JP2013227766A - Excavating tool - Google Patents

Excavating tool Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2013227766A
JP2013227766A JP2012099875A JP2012099875A JP2013227766A JP 2013227766 A JP2013227766 A JP 2013227766A JP 2012099875 A JP2012099875 A JP 2012099875A JP 2012099875 A JP2012099875 A JP 2012099875A JP 2013227766 A JP2013227766 A JP 2013227766A
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Prior art keywords
movable blade
excavation tool
blade body
tip
hole
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JP2012099875A
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JP6088154B2 (en
Inventor
Kazuo Tofun
和夫 藤墳
Takeyoshi Okuda
剛祥 奥田
Mitsumasa Okamura
光政 岡村
Masayuki Yamashita
雅之 山下
Koji Ishiyama
宏二 石山
Hiromi Saeki
宏実 佐伯
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Mitsubishi Materials Corp
Nishimatsu Construction Co Ltd
Toda Corp
Furukawa Rock Drill Co Ltd
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Mitsubishi Materials Corp
Nishimatsu Construction Co Ltd
Toda Corp
Furukawa Rock Drill Co Ltd
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Priority to JP2012099875A priority Critical patent/JP6088154B2/en
Publication of JP2013227766A publication Critical patent/JP2013227766A/en
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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To surely perform the expansion and contraction of a hole in spite of being low cost.SOLUTION: An excavating tool 1 includes an excavating tool body 10 and a pair of movable blade parts 20, 20 swingably mounted to the tip side of the excavating tool body 10. The movable blade part 20 is swingable around a hole penetrated with a shaft part 13 and in a plane along a plane part. As a result, when the excavating tool 1 is rotated, first, the movable blade part 20 is shaken out by an inertia force and a centrifugal force, and the movable blade part 20 is further projected to the outer peripheral side by friction generated between a gauge tip 3A of its tip and the inner peripheral surface of a lower hole to be placed in an expanded diameter state.

Description

本発明は、アンカー、ロックボルト、基礎杭等を設置するために、地盤や地山に掘削する孔を、その先端部や中間部で拡縮する掘削工具に関する。   The present invention relates to a drilling tool that expands or contracts a hole to be drilled in the ground or a natural ground in order to install an anchor, a lock bolt, a foundation pile, or the like.

鉱山・トンネルをはじめとする掘削現場において、地山補強のため、地山に掘削した孔にアンカーやロックボルトを設置することが行われる。さらに、より強固に地山を補強するため、アンカーやロックボルトを貫入させる孔の先端部や中間部にその内径を拡径した拡径部を形成し、この部分におけるセメントやモルタルの充填体積を増やすことが行われている。   At excavation sites such as mines and tunnels, anchors and rock bolts are installed in holes excavated in natural ground to reinforce natural ground. Furthermore, in order to reinforce the natural ground more firmly, an enlarged portion with an enlarged inner diameter is formed at the tip and middle of the hole through which the anchor and lock bolt penetrate, and the filling volume of cement and mortar in this portion is increased. An increase is being made.

このような拡径部を有した孔を形成するための掘削工具として、特許文献1には、掘削ビット本体に対し、その軸線方向に進退するくさび状の部材によってビットを径方向に出没させることで、孔の拡縮を可能とした構成が開示されている。   As a drilling tool for forming a hole having such an enlarged diameter portion, Patent Document 1 discloses that a bit is projected and retracted in a radial direction by a wedge-shaped member that advances and retreats in the axial direction of the drill bit body. Thus, a configuration that enables expansion and contraction of the hole is disclosed.

また、特許文献2には、二つのブロックからなるビットヘッドを有した掘削用ビット本体を回転させてビットヘッドを孔の周囲の地山に押し付けることで、ビットヘッドを構成する二つのブロックに回転抵抗を付与し、二つのブロックを外周側に突出させる構成が開示されている。   Further, in Patent Document 2, the bit body for excavation having a bit head composed of two blocks is rotated, and the bit head is pressed against the ground around the hole, thereby rotating the two blocks constituting the bit head. The structure which provides resistance and makes two blocks protrude in the outer peripheral side is disclosed.

特開平7−229382号公報JP 7-229382 A 特開昭63−11789号公報Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. Sho 63-11789

しかしながら、特許文献1に記載されたような構成によれば、ビットを径方向に出没させるために、くさび状の部材と、この部材を進退させるための機構が必要となり、構造が複雑でコストもかかるという問題がある。   However, according to the configuration described in Patent Document 1, a wedge-shaped member and a mechanism for advancing and retracting the member are required to make the bit appear and disappear in the radial direction, and the structure is complicated and costly. There is a problem that it takes.

