemies. A method of controlling is disclosed.
In addition, since the number of indigenous natural enemies is usually irregular, it is difficult to secure the absolute number necessary for the control of harmful arthropods, and development of a method for attracting the indigenous natural enemies has been demanded.
本発明は、有害節足動物の土着天敵を誘引する効果を有する組成物及び土着天敵の誘引方法を提供することを課題とする。 An object of the present invention is to provide a composition having an effect of attracting indigenous natural enemies of harmful arthropods and a method for attracting indigenous natural enemies.
本発明者は、有害節足動物の土着天敵を誘引する効果を有する組成物を見出すべく検討した結果、蚕の蛹の組成成分と酢酸とを含有する組成物が、有害節足動物の土着天敵を誘引する効果を有することを見出した。
すなわち本発明は、以下の通りである。
［１］ 蚕の蛹の組成成分と酢酸とを含有する土着天敵誘引組成物。
［２］ 蚕の蛹の組成成分と酢酸との含有量の比が、重量比で９９．９：０．１〜７０：３０である［１］に記載の組成物。
［３］ 蚕の蛹の組成成分と酢酸との含有量の比が、重量比で９８：２〜８０：２０である［１］に記載の組成物。
［４］ 蚕の蛹の組成成分と酢酸との含有量の比が、重量比で９５：５〜８５：１５である［１］に記載の組成物。
［５］ 蚕の蛹の組成成分が、蚕の蛹の乾燥粉末である［１］〜［４］のいずれか１項に記載の組成物。
［６］ ［１］〜［５］のいずれか１項に記載の組成物を、植物又は植物を栽培する土壌に施用する工程を有する土着天敵の誘引方法。
［７］ 土着天敵がゴミムシ類である［６］に記載の誘引方法。
［８］ ［６］に記載の誘引方法によって誘引される土着天敵による有害節足動物の防除方法。
［９］ 土着天敵に対する実質的な防除効果を与えない他の防除手段を併用する［８］に記載の防除方法。
［１０］ 土着天敵に対する実質的な防除効果を与えない他の防除手段がピリダリルを含有する製剤又はＢＴ剤の施用である［９］に記載の防除方法。
［１１］ 土着天敵がゴミムシ類である［８］〜［１０］のいずれか１項に記載の防除方法。
As a result of studying to find a composition having an effect of attracting indigenous natural enemies of harmful arthropods, the present inventor found that a composition containing a composition component of moths and acetic acid is indigenous to natural enemies of harmful arthropods. Has been found to have an effect of attracting.
That is, the present invention is as follows.
[1] An indigenous enemy attracting composition containing a composition component of cocoon moth and acetic acid.
[2] The composition according to [1], wherein the ratio of the content of the composition component of the cocoon cake to acetic acid is 99.9: 0.1 to 70:30 by weight.
[3] The composition according to [1], wherein the ratio of the content of the composition component of the strawberry to acetic acid is 98: 2 to 80:20 by weight.
[4] The composition according to [1], wherein the ratio of the content of the composition component of the cocoon cake to acetic acid is 95: 5 to 85:15 by weight.
[5] The composition according to any one of [1] to [4], wherein the composition component of the cocoon cocoon is a dry powder of the cocoon cocoon.
[6] A method for attracting indigenous natural enemies, which includes a step of applying the composition according to any one of [1] to [5] to a plant or soil for growing the plant.
[7] The attracting method according to [6], wherein the indigenous enemy is a beetle.
[8] A method for controlling harmful arthropods by indigenous enemies attracted by the attracting method according to [6].
[9] The control method according to [8], wherein another control means that does not give a substantial control effect against the native natural enemy is used in combination.
[10] The control method according to [9], wherein the other control means that does not give a substantial control effect on the native enemy is application of a preparation containing pyridalyl or a BT agent.
[11] The control method according to any one of [8] to [10], wherein the native natural enemy is a worm.
本発明により、有害節足動物の土着天敵を誘引することができる。 According to the present invention, indigenous natural enemies of harmful arthropods can be attracted.
本発明の土着天敵誘引組成物（以下、本組成物と記す。）は、蚕の蛹の組成成分と酢酸とを含有する。 The indigenous enemy attracting composition of the present invention (hereinafter referred to as the present composition) contains a cocoon cocoon composition component and acetic acid.
本発明に用いられる蚕の蛹の組成成分は、蚕の品種は特に限定されるものではなく、アミノ酸、タンパク質、ビタミン等を含有し、従来、魚の餌、釣り餌及び肥料等に利用されている。かかる蚕の蛹の組成成分は市販品として入手可能であり、蚕の蛹の乾燥粉末はさなぎ粉と呼ばれ、例えば、マルキュー株式会社製、有限会社マツイ製のさなぎ粉が挙げられる。また、有限会社マツイ製のサナギペレット、マルキュー株式会社製の蚕の蛹からの抽出物を濃縮したもの等を用いることもできる。本発明においては、蚕の蛹の乾燥粉末が好ましく用いられる。
蚕の蛹の乾燥粉末を使用する場合、粉末の粒径は特に限定されないが、例えば、１０〜１０００μmの粒径のものを用いてもよい。蚕の蛹の乾燥粉末としては、水分含量が５重量％以下の乾燥粉末が好ましく用いられる。ここで、水分含量とは、以下の方法により求められる乾燥によって失われた水分に相当する。
直径５０ｍｍのガラスシャーレに蚕の蛹の乾燥粉末２ｇを正確にはかりとり、薄層に拡げる。該ガラスシャーレを内部の湿気を充分追い出した乾燥機の中に入れ、５０℃で３時間乾燥する。乾燥剤として塩化カルシウムを入れたデシケーター中で２０分間放冷した後、重量を測定し、乾燥によって失われた水分を重量百分率として算出する。
The composition component of the salmon salmon used in the present invention is not particularly limited to the variety of salmon and contains amino acids, proteins, vitamins, etc., and conventionally used for fish food, fishing bait, fertilizer, etc. . The composition component of this cocoon cocoon is available as a commercial product, and the dried powder of cocoon cocoon is called pupa powder, and examples include pupa powder made by Marcue Co., Ltd. and Matsui Co., Ltd. Further, sanagi pellets manufactured by Matsui Co., Ltd., or concentrates obtained from cocoon pods manufactured by Marcue Co., Ltd. can be used. In the present invention, dry powder of persimmon persimmon is preferably used.
