JP2013235509A - Individual exposure management system - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To ensure transmission of warning information to individual personal dosimeters even when failure occurs in a monitoring center or a network, in an individual exposure management system installed in a nuclear power plant.SOLUTION: Individual personal dosimeters 24a to 24f include a function of automatically transmitting warning information to other personal dosimeters when determining abnormality, and a function of further transferring warning information to other personal dosimeters when receiving the warning information from other dosimeters. Accordingly, when warning information is generated in any one of the personal dosimeters, the information quickly spreads to the individual personal dosimeters.

Description

  The present invention relates to a personal exposure management system, and more particularly to a personal exposure management system having a plurality of personal dosimeters.

  The personal exposure management system is a system used in nuclear power plants, nuclear fuel processing facilities, and the like. It consists of a plurality of personal dosimeters carried by a plurality of workers, and a central management device (monitoring center) that transmits data between these personal dosimeters (Patent Documents 1 and 2). . A base station (wireless fixed station) is installed in each room, floor, etc. in the facility, and each dosimeter communicates with the central management device via the nearest base station. Abnormal information may be sent from the central control unit to each individual dosimeter. Patent Document 3 discloses a method of relaying data between a plurality of personal dosimeters. However, Patent Document 3 does not disclose switching of communication methods in an emergency.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-248839 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2003-14847 JP-A-1-258346

  In the event of an accident, fire or other emergency, it may be assumed that communication cannot be performed between the central control unit and each individual dosimeter. For example, a case where the central monitoring device stops functioning, a case where one or a plurality of radio base stations that perform relay stop functioning, and the like can be considered. In such a case, emergency information may not be output from the central management apparatus, or even if it is output, there is a possibility that only a part of the personal dosimeter reaches that information. Even in such a case, it is desirable to notify each worker as soon as possible of an emergency. This is because if the information can be obtained quickly, the next actions such as evacuation, standby, confirmation, etc. can be taken promptly.

  An object of the present invention is to enable emergency information to be reliably sent to each worker even if an abnormality occurs in a monitoring center or a base station in a personal exposure management system.

  The personal exposure management system according to the present invention includes a plurality of personal dosimeters and a monitoring center that manages information sent from the plurality of personal dosimeters, and each of the personal dosimeters is connected to the monitoring center. A wireless communication unit having a function of performing wireless communication and a function of performing wireless communication with other personal dosimeters, and a control unit for controlling the wireless communication, wherein the personal dosimeter has determined an abnormality. An alarm transmission control for transmitting alarm information to other personal dosimeters, and an alarm transfer control for transferring alarm information from other personal dosimeters to other personal dosimeters. And a control unit for executing the above.

  According to the above configuration, each personal dosimeter has a function of communicating with another personal dosimeter in addition to a function of performing communication with the monitoring center. Thus, in an emergency where an abnormality has been determined, for example, another personal dosimeter close to you, another personal dosimeter belonging to the same area as you, or an unspecified personal dose Alarm information can be transmitted directly to the meter. That is, even if there is a failure in the monitoring center or the base station, it is possible to establish a communication path that does not pass through them and share information. The controller is roughly divided into an alarm transmission function and an alarm transfer function. The former function is a function for notifying other personal dosimeters when an abnormality is judged in the personal dosimeter itself equipped with the control unit, and the latter function is alarm information from other personal dosimeters. This is a function for transferring the data to another personal dosimeter when it is received. According to the former function, it is possible to issue a warning promptly to the surroundings based on the judgment of each individual dosimeter without waiting for a warning process in the monitoring center. According to the latter function, even if the communication range of individual personal dosimeters is limited, alarm information can be sequentially transferred and a warning can be issued over a wide range as a result. Of course, the range in which an alarm is sent may be limited according to the alarm level and the degree of danger. For example, alarms may be limited to the same floor or limited to the same building. In that case, you may make it alert | report a condition separately with respect to the person in another floor or the person in another building. In order to manage the range of alarm transmission, the alarm information preferably includes information such as the area number of the issue source and the area number indicating the alarm range.

