JP2013235224A - Image display module and image display device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an image display module and an image display device capable of forming a high-resolution multi-viewpoint image with a simple configuration.SOLUTION: An image display module 100 comprises: a scanning type projector array 110 constituted of a plurality of scanning type projectors 112; a vertical direction diffuser panel 120 disposed on a front of the scanning type projector array 110 and for diffusing a light beam irradiated from the scanning type projector 112 in a vertical direction; a lenticular lens 130 disposed on a front of the vertical direction diffuser panel 120 and where a plurality of cylindrical lenses 130a and 130b extended in a vertical direction is disposed in a horizontal direction. The plurality of scanning type projectors 112 superimposes and irradiates the light beam toward the vertical direction diffuser panel 120 and the lenticular lens 130.

Description

  The present invention relates to an image display module and an image display device.

  Conventionally, as described in Non-Patent Document 1 below, a method of performing multi-view stereoscopic display using a flat panel display and a lenticular lens is known. Further, as described in Non-Patent Document 2 below, a technique is known in which each projector projects a different area on a screen using a projector array including a plurality of projectors.

Yasuhiro Takagi, “Multi-view / Super multi-view 3D technology”, Journal of the Institute of Image Information and Television Engineers, 2011, Vol. 65, no. 7, pp. 933-939 Wu-Li Chen et al., “A high-resolution autostereoscopic display system with a wide viewing angle using an LCOS projector array, Journal of the 10th year, 20th ID. 1-7

  However, the technique described in Non-Patent Document 1 requires a very high-definition flat panel display in order to increase the screen size from multiple viewpoints, which increases the manufacturing cost. Also, when it is assumed that a large screen is achieved by combining a plurality of displays, each display has a frame outside the screen, so it is difficult to configure a large screen by combining a plurality of displays. .

  In the technique described in Non-Patent Document 2, each projector displays an image in a different area on the screen. However, since the image projected by each projector causes image distortion, each projector is displayed in a different area on the screen. However, it is difficult to project images and connect images smoothly. For this reason, when a multi-view image such as a stereoscopic image is displayed, there is a problem that the image quality is greatly deteriorated. Furthermore, since it is necessary to attach a mask array to the lenticular lens, there is a problem that light utilization efficiency is low and energy efficiency is poor.

  Accordingly, the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a new and improved image display capable of displaying a high-resolution stereoscopic image with a simple configuration. A module and an image display device are provided.

  In order to solve the above-described problem, according to one aspect of the present invention, a projector array including a plurality of projectors and a vertical array that is provided on the front surface of the projector and diffuses light beams emitted from the projectors in a vertical direction. A directional diffuser and a lenticular lens in which a plurality of cylindrical lenses extending in the vertical direction are arranged in the horizontal direction, and the plurality of projectors superimpose the light toward the vertical diffusing plate and the lenticular lens. An image display module for illumination is provided.

  According to the above configuration, a plurality of projectors irradiate the light beam in a superimposed manner toward the vertical diffusion plate and the lenticular lens. For this reason, in the vertical direction, the light is diffused by the vertical diffusion plate to widen the vertical viewing area, and in the horizontal direction, the light is condensed at the number of condensing points of the projector by each cylindrical lens constituting the lenticular lens. The light is emitted in a plurality of directions from the condensing point. Therefore, a plurality of images can be displayed in different horizontal directions, and the resolution can be increased according to the number of projectors and the number of cylindrical lenses.

  Further, a three-dimensional pixel corresponding to the number of the projectors is formed for one cylindrical lens. According to this configuration, in the horizontal direction, the light beams are condensed at the number of condensing points of the projector by the cylindrical lens constituting the lenticular lens, and the light beams are emitted from the condensing points toward a plurality of horizontal directions. Therefore, each condensing point functions as a three-dimensional pixel that displays a three-dimensional image. Accordingly, since the three-dimensional pixel having a value obtained by multiplying the number of cylindrical lenses and the number of projectors is formed in the horizontal direction, the resolution of the stereoscopic image can be increased.

  The three-dimensional pixels are formed at different horizontal positions according to the horizontal position of each projector in the projector array. According to this configuration, since the three-dimensional pixels are formed at different horizontal positions according to the horizontal positions of the projectors in the projector array, the horizontal resolution of the stereoscopic video can be increased.

  The projector may be a scanning projector that blinks light while scanning light in a predetermined direction. According to this configuration, since dots corresponding to blinking of the scanning projector are formed on the lenticular lens, a three-dimensional pixel can be formed thereby.

  The scanning projector performs scanning along a plurality of horizontal scan lines that are separated by a vertical pitch of the three-dimensional pixel in the vertical direction. According to this configuration, a three-dimensional pixel can be formed along a plurality of scan lines separated by the vertical pitch of the three-dimensional pixel.