In the case of using a dried cocoon powder, the particle size of the powder is not particularly limited. For example, a powder having a particle size of 10 to 1000 μm may be used. As the dry powder of persimmon persimmon, a dry powder having a water content of 5% by weight or less is preferably used. Here, the water content corresponds to the water lost by drying, which is determined by the following method.
Accurately weigh 2 g of dried powder of persimmon persimmon on a glass petri dish with a diameter of 50 mm and spread it into a thin layer. The glass petri dish is placed in a drier where the internal moisture has been sufficiently removed and dried at 50 ° C. for 3 hours. After allowing to cool in a desiccator containing calcium chloride as a desiccant for 20 minutes, the weight is measured, and the water lost by drying is calculated as a percentage by weight.
本発明に用いられる酢酸としては、試薬や工業用酢酸、食酢等の酢酸を含有するものであれば特に限定されるものではなく、市販のものを用いることができる。 The acetic acid used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it contains an acetic acid such as a reagent, industrial acetic acid, and vinegar, and a commercially available one can be used.
本組成物における、蚕の蛹の組成成分と酢酸との含有割合は、特に限定されるものではないが、蚕の蛹の組成成分と酢酸との含有量の比が、重量比で、好ましくは９９．９：０．１〜７０：３０、より好ましくは９８：２〜８０：２０、さらに好ましくは９５：５〜８５：１５である。 In the present composition, the content ratio of the cocoon cocoon composition component and acetic acid is not particularly limited, but the ratio of the cocoon cocoon composition component and acetic acid content is preferably a weight ratio, It is 99.9: 0.1-70: 30, More preferably, it is 98: 2-80: 20, More preferably, it is 95: 5-85: 15.
本組成物は、蚕の蛹の組成成分と酢酸との混合物そのものを用いるが、必要に応じて水、界面活性剤、防腐剤、ゲル化剤、保湿剤等のその他の成分を含有していてもよい。
本組成物は、そのまま又はその他の成分を添加して、土着天敵誘引剤として使用することができる。
本組成物における、蚕の蛹の組成成分と酢酸との合計量は、通常０．１％〜１００重量％、好ましくは０．２〜９９重量％である。
This composition uses a mixture of the cocoon cocoon composition component and acetic acid itself, but contains other components such as water, surfactant, preservative, gelling agent, moisturizing agent as necessary. Also good.
This composition can be used as an indigenous enemy attractant as it is or with other components added.
In the present composition, the total amount of the components of cocoon cake and acetic acid is usually 0.1% to 100% by weight, preferably 0.2 to 99% by weight.
本組成物は、植物又は植物を栽培する土壌に施用することにより土着天敵を誘引することができる。 The composition can attract indigenous natural enemies by applying to the plant or the soil where the plant is cultivated.
本発明の土着天敵の誘引方法としては、本組成物を植物又は植物の栽培地に施用することが挙げられる。具体的には、本組成物をそのまま畑の畝上等に施用する、本組成物を水に混合し、ジョロ等を用いて植物若しくは植物の栽培地に散布する、又は、本組成物をカップ等の容器に入れ、該容器を植物の栽培地に設置することにより施用することができる。 The method for attracting indigenous natural enemies of the present invention includes applying the present composition to a plant or a plant cultivation site. Specifically, the composition is applied as it is to the top of a field, etc., the composition is mixed with water and sprayed on a plant or a plant cultivation site using a sprinkler, or the composition is cupped. It can be applied by placing in a container such as a plant and placing the container in a plant cultivation area.
本組成物を、植物又は植物の栽培地に施用する場合、その施用量は、植物の種類、土着天敵の種類や発生程度、施用時期、気象条件等によって変化させ得るが、蚕の蛹の組成成分と酢酸との合計量として、当該植物を栽培する場所１０００ｍ2あたり通常１０〜１０００００ｇ、好ましくは５００〜５００００ｇである。 When this composition is applied to a plant or a plant cultivation site, the application amount can be changed depending on the type of plant, the type and generation of indigenous enemies, the application time, weather conditions, etc. The total amount of the component and acetic acid is usually 10 to 100000 g, preferably 500 to 50000 g per 1000 m 2 where the plant is cultivated.
本組成物を水に混合して散布することにより施用する場合、本組成物１００重量部に対して、通常５０〜５００００重量部の水を使用する。 When the composition is applied by mixing with water and sprayed, 50 to 50000 parts by weight of water is usually used with respect to 100 parts by weight of the composition.
本発明により誘引される土着天敵とは、作物に被害をもたらす害虫類、例えば、ケムシ類、イモムシ類、シャクトリムシ類等のチョウ目害虫、アブラムシ類等のカメムシ目害虫及びアザミウマ類等のアザミウマ目害虫を襲って食べる捕食性の天敵類又は当該害虫に寄生して殺す寄生性の天敵類等のことを示し、植物の栽培地及びその周辺で毎年活動している。
かかる土着天敵としては、例えば、クモ類、ハサミムシ類、ハネカクシ類、テントウムシ類、捕食性カメムシ類、寄生バチ類、寄生バエ類及びゴミムシ類が挙げられる。
Indigenous natural enemies attracted by the present invention are pests that cause damage to crops, for example, lepidopterous insects such as beetles, caterpillars, and leafworms, stink bugs such as aphids, and thrips such as thrips It shows predatory natural enemies that eat by attacking or parasitic natural enemies that parasitize and kill the pests, and is active every year in and around the plant cultivation area.