また、特許文献2に記載された掘削ビットは、掘削開始時は拡径状態で掘削を開始し、作業終了後にビットを縮径して回収することを目的とした掘削ビットである。よって、この掘削ビットは、作業途中での拡縮径を想定されておらず、特に孔内で縮径状態から拡径状態に移行しようとしても、この掘削ビット構成では打撃が孔の軸線方向にしか加わらないため、ビットヘッドを孔内側面へ押し付ける力を生じさせることができず、孔壁を掘削して拡径することが不可能となっている。   The excavation bit described in Patent Document 2 is an excavation bit intended to start excavation in a diameter-expanded state at the start of excavation, and to recover the bit after reducing the diameter. Therefore, this drill bit is not assumed to have an enlarged / reduced diameter in the middle of work, and even when trying to shift from the reduced diameter state to the enlarged diameter state in the hole, in this drill bit configuration, the hitting is only in the axial direction of the hole. Therefore, it is impossible to generate a force for pressing the bit head against the inner surface of the hole, and it is impossible to dig the hole wall and expand the diameter.

このような問題は、アンカーやロックボルト用の孔に限らず、地盤中に構築される基礎杭用の孔を形成する際にも共通する。   Such a problem is common not only when forming holes for foundation piles built in the ground, but also for holes for anchors and rock bolts.

そこでなされた本発明の目的は、安価でありながら、孔の拡縮を確実に行うことのできる掘削工具を提供することである。     An object of the present invention made there is to provide an excavation tool that can reliably expand and contract holes while being inexpensive.

本発明は、上記課題を解決するため、以下の手段を採用する。
すなわち、本発明は、掘削工具本体と、該掘削工具本体の後端側を中心としてスイング可能に設けられた可動刃体とを有し、前記掘削工具本体をその中心軸周りに回転させたときに、前記可動刃体が前記後端側を中心としてスイングし、該可動刃体の先端側が外周側に突出することによって、掘削される孔が拡径されることを特徴とする。
このような構成によれば、掘削工具本体をその中心軸周りに回転させたときに、可動刃体が後端側を中心としてスイングし、該可動刃体の先端側が外周側に突出すると、可動刃体の先端側が周囲の孔の内壁面に接触する。これによって、その摩擦抵抗によって、可動刃体の回転が掘削工具本体の回転よりも遅れることで、可動刃体が強制的にスイングされて開く。この状態で掘削を行うことで、孔径が拡径される。
ここで、掘削工具本体は、後端側に配置され、円柱状をなした円柱状部と、先端側に形成され、中心軸を挟んで互いに平行とされた一対の平面部を有したプレート状部と、を有し、可動刃体は、掘削工具本体の両側にそれぞれ設けられ、かつ、掘削工具本体の平面部に設けられた軸部に回動自在に連結されることで、平面部に沿った面内でスイング可能に設けられた構成とすることが可能である。
また、軸部は、平面部において、中心軸を挟んで一方の側にオフセットして設けられているよう設けるのが好ましい。
また、掘削工具本体と可動刃体との間には、可動刃体のスイング角度を規制するストッパが設けられているのが好ましい。
The present invention employs the following means in order to solve the above problems.
That is, the present invention has an excavation tool main body and a movable blade provided so as to be swingable around the rear end side of the excavation tool main body, and when the excavation tool main body is rotated around its central axis Further, the movable blade body swings around the rear end side, and the tip end side of the movable blade body protrudes to the outer peripheral side, whereby the diameter of the excavated hole is increased.
According to such a configuration, when the excavation tool main body is rotated about its central axis, the movable blade body swings around the rear end side, and the movable blade body is movable when the front end side protrudes to the outer peripheral side. The tip side of the blade body contacts the inner wall surface of the surrounding hole. As a result, the rotation of the movable blade is delayed from the rotation of the excavation tool main body by the frictional resistance, so that the movable blade is forcibly swung and opened. By excavating in this state, the hole diameter is expanded.
Here, the excavation tool main body is disposed on the rear end side and is a plate-like shape having a columnar portion having a cylindrical shape and a pair of plane portions formed on the front end side and parallel to each other across the central axis. And the movable blade body is provided on both sides of the excavation tool main body and is rotatably connected to a shaft portion provided on the flat portion of the excavation tool main body. It is possible to adopt a configuration that is provided so as to be able to swing in the plane along.
Further, it is preferable that the shaft portion is provided so as to be offset on one side of the plane portion with the central axis interposed therebetween.
Moreover, it is preferable that the stopper which regulates the swing angle of a movable blade body is provided between the excavation tool main body and the movable blade body.

