JP2013183675A - Composition for cultivation of agricultural and horticultural product - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a composition for cultivation of agricultural and horticultural product, which can block, in production of an agricultural and horticultural product, radioactive cesium within a cultivation substrate, prevent the cesium from transferring into the agricultural and horticultural product such as a mushroom, and thus effectively prevent the deterioration of quality of the agricultural and horticultural product by causing an active ingredient contained in a cultivation composition that is a cultivation substrate or a cultivation substrate including the cultivation composition effectively and selectively adsorb the cesium adhered to the cultivation substrate through atmospheric air or water.SOLUTION: An composition for cultivation of agricultural and horticultural product includes, as essential components, a metal ferrocyanide compound, a nutrient and a nutrient support.

Description

  The present invention relates to a composition for cultivating agricultural and horticultural products. More specifically, when cultivating agricultural and horticultural products such as mushrooms, it effectively reduces or eliminates the transfer of harmful radioactive cesium contained in the air and water to agricultural and horticultural products, and controls the quality and quality of agricultural and horticultural products. Agricultural and horticultural product cultivation composition that contributes to improvement and further prevents adverse effects on the external environment, a method for producing the agricultural and horticultural product cultivation composition, and an agricultural and horticultural product cultivation composition using the agricultural and horticultural product cultivation composition The purpose is to provide a method to avoid migration of cesium.

  Conventionally, in the production process of agricultural and horticultural products such as agricultural plants and horticultural plants, farming such as cultivation soil, culture medium, and hydroponics cultivation liquids are used to improve productivity, increase product value, and prevent disease. Various uses of cultivating base materials for horticultural products or various additives have been studied (for example, Patent Document 1).

  In the mushroom production process, various methods such as raw wood cultivation using hoda trees, bottle cultivation using a bottle filled with a medium, and bag cultivation using a bag filled with a medium are adopted. In Japan, the contents of the cultivation base material (hodder tree and medium) inoculated with the mushroom inoculum directly affect the quality and yield of the mushrooms, and various studies have been made on the composition and preparation method of the cultivation base material. For example, for the purpose of increasing the absorption efficiency of nutrients in the medium to mushrooms, an attempt to reuse sawdust in the medium once used for cultivation (Patent Document 2), aiming to produce good mushrooms and increase the yield of mushrooms The proposal (patent document 3) which mixes the crushed paper material which made the waste paper material into the small piece in a culture medium is disclosed. In addition, for the purpose of increasing the production efficiency of mushrooms and improving the quality, attempts have been made to mix various nutrient additives such as sugar, protein, mineral, etc. into the culture medium (for example, Patent Document 4).

  On the other hand, harmful substances mixed in the cultivation base material through water or air may be transferred to plants and mushrooms as products, and the quality of the product may be deteriorated. Moreover, the radioactive substance actually discharged | emitted in air | atmosphere and water adheres in a cultivation base material, and the example which transfers to a plant and a mushroom has generate | occur | produced during cultivation. In particular, among radioactive substances, radioactive cesium 137 has a long half-life of 30 years, and γ rays are radiated into the natural environment for a long period of time, although they are attenuated thereafter. In addition, since it is easily gasified, it is widely scattered in the environment and is highly water-soluble and easily accumulates in the living body. For this reason, when taken into the living body, the adverse effects on the living body due to internal exposure are very large and more serious. As a method of removing radioactive substances such as cesium, a method in which an object contaminated with radioactive substances is enclosed in a sealed container and subjected to high temperature treatment (Patent Document 5), a method of removing contaminants by laser light irradiation (patent) Document 6), a method of separating radioactive material from a solvent after dissolving the contaminant in the solvent (Patent Document 7), a method of selectively removing the radioactive material by the zeolite ion exchange method (Patent Document 8), etc. have been proposed. However, all of them require large-scale equipment and are not effective means that can be easily applied to mushrooms and plant cultivation.

