JP2013233046A - Stator, rotary electric machine, and electric vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a stator that is provided in a rotary electric machine and that is less likely to undergo magnetic saturation.SOLUTION: A stator core 22 is made of a magnetic material, and includes: an annular core 26 that surrounds a side surface of a radial rotor 16 annularly; radial teeth 28 that extend in a direction of the radial rotor 16 from the annular core 26 and protrude from toroidal coils 24; rectangular additional teeth 30U that protrude upward from a border between the radial teeth 28 and the annular core 26; and rectangular additional teeth 30L that protrude downward from the border between the radial teeth 28 and the annular core 26. The toroidal coils 24 have respective conducting wires that annularly circle around the annular core 26. The annular core 26 passes through rings formed by the respective conducting wires.

Description

  The present invention relates to a stator of a rotating electrical machine, a rotating electrical machine, and an electric vehicle including the rotating electrical machine, and more particularly to improvement of magnetic characteristics of the stator.

  Rotating electric machines that operate as electric motors or generators are used in electric vehicles such as hybrid vehicles, electric vehicles, and electric locomotives, and power machines such as industrial machine tools, industrial robots, and elevators. The rotating electrical machine includes a rotor that rotates together with a shaft, and a stator that applies electromagnetic force to and from the rotor. Some rotors are formed in a cylindrical shape and have magnetic poles arranged on the side surfaces. The corresponding stator surrounds the side surface of the rotor, and exerts an electromagnetic action with the magnetic poles of the rotor.

  When the rotating electrical machine is used as an electric motor, the stator generates a rotating magnetic field around the side surface of the rotor, and the rotor rotates by generating torque according to the rotating magnetic field. When the rotating electrical machine is used as a generator, the rotor rotates by torque applied from the shaft, and the stator generates an induced electromotive force by a rotating magnetic field based on the magnetic poles of the rotor.

  Patent Documents 1 and 2 below describe rotating electrical machines. The stator of the rotating electrical machine described in these patent documents includes an annular core formed of a magnetic material and a plurality of toroidal coils penetrated by the core. The plurality of toroidal coils are arranged in an annular shape along the shape of the core. Each toroidal coil has a conducting wire that circulates around the core, and a ring formed by the conducting wire is penetrated by the core.

JP 2009-136046 A JP 2010-226808 A

  In the rotating electrical machines shown in Patent Documents 1 and 2, a magnetic material is used for members such as a core constituting the stator. Depending on the shape of such a magnetic member, even if the magnetic field applied from the outside is increased, magnetic saturation that the magnetic flux density in the magnetic member does not increase easily occurs. When magnetic saturation occurs in the stator, the torque decreases in the case of an electric motor, and the generated power decreases in the case of a generator.

  An object of this invention is to make it hard to produce the magnetic saturation of the stator provided in a rotary electric machine.

  The present invention includes an annular core, a coil that is toroidally wound on the annular core, and a tooth that extends from the annular core, and the tooth includes a first tooth portion that extends in a first direction from the annular core. The teeth have a second tooth portion extending in the second direction from the annular core, and the length of the second tooth portion from the annular core is greater than the length of the first tooth portion from the annular core. The contact area between the annular core and the tooth is larger than a cross-sectional area of the first tooth portion perpendicular to the first direction, and the first direction is different from the second direction. The second tooth portion is adjacent to the first tooth portion and is used for a rotating electrical machine.

  In the stator according to the present invention, preferably, the teeth have a third tooth portion extending from the annular core in a third direction, and the length of the second tooth portion from the annular core is the first tooth. The third tooth portion is shorter than the length from the annular core, the second tooth portion is provided between the first tooth portion and the third tooth portion, and the second tooth portion is the third tooth portion. And is adjacent.

  In the stator according to the present invention, preferably, the position of the first tooth portion in the toroidal direction of the annular core is equal to the position of the third tooth portion in the toroidal direction, and the position in the poloidal direction of the annular core. The position of the first tooth is different from the position of the third tooth portion in the poloidal direction, the first direction is a direction orthogonal to the surface of the annular core, and the third direction is the surface of the annular core. It is a direction orthogonal to.

  In the stator according to the present invention, preferably, the first direction is a direction orthogonal to the third direction.

  In the stator according to the present invention, preferably, the tip of the second tooth portion is recessed toward the annular core portion.

  In the stator according to the present invention, a plurality of the teeth are provided in the toroidal direction of the annular core, and the teeth are provided between the toroidally wound coils.

  The rotating electrical machine according to the present invention includes a rotor and the stator, and the first direction is a direction from the annular core toward the rotor.

  A vehicle according to the present invention includes the rotating electrical machine.

  According to the present invention, magnetic saturation of a stator provided in a rotating electrical machine can be made difficult to occur.

It is sectional drawing of the rotary electric machine which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a perspective view which shows a part of radial rotor and a part of stator. It is a figure which shows the cross section of a stator. It is a figure which shows the cross section of a stator. It is sectional drawing of the rotary electric machine which concerns on 2nd Embodiment. It is a perspective view which shows a part of each of a radial rotor, a stator, and a magnet holder, and a permanent magnet. It is the figure which decomposed | disassembled and showed each part of a radial rotor, a stator, and a magnet holder, and a permanent magnet. It is a figure which shows the cross section of a stator. It is a figure which shows the cross section of a stator. It is a figure which shows the cross section of a stator. It is a figure which shows the cross section of a stator. It is a figure which shows the simulation result of a torque improvement rate. It is a figure which shows the simulation result of a torque improvement rate. It is sectional drawing of the rotary electric machine which concerns on 3rd Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the cross section of a stator. It is a figure which shows the cross section of a stator.