このような本発明は、アンカーやロックボルト用の孔に限らず、地盤中に構築される基礎杭用の孔を形成する際にも用いることができる。   The present invention can be used not only when forming holes for anchors and rock bolts, but also when forming holes for foundation piles built in the ground.

本発明によれば、掘削工具本体をその中心軸周りに回転させたときに、可動刃体が後端側を中心としてスイングして可動刃体の先端側が外周側に突出することで、可動刃体の先端側が周囲の孔の内壁面に接触する。これによって、その摩擦抵抗によって、可動刃体が強制的にスイングされて拡径され、孔を拡径することができる。
このような掘削工具は、可動刃体を動作させるための複雑な機構が不要であり、安価でありながら、孔の拡縮を確実に行うことが可能となった。
According to the present invention, when the excavation tool body is rotated around its central axis, the movable blade body swings around the rear end side, and the front end side of the movable blade body protrudes to the outer peripheral side. The tip side of the body contacts the inner wall surface of the surrounding hole. Thereby, the movable blade is forcibly swung and expanded in diameter by the frictional resistance, and the hole can be expanded in diameter.
Such an excavation tool does not require a complicated mechanism for operating the movable blade body, and it is possible to reliably expand and contract the hole while being inexpensive.

本実施形態に係る掘削工具を示す図であり、(a)は先端側から見た斜視図、(b)は後端側から見た斜視図である。It is a figure which shows the excavation tool which concerns on this embodiment, (a) is the perspective view seen from the front end side, (b) is the perspective view seen from the rear end side. 掘削工具の部品構成を示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows the components structure of an excavation tool. 可動刃体を示す図であり(a)は外周面側から見た斜視図、(b)は平面部側から見た斜視図である。It is a figure which shows a movable blade body, (a) is the perspective view seen from the outer peripheral surface side, (b) is the perspective view seen from the plane part side. 掘削工具の動作を示す図であり、(a)、(b)は縮径状態の側面図および正面図、(b)は拡径状態の側面図および正面図である。でIt is a figure which shows operation | movement of an excavation tool, (a), (b) is the side view and front view of a diameter-reduced state, (b) is the side view and front view of a diameter-expanded state. so 可動刃体が拡径した状態を示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows the state which the movable blade body expanded.

以下、添付図面を参照して、本発明による掘削工具を実施するための最良の形態を説明する。しかし、本発明はこれらの実施例のみに限定されるものではない。
図1は、本発明の一実施形態を示すものである。本実施形態において、掘削工具1は鋼材等により形成され、全体として軸線Oを中心とした概略円柱状をなしている。掘削工具1の後端部1bには、当該掘削工具1を削岩機から延びる図示せぬロッドの先端に取り付けるための取付手段、例えば取付ネジ孔2が形成されている。掘削工具1の先端部1aには、掘削工具1よりも硬質な超硬合金等の材料によって形成されたチップ3が植設されている。このような掘削工具は、上記削岩機から付与された軸線O周りの回転力、および軸線O方向への打撃力、推力をこのチップ3から岩盤に伝達して岩盤を破砕しながら穿孔してゆく。
DESCRIPTION OF EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, the best mode for carrying out an excavation tool according to the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited only to these examples.
FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the present invention. In the present embodiment, the excavation tool 1 is formed of a steel material or the like, and has a substantially cylindrical shape with the axis O as a whole. The rear end portion 1b of the excavation tool 1 is formed with an attachment means for attaching the excavation tool 1 to the tip of a rod (not shown) extending from the rock drill, for example, an attachment screw hole 2. A tip 3 made of a material such as a cemented carbide harder than the excavating tool 1 is implanted at the tip 1a of the excavating tool 1. Such a drilling tool transmits the rotational force around the axis O given from the rock drill, the striking force in the direction of the axis O, and the thrust from the tip 3 to the rock, and drills while crushing the rock. go.

図2に示すように、上記掘削工具1は、その先端部側が、3分割構造となっている。すなわち、掘削工具1は、掘削工具本体10と、掘削工具本体10の先端部側に対してスイング可能に装着された一対の可動刃体20,20と、を有する。     As shown in FIG. 2, the excavation tool 1 has a three-part structure on the tip side. That is, the excavation tool 1 includes an excavation tool main body 10 and a pair of movable blade bodies 20 and 20 that are swingably attached to the distal end side of the excavation tool main body 10.