  In order to eliminate the adverse effects on the agricultural and horticultural products due to the contamination of the above-mentioned radioactive cesium into the cultivation base simply and at low cost, even if the radioactive cesium adheres to the cultivation base, adverse effects on the cultivation product It is considered that the use of an additive for cultivation base material that can effectively eliminate the above or the use of a composition for cultivation containing the additive is most practical. However, the development of this seed additive that works effectively and the composition for seed cultivation have not yet been reported, which is an urgent issue.

JP 2006-333804 A JP-A-8-308378 JP 2003-310050 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-130811 JP 2011-158374 A JP 2010-256274 A JP-A-10-213697 JP-A-8-271692

  Therefore, the object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems, and in the production of agricultural and horticultural products, the active ingredient contained in the cultivation composition that is the cultivation substrate or the cultivation substrate that contains the cultivation composition is By effectively and selectively adsorbing radioactive cesium adhering to the cultivation substrate through water, the cesium is blocked in the cultivation substrate, and the cesium migrates into agricultural and horticultural products such as mushrooms. Of agricultural and horticultural products that effectively prevent deterioration of quality of agricultural and horticultural products, a method for producing the same, and the transfer of cesium to agricultural and horticultural products using the composition for cultivating agricultural and horticultural products Is to provide a way to avoid this.

  As a result of intensive studies to achieve the above object, the inventor of the present invention, the ferrocyanide compound, which is an essential component in the composition for agricultural and horticultural product cultivation, adsorbs only cesium and is another essential component. We found that nutrients do not adsorb. That is, the present inventor does not stop the supply of nutrients to agricultural and horticultural products, and the ferrocyanide compound stays in the cultivation substrate while selectively adsorbing only cesium, and the cesium is used for agricultural and horticultural purposes such as mushrooms. The inventors have found that the problem of the prior art as described above can be solved by preventing the transfer to the product, and the present invention has been completed. That is, the present invention provides a composition for cultivating agricultural and horticultural products comprising a ferrocyanide metal compound, a nutrient, and a nutrient holder as essential components.

  According to the composition for cultivating agricultural and horticultural products of the present invention, for mushroom cultivation; for plant cultivation; the mushroom is a basidiomycete or mushroom mushroom; The mushroom is a mushroom belonging to the genus Pleurotus; at least one selected from the group consisting of Pleurotus ostreatus, Pleurotus cornucopiae, and Pleurotus salmoneostramineus Is preferred.

  Moreover, this invention provides the manufacturing method of the said composition for agricultural and horticultural product cultivation, and the method of avoiding the transfer of cesium to an agricultural and horticultural product using the said composition for agricultural and horticultural product cultivation.

  When the composition for cultivating agricultural and horticultural products of the present invention is used as a cultivation substrate, the ferrocyanide compound strongly adsorbs cesium adhering to the cultivation substrate, and the cesium is a biological system of agricultural and horticultural products such as mushrooms. Even if radioactive cesium is mixed in the cultivation base to prevent invasion, the cesium does not migrate to the agricultural and horticultural product as a product, avoiding adverse effects on the radioactive cesium product it can. Further, since the ferrocyanide compound does not adsorb nutrients, the supply of nutrients to agricultural and horticultural products is sufficiently ensured. Therefore, if the composition for cultivation of agricultural and horticultural products according to the present invention is used, it is possible to produce high quality agricultural and horticultural products without cesium contamination. The composition for cultivating agricultural and horticultural products of the present invention contributes to the improvement of the safety of cultivated products such as mushrooms as described above, and at the same time has the safety of the composition for cultivating agricultural and horticultural products itself.

  Next, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to modes for carrying out the invention. The composition for cultivating agricultural and horticultural products of the present invention can be used as a base material for cultivation, or can be blended with other existing base materials for cultivation. The mixing ratio in that case is 30 parts by mass or more, and more preferably 50 parts by mass or more for the agricultural and horticultural product cultivation composition of the present invention when the entire cultivation base is 100 parts by mass. An effect may not fully be exhibited as the composition for agricultural and horticultural product cultivation of this invention is less than 30 mass parts.