  FIG. 1 schematically shows a cross-sectional view of the rotating electrical machine according to the first embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 1, the left direction is defined as the positive direction of the x axis, and the upward direction is defined as the positive direction of the y axis. The rotating electric machine operates as an electric motor or a generator by an electromagnetic action between the stator 12 fixed to the housing 10 and the radial rotor 16 that rotates together with the shaft 14.

  The radial rotor 16 includes a rotor core 18 formed in a cylindrical shape, and a permanent magnet 20 extending in the x-axis direction inside the rotor core 18. A shaft 14 penetrating the rotor core 18 is fixed at the position of the central axis of the rotor core 18. Although two permanent magnets 20 are depicted in FIG. 1, a plurality of permanent magnets 20 are arranged along the side surface shape of the rotor core 18 inside the radial rotor 16. The housing 10 includes a cylindrical body portion 10A and a shaft receiving portion 10B that closes the body portion 10A from both sides. The housing 10 houses the radial rotor 16 and the stator 12. The shaft 14 passes through shaft holes formed in the shaft receiving portions 10B on both sides, and is rotatably supported by the shaft receiving portions 10B.

  FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a part of the radial rotor 16 and a part of the stator 12. In FIG. 2, the upward direction is defined as the positive direction of the x axis, and the right direction is defined as the positive direction of the y axis. The radial rotor 16 includes, for example, a belt-like permanent magnet 20 arranged so as to draw a V-shape (C-shape) opened on the outer peripheral side. In the radial rotor 16, two permanent magnets 20 arranged in a V-shape are used as one permanent magnet pair 20P, and a plurality of permanent magnet pairs 20P are arranged along the side surface shape of the rotor. The directions of the magnetic lines of force of the two permanent magnets 20 constituting the permanent magnet pair 20P are aligned in the inner or outer direction of the V shape, and the adjacent permanent magnet pairs 20P are arranged so that the magnetic lines of force Hr are opposite to each other. ing. With such a configuration, the magnetic poles of the N pole and the S pole appear alternately on the side surface of the radial rotor 16 along the outer circumferential direction, such as S pole, N pole, S pole,. The side faces form a cylindrical magnetic pole arrangement surface. Here, an example using the permanent magnet pair 20P in which two permanent magnets are arranged in a V shape has been described. The arrangement of the permanent magnets is not limited to this, and any arrangement may be used as long as an appropriate magnetic pole appears on the side surface of the radial rotor 16.

  The stator 12 includes a stator core 22 that annularly surrounds the side surface of the radial rotor 16, and a plurality of toroidal coils 24 fixed to the stator core 22. FIG. 3 shows a cross section of the stator 12 as viewed in the circumferential direction. 3 corresponds to the longitudinal direction (x-axis direction) of the shaft 14 of the rotating electrical machine, and the left direction and the right direction correspond to the outer direction and the inner direction of the stator 12, respectively. The direction is similarly defined for the sectional views of other stators in the following description.

  The stator core 22 includes an annular core 26 that annularly surrounds the side surface of the radial rotor 16, and a radial teeth portion 28 that extends from the annular core 26 in the direction of the radial rotor 16 and protrudes from the toroidal coil 24. Yes. For the annular core 26, the direction surrounding the annular (torus-shaped) hollow portion is defined as the toroidal direction T. In addition, a direction that circulates in a cross section perpendicular to the toroidal direction T is defined as a poloidal direction P.

  The stator core 22 further protrudes downward from the boundary between the radial teeth portion 28 and the annular core 26 and the rectangular additional teeth portion 30U that protrudes upward from the boundary between the radial teeth portion 28 and the annular core 26. A rectangular additional tooth portion 30L is provided. The length of each of the additional teeth portions 30U and 30L is preferably shorter than the length of the radial teeth portion 28 extending from the annular core 26.

  The teeth 31 of the stator core 22 are formed by the radial teeth portion 28 and the additional teeth portions 30U and 30L. The teeth 31 are the whole site | part protruded from the cyclic | annular core 26, and are the site | parts where the conducting wire of the toroidal coil 24 is not wound. The toroidal coil 24 has a conducting wire that is wound around the annular core 26 in the poloidal direction and is toroidally wound, and a ring formed by the conducting wire is penetrated by the annular core 26.

  The plurality of toroidal coils 24 included in the stator 12 are arranged in the toroidal direction of the annular core 26 by the individual configurations of the radial teeth portion 28, the additional teeth portion 30U, the additional teeth portion 30L, and the toroidal coil 24 shown in FIG. . A tooth 31 is provided between the adjacent toroidal coils 24, and the leading edge of the radial teeth portion 28 faces the side surface of the radial rotor 16.

  According to such a configuration, the magnetic flux interlinking with the toroidal coil 24 is concentrated on each tooth portion. As a result, as shown in FIG. 3, the magnetic field lines Hs that pass through the toroidal coil 24 through the annular core 26, pass through the radial teeth portion 28 from the leading edge to the radial rotor 16, or the magnetic field lines in the opposite direction. The magnetic flux represented is increased. The rotating electrical machine operates as an electric motor or a generator by the action of magnetic flux between the radial teeth portion 28 and the radial rotor 16.