掘削工具本体10は、後端部側が円柱状部11とされ、先端部側は、軸線Oを挟んで互いに平行に形成された一対の平面部12a,12aを有したプレート状部12とされている。
プレート状部12の平面部12a,12aには、それぞれ円柱状の軸部13が突出形成されている。この軸部13は、掘削工具本体の軸線Oに直交しかつ平面部12aにも直交する方向に中心軸線を有し、かつ平面部12aの幅方向(軸線Oに直交する方向)の一方の側にオフセットして設けられている。
プレート状部12の平面部12aの一端側には、円柱状部11との境界部に、平面部12aから円柱状部11の外周面11aに連続するよう立ち上がる壁部12bが形成されている。この壁部12bは、軸部13の中心と同心状をなす湾曲面とされている。壁部12bにおいて、平面部12aに近い側には、平面部12aに平行な面内で連続し、湾曲面状の壁部12bの外径側に凹となる溝12mが形成されている。
The excavation tool body 10 has a columnar portion 11 on the rear end side and a plate-like portion 12 having a pair of flat portions 12a and 12a formed in parallel with each other with the axis O interposed therebetween. Yes.
A cylindrical shaft portion 13 is formed so as to protrude from the flat portions 12 a and 12 a of the plate-like portion 12. This shaft portion 13 has a central axis in a direction perpendicular to the axis O of the excavation tool body and also perpendicular to the plane portion 12a, and one side in the width direction of the plane portion 12a (direction perpendicular to the axis O). Is provided offset.
On one end side of the flat surface portion 12 a of the plate-shaped portion 12, a wall portion 12 b is formed at the boundary with the cylindrical portion 11 so as to rise from the flat surface portion 12 a to the outer peripheral surface 11 a of the cylindrical portion 11. The wall portion 12 b is a curved surface concentric with the center of the shaft portion 13. In the wall portion 12b, a groove 12m that is continuous in a plane parallel to the plane portion 12a and that is concave on the outer diameter side of the curved wall portion 12b is formed on the side close to the plane portion 12a.

また、プレート状部12の平面部12aには、平面部12aの表面に直交する方向に一定の高さを有した凸部14が形成されている。この凸部14は、軸部13に対向する側に、平面部12aに直交して立ち上がるストッパ面14aを有している。     Further, the flat portion 12a of the plate-like portion 12 is formed with a convex portion 14 having a certain height in a direction orthogonal to the surface of the flat portion 12a. The convex portion 14 has a stopper surface 14 a that rises orthogonal to the flat surface portion 12 a on the side facing the shaft portion 13.

図3に示すように、可動刃体20は、その一面側に平面部20aを有し、他面側が、掘削工具1の外径と同寸法の円弧状面20bを有し、軸線Oに直交する面内の断面形状がD字状をなしている。この可動刃体20は、プレート状部12の両側に設けられ、それぞれ、平面部20aをプレート状部12の平面部12aを対向させた状態でプレート状部12に装着される。この状態で、図1に示したように、プレート状部12と、その両側の可動刃体20,20とにより、全体として円柱状部11に連続する円柱状をなす。     As shown in FIG. 3, the movable blade body 20 has a flat surface portion 20 a on one surface side, an arc surface 20 b having the same size as the outer diameter of the excavation tool 1 on the other surface side, and orthogonal to the axis O. The in-plane cross-sectional shape is D-shaped. The movable blade body 20 is provided on both sides of the plate-like portion 12, and is mounted on the plate-like portion 12 with the flat portion 20a facing the flat portion 12a of the plate-like portion 12, respectively. In this state, as shown in FIG. 1, the plate-like portion 12 and the movable blades 20, 20 on both sides form a cylindrical shape that continues to the cylindrical portion 11 as a whole.

また、図2に示すように、可動刃体20の一端側には、軸部13が挿通される孔22が形成されている。図1に示したように、軸部13は、平面部20a側から孔22を貫通し、その先端部が円弧状面20b側に突出する。可動刃体20の円弧状面20bには、孔22の周囲にザグリ面23が形成され、軸部13の先端部には、図示しない溝に孔22よりも大きな径を有したスナップリング等の抜け止め部材24が装着される。     As shown in FIG. 2, a hole 22 through which the shaft portion 13 is inserted is formed on one end side of the movable blade body 20. As shown in FIG. 1, the shaft portion 13 penetrates the hole 22 from the flat surface portion 20a side, and the tip portion protrudes to the arcuate surface 20b side. A counterbore surface 23 is formed around the hole 22 on the arcuate surface 20b of the movable blade body 20, and a snap ring having a larger diameter than the hole 22 in a groove (not shown) is formed at the tip of the shaft portion 13. A retaining member 24 is attached.