(About each component which comprises a composition)
(Metallic ferrocyanide compound)
Ferrocyanide metal compound used in the present invention is a general formula A _x M _y metal salt represented by [Fe (CN) _6]. Here, A in the formula is any one of K, Na, and NH ₄ , M is any of Ca, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, and Zn, and x and y are formulas x + ny. = 4 (x is a number from 0 to 3). N represents the valence of M.

Among the various bitumen types mentioned above, bitumen having the chemical formula NH ₄ Fe [Fe (CN) ₆ ] is an industrially mass-produced pigment and is a very fine pigment. It is a highly safe compound widely used in paints and cosmetics. These metal ferrocyanide compounds have a cubic shape as a crystal structure, and are easy to selectively incorporate a monovalent cation, particularly cesium, into the lattice.

  The ferrocyanide compound used in the composition for cultivating agricultural and horticultural products of the present invention may be fine particles or wet including water. Commercially available fine powder contains adsorbed water.

(About nutrients)
The nutrients used in the agricultural and horticultural product cultivation composition of the present invention will be described. When the agricultural and horticultural product is a plant, since it is an autotrophic nutrient, the nutrient is basically a micronutrient such as nitrogen, phosphoric acid, potassium, or a mineral, and organic nutrients. Specifically, nitrogenous fertilizer components such as ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride, urea, lime nitrogen, ammonium nitrate, sodium nitrate, calcium nitrate, sodium ammonium nitrate, magnesium nitrate, ammonia corrosive acid, triazone, ammonium thiosulfate, potassium chloride, potassium sulfate , Potassium fertilizer components such as potassium magnesium sulfate, potassium nitrate, potassium silicate, corrosive acid potassium and potassium bicarbonate, phosphate fertilizer components such as ammonium phosphate, ammonium polyphosphate, superphosphate lime, and heavy superphosphate lime Is used. Further, as the mineral component, metal components such as calcium, magnesium, sulfur, iron, copper, zinc, manganese, boron, molybdenum, silicon, and sodium are used.

  Organic nutrients include corn, peanuts, flaxseed, sesame seeds, kapok and other oil residues and powder, tofu, licorice, coffee, tree nuts, soybeans, rice bran, mugwort and other plant fertilizer ingredients, fish Kas, meat scum, steamed corn meal, steamed bone meal, steamed chicken bone meal, steamed fish scale powder, steamed leather powder, crustacean fertilizer ingredients, moving fertilizer ingredients such as silk splinters, fungus body fertilizer ingredients, compost Components, sludge fertilizer components, green manure components, etc. are used. Furthermore, plant hormones and various vitamins such as auxin, cytokinin, gibberellin, ethylene, abscisic acid, brassinosteroid, jasmon san, strigolactone, and bioactive peptides are also used as micronutrients.

  When the agricultural and horticultural products are mushrooms, they are heterotrophic, and nutrient intake forms are divided into three types: rot, parasitism, and symbiosis, but basically, carbon sources and nitrogen sources are nutrients. Specifically, plant cell wall components such as cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin, monosaccharides and oligosaccharides such as glucose, sucrose, maltose, xylose and galactose, polysaccharides such as starch and chitosan (cellulose and hemicellulose are also polysaccharides), Proteins, amino acids, fats and oils, and natural materials containing these are used. Examples of the natural material that can be suitably used include rice bran, bran, and tofu residue. Natural material extracts such as potato extract, malt extract, and yeast extract are also used as suitable nutrients. Vitamins such as thiamine hydrochloride and lignin sulfonic acid are also used as cell-activating nutrients.

(About nutrient holders)
The nutrient holder used in the agricultural and horticultural product cultivation composition of the present invention will be described. The nutrient holder is used to hold the above nutrients. Specifically, natural materials such as red soil, black soil, Kanuma soil, humus soil, red ball soil, compost, vermiculite, perlite, bentonite, zeolite, pumice sand, volcanic gravel sand, peat, bark compost, charcoal, humic acid , Soil improvement materials such as burned diatomaceous earth, plant materials such as sawdust, logs, rice straw, rice straw, straw, coco beet, bagasse, peanut shell, synthetic resin materials such as polyethyleneimine materials and polyvinyl alcohol materials, Processing materials such as glass and resin beads, nonwoven fabric, paper, film, and sheet are used. Water is also used as a nutrient holder for hydroponics.