  When the rotating electrical machine operates as an electric motor, a rotating magnetic field is generated around the side surface of the radial rotor 16 by controlling the phase of the current flowing through each toroidal coil 24. As a result, an electromagnetic force acts between the stator 12 and the magnetic poles of the radial rotor 16, and torque is generated in the radial rotor 16 and the shaft 14. Further, when the rotating electrical machine operates as a generator, an induced electromotive force is generated in each toroidal coil 24 based on the rotating magnetic field generated inside the stator 12 by the rotation of the shaft 14 and the radial rotor 16, and each toroidal coil 24. AC power can be obtained from the lead wire drawn out from.

  In general, in a stator in which a plurality of teeth are joined to an annular core and a coil wire is provided between adjacent teeth, magnetic saturation is likely to occur in the boundary section between the teeth and the annular core. According to the stator 12 according to the present embodiment, magnetic saturation is less likely to occur based on the principle described below.

  In the stator 12 according to the present embodiment, the contact area between the teeth 31 and the annular core 26 is larger than the contact area between the radial teeth portion 28 and the annular core 26. That is, when the contact area in the section K1 where the radial teeth portion 28 is in contact with the annular core 26 is S1, and the contact area in the section K2 where each of the additional teeth portion 30U and the additional teeth portion 30L is in contact with the annular core 26 is S2, The contact area of the teeth 31 is S1 + 2 · S2. Therefore, the contact area of the teeth 31 is larger than the contact area 2 · S2 of the radial teeth portion 28. From another viewpoint, in addition to the magnetic path passing through the boundary cross section between the radial teeth portion 28 and the annular core 26, a magnetic path passing through the additional core portions 30U and 30L is formed. It can be said that the magnetic flux is concentrated on the boundary section. In addition, the magnetic resistance of the magnetic path from the radial teeth 28 to the annular core 26 decreases. As a result, the magnetic flux is prevented from concentrating on the radial teeth portion 28 and magnetic saturation in the teeth 31 is less likely to occur.

  More generally, the configuration and technical idea of this embodiment will be described as follows. The teeth 31 included in the stator 12 include a radial teeth portion 28 as a first tooth portion, and additional teeth portions 30U and 30L as second tooth portions. With the direction in which the radial teeth portion 28 extends from the annular core 26 as a first direction, the additional teeth portions 30U and 30L adjacent to the radial teeth portion 28 extend in a direction different from the first direction. The length of each additional tooth portion is desirably shorter than the length in which the radial teeth portion 28 extends from the annular core 26. With this configuration, the contact area between the teeth 31 and the annular core 26 is larger than the contact area between the radial teeth portion 28 and the annular core 26 (the cross-sectional area of the radial teeth portion 28 in the direction orthogonal to the first direction). As a result, the magnetic flux is prevented from concentrating on the radial teeth portion 28 as the first teeth portion, and magnetic saturation in the teeth 31 hardly occurs. Note that the additional teeth portions 30U and 30L do not need to have both, and if only one of them is provided, an effect that magnetic saturation hardly occurs can be obtained.

  In the above description, the magnetic field lines Hs that pass through the toroidal coil 24 through the annular core 26 and pass from the tip edge to the radial rotor 16 through the radial teeth portion 28, or the magnetic lines in the opposite direction have been described. In addition to the magnetic flux represented by the magnetic lines of force, the stator 12 passes through the toroidal coil 24 through the annular core 26, and does not pass through the radial teeth portion 28. A magnetic flux represented by the opposite magnetic field lines may be generated. Such leakage magnetic flux does not have a physical effect on the radial rotor 16. For this reason, the leakage magnetic flux causes a decrease in torque when the rotating electric machine is used as an electric motor, and causes a decrease in generated power when used as a generator.

  In the stator 12 according to the present embodiment, since the additional teeth 30U and 30L protrude in the vertical direction, leakage magnetic flux may occur. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 4, the shapes of the additional tooth portions 30U and 30L may be shapes with concave corners. The shape which dents each additional teeth part is made into arc shape, for example. Thus, by making the shape of the additional teeth 30U and 30L into a shape having a deficient portion with a recessed outer shape, the magnetic flux going upward and downward from the annular core 26, compared to the shape shown in FIG. 3, and Magnetic flux from the vertical direction toward the annular core 26 is reduced, and leakage magnetic flux is reduced.

  Note that the stator 12 may not necessarily include these additional teeth between all the toroidal coils 24. Furthermore, the shape of the additional tooth portion is not limited to a rectangle, and may be another polygon, a circle, an ellipse, or the like.

  FIG. 5 schematically shows a cross-sectional view of a rotating electrical machine according to the second embodiment of the present invention. In this rotating electrical machine, in addition to the cylindrical radial rotor 16, two disk-shaped axial rotors 32A and 32B are used. The radial rotor 16 has the same configuration as the radial rotor 16 of the rotating electrical machine according to the first embodiment. Components that are the same as those shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 are given the same reference numerals, and descriptions thereof are omitted.

  The two axial rotors 32 </ b> A and 32 </ b> B are arranged at positions sandwiching both ends of the radial rotor 16 so that the plate surface is perpendicular to the side surface of the radial rotor 16. A shaft 14 common to the radial rotor 16 is penetrated and fixed at the center of each of the axial rotors 32A and 32B, and the axial rotors 32A and 32B rotate together with the shaft 14 and the radial rotor 16. The axial rotors 32A and 32B include a disk member 34, a magnet holder 36 formed of a magnetic material, and a permanent magnet 38. The magnet holder 36 is fixed to the plate surface of the disc member 34 on the radial rotor 16 side, and holds the permanent magnet 38 on the radial rotor 16 side.

  FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing a part of each of the radial rotor 16, the stator 40, and the magnet holder 36, and the permanent magnet 38. FIG. 7 is an exploded perspective view of these members. The stator 40 includes a stator core 42 that annularly surrounds the side surface of the radial rotor 16, and a plurality of toroidal coils 24 fixed to the stator core 42. The magnet holder 36 is formed in an annular shape and faces the stator 40 above and below the stator 40. A plurality of permanent magnets 38 are fixed to the upper magnet holder 36 so that N poles and S poles alternately appear downward along the circumferential direction. A plurality of permanent magnets 38 are fixed to the lower magnet holder 36 so that N poles and S poles alternately appear upward along the circumferential direction.

  FIG. 8 shows a cross section of the stator 40 viewed in the toroidal direction. The stator core 42 includes an annular core 26, a radial teeth portion 28, and axial teeth portions 44U and 44L, and is made of a magnetic material. The annular core 26 is formed in an annular shape and surrounds the side surface of the radial rotor 16. The radial teeth portion 28 extends from the annular core 26 toward the radial rotor 16 and protrudes from the toroidal coil 24. The axial teeth portion 44U extends from the annular core 26 in the direction of the upper magnet holder 36 and protrudes from the toroidal coil 24, and the axial teeth portion 44L extends from the annular core 26 in the direction of the lower magnet holder 36 and toroidal. It protrudes from the coil 24.

  The stator core 42 has a rectangular outer additional tooth portion 46U that protrudes outside the stator 40 from the boundary between the axial teeth portion 44U and the annular core 26, and an outer side of the stator 40 from the boundary between the axial teeth portion 44L and the annular core 26. 46L is provided with a rectangular outer additional tooth portion 46L protruding to The length of each of the outer additional teeth portions 46U and 46L is desirably shorter than the length of each of the axial teeth portions 44U and 44L extending from the annular core 26.

  The stator core 42 further includes a filling additional tooth portion 48U that is filled in a corner formed by the axial teeth portion 44U and the radial teeth portion 28 and protrudes from the annular core 26. In the example shown in FIG. 8, the edge between the axial teeth portion 44U and the radial teeth portion 28 in the filling additional teeth portion 48U is a straight line. Similarly, the stator core 42 includes a filling additional tooth portion 48 </ b> L that is filled at a corner formed by the axial teeth portion 44 </ b> L and the radial teeth portion 28 and protrudes from the annular core 26. In the example shown in FIG. 8, the edge between the axial teeth portion 44 </ b> L and the radial teeth portion 28 in the filling additional teeth portion 48 </ b> L is a straight line. The distance over which each of the filling additional teeth 48U and 48L protrudes from the annular core 26 is desirably smaller than the length of each of the axial teeth 44U and 44L and the radial teeth 28.

  The teeth 47 of the stator core 42 are formed by the axial teeth portions 44U and 44L, the radial teeth portion 28, the outer side additional teeth portions 46U and 46L, and the filling additional teeth portions 48U and 48L. The teeth 47 are the whole site | part protruded from the annular core 26, and are the site | parts by which the conducting wire of the toroidal coil 24 is not wound.

  According to such a configuration, the magnetic flux interlinking with the toroidal coil 24 is concentrated on each tooth portion. As a result, the magnetic flux expressed by the magnetic field line Hs1 passing through the toroidal coil 24 through the annular core 26 and passing from the tip edge to the radial rotor 16 through the radial teeth portion 28 or a magnetic field line in the opposite direction increases. Moreover, the magnetic flux represented by the magnetic field line Hs2 that passes through the toroidal coil 24 through the annular core 26, passes through the respective axial teeth portions, and extends from the respective front end edges to the respective axial rotors, or the magnetic field lines in the opposite direction increases.

  The rotating electrical machine operates as an electric motor or a generator by the action of the magnetic flux between the radial teeth part 28 and the radial rotor 16 and the action of the magnetic flux between each axial tooth part and each axial rotor.

  When the rotating electrical machine operates as an electric motor, a rotating magnetic field is generated around the side surface of the radial rotor 16 by controlling the phase of the current flowing through each toroidal coil 24, and electromagnetic force is generated between the stator 40 and the magnetic poles of the radial rotor 16. Act. At the same time, a rotating magnetic field is generated along the magnet holders 36 of the axial rotors 32A and 32B, and an electromagnetic force acts between the stator 40 and the magnetic poles of the axial rotors 32A and 32B. As a result, torque is generated in the radial rotor 16, the axial rotors 32A and 32B, and the shaft 14.

  When the rotating electrical machine operates as a generator, the rotation of the shaft 14 and the axial rotors 32 </ b> A and 32 </ b> B is further performed based on the rotating magnetic field generated inside the stator 40 due to the rotation of the shaft 14 and the radial rotor 16. An induced electromotive force is generated in each toroidal coil 24 on the basis of the rotating magnetic field generated above and below, and AC power is obtained from the conductor drawn from each toroidal coil 24.

  The stator 40 according to the present embodiment includes additional filling teeth 48U and 48L. As a result, in addition to the magnetic path passing through the boundary cross section between the radial tooth portion 28 and the annular core 26, a magnetic path passing through the additional filling tooth portion 48U and a magnetic path passing through the additional filling tooth portion 48L are formed. It is avoided that the magnetic flux concentrates on the boundary section between the annular core 26 and the annular core 26. That is, the magnetic resistance of the magnetic path from the radial teeth portion 28 to the annular core 26 is reduced. This makes it difficult for magnetic saturation to occur at the boundary cross section between the radial teeth portion 28 and the annular core 26.