Examples of such indigenous enemies include spiders, earwigs, beetles, ladybirds, predatory stink bugs, parasitic bees, parasitic flies and worms.
本組成物は、ゴミムシ類を誘引するために好ましく用いられる。かかるゴミムシ類としては、例えば、ヤコンオサムシ（Carabus yaconinus）、エゾカタビロオサムシ（Campalita chinense）、セアカヒラタゴミムシ（Dolichus halensis）、オオクロツヤヒラタゴミムシ（Synuchus nitidus）、オオアトボシアオゴミムシ（Chlaenius micans）、アトボシアオゴミムシ（C. naeviger）、キボシアオゴミムシ（C. posticalis）、アトワアオゴミムシ（C. virgulifer）及びウスアカクロゴモクムシ（Harpalus sinicus）が挙げられる。 The present composition is preferably used for attracting worms. Examples of such beetles include Carabus yaconinus, Campalita chinense, Dolichus halensis, Synuchus nitidus, and Chlaenius mics. ), C. naeviger (C. naeviger), C. posticalis, C. virgulifer, and Harpalus sinicus.
本組成物は、植物に対して摂食、吸汁等の加害を行う有害節足動物の土着天敵を誘引し、当該有害節足動物による加害から植物を保護するために用いることができる。 This composition can be used for attracting indigenous natural enemies of harmful arthropods that injure plants by feeding, sucking, etc., and protecting the plants from harm by the harmful arthropods.
本発明により誘引される土着天敵によって防除される対象となる有害節足動物としては、例えば、アブラムシ類（ワタアブラムシ、モモアカアブラムシ等）等のカメムシ目害虫、シンクイムシ類、ヨトウ類、コナガ、アオムシ、ウワバ類等のチョウ目害虫が挙げられる。 Examples of harmful arthropods to be controlled by indigenous natural enemies attracted by the present invention include stink bugs such as aphids (cotton aphids, peach aphids, etc.), stink bugs, clovers, coral, stink bugs, etc. And lepidopterous pests such as ouaba.
本発明の有害節足動物の防除方法は、畑、水田、乾田、芝生、果樹園等の農耕地又は非農耕地用にて葉菜類、根菜類及び果菜類等に対して適用することができる。 The method for controlling harmful arthropods of the present invention can be applied to leafy vegetables, root vegetables, fruit vegetables and the like in agricultural fields such as fields, paddy fields, dry fields, lawns, orchards, or non-cultivated land.
本組成物を施用することができる植物としては、例えば、ホウレンソウ、チンゲンサイ、ネギ、キャベツ、ハクサイ、レタス、セルリー、パセリ、ブロッコリー、カリフラワー、アスパラガス等の葉菜類、ダイコン、カブ、ニンジン等の根菜類、ナス、キュウリ、スイカ、メロン、カボチャ等の果菜類が挙げられる。 Plants to which this composition can be applied include, for example, spinach, chinensai, leek, cabbage, Chinese cabbage, lettuce, celery, parsley, broccoli, cauliflower, leafy vegetables such as asparagus, root vegetables such as radish, turnip and carrot Fruit and vegetables such as eggplant, cucumber, watermelon, melon, and pumpkin.
本発明では、本組成物を用いて土着天敵を誘引させるとともに、前記土着天敵に対する実質的な防除効果を与えない他の防除手段を併用することもできる。ここで「実質的な防除効果を与えない」とは、本発明の効果を消失させることがないものであればよく、必ずしも厳密な程度を意味しない。 In this invention, while attracting an indigenous enemy by using this composition, the other control means which does not give the substantial control effect with respect to the said native enemy can also be used together. Here, “does not give a substantial control effect” as long as the effect of the present invention is not lost, and does not necessarily mean a strict degree.
他の防除手段としては、化学的防除手段等が挙げられる。例えば、土着天敵に影響が少ない化学農薬やＢＴ剤を利用することができる。
土着天敵に影響が少ない化学農薬の具体例としては、ピリダリル（プレオフロアブル、住友化学株式会社製）、ピメトロジン（チェス水和剤、シンジェンタジャパン株式会社製）、ルフェヌロン（マッチ乳剤、シンジェンタジャパン株式会社製）、インドキサカルブＭＰ（トルネードフロアブル、デュポン株式会社製）、クロラントラニリプロール(プレバソンフロアブル5、デュポン株式会社製）、フルベンジアミド(フェニックス顆粒水和剤、日本農薬株式会社製)、ピリフルキナゾン(コルト顆粒水和剤、日本農薬株式会社製)を挙げることができる。
ＢＴ剤とは、細菌の１種であるＢＴ菌（Bacillus thuringiensis）が産生する殺虫性の結晶毒素（タンパク質）等を含み、主にチョウ目害虫防除に利用される微生物殺虫剤であり、例えば、エスマルクＤＦ（住友化学株式会社製）、フローバックＤＦ（住友化学株式会社製）、ゼンターリ顆粒水和剤（住友化学株式会社製）、デルフィン顆粒水和剤（アグロカネショウ株式会社製）、チューンアップ顆粒水和剤（アグロカネショウ株式会社製）、トアローフロアブルＣＴ（東亜合成株式会社製）を挙げることができる。
Examples of other control means include chemical control means. For example, chemical pesticides or BT agents that have little influence on indigenous natural enemies can be used.
Specific examples of chemical pesticides that have little effect on indigenous natural enemies include pyridalyl (Pleofloable, manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.), pymetrozine (Chess wettable powder, manufactured by Syngenta Japan Co., Ltd.), lufenuron (match emulsion, manufactured by Syngenta Japan Co., Ltd.) ), Indoxacarb MP (Tornado Flowable, manufactured by DuPont), Chlorantraniliprole (Prebasson Flowable 5, manufactured by DuPont), Flubendiamide (Phoenix granule wettable powder, manufactured by Nippon Agricultural Chemicals), Pyrifluquinazone (Colt granule wettable powder, manufactured by Nippon Agricultural Chemicals Co., Ltd.).