また、図2に示すように、可動刃体20は、孔22が形成された側の端部が、平面部20aに直交する湾曲面25とされている。この湾曲面25は、孔22の中心と同心円状に形成されている。
湾曲面25において、平面部20a側には、平面部20aに平行な面内で連続し、外周側に張り出す縁部25aが形成されている。この縁部25aは、前記の溝12mに噛み合うようになっている。
As shown in FIG. 2, the movable blade body 20 has an end portion on the side where the hole 22 is formed as a curved surface 25 orthogonal to the flat surface portion 20a. The curved surface 25 is formed concentrically with the center of the hole 22.
In the curved surface 25, an edge portion 25a that is continuous in a plane parallel to the flat surface portion 20a and projects to the outer peripheral side is formed on the flat surface portion 20a side. The edge portion 25a meshes with the groove 12m.

図3(b)に示すように、可動刃体20の平面部20aには、平面部20aの表面に直交する方向に一定の深さを有した凹部26が形成されている。この凹部26は、孔22に対向する側に、平面部20aに直交するストッパ面26aを有している。ここで、図4(a)に示すように、可動刃体20の中心軸線を掘削工具本体10の中心軸線と平行にした状態、つまり、可動刃体20の平面部20aが掘削工具本体10の平面部12aに重なり合って、可動刃体20の円弧状面20bが掘削工具本体10の外周面に連続して位置する状態(以下、この状態を縮径状態と称する)では、ストッパ面26aが、掘削工具本体10の凸部14のストッパ面14aに間隔を隔てて互いに平行に対向するようになっている。     As shown in FIG. 3B, the flat portion 20a of the movable blade body 20 is formed with a recess 26 having a certain depth in a direction orthogonal to the surface of the flat portion 20a. The concave portion 26 has a stopper surface 26 a orthogonal to the flat surface portion 20 a on the side facing the hole 22. Here, as shown in FIG. 4A, a state in which the central axis of the movable blade body 20 is parallel to the central axis of the excavation tool body 10, that is, the flat portion 20 a of the movable blade body 20 is In a state where the arcuate surface 20b of the movable blade 20 is continuously located on the outer peripheral surface of the excavating tool body 10 so as to overlap the flat surface portion 12a (hereinafter, this state is referred to as a reduced diameter state), the stopper surface 26a is The stopper surface 14a of the convex portion 14 of the excavation tool body 10 is opposed to each other in parallel with a gap.

図4、図5に示すように、このような可動刃体20は、軸部13が貫通された孔22を中心として、平面部20aに沿った面内でスイング可能となっている。そして、図4(c)に示すように、可動刃体20の凹部26のストッパ面26aと、掘削工具本体10の凸部14のストッパ面14aとが互いに接近する方向に可動刃体20がスイングした場合(以下、この状態を拡径状態と称する)、ストッパ面26aがストッパ面14aに突き当たることによって、そのスイング角度が規制されるようになっている。     As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, such a movable blade body 20 can swing in a plane along the plane portion 20 a around the hole 22 through which the shaft portion 13 is passed. 4C, the movable blade 20 swings in a direction in which the stopper surface 26a of the concave portion 26 of the movable blade 20 and the stopper surface 14a of the convex portion 14 of the excavating tool body 10 approach each other. In this case (hereinafter, this state is referred to as a diameter-expanded state), the swing angle is regulated by the stopper surface 26a hitting the stopper surface 14a.