(About nutrient-nutrient-retaining body mixed system)
In the present invention, when the agricultural and horticultural product is a plant, the soil containing organic matter and minerals is used as a mixture of nutrients and nutrient holders. In addition, when the mushrooms that are agricultural and horticultural products are wood-rotting fungi, sawdust and raw wood are gradually decomposed by the wood-destroying fungus and can also become nutrients. In this case, a mixture of nutrients and nutrient-supporting bodies Used as

  The case where the agricultural and horticultural product used in the present invention is a mushroom will be described. In the present invention, the mushroom means a fruiting body of a fungus or an aspergillus. Although the kind of mushroom used by this invention is not specifically limited, For example, the mushroom shown below is used.

  Shiitake, Nameko, Oytake, Enokitake, Tamogitake, Shirotamogitake, Bunashimeji, Tokiirohiratake, Ushiratake, Ohiratake, Abalonetake, Maitake, Manntake, Mushroom, Mushroom, Mushroom, Mushroom Modoki, Numeritaketake, Kamiharitake, Beechaharitake, White-bellied jellyfish, Fukurotake, Yamabushitake, Agaricus, Hatakeshiji, Matsuooji, Kofuki-no-shake, Choitake, Naratake, Amanita mushrooms Meshimakobu, Aragekawa Kitatake, Ashigrotake, Amisugitake, Kotake, Coritake mushroom, Ai-shimeji, Otsugatake, Otome-no-asa, Kisameji, Kurifu-Sentake, Koganetake, Sakurajiji, Hitotake, Sasukuri-Toyoke, Zarae-no-haratake, Sango-Haritake, Shakashimetake, Sugitaketa Giant bamboo shoots , Rokawa, Hietori-Shimeji, Shiro-no-Shita, Sugitake, Chichitake, Hataketake, Mustache, etc. are used. Tsukuritake and the like are preferably used, and in particular, oyster mushrooms, tamogitake, toki-hiratake and the like are preferably used.

  The medium components used as nutrients or nutrient holders in the composition for cultivating mushrooms of the present invention are not particularly limited, and specific examples include the following. For example, sawdust, rice bran, bran, corn bran, corn (corn bran, corn germ, etc.), wheat, soybeans, rice straw, straw, paper mill, waste paper materials, vitamins, proteins, amino acids, sugars, cellulose, starch, Minerals, slaked lime, lignosulfonate, bark compost, compost and milling, oil and brewing-derived nutrient additives, etc. are used, but sawdust, rice bran, bran, etc. are preferably used.

  As sawdust used in the present invention, those derived from hardwood and coniferous wood are used, and are not particularly limited. However, since sawdust from coniferous wood excludes mycelial growth inhibitory substances, it is a 3 to 12 month field. Those that have been piled up and aged are preferably used. Specific tree species of sawdust used in the present invention include Japanese cedar, pine, larch, red pine, Japanese pine, cypress, beech, tochi, Japanese oak, Japanese oak, oak, linden, birch, haruni, rawan, baitsuga and the like. In particular, cedar, cypress sapwood, beech, tochi, mizunara and the like are preferably used.