The BT agent includes an insecticidal crystal toxin (protein) produced by BT bacteria (Bacillus thuringiensis), which is one of bacteria, and is a microbial insecticide mainly used for controlling Lepidoptera, S-Marc DF (manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.), Flowback DF (manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.), Zentari granule wettable powder (manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.), Delphine granule wettable powder (manufactured by Agrokanesho Co., Ltd.), tune-up granules Examples thereof include a wettable powder (manufactured by Agro Kanesho Co., Ltd.) and Toro Flowable CT (manufactured by Toagosei Co., Ltd.).
以下、本発明を試験例にてさらに詳しく説明するが、本発明は以下の例のみに限定されるものではない。なお、以下の例において、特にことわりの無い限り、％は重量％を表し、比は重量比を表す。また、水の比重は１とする。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to test examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples. In the following examples, unless otherwise specified,% represents% by weight, and the ratio represents the weight ratio. The specific gravity of water is 1.
試験例１
酢酸（関東化学株式会社製、純度９９．５％）１０００ｍｇを１００ｃｃの水に溶解し、酢酸水溶液を調製した。該酢酸水溶液約１０ｃｃ（１０．１４ｇ）とさなぎ粉（マルキュー株式会社製、さなぎ１００％）９００ｍｇとを均一に混合し、試験用組成物（蚕の蛹の組成成分：酢酸＝９０：１０）を調製した。なお、使用したさなぎ粉の水分含量は３％であった。プラスチック製容器（直径６ｃｍ、高さ３．５ｃｍ）の底に綿（８ｃｍ×４ｃｍ、厚さ７ｍｍ）を二つ折りにして入れ、該綿に染み込ませるようにして前述の試験用組成物全量を添加した。これを本発明区１とした。
一方、酢酸を用いなかったこと以外は本発明区１と同様の操作を行い、これを比較区１とした。また、前述の酢酸水溶液及び水それぞれ約１０ｃｃを本発明区１と同様にプラスチック製容器中の綿に添加し、それぞれ比較区２及び比較区３とした。
試験は室内条件（室温２３℃、自然日長下）で行った。横長５２ｃｍ、縦長３８ｃｍ、高さ１４ｃｍのプラスチック製バットに高さ５ｃｍとなるように土を入れ、該バットの四隅に本発明区１及び比較区１〜３のプラスチック製容器を、それぞれ該容器の開口部が地面から約３ｍｍ高くなるように埋め込んだ。そして、放飼するゴミムシが一直線に移動することを防止するため、高さ５〜１０ｍｍのスギゴケを土の上（該容器周辺１ｃｍの範囲を除く）に敷き詰めた。なお、容器を地面から約３ｍｍ高くなるようにしたのは、ゴミムシが簡単には容器には落ち込まず、誘引によって補足されたことをより明確にするための工夫である。前述のバットの中央にゴミムシとして野外から採集したオオクロツヤヒラタゴミムシの成虫５頭及び同様に採集したセアカヒラタゴミムシの成虫５頭を１頭単位で丁寧に放飼し、１時間後に本発明区１及び比較区１〜３にそれぞれ誘引されたゴミムシ数を調査した。これを連続４回繰り返し、その際、条件が均一になるように本発明区１及び比較区１〜３のプラスチック製容器を埋め込む位置をランダムに入れ替えた。
その結果を表１に示す。
Test example 1
1000 mg of acetic acid (manufactured by Kanto Chemical Co., Inc., purity 99.5%) was dissolved in 100 cc of water to prepare an aqueous acetic acid solution. About 10 cc (10.14 g) of the acetic acid aqueous solution and 900 mg of pupa flour (manufactured by Marquee Co., Ltd., 100% pupa) are mixed uniformly to prepare a test composition (composition component of cocoon cake: acetic acid = 90: 10) Prepared. In addition, the water content of the used pupa flour was 3%. Fold cotton (8 cm x 4 cm, thickness 7 mm) into the bottom of a plastic container (diameter 6 cm, height 3.5 cm) and add the total amount of the above test composition so that the cotton is soaked. did. This was designated as Invention Zone 1.
On the other hand, except that acetic acid was not used, the same operation as in the present invention group 1 was performed, and this was designated as the comparative group 1. Further, about 10 cc of each of the above-mentioned acetic acid aqueous solution and water was added to the cotton in the plastic container in the same manner as in the present invention group 1 to make a comparative group 2 and a comparative group 3, respectively.
The test was conducted under indoor conditions (room temperature 23 ° C., natural day length). Put a soil in a plastic bat having a horizontal length of 52 cm, a vertical length of 38 cm, and a height of 14 cm so that the height is 5 cm, and place the plastic containers of the present invention zone 1 and comparative zone 1 to 3 at the four corners of the bat. The opening was embedded to be about 3 mm higher than the ground. Then, in order to prevent the trash bugs to be released from moving in a straight line, cedar moss having a height of 5 to 10 mm was spread on the soil (excluding the range of 1 cm around the container). The reason why the container is set to be about 3 mm higher than the ground is a device for making it more clear that the worm is not easily dropped into the container but is supplemented by attraction. In the center of the bat, 5 adult adults of the black-tailed slat beetle collected from the field as trash and 5 adults of the same red-spotted beetle collected in the same manner were carefully released in units of one unit, and after 1 hour, the present invention zone The number of beetles attracted to 1 and comparative groups 1 to 3 was investigated. This was repeated four times in succession, and the positions in which the plastic containers of the invention group 1 and the comparison groups 1 to 3 were embedded were randomly changed so that the conditions would be uniform.
The results are shown in Table 1.