  In addition, the stator 40 according to the present embodiment includes an outer additional tooth portion 46U and an outer additional tooth portion 46L in addition to the additional filling tooth portions 48U and 48L. Thereby, in addition to the magnetic path passing through the boundary cross section between the axial teeth portion 44U and the annular core 26, a magnetic path passing through the outer additional teeth portion 46U and a magnetic path passing through the filling additional teeth portion 48U are formed, and the axial teeth portion 44U. It is avoided that the magnetic flux concentrates on the boundary section between the annular core 26 and the annular core 26. That is, the magnetic resistance of the magnetic path from the axial teeth portion 44U to the annular core 26 is reduced. This makes it difficult for magnetic saturation to occur at the boundary cross section between the axial teeth portion 44U and the annular core 26. Based on the same principle, magnetic saturation at the boundary cross section between the axial teeth portion 44L and the annular core 26 hardly occurs due to the action of the outer additional teeth portion 46L and the filling additional teeth portion 48L.

  More generally, the configuration and technical idea of this embodiment will be described as follows. The teeth 47 included in the stator core 42 include the radial teeth portion 28 as the first teeth portion, and the filling additional teeth portions 48U and 48L as the second teeth portion. Furthermore, the teeth 47 include axial teeth portions 44U and 44L as third tooth portions. The direction in which the radial teeth portion 28 extends from the annular core 26 is a first direction, and the additional filling tooth portion 48U between the radial teeth portion 28 and the axial teeth portion 44U extends from the annular core 26 in a direction different from the first direction. . Similarly, a filling additional tooth portion 48L between the radial teeth portion 28 and the axial teeth portion 44L extends from the annular core 26 in a direction different from the first direction. The length of each filling additional tooth portion extending from the annular core 26 is desirably shorter than the length of the radial teeth portion 28 extending from the annular core 26 and the length of each axial tooth portion extending from the annular core 26. With this configuration, in addition to the contact cross section between the first tooth portion and the annular core 26 and the contact cross section between the second tooth portion and the annular core 26, a magnetic path is formed in the third tooth portion. Concentration of magnetic flux is avoided. This makes it difficult for magnetic saturation in the teeth 47 to occur.

  Further, due to the individual configurations of the teeth 47 and the toroidal coils 24 shown in FIG. 8, the plurality of toroidal coils 24 included in the stator core 42 are arranged in the toroidal direction of the annular core 26. A tooth 47 is provided between adjacent toroidal coils 24. That is, between the adjacent toroidal coils 24, the radial teeth portion 28 as the first tooth portion and the axial teeth portions as the third tooth portion are at equal positions in the toroidal direction of the annular core 26. And the position of radial teeth part 28 and the position of each axial teeth part are based on the position of radial rotor 16 and each axial rotor, and the position of these teeth parts in the poloidal direction of annular core 26 is different. . In the example of FIG. 8, the radial teeth portion 28 and each axial rotor are disposed so as to be orthogonal to each other.

  In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 9A, a configuration may be adopted in which only the additional filling teeth 48 </ b> U and 48 </ b> L are provided without the outer additional teeth. Further, as shown in FIG. 9B, the filling additional teeth 48U and 48L may have a shape that closes the toroidal coil 24, or may have a rectangular shape as shown in FIG. 9C. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 9D, the filling additional teeth 48U and 48L may be recessed. The shape in which the filling additional teeth 48U and 48L are recessed is, for example, an arc.

  The shape shown in FIGS. 9A to 9D does not include the outer additional tooth portion. Thereby, the leakage magnetic flux from the toroidal coil 24 to the outside of the stator 40 is suppressed. Moreover, in the shape shown in FIG. 9D, the leakage magnetic flux from the toroidal coil 24 to the inner diagonally upward direction and the inner diagonally downward direction is smaller than that shown in FIGS. 9A to 9C. Decrease. According to the stator 40 shown in FIGS. 9A to 9D, compared with the stator 40 shown in FIG. 8, the performance deterioration of the rotating electrical machine due to the leakage magnetic flux in the outer direction is suppressed.

  In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 10A, a configuration may be adopted in which only the outer additional teeth portions 46 </ b> U and 46 </ b> L are provided without the filling additional teeth portion. Further, as shown in FIG. 10B, the corners of the outer additional teeth portions 46U and 46L may be recessed. The shape in which the outside additional teeth portions 46U and 46L are recessed is, for example, an arc shape.

  In the shapes shown in FIGS. 10A and 10B, since the additional filling tooth portion is not provided, leakage magnetic flux from the toroidal coil 24 to the inner diagonally upward direction and the inner diagonally downward direction is suppressed. Further, in the shape shown in FIG. 10B, the leakage magnetic flux from the toroidal coil 24 to the outside direction is reduced as compared with the shape shown in FIG. According to the stator shown in FIGS. 10A and 10B, compared with the stator shown in FIG. 8, the deterioration of the performance of the rotating electrical machine due to the leakage magnetic flux in the inner diagonally upward direction and the inner diagonally downward direction is suppressed. Is done.

  In addition, as shown in FIG. 11, as a shape that suppresses the influence of both magnetic saturation and leakage magnetic flux, outer additional teeth portions 46U and 46L and filling additional teeth portions 48U and 48L are provided. You may employ | adopt the shape where the corner | dent was dented.