  Further, the scanning projector performs scanning along a plurality of horizontal scan lines that are separated by a distance smaller than the vertical pitch of the three-dimensional pixel in the vertical direction, and the horizontal light emission position in the adjacent scan line Are different from each other. According to this configuration, scanning is performed along a plurality of horizontal scan lines that are separated by a distance smaller than the vertical pitch of the three-dimensional pixel in the vertical direction, and the horizontal light emission positions of adjacent scan lines are mutually aligned. Therefore, the number of dots forming a three-dimensional pixel in the horizontal direction can be increased, and the number of light rays emitted from the three-dimensional pixel can be increased.

  The scanning projector scans along a plurality of scan lines in a direction that forms a predetermined angle with respect to the horizontal direction, and emits light a plurality of times within the vertical pitch of the three-dimensional pixel. According to this configuration, since scanning is performed along a plurality of scan lines in a direction that forms a predetermined angle with respect to the horizontal direction, a plurality of lines separated by a distance smaller than the vertical pitch of the three-dimensional pixel in the vertical direction. The number of scan lines can be reduced compared to the case where scanning is performed along the horizontal scan lines.

  In addition, a mask having an opening corresponding to a position of a dot formed by light emission of the scanning projector is provided in the vicinity of the vertical diffusion plate. According to this configuration, since the mask having the opening corresponding to the position of the dot formed by the light emission of the scanning projector is provided, the spread of the dots formed by the light emission of the scanning projector can be suppressed.

  Further, the projector is a projection type projector that magnifies and projects an image with a projection lens, and includes a mask having an opening corresponding to a position of a pixel projected by the projection type projector in the vicinity of the vertical diffusion plate. According to this configuration, since the mask having the opening corresponding to the position of each pixel projected by the projection projector is provided, dots can be formed corresponding to each pixel.

  The lenticular lens is a double lenticular lens in which cylindrical lenses are provided on both sides of the projector array side and the opposite image. According to this configuration, since the cylindrical lenses are provided on both sides of the lenticular lens on the projector array side and the opposite image, light can be condensed by the cylindrical lens on the projector array side to form a three-dimensional pixel. The light beam emitted from the three-dimensional pixel can be prevented from spreading to the surroundings by the cylindrical lens on the opposite side.

  In addition, a screen lens that refracts a light beam emitted from the lenticular lens is provided on the front surface of the lenticular lens. According to this configuration, since the screen lens that refracts the light beam emitted from the lenticular lens is provided on the front surface of the lenticular lens, the viewpoint can be formed at a finite distance.

  The lenticular lens is provided on the front or rear surface of the vertical diffusion plate. In the horizontal direction, the light beam is deflected by a lenticular lens, and in the vertical direction, the light beam is diffused by a vertical diffusion plate, and the control of the light beam in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction is performed independently. Accordingly, the lenticular lens can be provided on the front surface or the rear surface of the vertical diffusion plate.

  In order to solve the above problem, according to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided an image display device including a plurality of image display modules, a projector array including a plurality of projectors, A plurality of vertical diffusion plates provided on the front surface for diffusing light emitted from the projector in the vertical direction; and a plurality of cylindrical lenses extending in the vertical direction arranged in a horizontal direction. There is provided an image display device in which a projector irradiates light beams superimposed on the vertical diffusion plate and the lenticular lens.

  According to the above configuration, a plurality of projectors irradiate the light beam in a superimposed manner toward the vertical diffusion plate and the lenticular lens. In the vertical direction, the light beam is diffused by the vertical diffusion plate to widen the vertical viewing area, and in the horizontal direction, the light beam is condensed on the number of condensing points of the projector by the cylindrical lens constituting the lenticular lens. The light is emitted in a plurality of directions. Therefore, a plurality of images can be displayed in different horizontal directions, and the resolution can be increased according to the number of projectors and the number of cylindrical lenses. Since the image display device is composed of a plurality of image display modules, it is possible to achieve high resolution and a large screen.

  Each of the plurality of image display modules does not have a frame around the display surface. According to this configuration, since each of the plurality of image display modules does not have a frame around the display surface, it is possible to configure a display screen of a large screen that is continuously arranged in the vertical and horizontal directions.

  In addition, the image display module includes a screen lens that refracts light emitted from the lenticular lens on the front surface of the lenticular lens, and the screen lens varies depending on the position of the image display module in the image display device. Refracts light in the direction. According to this configuration, since the light emitted from each image display module can be directed to the front surface of the image display device, three-dimensional display can be performed on the front surface of the image display device.

  The lenticular lens is provided on the front or rear surface of the vertical diffusion plate. In the horizontal direction, the light beam is deflected by a lenticular lens, and in the vertical direction, the light beam is diffused by a vertical diffusion plate, and the control of the light beam in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction is performed independently. Accordingly, the lenticular lens can be provided on the front surface or the rear surface of the vertical diffusion plate.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to provide an image display module and an image display device capable of forming a high-resolution stereoscopic image with a simple configuration.