2)オオクロツヤヒラタゴミムシ
3)セアカヒラタゴミムシ
2) Ookurotsuhirahiratagomimushi
3) Sea squirrel beetle
試験例２
酢酸（関東化学株式会社製、純度９９．５％）２０００ｍｇを１００ｃｃの水に溶解し、酢酸水溶液を調製した。該酢酸水溶液約１０ｃｃ（１０．１８ｇ）とさなぎ粉（マルキュー株式会社製、さなぎ１００％）８００ｍｇとを均一に混合し、試験用組成物（蚕の蛹の組成成分：酢酸＝８０：２０）を調製した。なお、使用したさなぎ粉の水分含量は３％であった。プラスチック製容器（直径６ｃｍ、高さ３．５ｃｍ）の底に綿（８ｃｍ×４ｃｍ、厚さ７ｍｍ）を二つ折りにして入れ、該綿に染み込ませるようにして前述の試験用組成物全量を添加した。これを本発明区２とした。
一方、酢酸を用いなかったこと以外は本発明区２と同様の操作を行い、これを比較区４とした。また、前述の酢酸水溶液及び水それぞれ約１０ｃｃを本発明区２と同様にプラスチック製容器中の綿に添加し、それぞれ比較区５及び比較区６とした。
試験は室内条件（室温２３℃、自然日長下）で行った。横長５２ｃｍ、縦長３８ｃｍ、高さ１４ｃｍのプラスチック製バットに高さ５ｃｍとなるように土を入れ、該バットの四隅に本発明区２及び比較区４〜６のプラスチック製容器を、それぞれ該容器の開口部が地面から約３ｍｍ高くなるように埋め込んだ。そして、放飼するゴミムシが一直線に移動することを防止するため、高さ５〜１０ｍｍのスギゴケを土の上（該容器周辺１ｃｍの範囲を除く）に敷き詰めた。なお、容器を地面から約３ｍｍ高くなるようにしたのは、ゴミムシが簡単には容器には落ち込まず、誘引によって補足されたことをより明確にするための工夫である。前述のバットの中央にゴミムシとして野外から採集したオオクロツヤヒラタゴミムシの成虫５頭及び同様に採集したセアカヒラタゴミムシの成虫５頭を１頭単位で丁寧に放飼し、１時間後に本発明区２及び比較区４〜６にそれぞれ誘引されたゴミムシ数を調査した。これを連続４回繰り返し、その際、条件が均一になるように本発明区２及び比較区４〜６のプラスチック製容器を埋め込む位置をランダムに入れ替えた。
その結果を表２に示す。
Test example 2
2000 mg of acetic acid (manufactured by Kanto Chemical Co., Inc., purity 99.5%) was dissolved in 100 cc of water to prepare an aqueous acetic acid solution. About 10 cc (10.18 g) of the acetic acid aqueous solution and 800 mg of pupa powder (manufactured by Marquee Co., Ltd., 100% pupa) are mixed uniformly to prepare a test composition (composition component of cocoon cake: acetic acid = 80: 20). Prepared. In addition, the water content of the used pupa flour was 3%. Fold cotton (8 cm x 4 cm, thickness 7 mm) into the bottom of a plastic container (diameter 6 cm, height 3.5 cm) and add the total amount of the above test composition so that the cotton is soaked. did. This was designated as Invention Zone 2.
On the other hand, the same operation as in the present invention group 2 was performed except that acetic acid was not used, and this was designated as a comparative group 4. Further, about 10 cc of each of the above-mentioned aqueous acetic acid solution and water were added to cotton in a plastic container in the same manner as in the present invention group 2 to make comparative group 5 and comparative group 6, respectively.
The test was conducted under indoor conditions (room temperature 23 ° C., natural day length). Put a soil in a plastic bat having a width of 52 cm, a length of 38 cm, and a height of 14 cm so that the height is 5 cm, and place the plastic containers of the present invention section 2 and the comparison sections 4 to 6 at the four corners of the bat respectively. The opening was embedded to be about 3 mm higher than the ground. Then, in order to prevent the trash bugs to be released from moving in a straight line, cedar moss having a height of 5 to 10 mm was spread on the soil (excluding the range of 1 cm around the container). The reason why the container is set to be about 3 mm higher than the ground is a device for making it more clear that the worm is not easily dropped into the container but is supplemented by attraction. In the center of the bat, 5 adult adults of the black-tailed slat beetle collected from the field as trash and 5 adults of the same red-spotted beetle collected in the same manner were carefully released in units of one unit, and after 1 hour, the present invention zone 2 and the number of beetles attracted to the comparison groups 4 to 6 were investigated. This was repeated four times continuously, and at that time, the positions in which the plastic containers of the present invention group 2 and the comparison groups 4 to 6 were embedded were randomly changed so that the conditions would be uniform.
The results are shown in Table 2.