  Desirably, communication is established between the monitoring center and the plurality of personal dosimeters during normal times, and whether communication is established between the monitoring center and the plurality of personal dosimeters during abnormal times. First, communication is sequentially established between communicable personal dosimeters, and alarm information is sequentially transferred. Communication between the monitoring center and multiple personal dosimeters is a “one-to-many” (host-terminal group) communication form in a hierarchical relationship, and communication between personal dosimeters is “one-to-one” at the field level ( Peer to Peer). If the communication method is switched between normal and abnormal times, centralized management can be realized in normal times, and power consumption in individual personal dosimeters can be suppressed. In abnormal times, one-to-one communication in addition to one-to-many communication To transmit alarm information quickly and reliably. In communication between personal dosimeters, information transmitted from a certain personal dosimeter may be received simultaneously by a plurality of personal dosimeters. Since such communication does not pass through the monitoring center, it can be understood that it is included in the category of one-to-one communication, that is, a plurality of one-to-one communication is realized at the same time. As a result of repeating such communication, alarm information is propagated through a tree-like transfer network. As a result of repeated transfer of alarm information, the same alarm information is sent from other personal dosimeters regardless of whether the alarm information has already been received or has already been transferred. In such a case, the alarm information may be ignored. It is desirable to give priority to alarm information reaching all personal dosimeters existing in a certain area.

  Preferably, the control unit executes reset transfer control for transferring the reset information to another personal dosimeter when the reset information is received. According to this configuration, since reset information is transferred between personal dosimeters even at the time of alarm resetting, a quick and reliable reset process can be expected. Although the issuing of the reset information may be allowed to individual dosimeters, in order to prevent the reset information from being transmitted by mistake, the authority may be given only to the monitoring center.

  Preferably, the control unit switches the transfer operation condition based on a remaining battery level at least in the alarm transfer control. For example, when the remaining battery level is low, the transmission interval for transfer may be increased. When the remaining battery level is further reduced, the exposure management function and the alarm notification function The alarm sound and the vibrator operation may be stopped with priority given to maintenance, and the transmission operation such as transfer may be stopped in principle. Normally, when alarm information is issued from any personal dosimeter, the alarm information is promptly sent to all personal dosimeters within a certain range due to collective transfer of other personal dosimeters. It will be. Therefore, after a predetermined time has elapsed, the control may be switched to power saving priority.

  Desirably, the said control part performs the said alarm transmission control, when the warning instruction | command is given from the user. According to this configuration, each individual dosimeter can be used as an emergency call button.

  According to the present invention, in an individual exposure management system, emergency information can be reliably sent to each worker even if an abnormality occurs in a monitoring center or a base station.

It is a figure which shows the communication form at the normal time in the personal exposure management system which concerns on this invention. It is a figure which shows the communication form in emergency in the personal exposure management system which concerns on this invention. It is a figure which shows the structural example of a personal dosimeter. It is a flowchart which shows the operation example in each personal dosimeter. It is a figure for demonstrating the alarm operation content and the transmission conditions at the time of an alarm.

  DESCRIPTION OF EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram showing the overall configuration of the personal exposure management system according to the present invention. FIG. 1 shows a normal communication mode in which no abnormality has occurred, that is, conceptually shows communication between a host and a plurality of terminals. The personal exposure management system shown in FIG. 1 is installed in a nuclear power plant, a nuclear fuel processing facility, etc., and performs personal exposure management of workers working there.

  In FIG. 1, a network 10 is provided in a facility such as a nuclear power plant. A monitoring center 12 is connected on the network 10. The monitoring center 12 is configured by a host computer or the like. The monitoring center 12 has a function of managing data collected in each individual dosimeter, that is, exposure data. It also has a function to issue an alarm in the event of an abnormality. A plurality of area monitors 14 and 16 are connected on the network 10. Each area monitor 14, 16 measures the air dose in the area where it is installed. In addition, a plurality of personal dosimeters are connected to the network 10 via a plurality of base stations 18 and 20 as shown in the figure, and a drainage monitor, a monitoring post, and the like are connected. Data collected in these measuring devices is managed in the monitoring center 12.

  A plurality of workers 22a to 22f are working in the facility, and each of them carries personal dosimeters 24a to 24f. A specific configuration example of each of the individual dosimeters 24a to 24f will be described later with reference to FIG.

  The individual dosimeters 24 a to 24 f are connected to the monitoring center 12 via any one of the base stations, specifically, the nearest base stations 18 and 20, and via the network 10. That is, the monitoring center 12 and the plurality of personal dosimeters 24a to 24f are connected in a one-to-many communication form, in other words, host-terminal communication is realized. In normal times, communication is not performed between terminals, that is, between personal dosimeters.

