JP2013234696A - Brake device of elevator - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a brake device of an elevator, which does not cause malfunction even if a stroke of a shoe gap is small.SOLUTION: A brake device of an elevator is provided with: a braking body 11 for generating braking force upon contact with a braked body 3 rotating integrally with a hoisting machine rotating body; an elastic member 10 for urging so that the braking body 11 comes into contact with the braked body 3; a coil case 5 provided with an elastic member 10, having at least one coil 4, and generating magnetic force upon distributing electric current to the coil 4; a shaft 7 coupling the braking body 11 with the coil case 5; and a load detection device 12 attached on the elastic member 10 or the coil case 5.

Description

  Embodiments described herein relate generally to a brake device that improves the sensing accuracy of an elevator brake operation.

  As a conventional drum brake structure, a brake shoe is pressed against a brake drum to brake the brake. Further, the operation of the brake is detected by the relationship between a pin attached to an armature to which a brake shoe is attached and a brake switch attached to a coil case fixed to a base for installing the motor body.

  That is, the pressing of the brake shoe against the brake drum is controlled by energizing the coil in the coil case, and accordingly, the pin attached to the armature to which the shoe is attached operates.

  When the brake shoe is pressed against the brake drum, the pin does not press the brake switch, and the brake switch is turned off. On the other hand, when the shoe is separated from the brake drum, the pin pushes the brake switch, and the brake switch is turned on.

  In this way, the brake switch ON / OFF signal and the energization control signal to the coil are monitored to determine whether or not they are matched. If the alignment is not achieved, it is determined that there is an abnormality in the brake control, and the operation of the elevator is stopped.

JP-A-6-72672

  The conventional elevator braking device as described above has a structure in which the shoe gap, that is, the distance between the brake drum and the brake shoe is reduced. The smaller this interval, the smaller the impact sound when the brake is released.

  However, if the shoe gap is small, the stroke between the pin and the brake switch is naturally reduced, and the brake switch may malfunction.

  Accordingly, an object of the present embodiment is to provide an elevator brake device that does not malfunction even when the shoe gap stroke is small.

  In order to achieve the above object, an elevator brake device according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a braking body that generates a braking force by contacting a braked body that rotates integrally with a hoisting machine rotating body, An elastic member that urges the braking body to come into contact with the braked body; a coil case that includes the elastic member, has at least one coil, and generates a magnetic force when a current is passed through the coil; A shaft that connects the braking body and the coil case, and a load detection device that is mounted on the elastic member or the coil case, and compares an output signal from the load detection device with a brake operation command signal. Thus, the presence or absence of abnormality in the brake operation is determined.

It is a lineblock diagram showing the brake equipment of the elevator concerning a 1st embodiment of the present invention. It is a flowchart which shows the judgment method of the presence or absence of operation abnormality of the brake device of the elevator which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a block diagram of the brake device which shows attachment to the spring of the strain gauge which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a block diagram of the brake device which shows the other attachment position of the strain gauge which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a lineblock diagram of a brake equipment showing attachment of a load cell to a brake attachment bolt concerning a 1st embodiment of the present invention. It is a lineblock diagram of a brake equipment showing attachment of a load cell to a nut concerning a 1st embodiment of the present invention. It is a flowchart which shows the determination method of the presence or absence of operation abnormality of the brake device of the elevator which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a flowchart which shows the determination method of the presence or absence of operation abnormality of the brake device of the elevator which concerns on the 3rd Embodiment of this invention.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

(First embodiment)
FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram illustrating an elevator brake device according to a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing a method for determining whether or not there is an operation abnormality in the elevator brake device according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram of the brake device showing attachment of the strain gauge to the spring according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram of the brake device showing other mounting positions of the strain gauge according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a configuration diagram of the brake device showing attachment of the load cell to the brake mounting bolt according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6 is a configuration diagram of the brake device showing attachment of the load cell to the nut according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

  First, the configuration of an elevator brake device according to the present embodiment will be described.

  A hoisting machine (not shown) is installed in a base 1 installed in a machine room (not shown) (the top of a hoistway when there is no machine room), and a brake drum 3 is connected to a rotary shaft 2 that transmits the driving force of the hoisting machine. Is attached.