2)オオクロツヤヒラタゴミムシ
3)セアカヒラタゴミムシ
2) Ookurotsuhirahiratagomimushi
3) Sea squirrel beetle
試験例３
酢酸（関東化学株式会社製、純度９９．５％）２００ｍｇを１００ｃｃの水に溶解し、酢酸水溶液を調製した。該酢酸水溶液約１０ｃｃ（１０．０１ｇ）とさなぎ粉（マルキュー株式会社製、さなぎ１００％）９８０ｍｇとを均一に混合し、試験用組成物（蚕の蛹の組成成分：酢酸＝９８：２）を調製した。なお、使用したさなぎ粉の水分含量は３％であった。プラスチック製容器（直径６ｃｍ、高さ３．５ｃｍ）の底に綿（８ｃｍ×４ｃｍ、厚さ７ｍｍ）を二つ折りにして入れ、該綿に染み込ませるようにして前述の試験用組成物全量を添加した。これを本発明区３とした。
一方、酢酸を用いなかったこと以外は本発明区３と同様の操作を行い、これを比較区７とした。また、前述の酢酸水溶液及び水それぞれ約１０ｃｃを本発明区３と同様にプラスチック製容器中の綿に添加し、それぞれ比較区８及び比較区９とした。
試験は室内条件（室温２３℃、自然日長下）で行った。横長５２ｃｍ、縦長３８ｃｍ、高さ１４ｃｍのプラスチック製バットに高さ５ｃｍとなるように土を入れ、該バットの四隅に本発明区３及び比較区７〜９のプラスチック製容器を、それぞれ該容器の開口部が地面から約３ｍｍ高くなるように埋め込んだ。そして、放飼するゴミムシが一直線に移動することを防止するため、高さ５〜１０ｍｍのスギゴケを土の上（該容器周辺１ｃｍの範囲を除く）に敷き詰めた。なお、容器を地面から約３ｍｍ高くなるようにしたのは、ゴミムシが簡単には容器には落ち込まず、誘引によって補足されたことをより明確にするための工夫である。前述のバットの中央にゴミムシとして野外から採集したオオクロツヤヒラタゴミムシの成虫５頭及び同様に採集したセアカヒラタゴミムシの成虫５頭を１頭単位で丁寧に放飼し、１時間後に本発明区３及び比較区７〜９にそれぞれ誘引されたゴミムシ数を調査した。これを連続４回繰り返し、その際、条件が均一になるように本発明区３及び比較区７〜９のプラスチック製容器を埋め込む位置をランダムに入れ替えた。
その結果を表３に示す。
Test example 3
200 mg of acetic acid (manufactured by Kanto Chemical Co., Inc., purity 99.5%) was dissolved in 100 cc of water to prepare an aqueous acetic acid solution. About 10 cc (10.01 g) of the acetic acid aqueous solution and 980 mg of pupa powder (manufactured by Marquee Co., Ltd., 100% pupa) are mixed uniformly to prepare a test composition (composition component of cocoon cake: acetic acid = 98: 2). Prepared. In addition, the water content of the used pupa flour was 3%. Fold cotton (8 cm x 4 cm, thickness 7 mm) into the bottom of a plastic container (diameter 6 cm, height 3.5 cm) and add the total amount of the above test composition so that the cotton is soaked. did. This was designated as invention zone 3.
On the other hand, the same operation as in the present invention group 3 was performed except that acetic acid was not used. Further, about 10 cc of each of the above-mentioned acetic acid aqueous solution and water were added to the cotton in the plastic container in the same manner as in the present invention group 3, and were designated as comparative group 8 and comparative group 9, respectively.
The test was conducted under indoor conditions (room temperature 23 ° C., natural day length). Put a soil in a plastic bat having a horizontal length of 52 cm, a vertical length of 38 cm, and a height of 14 cm so that the height is 5 cm, and place plastic containers of the present invention section 3 and comparative sections 7 to 9 at the four corners of the bat respectively. The opening was embedded to be about 3 mm higher than the ground. Then, in order to prevent the trash bugs to be released from moving in a straight line, cedar moss having a height of 5 to 10 mm was spread on the soil (excluding the range of 1 cm around the container). The reason why the container is set to be about 3 mm higher than the ground is a device for making it more clear that the worm is not easily dropped into the container but is supplemented by attraction. In the center of the bat, 5 adult adults of the black-tailed slat beetle collected from the field as trash and 5 adults of the same red-spotted beetle collected in the same manner were carefully released in units of one unit, and after 1 hour, the present invention zone The number of beetles attracted to 3 and comparative areas 7 to 9 was investigated. This was repeated four times in succession, and at that time, the positions in which the plastic containers of the invention group 3 and the comparison groups 7 to 9 were embedded were randomly changed so that the conditions would be uniform.
The results are shown in Table 3.
2)オオクロツヤヒラタゴミムシ
3)セアカヒラタゴミムシ
2) Ookurotsuhirahiratagomimushi
3) Sea squirrel beetle
試験例４
２０１２年５月８日にキャベツ（品種名：おきな）を約３ａの畑内の１３畝に１畝あたり７０株を約３０ｃｍ間隔で定植し、１試験区を約１２ｍ2（キャベツ３５株）とした。その後、通常の方法により生育させ、キャベツが結球期を経て収穫期にいたる間、同年６月６日、６月１２日、６月２０日、６月２６日、７月２日の各日に、キャベツ1株あたり試験用組成物０．５ｇ（１０００ｍ2あたり約１５００ｇ相当量）を、株元に小型のスプーンを使って散布した試験区を本発明区４とした。
本試験例にて用いた試験用組成物は、ポリエチレン製の袋内で重量比にしてさなぎ粉（マルキュー株式会社製、さなぎ１００％）９０に対して酢酸（関東化学株式会社製、純度９９．５％）１０を加え、均一になるよう、よく攪拌・混合して調製した。なお、使用したさなぎ粉の水分含量は３％であった。
また、本発明区４とは別の試験区においては、キャベツ結球直前から始期に相当する同年６月５日に、水１Lに対してシンダイン（展着剤，住友化学株式会社製）０．２mlを添加し、さらにプレオフロアブル（ピリダリル１０％水和剤，住友化学株式会社製）をピリダリル濃度が１００ｐｐｍとなるように添加し、よく攪拌して得られた薬液を肩掛け噴霧器を使用して散布し（１ｈａあたりプレオフロアブルとして約３０００ｍｌ相当量）、キャベツ結球初期から中期に相当する同年６月２０日には、水１L中に対してシンダイン（展着剤，住友化学株式会社製）０．２mlを添加し、さらにゼンターリ顆粒水和剤（BT菌の生芽胞および産生結晶毒素１０％水和剤，住友化学株式会社製）をBT菌の生芽胞および産生結晶毒素の濃度が１００ｐｐｍとなるように添加し、よく攪拌して得られた薬液を肩掛け噴霧器を使用して散布した（１ｈａあたりゼンターリ顆粒水和剤として約３０００ｇ相当量）以外は、本発明区４と同様にキャベツを生育させ、これを本発明区５とした。
一方、試験用組成物を散布しなかったこと以外は、本発明区４と同様にキャベツを生育させた無処理区、及び、歩行性のゴミムシのキャベツ畑への侵入を阻害するため、畝を波板（高さ３０ｃｍ）で覆ったこと以外は、本発明区４と同様にキャベツを生育させた比較区１０を設定した。
なお、本発明区４、５、比較区１０及び無処理区は、各試験区を３連制で行った。