It is a schematic diagram which shows schematic structure of the image display module which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic diagram which shows the cross section of the horizontal direction of an image display module. It is a schematic diagram which shows the cross section of the horizontal direction of an image display module. It is a schematic diagram which shows the structure which provided the cylindrical lens on both surfaces of the lenticular lens. It is a schematic diagram which shows the structure which provided the cylindrical lens on both surfaces of the lenticular lens. It is a schematic diagram which shows the cross section of the vertical direction of an image display module. It is a schematic diagram which shows the three-dimensional pixel which generate | occur | produces in each cylindrical lens. It is a figure which shows the state which looked at the scanning projector array from the front of the image display module, Comprising: It is a schematic diagram which shows arrangement | positioning of six scanning projectors. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of light beam scanning by a scanning projector 112. FIG. It is a schematic diagram which shows the plane structure of a mask. It is a schematic diagram which shows the structure of the image display module at the time of using a mask. It is a schematic diagram which shows the structure of the image display module at the time of using a mask. It is a schematic diagram which shows the state which attached the screen lens 160 which has a lens effect in the horizontal direction on the front surface of a lenticular lens. It is a schematic diagram which shows the structure of an image display apparatus. It is a schematic diagram which shows the structure of a lenticular lens. It is a schematic diagram which shows the external appearance of one image display module. It is a schematic diagram which shows the state which looked at the image display apparatus from upper direction.

  Exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In addition, in this specification and drawing, about the component which has the substantially same function structure, duplication description is abbreviate | omitted by attaching | subjecting the same code | symbol.

  First, a schematic configuration of an image display module 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. The image display module 100 of the present embodiment realizes an autostereoscopic display by combining a vertical diffusing plate and a lenticular lens using a plurality of scanning projectors.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the image display module 100 includes a scanning projector array 110, a vertical diffusion plate 120, and a lenticular lens 130.

  The scanning projector array 110 is composed of a plurality of scanning projectors 112. In the example shown in FIG. 1, a scanning projector array 110 is composed of six scanning projectors 112. Although FIG. 1 shows a configuration in which projectors are arranged in two upper and lower stages, three or more stages may be used.

  As an example, each scanning projector 112 is configured by a MEMS (Micro Electro-Mechanical Systems) projector. The MEMS projector is composed of a two-dimensional optical scanning mechanism using a small mirror fabricated on a semiconductor chip by MEMS technology and an RGB semiconductor laser, and two-dimensionally by reflecting the laser beam on the mirror and changing the direction. A two-dimensional image is generated by blinking the semiconductor laser in accordance with the scanning. Since the MEMS projector does not require a projection lens, there is no complicated image distortion due to lens aberration, and only relatively simple image distortion due to scanning occurs. In addition, it is small and can operate in a power-saving manner.

  Images formed by all scanning projectors 112 are projected onto the vertical diffusion plate 120 in a superimposed manner. That is, the images formed by all the scanning projectors 112 are projected on the same position on the vertical diffusion plate 120. The lenticular lens 130 controls the formation of a three-dimensional pixel and the direction of light emitted from the three-dimensional pixel.

  2 and 3 are schematic views showing a cross section of the image display module 100 in the horizontal direction. 2 and 3 schematically show a cross section taken along the alternate long and short dash line II ′ of FIG. 1 as viewed from above (in the direction of arrow A1). Of the plurality of scanning projectors 112, FIG. One of them shows a state where the light beam is horizontally scanned. 2 and 3 show a case where the lenticular lens 130 is configured as a single lenticular lens in which a plurality of cylindrical lenses 130a are provided only on the scanning projector 112 side. As shown in FIG. 2, a plurality of light beams incident on the respective cylindrical lenses 130a constituting the lenticular lens 130 are condensed at one point by the incident side lens and emitted. This condensing point becomes a three-dimensional pixel P used for stereoscopic display.

  FIG. 3 shows a state in which the scanning projector 112 placed at a different horizontal position from the scanning projector 112 shown in FIG. 2 among the plurality of scanning projectors 112 shown in FIG. Yes. In this case, the position at which light is condensed in each cylindrical lens 130a is different from that in FIG. 2, and a condensing point (three-dimensional pixel) is formed in each cylindrical lens 130a at a horizontal position different from that in FIG.

  Similarly, when the scanning projector 112 placed in a horizontal position different from that in FIGS. 2 and 3 performs horizontal scanning of the light beam, a three-dimensional pixel is placed in a horizontal position different from that in FIGS. 2 and 3 in each cylindrical lens 130a. It is formed. From the above, it can be seen that the same number of three-dimensional pixels as the number of scanning projectors 112 is formed in each cylindrical lens 130a in the horizontal direction.