  Between the hoisting machine of the rotary shaft 2 and the brake drum 3, a sheave for winding a main rope and driving the friction is connected. The sheave rotates as the rotating shaft 2 rotates. That is, the driving force of the hoisting machine is transmitted to the sheave and the brake drum 3 via the shaft, and rotates together with the rotation of the hoisting machine.

  A coil case 5 having a coil 4 therein is fixed to the base 1 by mounting bolts 6. A shaft 7 passes through the center of the coil case 5, and an armature 8 is provided at the drum brake side end of the shaft 7. A nut 9 is attached to the end of the shaft 7 opposite to the side on which the armature 8 is provided, and the shaft 7 is fixed to the coil case 5 by the nut 9.

  A spring 10 is provided between the coil case 5 and the armature 8. The spring 10 is preferably attached near the center of the coil case 5, that is, around the shaft 7.

  A brake shoe 11 having a surface on an arc so as to have a frictional force against the outer peripheral surface of the brake drum 3 is attached to the armature 8 at a position facing the coil case 5 with the armature 8 interposed therebetween.

  The spring 10 is normally urged so that the brake shoe 11 is pressed against the brake drum 3, thereby generating a braking force in the brake device. Here, the normal time refers to a state in which the coil 4 provided in the coil case 5 is not energized, and the brake shoe 11 is pressed against the brake drum 3 by the urging force of the spring 10, so-called brake. Is in a closed state.

  On the other hand, when energized, the spring 10 is maintained such that the brake shoe 11 and the brake drum 3 are separated from each other by a predetermined distance, thereby preventing a driving force from being generated in the brake device. Here, the time of energization refers to a state in which the coil 4 provided in the coil case 5 is energized. When energized, the coil case 5 becomes an electromagnet, and the armature 8 is made of metal. Will be drawn toward the coil case 5 side. At this time, the winding direction of the coil 4 is determined so that the brake shoe 11 is attracted to the brake drum 3 by energizing the coil 4.

  Further, a strain gauge 12 is attached to an arbitrary position on the surface opposite to the surface on which the armature 8 of the coil case 5 is close. The strain gauge 12 detects the strain on the surface of the coil case 5 that occurs when the brake device brakes. In the present embodiment, it is desirable to attach the coil case 5 near the center near the rotating shaft 2 so that the detected strain becomes large.

  Furthermore, in this embodiment, the amount of strain when the brake device is released is used as a reference value, and it is possible to determine whether there is an abnormality in the operation of the brake device based on the amount of strain when the brake device is braked. A configuration that can be used.

  When braking the brake device, the control unit outputs a brake operation command to the brake device, cuts off energization to the coil 4 in the coil case 5, and demagnetizes the electromagnetic force generated in the coil case 5.

  When the coil case 5 is demagnetized, the armature 8 is pushed out from the coil case 5 side to the brake drum 3 side by the restoring force of the spring 10. Furthermore, the strain gauge 12 detects the amount of strain on the coil case 5 generated by the restoring force of the spring 10 at this time. The details of brake release and braking by the brake device will be described later.

  And in the brake device of the elevator which concerns on this embodiment, a control part is both data of the brake operation instruction | command at the time of braking a brake device, and the distortion amount on the coil case 5 detected by the strain gauge 12 in that case Based on this, it is configured to determine whether or not there is an abnormality in the brake operation.

  Next, the braking operation of the elevator brake device according to this embodiment will be described. First, an operation for starting the raising / lowering of the car when the elevator car is stopped on the stop floor will be described.

  When the coil 4 is energized and the coil case 5 is energized, an electromagnetic force exceeding the urging force of the spring 10 that presses the brake shoe 11 against the brake drum 3 is generated in the coil case 5, and the armature 8 that is a metallic material. Is drawn to the coil case 5 side. Thereafter, when the armature 8 is further drawn toward the coil case 5 due to the electromagnetic force, a predetermined interval is formed between the brake drum 3 and the brake shoe 11.