図1に示したように、掘削工具本体10の先端面10Sと可動刃体20の先端面20Sは、縮径状態において、以下に示すような構成を有するように形成されている。すなわち、掘削工具本体10の先端面10Sと可動刃体20の先端面20Sは、その内周側で円状をなすインナー部5と、インナー部5の外周側に環状に配置されたゲージ部4とを有するよう構成されている。
インナー部5は、掘削工具本体10の先端面10Sと可動刃体20の先端面20Sに形成された、軸線Oに垂直は平面17、27により構成されている。
ゲージ部4は、内周側から外周側に向かうに従い軸線O方向後端側に向かうように傾斜した傾斜面18、28が、軸線Oを中心として周方向に等間隔に形成されることで構成されている。
As shown in FIG. 1, the distal end surface 10S of the excavation tool body 10 and the distal end surface 20S of the movable blade body 20 are formed so as to have the following configuration in the reduced diameter state. That is, the distal end surface 10S of the excavation tool main body 10 and the distal end surface 20S of the movable blade body 20 are circular on the inner peripheral side thereof, and the gauge portion 4 that is annularly disposed on the outer peripheral side of the inner portion 5. It is comprised so that.
The inner portion 5 is composed of flat surfaces 17 and 27 that are formed on the distal end surface 10S of the excavation tool body 10 and the distal end surface 20S of the movable blade body 20 and perpendicular to the axis O.
The gauge portion 4 is configured by forming inclined surfaces 18 and 28 inclined toward the rear end side in the axis O direction from the inner circumference side toward the outer circumference side at equal intervals in the circumferential direction around the axis O. Has been.

これらインナー部5を構成する平面17,27、ゲージ部4を構成する傾斜面18,28には、チップ3が植設されていて、それぞれゲージチップ3Aおよびインナーチップ3Bとされている。
ここで、掘削工具本体10の先端面10Sには、平面17を挟んで一方の側と他方の側に傾斜面18,18が形成され、平面17に1つのインナーチップ3Bが設けられ、傾斜面18,18にもそれぞれ1つずつのゲージチップ3Aが設けられている。
各可動刃体20の先端面20Sには、平面27の外周側に二つの傾斜面28,28が形成されており、平面27には1つのインナーチップ3Bが設けられ、傾斜面28,28にもそれぞれ1つずつのゲージチップ3Aが設けられている。
Chips 3 are implanted on the flat surfaces 17 and 27 constituting the inner portion 5 and the inclined surfaces 18 and 28 constituting the gauge portion 4, which are respectively referred to as a gauge tip 3 </ b> A and an inner tip 3 </ b> B.
Here, inclined surfaces 18 and 18 are formed on one side and the other side of the tip surface 10S of the excavating tool body 10 with the plane 17 interposed therebetween, and one inner chip 3B is provided on the plane 17 so that the inclined surface is provided. One gauge chip 3 </ b> A is also provided for each of 18 and 18.
Two inclined surfaces 28, 28 are formed on the outer peripheral side of the flat surface 27 on the front end surface 20 </ b> S of each movable blade body 20, and one inner chip 3 </ b> B is provided on the flat surface 27. Also, one gauge chip 3A is provided for each.

チップ3は、ゲージチップ3Aおよびインナーチップ3Bとも同一の形状のものであって、本実施形態では先端部が略半球状等の凸曲面とされたボタンタイプとされるとともに基端部は円柱状とされており、この基端部が掘削工具本体10に形成された孔部に埋設されて先端部のみが掘削工具本体10先端面に突出するように、圧入あるいは焼き嵌め等により固定されている。なお、このチップ3は、その先端部が円錐の突端を球面状としたスパイクタイプのものや、砲弾形状のものとされていてもよい。     The tip 3 has the same shape as the gauge tip 3A and the inner tip 3B. In this embodiment, the tip 3 is a button type having a convex surface such as a substantially hemispherical tip, and the base end is cylindrical. The base end portion is embedded in a hole formed in the excavation tool body 10 and is fixed by press-fitting or shrink fitting so that only the distal end portion protrudes from the distal end surface of the excavation tool body 10. . The tip 3 may be of a spike type with a tip of a cone having a spherical tip or a shell shape.

また、上記取付ネジ孔2の孔底からは、ブロー孔6が先端側に向かって形成されていて、これらのブロー孔6はそれぞれ上記先端面のインナー部5に開口させられている。     Further, blow holes 6 are formed from the bottom of the mounting screw hole 2 toward the front end side, and these blow holes 6 are respectively opened in the inner portion 5 of the front end surface.

上記したような掘削工具1は、削岩機から延びるロッドの先端に取り付けられて、図4(a)、(b)に示したような状態で、地盤、あるいは地山に予め掘削された下孔100内に挿入される。ここで、下孔100の内径は、掘削工具1の外径よりもわずかに大きく設定されている。     The excavation tool 1 as described above is attached to the tip of a rod extending from a rock drill, and in the state shown in FIGS. 4 (a) and 4 (b) It is inserted into the hole 100. Here, the inner diameter of the pilot hole 100 is set slightly larger than the outer diameter of the excavation tool 1.