調査は同年６月５日、６月１１日、６月２０日、６月２５日、６月２９日、７月５日の各日に実施し、各区中央に位置する１０株中の自然発生による害虫数を計数した。なお、試験期間中に確認された害虫の種類は、アオムシ、コナガ、ウワバ類の幼虫であった。各試験区における防除価は次の算式より算出した。
防除価＝（１−Ｃｂ／Ｔｂ×Ｔａ／Ｃａ）×１００
ただし、Ｃｂは無処理区の散布前（６月５日）の害虫数、Ｔｂは処理区の散布前（６月５日）の害虫数、Ｃａは無処理区の散布後（６月１１日、６月２０日、６月２５日、６月２９日、７月５日）の害虫数の合計、Ｔａは処理区の散布後（６月１１日、６月２０日、６月２５日、６月２９日、７月５日）の害虫数の合計。
また、各試験区における誘引されたゴミムシ数を調査するために、各試験区にそれぞれ９個ずつプラスチックコップ（径７０ｍｍ、高さ８０ｍｍ）を畝内に植えられたキャベツ同士の間の土壌に埋め込み、該プラスチックコップ内に落下したゴミムシを６月１１日、６月２０日、６月２５日、６月２９日、７月５日、７月１１日に回収・計数した。
試験結果を表４に示す。
本発明区４、５は、比較区１０及び無処理区と比較し、明らかに多数のゴミムシが採集され、高い害虫防除価を示した。
Test example 4
On May 8, 2012, cabbage (variety name: Okina) was planted at 13 cm in a field of about 3a at intervals of about 30 cm, and 1 test area was about 12 m 2 (35 cabbages). It was. After that, it is grown by the usual method, and while the cabbage goes through the heading stage to the harvesting stage, it is on each day of June 6, June 12, June 20, June 26, July 2 of the same year. The test group in which 0.5 g of the test composition per cabbage strain (approx. 1500 g per 1000 m 2 ) was sprayed on the stock using a small spoon was designated as the present invention group 4.
The composition for testing used in this test example was acetic acid (manufactured by Kanto Chemical Co., Inc., purity 99.99) with respect to pupa powder (manufactured by Marquee Co., Ltd., 100% pupa) 90 in a weight ratio in a polyethylene bag. 5%) 10 was added, and the mixture was stirred and mixed well so as to be uniform. In addition, the water content of the used pupa flour was 3%.
Further, in a test zone different from the present invention zone 4, Shindyne (spreading agent, manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.) 0.2 ml with respect to 1 L of water on June 5 of the same year corresponding to the beginning of cabbage heading. In addition, Pleioflowable (pyridalyl 10% wettable powder, manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.) was added so that the pyridalyl concentration was 100 ppm, and the chemical solution obtained by stirring well was sprayed using a shoulder sprayer. (Equivalent to about 3000 ml of pleo-flowable per ha), on June 20, the same year as cabbage heading, from the beginning to the middle, 0.2 ml of Cinderine (spreading agent, manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.) per 1 liter of water In addition, Zentari granule wettable powder (BT spores and produced crystal toxin 10% wettable powder, manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.) has a concentration of 100 ppm live spores and produced crystal toxin of 100 ppm. The cabbage was grown in the same manner as in the present invention section 4 except that the chemical solution obtained by adding well and spraying was sprayed using a shoulder sprayer (equivalent to about 3000 g as a Zentari granule wettable powder per ha). This was designated as Invention Zone 5.
On the other hand, except that the test composition was not sprayed, in order to inhibit the invasion of cabbage in the untreated section where cabbage was grown as in the present invention section 4, and the walking beetle, cabbage was used. A comparative group 10 in which cabbage was grown was set in the same manner as in the present invention group 4 except that it was covered with a corrugated plate (height 30 cm).
In the present invention zones 4, 5, comparative zone 10, and non-treatment zone, each test zone was carried out in triplicate.
The survey was conducted on June 5th, June 11th, June 20th, June 25th, June 29th, and July 5th of the same year. The number of pests was counted. In addition, the kind of insect pests confirmed during the test period was larvae of dung beetles, diamondback moths, and ouaba. The control value in each test area was calculated from the following formula.
Control value = (1-Cb / Tb × Ta / Ca) × 100
Where Cb is the number of pests before spraying in the untreated zone (June 5), Tb is the number of pests before spraying in the treated zone (June 5), and Ca is after spraying in the untreated zone (June 11) , June 20th, June 25th, June 29th, July 5th), the total number of pests, Ta after spraying the treatment area (June 11, June 20, June 25, The total number of pests on June 29 and July 5).
In order to investigate the number of attracted beetles in each test area, 9 plastic cups (70 mm in diameter and 80 mm in height) were embedded in the soil between the cabbages planted in the cage. The garbage beetles falling into the plastic cup were collected and counted on June 11, June 20, June 25, June 29, July 5, and July 11.
The test results are shown in Table 4.
The present invention groups 4 and 5 clearly showed a higher insect pest control value than the comparative group 10 and the untreated group, in which a large number of worms were collected.