  That is, by this, the pressing of the brake shoe 11 to the brake drum 3 is released, and the brake device is in a so-called open state. When the brake device is opened, the braking force applied to the brake drum 3 is released, and the hoisting machine connected to the brake drum 3 by the rotary shaft 2 can be rotated. The elevator car is moved up and down by the rotational drive of the hoisting machine.

  Next, an operation in which the elevator car that is moving up and down arrives at the destination floor and the car stops will be described.

  When arriving at the destination floor, the control device releases the energization of the coil 4 to demagnetize the coil case 5 that has been excited, and eliminate the electromagnetic force generated in the coil case 5. The attraction of the armature 8 to the coil case 5 is canceled by eliminating the electromagnetic force generated in the coil case 5. When the electromagnetic force of the coil case 5 is demagnetized, the armature 8 is pushed out from the coil case 5 side to the brake drum 3 side by the restoring force (biasing force) of the spring 10.

  The armature 8 is pushed toward the brake drum 3 by the restoring force of the spring 10, so that the brake shoe 11 attached to the armature 8 is pressed against the brake drum 3. When the brake shoe 11 is pressed against the brake drum 3, the brake device generates a braking force.

  The strain gauge 12 attached to the coil case 5 detects the strain of the coil case 5 caused by the restoring force of the spring 10 when the brake is braked. And a control part judges the presence or absence of operation abnormality of a brake device from the matching with the signal of a brake operation command, and the signal from the strain gauge 12. FIG.

  Hereinafter, a method for determining whether or not there is an abnormality in the operation of the brake device according to the present embodiment will be specifically described with reference to the flowchart shown in FIG.

  When the elevator car that is moving up and down arrives at the destination floor and the car stops, the control unit outputs a brake release command to the brake device (S1). By outputting the brake release command, the energization of the coil 4 is released, and the electromagnetic force generated in the coil case 5 disappears. As described above, when the electromagnetic force disappears, the armature 8 is pushed out to the brake drum 3 side by the restoring force of the spring 10, and the coil case 5 is distorted by the spring force at that time (S2).

  When distortion occurs in the coil case 5, the control unit determines whether or not the strain amount of the coil case 5 detected by the strain gauge 12 is 500 μm or more (S3). When it is determined that the strain amount detected by the strain gauge 12 is 500 μm or less (NO in S3), it is determined that an operation abnormality has occurred in the brake device, and the operation of the elevator is stopped (S4).

  On the other hand, when it is determined that the strain amount detected by the strain gauge 12 is 500 μm or more (YES in S3), it is determined that the brake device is operating normally, and the operation of the elevator is continued (S5). Thereafter, when the car starts to travel to the destination floor, the control unit outputs a brake braking command to the brake device (S6). When the brake braking command is output, the coil 4 is energized, and when the electromagnetic force is excited in the coil case 5, the armature 8 is drawn toward the coil case 5 as described above.

  At this time, the control unit determines whether or not the strain amount of the coil case 5 detected by the strain gauge 12 is 500 μm or less (S7). If it is determined that the amount of strain detected by the strain gauge 12 is 500 μm or less (YES in S7), it is determined that the brake device is operating normally, and the operation of the elevator is continued (S8).

  On the other hand, when it is determined that the strain amount detected by the strain gauge 12 is 500 μm or more (NO in S7), it is determined that an operation abnormality has occurred in the brake device, and the operation of the elevator is stopped (S4). .

  As described above, when the brake operation command signal and the signal from the strain gauge 12 match, the control unit assumes that the brake device is operating normally, and continues the operation of the elevator, When it is inconsistent, a control part judges that it is abnormal operation of a brake device, and stops operation control of an elevator.

  Therefore, the elevator brake device according to the present embodiment can monitor the operation of the brake device with high accuracy by using the strain gauge 12. In addition, since the strain amount detected by the strain gauge 12 changes according to the spring force, the brake torque can be calculated based on the detected strain amount.

  In the present embodiment, when the strain gauge 12 is attached, the strain amount when the brake device is released is used as a reference value, and the brake device operates abnormally based on the strain amount when the brake device brakes. Although it is configured so that the presence or absence can be determined, the present invention is not limited to this, and the amount of strain when the brake device is braked is used as a reference value, and the brake device operates abnormally based on the amount of strain when the brake device is released. It is good also as a structure which can judge the presence or absence of.