  FIG. 12 shows a simulation result of the torque improvement rate when the rotating electrical machine is operated as an electric motor. In this table, the stator (without the additional tooth portion) provided with neither the additional filling tooth portion nor the outer additional tooth portion, the stator of FIG. 9 (d) (only the additional filling tooth portion), the stator of FIG. 10 (b) ( The torque improvement rate is shown for the outer additional tooth portion only) and the stator of FIG. 11 (the stator including the filling additional tooth portion and the outer additional tooth portion). Torque is classified into radial rotor torque, axial rotor torque, and total torque. However, the torque improvement rate of the stator that does not include the additional tooth portion is set to 0%, and the torque improvement rate for the total torque of the stator that includes the additional charging tooth portion and the outer additional tooth portion is set to 100%.

  As for the torque of the radial rotor, the torque increases in the order of only the additional additional tooth portion, when the additional additional tooth portion and the outer additional tooth portion are provided, and only the outer additional tooth portion. As for the torque of the axial rotor, the torque increases in the order of the case where the additional charging tooth portion and the outer additional tooth portion are provided, the case of only the outer additional tooth portion, and the case of only the additional charging tooth portion. And about all the torques, when a filling additional teeth part and an outer side additional teeth part are provided, a torque is large in order in the case of only a filling additional tooth part, and the case of only an outer side additional teeth part.

  This order is based on the following actions by the filling additional tooth portion and the outer additional tooth portion. That is, the filling additional teeth portion suppresses magnetic saturation in the boundary cross section between the radial teeth portion and the annular core and the boundary cross section between the axial teeth portion and the annular core, while on the inner diagonal upward direction and the inner diagonal downward direction. Increase the leakage flux. Further, the outer additional teeth portion suppresses magnetic saturation in the boundary cross section between the axial teeth portion and the annular core, while increasing the leakage magnetic flux in the outer direction. As shown in the table, the magnitude relationship between the torques is determined by increasing or decreasing the torque due to the combination of these actions.

  FIG. 13 shows another simulation result for the torque improvement rate. Reference numerals (a) to (f) attached to the graph correspond to the shapes of the stators shown in FIGS. 13 (a) to (f), respectively. The stator shown in FIGS. 13A and 13B includes a filling additional tooth portion. The filling additional teeth part of Fig.13 (a) makes the edge the straight line which connects an axial teeth part and a radial teeth part. This straight line connects the midpoint of the inner edge of the axial teeth portion and the midpoint of the upper edge of the radial teeth portion. The additional tooth part of FIG.13 (b) is formed in the rectangular shape. This rectangle consists of a side extending inward from the midpoint of the inner edge of the axial teeth portion and a side extending vertically from the midpoint of each lateral edge of the radial teeth portion.

  The stator shown in FIGS. 13C to 13E includes an outer additional tooth portion. The stator shown in FIG. 13 (e) has the outer end of the outer additional tooth portion aligned with the outer periphery of the toroidal coil. In the stator shown in FIG. 13C, the length of the outer additional tooth portion in the outer direction is set to 1/3 of the length of the outer additional tooth portion in FIG. In the stator shown in FIG. 13 (d), the length of the outer additional tooth portion in the outer direction is set to 2/3 of the length of the outer additional tooth portion in FIG. 13 (e).

  The stator shown in FIG. 13 (f) adopts the same shape as FIG. 13 (a) as the additional filling tooth portion, and has the same shape as FIG. 13 (c) as the outer additional tooth portion. Is adopted. The stator shown in FIG. 13 (g) is provided with neither the outer additional tooth portion nor the filled additional tooth portion. In the following description, the stators shown in FIGS. 13A to 13G are referred to as stators (a) to (g), respectively.

  In the graph of FIG. 13, the torque improvement rate for the stator (g) is 0%, and the torque improvement rate for the stator (f) is 100%. As shown in the graph, the stator (a) has a larger torque than the stator (b). The reason is considered to be that the stator (a) has a smaller leakage flux in the inner oblique upper direction and the inner oblique lower direction than the stator (b). Also, the stator (b) has a larger torque than the stator (c). The reason is considered that the effect of the additional filling tooth portion in the stator (b) exceeds the effect of the outer additional tooth portion in the stator (c). Further, the torque increases in the order of the stators (c), (d), and (e). The reason is considered to be that the leakage magnetic flux in the outer direction is small in the order of the stators (c), (d), and (e).

  Further, any of the stators (a) to (d) and (f) has a larger torque than the stator (g). The reason is considered to be that magnetic saturation is suppressed by the outer additional tooth portion or the filled additional tooth portion. The stator (e) has a smaller torque than the stator (g). The reason is considered to be that the leakage magnetic flux in the outward direction increases. The stator (f) has a shape in which the effects of both the outer additional tooth portion and the filling additional tooth portion can be obtained, and has the largest torque among the stators (a) to (f).

  Note that the outer additional tooth portion and the filling additional tooth portion do not necessarily have to be provided. Further, it is not always necessary to provide these additional teeth portions between all the toroidal coils 24. Furthermore, the shape of the outer additional teeth portion is not limited to a rectangle, and may be other polygons, circles, ellipses, or the like. Moreover, the edge of a filling additional teeth part is not restricted to a straight line, and may be an arbitrary curve.