  In this way, by irradiating the lenticular lens 130 with light beams superimposed from a plurality of scanning projectors 112 having different horizontal positions, the same number of three-dimensional pixels as the scanning projector 112 is provided in each cylindrical lens 130a of the lenticular lens 130. Can be formed. Thereby, the horizontal resolution can be increased according to the number of scanning projectors 112. When six scanning projectors 112 are provided, the horizontal resolution can be increased six times compared to the case where one scanning projector 112 is provided.

  2 and 3, the number of light beams emitted from one three-dimensional pixel is equal to the number of times of light emission (the number of blinks) when the scanning projector 112 scans one cylindrical lens. As an example, in the three-dimensional pixel P1 shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, when the scanning projector 112 emits light 80 times while scanning the angle α1, light is emitted from the three-dimensional pixel P1 in 80 directions. That is, it is possible to display light rays from one three-dimensional pixel P1 in different 80 directions. Therefore, depending on the viewing position, a light beam emitted from the three-dimensional pixel and traveling in different directions can be seen, and different images are observed with the right eye and the left eye, thereby enabling stereoscopic viewing.

  When light is emitted from one three-dimensional pixel in 80 directions as in the above example, in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, since there are eight cylindrical lenses, one scanning projector 112 is entirely horizontal ( The number of times of light emission when scanning the angle αA) is 80 × 8 = 640. This value is the horizontal resolution of one scanning projector 112.

  2 and 3, the lenticular lens 130 having the cylindrical lens 130a on one side is used as the lenticular lens 130, but a lenticular lens (double lenticular lens) having cylindrical lenses on both sides may be used.

  4 and 5 show a case where the lenticular lens 130 is configured as a double lenticular lens in which a cylindrical lens 130a is provided on the scanning projector 112 side and a cylindrical lens 130b is provided on the opposite side.

  4 and 5 show a case where the two scanning projectors 112 having different horizontal positions respectively scan the light beam in the same manner as in FIGS. 2 and 3, and FIG. 4 corresponds to FIG. 5 corresponds to FIG. 4 and 5, the locus of the light beam until the light beam is incident on the exit side cylindrical lens 130 b is the same as that in FIGS. 2 and 3.

  4 and 5, the same number of three-dimensional pixels as the scanning projector 112 can be formed in each of the cylindrical lenses 130 a and 130 b of the lenticular lens 130. 4 and 5, the traveling direction of the light beam is deflected by the exit-side cylindrical lens 130b, and the traveling state (traveling direction) of the light beam after passing through the exit-side cylindrical lens 130b is the same for all the cylindrical lenses. It becomes equal at 130b. Further, in FIG. 5, the traveling state (traveling direction) of the light beam after passing through the exit side cylindrical lens 130b is the same as that in FIG. However, the pitch of the cylindrical lens 130b on the emission side is preferably larger than the pitch of the cylindrical lens 130a on the incident side.

  According to the configuration shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, compared with FIGS. 2 and 3, the light beam spreading from the display surface of the image display module 100 to the periphery can be directed toward the center of the display surface. Thereby, a multi-viewpoint image can be visually recognized on the front side of the image display module 100.

  2 to 5, a plurality of light beams traveling in different horizontal directions are emitted from each three-dimensional pixel, but only one of the light beams emitted from each three-dimensional pixel is incident on the observer's eyes. is there. For this reason, the number of three-dimensional pixels is the resolution of the stereoscopic video. In the horizontal direction, the number of three-dimensional pixels is (the number of cylindrical lenses 130a and 130b) × (the number of scanning projectors 112). Therefore, by superimposing the light from the plurality of scanning projectors 112 onto the cylindrical lenses 130a and 130b, the resolution of the stereoscopic image can be increased without increasing the resolution of the individual scanning projectors 112.

  Thereby, according to this embodiment, the resolution of a three-dimensional image can be raised significantly, without raising the resolution of each projector.

  FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing a cross section in the vertical direction of the image display module 100, and schematically shows a state in which the cross section along the one-dot chain line II-II ′ of FIG. 1 is viewed from the direction of the arrow A2. is there. Light rays emitted from the respective scanning projectors 112 are diffused in the vertical direction by the vertical diffusion plate 120 placed on the common image plane of all the scanning projectors 112. The vertical diffusing plate 120 has a function of spreading light incident from the scanning projector 112 only in the vertical direction. The overlap of the vertical diffusion ranges V of the light rays emitted from all the scanning projectors 112 becomes the vertical viewing area. As shown in FIG. 6, when the projectors are arranged in two upper and lower stages, the vertical diffusion range V of the scanning projector 112 arranged in the upper stage and the vertical diffusion range V of the scanning projector 112 arranged in the lower stage are obtained. In the overlapping range, the difference in vertical position of the scanning projector 112 (Δ shown in FIG. 6) does not exist effectively. Therefore, although three scanning projectors 112 are arranged at two different vertical positions in FIG. 1, this is substantially equivalent to a configuration in which six scanning projectors 112 are arranged at the same vertical position. . As described above, the present invention provides a horizontal parallax type stereoscopic display that has no parallax in the vertical direction and has parallax only in the horizontal direction because light rays are diffused in the vertical direction.