Although the kind of raw wood used as a nutrient-nutrient holding body mixed system with the composition for mushroom cultivation of this invention is not specifically limited, The following are mentioned specifically.
Akamegashiwa, Akame, Dikoba, Abemaki, Abe, Cottonseed, Onkenugi, Enoki, Enomi, Yonomi, Yonoki, Enju, Inuenju, Maple, Itayakade, Urihadakade, Oyster, Oak, Kashagi, Kasiragi, Bataco, Oak Blue-toothed, Beard, Red-faced, Red-faced, Green-faced, White-faced, White-faced, White-faced, White-backed, White-backed, White-backed, White-faced, Willow, Red-faced , White birch, daikon birch, Japanese white birch, cucumber, acorn, crocodile, cypress, maki, chestnut, shibaguri, bayberry, mulberry, kemponashi, kenpo, tempo pear, konara, Bullfinch, Hoosa, Hoso, Sakura, Yamazakura, Someiyoshino, Shii, Sudajii, Tsuburajii, Koujii, Itajii, Japanese hornbill, Inodede, Akashide, Solo, Soya, Sone, Omonoki, Taiwanfu, Tabonoki, Yamagus, Inugus, Tamagus, Tochinoki , Tochi, Toji, Tonji, Doronoki, Doranagi, Naragashiwa, Nurde, Fushinoki, Seahorse, Sesame, Nemunoki, Kobayoki, Nebutoki, Nerigiri, Nogurumi, Nobu, Nobuki, Yamagurumi, Harigiri, Sen, Sennoki, Dara, Odaira, Hara Elm, Nere, Tamo, Hanoki, Hanoki, Yachiba, Harinoki, Beech, Shirobuna, Budna, Honbuna, Inubuna, Kurobuna, Honoki, Honoki, Honoki, Fuchinoki, Poplars, Hirohakoyanagi, Seizurea, Occidentus Zunara, oak, farts, mugwort, mukuenoki, mok, yashabushi, yashabushi, ooyashabushi, himeya shabushi, willows, red willows, batko willows, weeping willows, yoshinogi, yam, jade , Moukazakura.

An example of oyster mushroom sawdust cultivation using the product of the present invention will be described. Sawdust and rice bran are mixed well at a ratio of 3: 1 to 4: 1, and 0.1 to 5 parts by mass of a ferrocyanide metal compound is mixed with 100 parts by mass of the mixture of sawdust and rice bran. Further, add water and mix well to adjust the water content to about 61-65%. Next, the medium thus prepared is subjected to autoclaving. After sterilization under conditions of vapor pressure of 1.0 to 1.5 kg / cm ² , temperature of 115 to 121 ° C. and 30 to 45 minutes, the sterilized medium is inoculated with inoculum and cultured at 20 to 30 ° C. When the mycelium spreads over the entire medium in about 20-30 days, the fungus is scraped (scraping off the fungal portion at the top of the medium), and further culturing results in the formation of the fruiting body primordium and the fruiting body (mushroom) Grows up.

  The component ratio of the composition for mushroom cultivation of the present invention is preferably 15 to 25 parts by mass of nutrients and 85 to 75 parts by mass of the nutrient holder when the whole composition is 100 parts by mass. Moreover, 0.1-5 mass parts of a ferrocyanide metal compound is preferable when a nutrient and a nutrient holding body are 100 mass parts.

  The ferrocyanide compound can also be used in a form bound to a binder as required. The amount of the metal ferrocyanide compound used in this case is adjusted so that the pure content of the metal ferrocyanide compound is the above amount. Examples of the binder used in the present invention include organic polymer materials, extender pigments, metal soaps, surfactants, and waxes. Hereinafter, these specific compounds will be described.

  Organic polymer materials include petroleum resins, rosin derivatives, cellulose derivatives such as nitrified cotton and acetylbutyl cellulose, rubber derivatives such as cyclized rubber and chlorinated rubber, alkyd resins, polyester resins, amino resins, epoxy resins, acrylic resins, Examples include polyurethane resins, polyurea resins, vinyl chloride resins, vinyl acetate resins, butyral resins, polyamide resins, silicone resins, and asphalt emulsions.

  As extender pigments, talc, mica, barium sulfate, kaolin, calcium carbonate, clay, silica, quartz, alumina, magnesia, zeolite, calcia, aluminum hydroxide, glass, titanium white, barite powder, white carbon, bengara, carbon black Iron black, glass balloon, plastic balloon and the like.

  As metal soaps, lithium stearate, magnesium stearate, aluminum stearate, calcium stearate, strontium stearate, barium stearate, zinc stearate, calcium laurate, barium laurate, zinc laurate, barium 2-ethylhexanoate, Examples include zinc 2-ethylhexanoate, barium ricinoleate, and zinc ricinoleate.