そして、下孔100を拡径すべき位置に到達したら、削岩機によりロッドをその軸線周りに回転させる。このときの回転方向は、各可動刃体20の幅方向中心に対する孔22のオフセット方向に合致している(図4(b)中、矢印A方向)。
すると、掘削工具1は、その軸線Oを中心として回転する。掘削工具1が回転し始めると、図4(c)、(d)、図5に示すように、軸部13に回動自在に軸支された可動刃体20が、回転停止状態から回転開始時に生じる慣性力、および回転による遠心力により、軸部13が挿入された孔22を中心として先端部側が外周側に振り出される。
可動刃体20の先端部側が外周側に振り出されると、回転方向後方側に位置する傾斜面28が外周側に突出し、下孔100の内周面100aに突き当たる。すると、傾斜面28のゲージチップ3Aと下孔100の内周面100aとの間で摩擦が生じる。この摩擦により、可動刃体20の回転速度が掘削工具本体10に対して一時的に遅くなり、可動刃体20が掘削工具本体10に対して回転方向後方に引っ張られる。その結果、可動刃体20がさらに外周側に振り出されて拡径状態となる。
これにより、下孔100を拡径することができる。
Then, when reaching the position where the diameter of the pilot hole 100 should be increased, the rod is rotated around its axis by a rock drill. The rotation direction at this time coincides with the offset direction of the hole 22 with respect to the center in the width direction of each movable blade body 20 (in the direction of arrow A in FIG. 4B).
Then, the excavation tool 1 rotates around the axis O. When the excavation tool 1 starts to rotate, as shown in FIGS. 4C, 4D, and 5, the movable blade body 20 pivotally supported by the shaft portion 13 starts to rotate from the rotation stopped state. Due to the inertial force sometimes generated and the centrifugal force due to rotation, the tip end side is swung out to the outer peripheral side around the hole 22 in which the shaft portion 13 is inserted.
When the tip end side of the movable blade body 20 is swung out to the outer peripheral side, the inclined surface 28 located on the rear side in the rotation direction protrudes toward the outer peripheral side and hits the inner peripheral surface 100a of the lower hole 100. Then, friction occurs between the gauge tip 3 </ b> A on the inclined surface 28 and the inner peripheral surface 100 a of the lower hole 100. Due to this friction, the rotational speed of the movable blade body 20 temporarily decreases with respect to the excavation tool body 10, and the movable blade body 20 is pulled backward in the rotation direction with respect to the excavation tool body 10. As a result, the movable blade body 20 is further swung out to the outer peripheral side to be in a diameter expanded state.
Thereby, the diameter of the pilot hole 100 can be expanded.

また、拡径状態から縮径状態に移行させるには、掘削工具1を反対方向に回転させたり、掘削工具1を後退させればよい。     In order to shift from the expanded diameter state to the reduced diameter state, the excavation tool 1 may be rotated in the opposite direction or the excavation tool 1 may be retracted.

上述したような構成によれば、掘削工具1を回転させると、まずは慣性力や遠心力によって可動刃体20が振り出され、その先端部のゲージチップ3Aと下孔100の内周面100aとの間に生じる摩擦により、可動刃体20をさらに外周側に突出させて拡径状態とすることができる。
これにより、下孔100を、その中間部や周端部であっても、容易に拡径することができる。
このとき、可動刃体20は、これをスイングさせるための機構が特に不要であるため、簡易かつ低コストな構成とすることができる。
According to the configuration described above, when the excavating tool 1 is rotated, the movable blade body 20 is first swung out by inertial force or centrifugal force, and the tip of the gauge tip 3A and the inner peripheral surface 100a of the lower hole 100 are The movable blade body 20 can be further protruded to the outer peripheral side due to the friction generated between the two, and the diameter can be increased.
Thereby, the diameter of the pilot hole 100 can be easily expanded even if it is the intermediate part and peripheral edge part.
At this time, since the movable blade body 20 does not require a mechanism for swinging the movable blade body 20, a simple and low-cost configuration can be achieved.