試験例５
2012年８月３１日にブロッコリー（品種名：ハイツＳＰ）を約３ａの畑内の１０畝に１畝あたり４５株を約５０ｃｍ間隔で定植し、１試験区を約７ｍ2（ブロッコリー１５株）とした。その後、通常の方法により生育させ、ブロッコリーが生育期を経て着蕾し、収穫期にいたる間、同年１０月１日、１０月５日、１０月１１日、１０月１８日、１０月２５日の各日に、ブロッコリー１株あたり試験用組成物０．５ｇ（１０００ｍ2あたり約１０００ｇ相当量）を、株元に小型のスプーンを使って散布した試験区を本発明区６とした。
本試験例にて用いた試験用組成物は、ポリエチレン製の袋内で重量比にしてさなぎ粉（マルキュー株式会社製、さなぎ１００％）９０に対して酢酸（関東化学株式会社製、純度９９．５％）１０を加え、均一になるよう、よく攪拌・混合して調製した。なお、使用したさなぎ粉の水分含量は３％であった。
また、本発明区６とは別の試験区においては、ブロッコリー生育期に相当する同年１０月１日に、水１Ｌに対してシンダイン（展着剤、住友化学株式会社製）０．２ｍｌを添加し、さらにフェニックス顆粒水和剤（フルベンジアミド２０％水和剤，日本農薬株式会社製）をフルベンジアミド濃度が１００ｐｐｍとなるように添加し、よく攪拌して得られた薬液を肩掛け噴霧器を使用して散布した（１ｈａあたりフェニックス顆粒水和剤として１５００ｇ相当量）以外は、本発明区６と同様にブロッコリーを成育させ、これを本発明区７とした。
一方、試験用組成物を散布しなかったこと以外は、本発明区６と同様にブロッコリーを生育させた無処理区、試験用組成物０．５ｇの代わりにさなぎ粉０．４５ｇを散布した以外は、本発明区６と同様にブロッコリーを成育させた比較区１１、及び、試験用組成物０．５ｇの代わりに酢酸０．０５ｇを綿片（約1ｃｍ2）にしみ込ませて置いた以外は、本発明区６と同様にブロッコリーを成育させた比較区１２を設定した。
なお、本発明区６、７、比較区１１、１２及び無処理区は、各試験区を３連制で行った。
調査は同年９月２６日、１０月４日、１０月１０日、１０月１６日、１０月２２日、１０月３０日の各日に実施し、各区中央に位置する１０株中の自然発生による害虫数を計数した。なお、試験期間中に確認された害虫の種類は、アオムシ、ウワバ類、ヨトウ類の幼虫、及びダイコンシンクイムシであった。各試験区における防除価は次の算式より算出した。
防除価＝（１−Ｃｂ／Ｔｂ×Ｔａ／Ｃａ）×１００
ただし、Ｃｂは無処理区の散布前（９月２６日）の害虫数、Ｔｂは処理区の散布前（９月２６日）の害虫数、Ｃａは無処理区の散布後（１０月４日、１０月１０日、１０月１６日、１０月２２日、１０月３０日）の害虫数の合計、Ｔａは処理区の散布後（１０月４日、１０月１０日、１０月１６日、１０月２２日、１０月３０日）の害虫数の合計。
試験結果を表５に示す。
本発明区６、７は比較区１１、１２及び無処理区と比較し、明らかに高い害虫防除価を示した。
Test Example 5
On August 31, 2012, broccoli (variety name: Heights SP) was planted at 10 cm in a field of about 3a at a distance of about 50 cm at a distance of about 50 cm. One test area was about 7 m 2 (15 broccoli). It was. Then, it is grown by a normal method, broccoli settles through the growing season, and during the harvesting season, October 1, October 5, October 11, October 18, October 25 of the same year. The test group in which 0.5 g of a test composition (corresponding to about 1000 g per 1000 m 2 ) per broccoli was sprayed on each day using a small spoon was designated as the present invention group 6.
The composition for testing used in this test example was acetic acid (manufactured by Kanto Chemical Co., Inc., purity 99.99) with respect to pupa powder (manufactured by Marquee Co., Ltd., 100% pupa) 90 in a weight ratio in a polyethylene bag. 5%) 10 was added, and the mixture was stirred and mixed well so as to be uniform. In addition, the water content of the used pupa flour was 3%.
Moreover, in a test zone different from the present invention zone 6, on the 1st October of the same year corresponding to the broccoli growing season, 0.2 ml of syndyne (a spreading agent, manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.) was added to 1 L of water. Furthermore, add Phoenix granule wettable powder (fulvendiamide 20% wettable powder, manufactured by Nippon Agricultural Chemicals Co., Ltd.) so that the concentration of fulvendiamide is 100 ppm, and thoroughly stir the obtained chemical solution using a shoulder sprayer. The broccoli was grown in the same manner as in the present invention group 6 except that it was sprayed (equivalent to 1500 g as a phoenix granule wettable powder per ha).
On the other hand, except that the test composition was not sprayed, except for the non-treated section where broccoli was grown in the same manner as in the present invention section 6, 0.45 g of pupa flour was sprayed instead of 0.5 g of the test composition. Is similar to the present invention group 6 except that the broccoli was grown in the comparative group 11 and 0.05 g of acetic acid was impregnated in a cotton piece (about 1 cm 2 ) instead of 0.5 g of the test composition. In the same manner as in the present invention group 6, a comparative group 12 in which broccoli was grown was set.
In addition, in the present invention zones 6 and 7, the comparison zones 11 and 12, and the non-treatment zone, each test zone was carried out in triplicate.
The survey was conducted every day on September 26, October 4, October 10, October 16, October 22, October 30, and in the same year. The number of pests was counted. In addition, the kind of insect pests confirmed during the test period was larvae of rotifers, ouabas, mushrooms, and radish beetles. The control value in each test area was calculated from the following formula.
Control value = (1-Cb / Tb × Ta / Ca) × 100
However, Cb is the number of pests before spraying in the untreated zone (September 26), Tb is the number of pests before spraying in the treated zone (September 26), Ca is after spraying in the untreated zone (October 4th) The total number of pests on October 10, October 16, October 22, October 30, and Ta after spraying the treatment area (October 4, October 10, October 16, The total number of pests on October 22 and October 30).
The test results are shown in Table 5.
The present invention groups 6 and 7 showed clearly higher pest control values compared to the comparative groups 11 and 12 and the untreated group.
Claims (11)
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