  Examples of the surfactant include nonionic surfactants, anionic surfactants, cationic surfactants, and amphoteric surfactants. Nonionic surfactants include, for example, coconut oil fatty acid monoethanolamide, alkylolamides such as lauric acid diethanolamide, polyoxyalkylphenyl ethers such as polyoxyethylene alkylphenyl ether, and polyoxyethylene lauryl ether. Polyoxyethylene alkyl ethers, polyethylene glycol fatty acid esters such as polyethylene glycol distearate, sorbitan fatty acid esters such as sorbitan monocaprate, sorbitan monostearate, sorbitan distearate, polyoxy such as polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate Ethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester, polyoxyethylene sorbite fatty acid ester, polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene alkyl ether S, glycol ethers, and the like.

  Examples of the anionic surfactant include alkylbenzene sulfonates represented by sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, dialkylsulfosuccinate such as sodium di2-ethylhexylsulfosuccinate, sodium diisotridecylsulfosuccinate, and di (polyoxyethylene 2- Poly (ethylene hexyl ether) sodium sulfosuccinate, di (polyoxyethylene isotridecyl ether) sodium sulfosuccinate, etc. dipolyoxyethylene alkyl ether sulfosuccinate, polyoxyethylene lauryl ether sodium sulfate, polyoxyethylene myristyl ether sodium sulfate Oxyalkylene alkyl ether sulfate, sodium lauryl sulfate, higher alcohol sodium sulfate, lauryl sulfate triethanolamine Alkyl sulfates such as ammonium lauryl sulfate, potassium oleate, sodium oleate, etc. salts of fatty acids such as sodium partially hydrogenated tallow fatty acid.

  Examples of the cationic surfactant include alkyltrimethylammonium salts such as lauryltrimethylammonium chloride, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, stearyltrimethylammonium chloride, stearyldimethylbenzylammonium chloride, benzalkonium chloride, and lauryldimethylbenzylammonium chloride. Examples thereof include alkyldimethylbenzylammonium salts.

  Amphoteric surfactants include alkylbetaines such as coconut oil alkylbetaine, alkylamidobetaines such as lauryldimethylaminoacetic acid betaine, imidazolines such as Z-alkyl-N-carboxymethyl-N-hydroxyethyl imidazole betaine, Examples thereof include glycines such as polyoctyl polyaminoethyl glycine.

  Examples of the wax include paraffin wax, montan wax, carnauba wax, polyethylene wax, and polypropylene wax. These binders may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

The case where the agricultural and horticultural product used in the present invention is a plant will be described. Although the kind of plant used by this invention is not specifically limited, For example, the plant shown below is used.

(grain)
Rice, corn, barley, wheat, rye, oats, oats, oats, millet, millet, barnyard, etc., soybean, azuki bean, cowpea, kidney bean, rhododendron, lentil, groundnut, pea, broad bean, lentil, chickpea, buckwheat , Leguminous plants such as tartary buckwheat.

(Vegetable)
Fruit vegetables such as eggplant, pepino, tomato, capsicum, shrimp, pepper, pepper, pumpkin, zucchini, cucumber, loofah, okra, yugao, asparagus, garlic, bamboo shoot, leeks, spring onion, onion, etc. , Fruit vegetables such as watermelon, melon, and cucumber, broccoli, cauliflower, edible chrysanthemum, flower vegetables such as ginger, mustard, lettuce, cabbage, watercress, kale, komatsuna, shungiku, lingensai, seri, leek, rape, parsley, Chinese cabbage Leafy vegetables such as spinach, mizuna and honeybee, turnips such as turnip, Japanese radish, Japanese radish, horseradish, burdock, ginger, carrot, radish, lotus root, lily root, and other potatoes such as sweet potato, taro, potato, potato and yam.