(その他の実施形態)
なお、本発明の掘削工具は、図面を参照して説明した上述の各実施形態に限定されるものではなく、その技術的範囲において様々な変形例が考えられる。
例えば、軸部13を、平面部12aの幅方向(軸線Oに直交する方向)の中心に対し、幅方向一方の側にオフセットして設けたが、軸部13を平面部12aの幅方向の中心上に設ける構成とすることもできる。
また、前記実施形態では、可動刃体20を2個備えているが、これに限られることなく、1個でもあるいは3個以上備えても良い。
これ以外にも、本発明の主旨を逸脱しない限り、上記実施の形態で挙げた構成を取捨選択したり、他の構成に適宜変更することが可能である。
(Other embodiments)
The excavation tool of the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments described with reference to the drawings, and various modifications are conceivable within the technical scope.
For example, the shaft portion 13 is provided offset to one side in the width direction with respect to the center in the width direction of the plane portion 12a (the direction orthogonal to the axis O), but the shaft portion 13 is provided in the width direction of the plane portion 12a. It can also be set as the structure provided on the center.
Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the two movable blade bodies 20 are provided, it is not restricted to this, You may provide one piece or 3 pieces or more.
In addition to this, as long as it does not depart from the gist of the present invention, the configuration described in the above embodiment can be selected or changed to another configuration as appropriate.

1 掘削工具
1a 先端部
1b 後端部
3 チップ
3A ゲージチップ
3B インナーチップ
4 ゲージ部
5 インナー部
6 ブロー孔
10 掘削工具本体
10S 先端面
11 円柱状部
11a 外周面
12 プレート状部
12a 平面部
12b 壁部
13 軸部
14 凸部
14a ストッパ面
14a 凸部
17,27 平面
18,28 傾斜面
20 可動刃体
20a 平面部
20b 円弧状面
20S 先端面
22 孔
25 湾曲面
25a 縁部
26 凹部
26a ストッパ面
100 下孔
100a 内周面
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Excavation tool 1a Front-end | tip part 1b Rear-end part 3 Tip 3A Gauge tip 3B Inner tip 4 Gauge part 5 Inner part 6 Blow hole 10 Excavation tool main body 10S Front end surface 11 Cylindrical part 11a Outer surface 12 Plate-like part 12a Plane part 12b Wall Part 13 Shaft part 14 Convex part 14a Stopper surface 14a Convex part 17, 27 Plane 18, 28 Inclined surface 20 Movable blade body 20a Plane part 20b Arcuate surface 20S Tip surface 22 Hole 25 Curved surface 25a Edge part 26 Concave part 26a Stopper surface 100 Pilot hole 100a Inner peripheral surface

Claims (4)

掘削工具本体と、該掘削工具本体の後端側を中心としてスイング可能に設けられた可動刃体とを有し、
前記掘削工具本体をその中心軸周りに回転させたときに、前記可動刃体が前記後端側を中心としてスイングし、該可動刃体の先端側が外周側に突出することによって、掘削される孔が拡径されることを特徴とする掘削工具。
An excavation tool body, and a movable blade body provided so as to be swingable around the rear end side of the excavation tool body,
When the excavation tool body is rotated about its central axis, the movable blade body swings about the rear end side, and the tip side of the movable blade body projects to the outer peripheral side, thereby excavating the hole. Drilling tool characterized in that the diameter is expanded.
前記掘削工具本体は、前記後端側に配置され、円柱状をなした円柱状部と、前記先端側に形成され、前記中心軸を挟んで互いに平行とされた一対の平面部を有したプレート状部と、を有し、
前記可動刃体は、前記掘削工具本体の両側にそれぞれ設けられ、かつ、該掘削工具本体の前記平面部に設けられた軸部に回動自在に連結されることで、前記平面部に沿った面内でスイング可能に設けられていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の掘削工具。
The excavation tool main body is disposed on the rear end side and has a columnar portion having a columnar shape, and a plate having a pair of plane portions formed on the front end side and parallel to each other across the central axis. And having a shape part,
The movable blade body is provided on both sides of the excavation tool main body, and is rotatably connected to a shaft portion provided on the flat portion of the excavation tool main body. The excavation tool according to claim 1, wherein the excavation tool is provided so as to be swingable in a plane.
前記軸部は、前記平面部において、前記中心軸を挟んで一方の側にオフセットして設けられていることを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の掘削工具。   The excavation tool according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the shaft portion is provided in the plane portion so as to be offset to one side across the central axis. 前記掘削工具本体と前記可動刃体との間には、前記可動刃体のスイング角度を規制するストッパが設けられていることを特徴とする請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の掘削工具。   The excavation according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a stopper that regulates a swing angle of the movable blade body is provided between the excavation tool main body and the movable blade body. tool.
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JP7373822B1 (en) 2023-04-05 2023-11-06 日本基礎技術株式会社 Diameter expansion drill for ground excavation

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