  Moreover, although the rotary electric machine using two axial rotors was demonstrated above, a rotary electric machine is good also as a structure which uses any one axial rotor. In this case, the stator may have a configuration in which the axial teeth portion is provided only in one direction.

  FIG. 14 schematically shows a cross-sectional view of a rotating electrical machine according to the third embodiment of the present invention. In this rotating electrical machine, a cylindrical container-shaped cylinder rotor 50 is used in addition to the cylindrical-shaped radial rotor 16. The radial rotor 16 has the same configuration as the radial rotor 16 of the rotating electrical machine according to the first embodiment. Components that are the same as those shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 are given the same reference numerals, and descriptions thereof are omitted.

  The cylinder rotor 50 includes a side wall member 52, a disk member 54, a magnet holder 56, and a permanent magnet 58. The side wall member 52 is formed in a cylindrical shape, and one opening is closed by a disk member 54. The side wall member 52 and the disk member 54 are made of a nonmagnetic material. A magnet holder 56 having an annular shape along the wall surface is fixed to the inner wall surface of the side wall member 52. The magnet holder 56 holds a plurality of permanent magnets 58 so that the north and south poles are alternately directed to the inside of the cylinder rotor 50 along the circumferential direction. The cylinder rotor 50 covers the stator 60 and the radial rotor 16, and the permanent magnet 58 held by the magnet holder 56 faces the outer periphery of the stator 60. The shaft 14 common to the radial rotor 16 is fixed through the center of the disk member 54, and the cylinder rotor 50 rotates together with the shaft 14 and the radial rotor 16.

  FIG. 15 shows a cross section of the stator 60 as viewed in the toroidal direction. The stator 60 according to the present embodiment is obtained by adding an outer radial teeth portion 64B that extends outward and protrudes from the toroidal coil 24 to the stator 12 of the first embodiment shown in FIGS. The stator core 62 includes an annular core 26, an inner radial teeth portion 64A, and an outer radial teeth portion 64B, and is made of a magnetic material. The annular core 26 is formed in an annular shape and surrounds the side surface of the radial rotor 16. The inner radial teeth portion 64A extends from the annular core 26 in the direction of the radial rotor 16 and protrudes from the toroidal coil 24, and the outer radial teeth portion 64B extends from the annular core 26 in the direction of the magnet holder 56 of the cylinder rotor 50. 24 protrudes.

  The stator core 62 includes an additional tooth portion 66 </ b> A having a rectangular shape that protrudes up and down from the boundary between the inner radial teeth portion 64 </ b> A and the annular core 26. Further, the stator core 62 includes a rectangular additional tooth portion 66B that protrudes in the vertical direction from the boundary between the outer radial teeth portion 64B and the annular core 26.

  According to such a configuration, the magnetic flux interlinking with the toroidal coil 24 is concentrated on the inner radial teeth portion 64A and the outer radial teeth portion 64B. As a result, the magnetic flux expressed by the magnetic field line Hs3 that passes through the toroidal coil 24 through the annular core 26, passes through the inner radial teeth portion 64A from the leading edge to the radial rotor 16, or the magnetic field lines in the opposite direction increases. . Similarly, the magnetic flux expressed by the magnetic field line Hs4 that passes through the toroidal coil 24 through the annular core 26, passes through the outer radial teeth portion 64B from the tip edge thereof to the cylinder rotor 50, or the magnetic field lines in the opposite direction increases. .

  The rotating electrical machine operates as an electric motor or a generator by the action of the magnetic flux between the inner radial teeth part 64A and the radial rotor 16 and the action of the magnetic flux between the outer radial teeth part 64B and the cylinder rotor 50.

  When the rotating electrical machine operates as an electric motor, a rotating magnetic field is generated around the side surface of the radial rotor 16 by controlling the phase of the current flowing through each toroidal coil 24, and electromagnetic force is generated between the stator 60 and the magnetic poles of the radial rotor 16. Act. At the same time, a rotating magnetic field is generated along the magnet holder 56 of the cylinder rotor 50, and an electromagnetic force acts between the stator 60 and the magnetic poles of the cylinder rotor 50. As a result, torque is generated in the radial rotor 16, the cylinder rotor 50 and the shaft 14.

When the rotating electrical machine operates as a generator, the shaft 14 and the radial rotor 16
Induced electromotive force is generated in each toroidal coil 24 based on the rotating magnetic field generated inside the stator 60 due to the rotation of the shaft and further based on the rotating magnetic field generated outside the stator 60 due to the rotation of the shaft 14 and the cylinder rotor 50. Then, AC power is obtained from the lead wire drawn from each toroidal coil 24.

  The stator 60 according to the present embodiment includes an additional tooth portion 66A. Thereby, in addition to the magnetic path passing through the boundary cross section between the inner radial teeth portion 64A and the annular core 26, a magnetic path passing through the additional tooth portion 66A is formed, and the boundary cross section between the inner radial teeth portion 64A and the annular core 26 is formed. Concentration of magnetic flux is avoided. That is, the magnetic resistance of the magnetic path from the inner radial teeth portion 64A to the annular core 26 is reduced. This makes it difficult for magnetic saturation to occur at the boundary cross section between the inner radial teeth portion 64A and the annular core 26. Based on the same principle, magnetic saturation at the boundary cross section between the outer radial teeth portion 64B and the annular core 26 is less likely to occur due to the action of the additional teeth portion 66B.