  During normal times, the personal dosimeters 24a to 24f may be called in order by the polling function in the monitoring center 12 to obtain data from the respective devices, or the individual dosimeters 24a to 24f may be periodically accessed. Data may be transmitted by communicating with the monitoring center 12. In order to reduce power consumption in the individual dosimeters 24a to 24f, wireless communication is performed at regular intervals, for example, every 10 minutes, every 30 minutes, and the transmission function is in a sleep state in other periods. You may do it. On the other hand, in an emergency that will be described later, the wireless function is always in a standby state.

  In FIG. 1, base stations 18 and 20 are provided for each area, and one or a plurality of personal dosimeters belonging to each area are connected to the monitoring center 12 via the base station 18 installed in the area. Connected to. Of course, when there is a wide work area or the like, the entire area may be divided into a plurality of zones, and a base station may be arranged for each zone. A radio relay station or the like may be provided.

  FIG. 2 conceptually shows a communication form in an abnormal state, that is, in an emergency. The same components as those shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 2, a failure has occurred on the network 10 as indicated by reference numerals 26 and 28, and in this example, a failure has occurred in the base stations 18A and 20A. As a result, communication between the monitoring center 12 and the plurality of personal dosimeters 24a to 24f is not possible. If only the monitoring center 12 has a function of issuing an alarm, the alarm information can be transmitted to the individual personal dosimeters 24a to 24f, that is, the individual workers 22a to 22f when such a failure occurs. become unable. Therefore, in this embodiment, a method is adopted in which alarm information is transmitted between neighboring personal dosimeters. In other words, each individual dosimeter has a function of relaying alarm information. The relay transmission of alarm information is conceptually illustrated in FIG.

  Specifically, an abnormality is detected in the personal dosimeter 24d, and alarm information is transmitted from the personal dosimeter 24d to other personal dosimeters around it. This is indicated by reference numerals 32, 38 and 40. As indicated by reference numeral 32, when alarm information is transmitted from the personal dosimeter 24d to the personal dosimeter 24c, the relay transmission function of the personal dosimeter 24c is exhibited. The same alarm information is retransmitted from the dosimeter 24c toward a personal dosimeter existing in the surrounding area. Thus, the alarm information can be received by the personal dosimeters 24a and 24b, and the alarm information can be transmitted to one or more other personal dosimeters via the personal dosimeters 24a and 24b. Is possible. On the other hand, as indicated by reference numerals 38 and 40, the individual dosimeters 24e and 24f that receive the alarm information from the personal dosimeter 24d as the transmission source also exhibit the same alarm information relay transmission function as those described above. The same alarm information is transmitted to one or a plurality of personal dosimeters existing around.

  When the above process is applied to a certain area or the entire area, alarm information is distributed to all personal dosimeters existing in the area, and the monitoring information is transmitted via the monitoring center 12 or the network 10. No, alarm processing using transmission between personal dosimeters in the field is realized.

  In FIG. 2, a failure has occurred in the base station 18A. Therefore, as indicated by reference numeral 30, communication between the base station 18A and the personal dosimeter 24c is not established. If the information can be transmitted from the monitoring center 12 from there, alarm information is also given to the monitoring center 12. That is, in an emergency, in addition to the communication mode between the host and the terminal, the communication mode between the terminals is realized at the same time, and the situation at the monitoring center 12 is achieved by using such a dual communication mode together. In addition to grasping, rapid and reliable transmission of alarm information to the personal dosimeter is realized. Further, even if a failure occurs in the network or the management center, it is possible to accurately transmit information to each individual dosimeter by transmitting between the individual dosimeters.

  Incidentally, in the present embodiment, relay transmission between terminals is executed in addition to the communication mode between the host and the terminal even when the reset signal is transmitted.

  FIG. 3 shows a configuration example of a personal dosimeter. As shown in the figure, the personal dosimeter 24 includes a sensor 42 that detects radiation such as gamma rays. The sensor 42 is a semiconductor sensor, for example. The output signal is input to the signal processing circuit 44. The signal processing circuit 44 includes an amplifier, a wave height discriminator, and the like. The microcomputer 46 includes a counter and the like, and the dose and dose equivalent are calculated by the microcomputer 46. Further, the microcomputer 46 has a function of determining abnormality and a function of controlling wireless communication. The operation contents shown in FIG. 4 described later are realized by the microcomputer 46.

  The LED array 48 is composed of a plurality of LEDs, and one or more of them blink in an abnormal state. The speaker 50 is for generating an alarm sound. The vibrator 52 generates vibrations when abnormal. The wireless communication unit 54 is for communicating via an antenna 56 by radio waves. Of course, communication using infrared rays or the like may be performed. The display 58 is a liquid crystal display and displays the contents of alarm information. The battery 60 can be charged, and for example, a coin-type battery or the like is used. The personal dosimeter 24 has a rod-like shape as a whole, and is attached to, for example, an operator's breast pocket.