  7 and 8 are schematic diagrams for explaining the relationship between the three-dimensional pixels generated in the cylindrical lenses 130a and 130b and the arrangement of the scanning projector 112. FIG. FIG. 7 schematically shows a state in which a three-dimensional pixel is viewed from a direction perpendicular to the direction along the display surface of the image display module 100 (the surface direction of the lenticular lens 130). In each of the cylindrical lenses 130a and 130b, three-dimensional pixels as many as the scanning projectors 112 are arranged in the horizontal direction. All the scanning projectors 112 are superimposed on the vertical diffusion plate 120, and the vertical diffusion plate 120 effectively eliminates the difference in the vertical position of the scanning projector 112. Therefore, the number of three-dimensional pixels of the scanning projector 112 is arranged on the same horizontal line in each of the cylindrical lenses 130a and 130b. That is, the number of horizontal pixels (horizontal resolution) for stereoscopic display is the product of the number of cylindrical lenses 130 a and 130 b in the horizontal direction and the number of scanning projectors 112.

  FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a state in which the scanning projector array 110 is viewed from the front of the image display module 100, and shows the arrangement of the scanning projector 112. In FIG. 7, the numbers 1 to 6 assigned to the respective three-dimensional pixels correspond to the numbers 1 to 6 assigned to the scanning projector 112 shown in FIG. As described above, the first scanning projector 112 arranged on the leftmost side in FIG. 8 corresponds to the rightmost three-dimensional pixel in the cylindrical lenses 130a and 130b, and 6 arranged on the rightmost side in FIG. The numbered scanning projector 112 corresponds to the leftmost three-dimensional pixel in the cylindrical lenses 130a and 130b.

  As shown in FIG. 7, the three-dimensional pixels are arranged side by side also in the vertical direction. Each scanning projector 112 performs scanning in the horizontal direction shown in FIGS. 2 to 5 and also in the vertical direction. The vertical arrangement of the three-dimensional pixels shown in FIG. 7 is realized by the vertical scanning of the scanning projector 112. The vertical interval (vertical pitch d) of the three-dimensional pixels can be determined by the vertical scanning interval of the scanning projector 112.

  Hereinafter, a light beam scanning method by the scanning projector 112 will be described. The scanning projector 112 generates dots by blinking light while scanning light rays in the horizontal direction. Here, the line in which the dot groups are arranged is referred to as a scan line. By blinking while scanning the light beam with the “first” scanning projector 112 shown in FIG. 8 along the scan line indicated by the alternate long and short dash line III-III ′ in FIG. 7, on the alternate long and short dash line III-III ′. “No. 1” 3D pixel blinks. Similarly, the “n-th” three-dimensional pixel on the alternate long and short dash line III-III ′ blinks by causing the “n-th” scanning projector 112 shown in FIG. 7 and 8, n is an integer from 1 to 6. The blinking of the three-dimensional pixel is viewed from different horizontal directions.

  Then, the scanning projector 112 is scanned along the horizontal scanning line, and further scanned in the vertical direction, thereby generating a two-dimensional pattern of three-dimensional pixels as shown in FIG. Thereby, since different two-dimensional images are observed from different horizontal directions, stereoscopic display can be realized.

  The light beam emitted from the scanning projector 112 is deflected by the lenticular lens 130 in the horizontal direction and diffused by the vertical diffusion plate 120 in the vertical direction, and the control of the light beams in the horizontal and vertical directions is performed independently. The arrangement of the lenticular lens 130 and the vertical diffusion plate 120 shown in FIG. 1 can be reversed.

  FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of light beam scanning by the scanning projector 112. Here, FIG. 9A shows an example in which the vertical pitch d of the scan line and the three-dimensional pixel is equal. In this case, the number of dots on the scan line in one cylindrical lens 130a, 130b is equal to the number of rays emitted by each three-dimensional pixel.

  FIG. 9B shows an example in which a plurality of scan lines are generated within the vertical pitch d of the three-dimensional pixel, and the dot generation positions are shifted in the horizontal direction between adjacent scan lines. Thereby, overlapping of dots in the horizontal direction can be suppressed. In this case, the product of the number of scan lines in the vertical pitch d and the number of dots of three-dimensional pixels on the scan lines in one cylindrical lens 130a, 130b is equal to the number of light rays emitted by each three-dimensional pixel. In FIG. 9B, since a plurality of scan lines are generated within the vertical pitch d, the vertical position of the three-dimensional pixel moves within the vertical pitch d, but this vertical movement cannot be determined with the naked eye. It is about. In the case of FIG. 9B, since the dot interval on one scan line can be increased by reducing the scan line interval, the horizontal and vertical balance of the dot intervals can be improved.