  Moreover, in this embodiment, although the attachment position of the strain gauge 12 was set to the vicinity of the center of the surface of the coil case 5, it may be attached to the following locations.

  That is, the attachment position of the strain gauge 12 may be a spring 10 as shown in FIG. Since the spring 10 expands and contracts with the operation of the brake device, the strain generated at that time may be detected.

  Moreover, as shown in FIG. 4, it is good also as what detects the distortion according to the movement of the pin 14 which attaches to the armature 8 which penetrates the hole provided in the coil case 5, and passes the hole. Specifically, it is assumed that a lever 15 is provided on the coil case 5 and the projection surface thereof is on the hole, and the strain gauge 12 is attached to the lever 15. At this time, a part of the lever 15 is fixed to the coil case 5 so that the pin 14 opens and closes. Thereby, it is good also as what detects the distortion which the pin 14 pushes out the lever 15 with the operation | movement of a brake device, and the lever 15 produces in that case.

  Further, in the present embodiment, the presence or absence of abnormal operation of the brake device is determined based on the amount of strain obtained by the strain gauge 12 as to the operation state of the brake device, but not limited thereto, the load cell 16 may be used.

  Specifically, as shown in FIG. 5, a load cell 16 is disposed between the coil case 5 and the brake mounting bolt 6. In this case, when the brake device brakes, the load detection value by the load cell 16 decreases, and when the brake device is released, the load detection value by the load cell 16 increases.

  That is, by comparing the load detection value detected by the load cell 16 with the brake operation command at that time, it is possible to determine whether or not there is an abnormality in the operation of the brake device.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 6, the load cell 16 may be attached to the surface of the nut 9 on the coil case 5 side in addition to the above attachment position. According to this, when the brake device brakes, the load value corresponding to the braking force is detected by the load cell 16 attached to the nut 9.

  As described above, in the brake device according to the present embodiment, the strain gauge 12 and the load cell 16 can be attached to various places.

  In the present embodiment, the case of a drum brake system has been described as the brake device, but it is naturally applicable to a disc brake system.

(Second Embodiment)
Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing a method for determining whether or not there is an abnormality in the operation of the brake device for an elevator according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

  In the present embodiment, the first strain amount and the second strain amount are set in advance as predetermined detection values for the strain amount detected by the strain gauge 12, and those values are detected by the strain gauge 12. In addition, control is performed to issue an abnormal report to a remote monitoring center (not shown) or to stop the operation of the elevator. This will be specifically described below with reference to the flowchart of FIG.

  First, 600 μ as the first strain amount and 550 μ as the second strain amount are set in advance.

  When the elevator car that is moving up and down arrives at the destination floor and the car stops, the control unit outputs a brake release command to the brake device (S21). By outputting the brake release command, the energization of the coil 4 is released, and the electromagnetic force generated in the coil case 5 disappears. When the electromagnetic force disappears, the armature 8 is pushed out to the brake drum 3 side by the restoring force of the spring 10, and the coil case 5 is distorted by the spring force at that time (S22).

  When strain occurs in the coil case 5, the control unit determines whether or not the strain amount of the coil case 5 detected by the strain gauge 12 is 600 μm or more (S23). When it is determined that the amount of strain detected by the strain gauge 12 is 600 μm or more (YES in S23), it is determined that the brake device is operating normally, and the operation of the elevator is continued (S24).

  On the other hand, when it is determined that the strain amount detected by the strain gauge 12 is 600 μm or less (NO in S23), as the next step, it is determined whether or not the strain amount is 550 μm or more (S25). If it is determined that the amount of strain detected by the strain gauge 12 is 550 μm or more (YES in S25), it is determined that an operation abnormality has occurred in the brake device. Only anomaly is reported to the monitoring center (S26). This is the case, for example, when the brake torque is slightly insufficient.

  If it is determined in step 25 that the amount of strain detected by the strain gauge 12 is 550 or less (NO in S25), it is determined that an abnormal operation of the brake device having a high degree of abnormality has occurred. The elevator operation is stopped (S27).