  FIG. 4 illustrates the operation of the personal dosimeter as a flowchart. In S10, radiation measurement and calculation are performed, and transmission to the monitoring center is performed. Of course, transmission may be performed in response to polling from the monitoring center. In S12, it is determined whether or not the numerical value indicating the measurement result is abnormal. If it is determined that the measurement result is abnormal, the degree is determined in S14, that is, whether the dose is large or small. If the dose is small, that is, if the degree of abnormality is small, an alarm operation is executed in S16. On the other hand, if the dose is large, an alarm operation is executed in S17, and then alarm information is transmitted to other personal dosimeters or the like as an on-site alarm in S18.

  Here, the alarm operation shown in S16 has a predetermined operation content indicating that the degree of risk is small, such as blinking of a yellow LED, display of alarm content indicating a low degree of risk, alarm indicating a low degree of risk. For example, execution of sound or vibrator operation. On the other hand, the alarm operation shown in S17 includes blinking of a red LED, display of alarm contents indicating a high degree of danger, an alarm sound indicating a high degree of danger, and an operation of a vibrator. In S18, alarm information is transmitted to other personal dosimeters and a monitoring center using the personal dosimeter as a transmission source. The alarm information includes information such as a sender identifier (ID), an area number to which the personal dosimeter belongs, and a level indicating the degree of danger. In addition, the content of the operation | movement shown to S16, S17, S18 is switched according to the state of the battery, and it demonstrates later using FIG. Reference numeral 100 indicates an operation when a reset signal is received, that is, the operation of S18 continues until the reset signal is received. That is, alarm information is repeatedly transmitted to the surroundings. However, the transmission interval is varied according to the state of the battery as will be described later.

  In S22, it is determined whether a response to the transmission to the monitoring center executed in S10 has been received. That is, if no acknowledgment is returned from the monitoring center, a failure of the monitoring center itself or the network is assumed. In such a case, an alarm operation is executed in S24. For example, a yellow LED blinks and information indicating that communication was not possible is displayed on the display. You may make it generate an alarm sound and operate a vibrator as needed.

  In S26, it is determined whether or not alarm information from the monitoring center has been received. For example, when a fire or an accident occurs, an alarm operation is executed in the personal dosimeter in S28, and an alarm relay operation is executed in S30. Here, the alarm operation in S28 is the same as the alarm operation in S17 described above. The alarm relay operation S30 is an operation for transmitting the received alarm information toward other personal dosimeters existing in the vicinity. Thereby, it becomes possible to pass the same information also to the personal dosimeter which exists in the surroundings while being in the alarm state by itself. As indicated by reference numeral 102, when a reset signal is received, the alarm relay operation ends, and the process returns to the main routine.

  In S32, it is determined whether or not alarm information transmitted from another personal dosimeter has been received. If such information is received, an alarm operation is executed in S34, and an alarm relay operation is executed in S36. Here, the alarm operation S34 has the same contents as the alarm operations S28 and S18 described above, and the alarm relay operation S36 is the same as the alarm relay operation S30 described above. That is, the alarm information received from other personal dosimeters is further transmitted to other personal dosimeters. As a result, relay of alarm information is realized. Even if the reach of radio waves from the personal dosimeter is small, alarm information can be given to all necessary personal dosimeters by such a relay of alarm information. Reference numeral 104 denotes an operation at the time of receiving a reset signal. In this case, the alarm relay operation is completed, and the alarm operation is also completed. Each process from S10 is repeatedly executed until it is determined in S38 that the above processing is to be terminated.

  Therefore, according to the operation example shown in FIG. 4, when an abnormality is detected by itself, it can be promptly transmitted to surrounding personal dosimeters. Even when alarm information is received from the monitoring center, it can be promptly transmitted to surrounding personal dosimeters. Furthermore, when alarm information is received from a surrounding personal dosimeter, it can be transmitted to other personal dosimeters. Therefore, once the relay transmission as described above is started, it is possible to quickly reach the alarm information to all personal dosimeters belonging to the same floor or the same area. As a result, the operator can quickly detect such a danger and can perform necessary confirmation, countermeasure, evacuation, and the like.