  FIG. 9C shows an example in which the dot group in FIG. 9B is generated by tilting the scan line. According to the example of FIG. 9C, the number of scan lines can be reduced as compared with the case of FIG. 9B, and scanning can be performed more easily. In the case of FIG. 9B and FIG. 9C, the position of the three-dimensional pixel changes in the vertical direction according to the viewing direction as described above, but the amount of change is the vertical pitch d of the three-dimensional pixel. Is smaller than the viewer.

  As described above, in the image display module 100 of this embodiment, the number of light beams can be adjusted by adjusting the scan line of the scanning projector 112.

  In the scanning of light rays by the scanning projector 112 described above, the size of the three-dimensional pixel dot is determined by the light diffraction limit, and the number of light rays emitted by the three-dimensional pixel is limited by the size of the dot. This is because when the dot of a three-dimensional pixel increases, the number of effective dots decreases due to an increase in overlap with adjacent dots. Therefore, it is desirable to minimize the size of the 3D pixel dots.

  For this reason, by arranging the mask 140 in which openings smaller than the dot size of the three-dimensional pixel are arranged on the scan line, the mask 140 is arranged close to the vertical diffusion plate 120 which is a common image plane. The number of dots that can be used for display can be substantially increased.

  FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram showing a planar configuration of the mask 140. In the example of the mask 140 shown in FIG. 10A, an opening array made up of a plurality of rectangular openings 140a is provided corresponding to the dot generation position. FIG. 10A shows a case where four scan lines are formed within the vertical pitch d as in FIG. 9B, and corresponds to the dot positions of the three-dimensional pixels shown in FIG. 9B. A rectangular opening 140a is formed. Thereby, the light incident from the scanning projector 112 can be limited by the opening 140a, and the size of the dots can be minimized. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of overlap between adjacent dots, and to secure the number of light rays effective for display.

  FIG. 10B shows an example in which a slit array is formed from a plurality of slits 140b provided along the diagonal direction of the openings 140a, instead of the openings 140a shown in FIG. As described above, the aperture array shown in FIG. 10A can be replaced by the tilted slit array shown in FIG. Since the manufacturing process of the slit 140b is easier than that of the opening 140a, the manufacturing process of the mask 140 can be further simplified.

  In the horizontal direction, the light beam is deflected by the lenticular lens 130, and in the vertical direction, the light beam is diffused by the vertical diffusion plate 120. Since the control of the light beam in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction is performed independently, in FIGS. The combination of the vertical diffusing plate 120 and the mask 140 installed in the vicinity thereof and the lenticular lens 130 can be installed in reverse.

  FIGS. 11 and 12 are schematic views showing the configuration of the image display module 100 when the mask 140 is used. In the example illustrated in FIG. 11, a mask 140 is provided in the vicinity of the vertical diffusion plate 120 in the configuration illustrated in FIG. 1. In FIG. 11, the mask 140 is provided on the scanning projector 112 side with respect to the vertical direction diffusion plate 120, but it may be provided on the opposite side.

  FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram showing an example in which a projection projector array 150 is provided instead of the scanning projector array 110 in FIG. In FIG. 12, the configuration other than the projection type projector array 150 is the same as that in FIG. As shown in FIG. 12, the projection type projector array 150 includes a plurality of projection type projectors 152, and all the projection type projectors 152 superimpose and project toward the entire area of the vertical diffusion plate 120. . The projection projector 152 is a general projector that projects an enlarged display image of a spatial light modulator such as a liquid crystal display panel using a projection lens.

  The pixels of a general projection projector are arranged at equal intervals on orthogonal coordinates having a horizontal axis and a vertical axis. As shown in FIG. 12, the arrangement of the pixels of the projection projector 152 is illustrated by using a mask 140. The same dot arrangement as that in FIG. That is, even when the projection projector 152 is used, the size of the dots can be defined by the mask 140. As a result, even when the projection projector 152 is used, a three-dimensional display can be performed in the same manner as when the scanning projector 112 is used.

  In the above description, it is assumed that all three-dimensional pixels produce the same light traveling state. This state corresponds to the case where the viewpoint is formed at infinity. On the other hand, when the viewpoint is formed at a finite distance, a screen lens 160 having a lens effect in the horizontal direction is attached to the display surface (the front surface of the lenticular lens).

  FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram showing a state in which a screen lens 160 having a lens effect in the horizontal direction is attached to the front surface of the lenticular lens 130, and shows a cross section along the horizontal direction of the image display module 100. In FIG. 13, at the position of the alternate long and short dash line IV-IV ′ that is a distance D away from the front surface of the screen lens 160, the viewer visually recognizes all three-dimensional pixels by moving along the alternate long and short dash line IV-IV ′. Can do. Therefore, by providing the screen lens 160, the viewpoint can be formed at a finite distance D from the display surface of the image display module 100. When the traveling state of the light rays from all the three-dimensional pixels is the same, the focal length of the screen lens 160 is a distance D. A group of parallel rays emitted from all three-dimensional pixels is condensed at one point at the focal length of the screen lens 160, and this is the viewpoint. That is, the same number of viewpoints as the number of light rays emitted from the three-dimensional pixels and traveling in different horizontal directions are formed.

  According to the present embodiment, the horizontal position of the three-dimensional pixel in the cylindrical lenses 130 a and 130 b of the lenticular lens 130 is determined by the horizontal position of the scanning projector 112. Even if image distortion occurs in the scanning projector 112, the image distortion does not affect the formation position of the three-dimensional pixel, but only affects the traveling direction of the light emitted by the three-dimensional pixel. That is, the two-dimensional arrangement of the three-dimensional pixels is determined by the horizontal position of the scanning projector regardless of the image distortion of the scanning projector, so that the three-dimensional pixels can be accurately arranged. Therefore, even if image distortion occurs in the scanning projector 112, the image distortion of the scanning projector 112 is measured in advance, and the light intensity is determined according to the traveling direction of the light beam. It is possible to correct the error in the traveling direction of the. When a MEMS projector is used as the scanning projector 112, no projection lens is used, so that image distortion is determined by the inclination of the scanning mirror. Therefore, when the MEMS projector is used, it is easier to predict and correct the distortion than the image distortion due to the aberration of the projection lens of the projection type projector. Individual differences are also small. Therefore, it is possible to obtain a high-quality image as compared with a configuration method (Non-Patent Document 2) that tiles display images of a plurality of projection projectors.

  Further, the MEMS projector uses a semiconductor laser as a light source. In projectors using other liquid crystal panels or the like, a white lamp is used as the light source, but the semiconductor laser has higher luminous efficiency than these. Further, in a projector using a liquid crystal panel or the like, the light source always emits light, and the light transmittance is adjusted in the liquid crystal part. Therefore, light emission of the light source is wasted in a dark display part. On the other hand, in the scanning projector 112 such as a MEMS projector, the laser does not emit light in a portion where image information is not displayed. Therefore, according to the present embodiment, it is possible to display an image with much more energy saving than a projector using a liquid crystal panel or the like, and it is possible to reduce power consumption.

  Next, an image display apparatus in which the image display module 100 is modularized will be described. Since the image display module 100 is configured by irradiating light from the scanning projector 112 to the vertical diffusion plate 120 and the lenticular lens 130, the image display module 100 can be configured without providing a frame around the display surface. That is, it can be configured as an image display device having a frameless display surface. For this reason, it is possible to enlarge the screen by modularizing a plurality of image display modules 100 and tiling them in combination.

  FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram illustrating a configuration of the image display apparatus 200. The image display device 200 is configured by arranging a plurality of image display modules 100 vertically and horizontally. In the example shown in FIG. 14, eight image display modules 100 are arranged side by side in the vertical direction and eight in the horizontal direction, and the image display device 200 is configured by a total of 64 image display modules 100.

  Below, the specification of the image display apparatus 200 is demonstrated. One image display module 100 is configured using eight scanning projectors 112. The resolution (horizontal direction × vertical direction) of one scanning projector 112 is 600 × 650 pixels. Further, as shown in FIG. 15, the lenticular lens 130 is configured by arranging 30 cylindrical lenses 130a and 130b in the horizontal direction. Further, as shown in FIG. 15, it is assumed that five scan lines are generated within the vertical pitch of the three-dimensional pixel.

  In this case, when one scanning projector 112 irradiates each cylindrical lens 130a, 130b, the number of dots in the horizontal direction is 600 (horizontal resolution of the scanning projector 112) ÷ 30 (number of cylindrical lenses 130a, 130b). = 20. Each scanning projector 112 generates five scan lines within a vertical pitch of three-dimensional pixels. Therefore, the number of rays is 20 (the number of dots in the horizontal direction) × 5 (the number of scan lines in the vertical pitch) = 100. Therefore, since 100 two-dimensional images can be displayed in different horizontal directions, high stereoscopic display performance can be realized.

  The three-dimensional resolution (horizontal direction × vertical direction) of one image display module 100 is {30 (number of cylindrical lenses 130a, 130b) × 8 (number of scanning projectors)} × {650 (scanning projector 112). Vertical resolution) ÷ 5 (number of scan lines in the vertical pitch of the three-dimensional pixel)} = 240 × 130.

  FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram showing the appearance of one image display module 100. In FIG. 16, the front screen lens 160 is not shown. Assuming that the size of the display screen of one image display module 100 is 25 inches, the display screen of the image display device 200 composed of the eight vertical image display modules 100 is 200 inches. The stereoscopic resolution is 1920 × 1040 pixels since 8 × 8 (= 64) 240 × 130 pixel image display modules 100 are arranged. Therefore, it is possible to configure the image display apparatus 200 with a 200-inch large screen and 100 viewpoints (light ray direction 100) from the scanning projector 112 having a normal resolution (600 × 650 pixels).

  FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram illustrating a state in which the image display device 200 is viewed from above. FIG. 17 shows an image display device 200 in which three image display modules 100 are arranged in the horizontal direction. As shown in FIG. 17, the screen lens 160 of the central image display module 100 displays an image toward the front of the image display device 200. On the other hand, the image display modules 100 at both ends display images toward the center of the image display device 200. As described above, when the image display modules 100 are arranged vertically and horizontally to increase the screen size, the screen lens 160 is shifted according to the horizontal position of the image display module 100 to provide a common viewing zone for all the image display modules 100. Try to produce. Similarly, in the image display device 200 shown in FIG. 14, the image display module 100 located at the edge of the screen displays an image toward the center of the image display device 200. Thereby, the image of the image display module 100 located at the edge of the screen does not go outward, and a common viewing zone can be created in each image display module 100. Similarly, the screen lens 160 is shifted also in the vertical direction.

  The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to such examples. It is obvious that a person having ordinary knowledge in the technical field to which the present invention pertains can come up with various changes or modifications within the scope of the technical idea described in the claims. Of course, it is understood that these also belong to the technical scope of the present invention.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 100 Image display module 112 Scanning projector 120 Vertical direction diffuser 130 Lenticular lens 130a, 130b Cylindrical lens 140 Mask 152 Projection type projector 160 Screen lens 200 Image display apparatus

Claims (16)

A projector array composed of a plurality of projectors;
A vertical diffusion plate that is provided on the front surface of the projector and diffuses light emitted from the projector in the vertical direction;
A lenticular lens in which a plurality of cylindrical lenses extending in the vertical direction are arranged in the horizontal direction,
The image display module, wherein the plurality of projectors irradiate light beams superimposed on the vertical diffusion plate and the lenticular lens.   The image display module according to claim 1, wherein a three-dimensional pixel corresponding to the number of the projectors is formed on one cylindrical lens.   The image display module according to claim 1, wherein the three-dimensional pixel is formed at a different horizontal position according to a horizontal position of each projector in the projector array.   The image display module according to claim 1, wherein the projector is a scanning projector that blinks light while scanning light in a predetermined direction.   5. The image display module according to claim 4, wherein the scanning projector performs scanning along a plurality of horizontal scan lines separated by a vertical pitch of the three-dimensional pixel in the vertical direction. 6.   The scanning projector performs scanning along a plurality of horizontal scan lines that are separated by a distance smaller than the vertical pitch of the three-dimensional pixel in the vertical direction, and the horizontal light emission positions in adjacent scan lines are mutually different. The image display module according to claim 4, wherein the image display module is different from each other.   The scanning projector performs scanning along a plurality of scan lines in a direction that forms a predetermined angle with respect to a horizontal direction, and performs light emission a plurality of times within the vertical pitch of the three-dimensional pixel. The image display module according to claim 4.   The image display module according to claim 4, further comprising a mask having an opening corresponding to a position of a dot formed by light emission of the scanning projector in the vicinity of the vertical diffusion plate. The projector is a projection type projector that magnifies and projects an image with a projection lens;
2. The image display module according to claim 1, further comprising a mask having an opening corresponding to a position of a pixel projected by the projection projector in the vicinity of the vertical diffusion plate.   The image display module according to claim 1, wherein the lenticular lens is a double lenticular lens in which cylindrical lenses are provided on both sides of the projector array side and the opposite image.   The image display module according to claim 1, wherein the lenticular lens is provided on a front surface or a rear surface of the vertical diffusion plate.   The image display module according to claim 1, further comprising a screen lens that refracts a light beam emitted from the lenticular lens on a front surface of the lenticular lens. An image display device composed of a plurality of image display modules,
A projector array composed of a plurality of projectors;
A vertical diffusion plate that is provided on the front surface of the projector and diffuses light emitted from the projector in the vertical direction;
A lenticular lens in which a plurality of cylindrical lenses extending in the vertical direction are arranged in the horizontal direction,
The image display device, wherein the plurality of projectors irradiate light beams in a superimposed manner toward the vertical diffusion plate and the lenticular lens.   The image display device according to claim 13, wherein each of the plurality of image display modules does not have a frame around a display surface. The image display module includes a screen lens that refracts light emitted from the lenticular lens on the front surface of the lenticular lens,
The image display device according to claim 13, wherein the screen lens refracts light rays in different directions depending on a position of the image display module. The image display device according to claim 13, wherein the lenticular lens is provided on a front surface or a rear surface of the vertical diffusion plate.

Images