  Here, the rectangular additional teeth portions 66A and 66B have been described. However, as shown in FIG. 16, these additional teeth portions may have a shape with recessed corners. The shape in which the additional teeth 66A and 66B are recessed is, for example, an arc. According to such a shape, the leakage flux in the vertical direction of FIG. 16 is reduced.

  Further, the additional teeth portions 66A and 66B may not include all of them. And it is not always necessary to provide these additional teeth between all the toroidal coils 24. Furthermore, the shape of the additional tooth portion is not limited to a rectangle, and may be another polygon, a circle, an ellipse, or the like.

  In the above description, as the first embodiment, the rotating electrical machine having the radial surface (the magnetic pole arrangement surface where the tips of the teeth face each other in the direction orthogonal to the rotation axis) as one surface is taken up. In addition, as the second embodiment, a rotating electrical machine having one radial surface and two axial surfaces (magnetic pole arrangement surfaces facing the tips of the teeth in the rotation axis direction) is taken up. As a third embodiment, a rotating electrical machine having two radial surfaces is taken up.

  Besides such a configuration, a configuration with one axial surface, a configuration with two axial surfaces, and the like are possible. When the axial surface is one surface, in the rotating electrical machine shown in FIG. 5, the rotor 16 is not used, and further, any one of the axial rotors 32A and 32B is not used. And in a stator core, what is necessary is just to provide the tooth | gear in which an axial teeth part extends in one direction. Further, in the case where two axial surfaces are used, the rotor 16 is not used in the rotating electrical machine shown in FIG. And in a stator core, what is necessary is just to provide the tooth | gear in which an axial teeth part extends in two directions.

  More generally, the present invention can be used for a rotating electrical machine that arbitrarily employs at least one of two axial surfaces and two radial surfaces. What is necessary is just to use what is provided with the teeth part extended in the direction of the magnetic pole arrangement | positioning surface of a rotor as a tooth.

  In the rotating electrical machines according to the above-described embodiments, a toroidal coil having a rectangular shape with rounded corners is employed, but the toroidal coil may have another annular shape. For example, you may employ | adopt the toroidal coil of the polygonal shape which has a side in the direction where teeth extend.

  Moreover, in the rotary electric machine which concerns on said each embodiment, the additional teeth part protruded in the surface perpendicular | vertical to the toroidal direction of an annular core from the boundary of a teeth part and an annular core is used. In addition to such a flat additional tooth portion, when there is a gap between the tooth and the toroidal coil, a three-dimensional additional tooth portion protruding in the thickness direction of the tooth may be employed.

  The rotating electrical machine according to the present invention may be used in an electric vehicle such as a hybrid vehicle or an electric vehicle. Generally, an electric vehicle is equipped with a secondary battery that can be repeatedly charged and discharged, and a power control circuit. The rotating electrical machine is used as, for example, a driving electric motor and a secondary battery charging generator. In this case, the power control circuit controls the driving power supplied from the secondary battery to the rotating electrical machine or the generated power supplied from the rotating electrical machine to the secondary battery according to the driving operation and the running state of the vehicle. Control to charge the secondary battery.

10 housing, 12, 40, 60 stator, 14 shaft, 16 radial rotor, 18 rotor core, 20, 38, 58 permanent magnet, 22, 42, 62 stator core, 24 toroidal coil, 26 annular core, 28 radial teeth section, 31 , 47 Teeth, 30U, 30L, 66A, 66B Additional teeth, 32A, 32B Axial rotor, 34, 54 Disc member, 36, 56 Magnet holder, 44U, 44L Axial teeth, 46U, 46L Additional external teeth, 48U 48L Filling additional teeth part, 50 cylinder rotor, 52 side wall member, 64A inner radial teeth part, 64B outer radial teeth part.

Claims (8)

An annular core;
A coil wound toroidally around the annular core;
Teeth extending from the annular core;
With
The teeth have a first teeth portion extending in a first direction from the annular core,
The teeth have a second teeth portion extending in a second direction from the annular core,
The length of the second tooth portion from the annular core is shorter than the length of the first tooth portion from the annular core,
The contact area between the annular core and the tooth is larger than a cross-sectional area perpendicular to the first direction of the first tooth portion,
The first direction is a direction different from the second direction;
The second teeth portion is adjacent to the first teeth portion,
A stator used in rotating electrical machines. The teeth have a third tooth portion extending in a third direction from the annular core,
The length of the second teeth portion from the annular core is shorter than the length of the third teeth portion from the annular core,
The second teeth portion is provided between the first teeth portion and the third teeth portion,
The second teeth portion is adjacent to the third teeth portion,
The stator used for the rotary electric machine of Claim 1. The position of the first teeth portion in the toroidal direction of the annular core is equal to the position of the third teeth portion in the toroidal direction,
The position of the first tooth in the poloidal direction of the annular core is different from the position of the third tooth portion in the poloidal direction,
The first direction is a direction orthogonal to the surface of the annular core;
The third direction is a direction orthogonal to the surface of the annular core.
The stator according to claim 2.   The stator according to claim 2, wherein the first direction is a direction orthogonal to the third direction. The tip of the second tooth portion is recessed toward the annular core portion,
The stator according to any one of claims 2 to 4. A plurality of the teeth are provided in the toroidal direction of the annular core, and the teeth are provided between the toroidal wound coils.
The stator according to any one of claims 1 to 5. A rotor,
The stator according to any one of claims 1 to 6,
With
The first direction is a direction from the annular core toward the rotor.
Rotating electric machine.   A vehicle comprising the rotating electrical machine according to claim 7.

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