  FIG. 5 illustrates the operation content in relation to the battery state. That is, in the present embodiment, the operation content of the personal dosimeter in an emergency is switched according to the battery consumption state. Reference numeral 110 denotes a normal power mode, which is a case where the remaining battery level is sufficient. Reference numeral 112 denotes a power saving mode, which is a case where the remaining battery level is low. Reference numeral 114 denotes a function maintenance priority mode, which indicates a state in which there is almost no remaining battery capacity. Reference numeral 116 indicates a transmission interval for transmitting the alarm information, and reference numeral 118 indicates the alarm operation content in the alarm operation described above. In the normal power mode indicated by reference numeral 110, for example, 1 second is set as the alarm information transmission interval. That is, relay transmission or the like is executed at a relatively short interval. As the alarm operation content 118, LED blinking, alarm content display, alarm sound on, vibrator on, and the like are set. On the other hand, in the power saving mode 112, the transmission interval 116 is longer, for example, transmission is performed at intervals of 5 seconds. Further, the alarm operation content 118 is limited, and in the illustrated example, only blinking of the LED and display of the alarm content are executed. That is, no alarm sound is generated and no vibrator is operated.

  In the function maintenance priority mode 114, no transmission is performed and only reception is performed. That is, only the processing of the received signal from the other is performed, and consideration is given so that the battery is not consumed as much as possible. As the alarm operation content 118, only LED blinking and alarm display are executed as described above. By switching the operation content according to the battery consumption state in this way, exposure management can be performed accurately, warning information can be reliably transmitted to the worker, and the state changes. Even in such a case, it is possible to promptly inform the worker.

  In the above-described embodiment, an area or area for transmitting alarm information is designated at the transmission source so that alarm information is transmitted to all personal dosimeters belonging to the area, and individual doses belonging to other areas Such alarm information may not be transmitted to the meter. In such a case, status notifications or the like instead of alarm information may be sent to personal dosimeters belonging to other areas. The transmission range of alarm information can be variably set according to the urgency level or the abnormality level. In the above embodiment, the transmission interval is switched for power saving. However, for example, transmission power may be switched. Moreover, you may comprise so that it may switch in each user also about the alarm action content. For example, if an alarm state confirmation button is pressed, the power saving priority operation may be performed thereafter.

  The personal dosimeter in this embodiment is provided with an emergency button (SW) 59 as shown in FIG. When the operator operates the button 59, the process of S20 in FIG. 4 is executed, that is, interrupt processing is executed, and as a result, S17 and S18 are executed. That is, even if a dose abnormality is not detected, for example, if a fire is confirmed, the operator can operate the emergency button to transmit the alarm information to each individual dosimeter within a certain range as described above. It is possible. A button such as a reset button may be provided in order to cancel the operation in the personal dosimeter that has performed such an operation.

  By the way, in this embodiment, when a reset signal is sent from the monitoring center, the alarm operation and relay transmission of alarm information are stopped accordingly, but if such reset information is also relayed, the relay transmission is performed. It is possible to prevent reset leakage. For example, even if there is a personal dosimeter that is away from the base station or has poor radio waves due to radio wave shielding, etc., reset information is transmitted from a nearby personal dosimeter to ensure that the reset information is sent to each individual dosimeter Can be notified.

  10 networks, 12 monitoring centers, 14, 16 area monitors, 18, 20 base stations (fixed stations), 22a-22f workers, 24a-24f personal dosimeters.

Claims (5)

A plurality of personal dosimeters, and a monitoring center for managing information sent from the plurality of personal dosimeters,
Each individual dosimeter is
A wireless communication unit having a function of performing wireless communication with the monitoring center and a function of performing wireless communication with other personal dosimeters;
A control unit for controlling the wireless communication, and when the personal dosimeter determines abnormality, alarm transmission control for transmitting alarm information to another personal dosimeter, and alarm information from the other personal dosimeter A control unit for executing alarm transfer control for transferring it to another personal dosimeter when it is received; and
The personal exposure management system characterized by including. The system of claim 1, wherein
Communication is established between the monitoring center and the plurality of personal dosimeters at normal times,
The alarm information is sequentially transferred by sequentially establishing communication between communicable personal dosimeters regardless of the establishment of communication between the monitoring center and the plurality of personal dosimeters at the time of abnormality.
Personal exposure management system characterized by this. The system according to claim 1 or 2,
The control unit executes reset transfer control to transfer the reset information to another personal dosimeter when it is received.
Personal exposure management system characterized by this. The system according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
The control unit switches the transfer operation condition based on the remaining battery level at least in the alarm transfer control.
Personal exposure management system characterized by this. The system according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
The personal exposure management system, wherein the control unit executes the warning transmission control when a warning command is given from a user.

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