  As described above, according to the present embodiment, two threshold values (first strain amount and second strain amount) are set for the strain amount detected by the strain gauge 12, and when the respective threshold values are reached, Appropriate operation control can be performed according to the degree of abnormality.

(Third embodiment)
Next, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing a method for determining whether or not there is an abnormality in the operation of the brake device for an elevator according to the third embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, it is the structure which judges the presence or absence of abnormal operation | movement of a brake device when multiple brake devices are provided with respect to one hoisting machine. This will be specifically described below with reference to the flowchart of FIG. In the present embodiment, two brake devices are provided. Moreover, although description is abbreviate | omitted, these two brake devices are each provided with the strain gauge 12 or the load cell 16 etc. which were demonstrated by 1st Embodiment etc.

  When the elevator car that is moving up and down arrives at the destination floor and the car stops, the control unit outputs a brake release command to the two brake devices (S31). By outputting the brake release command, the energization of the coil 4 is released, and the electromagnetic force generated in the coil case 5 disappears. When the electromagnetic force disappears, the armature 8 is pushed out to the brake drum 3 side by the restoring force of the spring 10, and the coil case 5 is distorted by the spring force at that time (S32).

  At this time, the control unit compares the braking force generated by each brake device based on a signal from the strain gauge 12 or the load cell 16 provided in each of the two brake devices, thereby causing abnormal operation of the two brake devices. Determine the presence or absence. For example, in the present embodiment, it is determined whether or not a difference in strain amount detected by each strain gauge 12 is greater than or equal to a predetermined value (S33). Here, the predetermined value is 100 micron.

  Then, if it is determined as a result of the comparison that a difference of a predetermined value or more has occurred (YES in S33), it is determined that an operation abnormality of the brake device has occurred, and the operation of the elevator is stopped (S34).

  On the other hand, as a result of the comparison, if it is determined that a difference equal to or greater than the predetermined value has not occurred (NO in S33), it is determined that no abnormal operation of the brake device has occurred, and the operation of the elevator is continued (S35).

  As described above, in the present embodiment, when a plurality of brake devices are provided for the hoisting machine, each brake operation can be monitored to determine whether or not an abnormality has occurred.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Base 2 ... Rotating shaft 3 ... Brake drum 4 ... Coil 5 ... Coil case 6 ... Brake mounting bolt 7 ... Shaft 8 ... Armature 9 ... Nut 10 ... Spring 11 ... Brake shoe 12 ... Strain gauge 14 ... Pin 15 ... Lever 16 ... Load cell

Claims (5)

A braking body that generates a braking force by contacting a braked body that rotates integrally with the hoisting machine rotating body;
An elastic member that urges the braking body to contact the braked body;
A coil case provided with the elastic member, having at least one coil, and generating a magnetic force when a current is passed through the coil;
A shaft connecting the braking body and the coil case;
A load detection device mounted on the elastic member or the coil case;
With
An elevator brake device characterized in that the presence or absence of an abnormality in brake operation is determined by comparing an output signal from the load detection device with a brake operation command signal.   In a state where no current is supplied to the coil, a braking force is generated by pressing the braking body against the braked body by an urging force of the elastic member, and in a state where current is supplied to the coil, 2. The elevator brake device according to claim 1, wherein an electromagnetic force is generated in the coil and the braking body is attracted toward the coil case.   A strain gauge is used as the load detection device, and a brake operation amplification mechanism is provided on the coil case to amplify a motion of a brake operation and detect the strain operation by the strain gauge, and the strain gauge passes through the brake operation amplification mechanism. The elevator brake device according to claim 1, wherein the elevator brake device is provided in a coil case. A braking body that generates a braking force by contacting a braked body that rotates integrally with the hoisting machine rotating body;
An elastic member that urges the braking body to contact the braked body;
A coil case provided with the elastic member, having at least one coil, and generating a magnetic force when a current is passed through the coil;
A shaft connecting the braking body and the coil case;
A nut attached to the shaft;
A load detection device attached to the nut;
With
An elevator brake device characterized in that the presence or absence of an abnormality in brake operation is determined by comparing an output signal from the load detection device with a brake operation command signal.   The elevator brake device according to claim 4, wherein a load cell is used as the load detection device.

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