(fruit)
Apple, pear, quince, almond, ginkgo, chestnut, walnut, apricot, ume, cherry, peach, plum, oyster, fig, kiwifruit, gummy, mulberry, cowberry, pomegranate, jujube, olive, loquat, bayberry, blueberry, raspberry , Citrus unshiu, Ponkan, Mandarin orange, Bungtan, Tangero, Seminole, Tankan, Iyokan, Natsumikan, Hassaku, Yuzu, Sudachi, Lemon, Lime, Citron, Grapefruit, Orange, Navel orange, Valencia orange, Bergamot.

(Flowers, plants)
Pansy, Daisy, Narcissus, Hyacinth, Carnation, Sakura, Peonies, Rhododendron, Geranium, Tulip, Sweetpea, Azalea, Nadesico, Clematis, Aquilegia, Gerbera, Calendula, Iris, Verbena, Dogwood, Rose, Fuji, Button, Beralconium, Margaret , Poppy, Yamabuki, Lilac, Hydrangea, Impatiens, Osiroybana, Collar, Oxalis, Gladiolus, Gardenia, Crape myrtle, Celosia, Salvia, Zinnia, Dahlia, Zephyrantas, Kinshibai, Osiroyana, Aster, Asagao, Deigo, Torenia, Nile , Sunflower, petunia, spinach, pine button, marigold, purple duckweed, lily, maple mallow, chrysanthemum Mokusei, Cosmos, Sasanka, Hagi, Murasakikib, Hagateto, Begonia, Saint Paulia, Orchid, Torenia, Phalaenopsis, Cymbidium, Kalanchoe, Erica, Gloriosa, Gloxinia, Cyclamen, Cinaria, Cactus cactus, Eustoma, Hibiscus, Hula paparia, Buena puri Lantana etc.

  What is necessary is just to mix | blend a ferrocyanide metal compound with the soil as a nutrient-nutrient holding body mixed system when using the composition for plant cultivation of this invention. The blending ratio is preferably 0.1 to 5 parts by mass of the metal ferrocyanide compound with respect to 100 parts by mass of the soil. The ferrocyanide compound can be used in a form bound to a binder as required, but is as described above.

  When used in this way, the ferrocyanide compound strongly adsorbs cesium adhering to the cultivation substrate, and in order to prevent the cesium from entering the biological system of agricultural and horticultural products such as mushrooms, Even if radioactive cesium is mixed in, the cesium contamination of the product can be prevented. Further, since the ferrocyanide compound does not adsorb nutrients, the supply of nutrients to agricultural and horticultural products is sufficiently ensured.

  Next, the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to examples. In the text, “%” is based on mass. Further, the present invention is not limited to these examples.

Example 1
(Oyster mushroom cultivation test)
(Medium preparation)
800 g of beech (Fagus crenata) sawdust, 200 g of rice bran, 5 g of lignin sulfonic acid, bituminous pigment (trade name: Miloli Blue 660 PA, A in the above ferrocyanide compound general formula is NH ₄ , M is Fe; Dainichi Seika Kogyo Co., Ltd. 2 g) was added and mixed well to prepare a composition for cultivation of mushrooms according to the present invention.

  1600 ml of 0.007% aqueous cesium nitrate solution (adjusted to neutrality) was added to the above composition for cultivation of oyster mushrooms and mixed well to prepare a cultivation medium. 300 g of this medium was placed in a 1000 ml beaker, and the spatula spatula part bent in an L shape was pressed against the surface of the medium to adjust the surface of the medium to be flat. Next, using a spatula, a hole having a diameter of about 1 cm was formed in the center of the medium surface. The medium-containing beaker thus prepared was subjected to an autoclave treatment at 121 ° C. and 1 atm for 45 minutes to sterilize the medium.

  One platinum loop of Pleurotus ostreatus inoculum was taken and planted at four locations on the surface of the sterilized medium, including the central hole. The conical beaker containing the medium inoculated with the inoculum as described above was continuously cultivated under conditions of a temperature of 25 ° C. and a relative humidity of 70%, and 12 hours of light and 12 hours of dark light conditions. On the 20th day after the start of cultivation, the mycelial mass grown and developed on the surface of the medium was removed using a spatula, and then only the temperature condition was changed to 16 ° C. to continue cultivation. Formation of fruit body primordium was confirmed on the 29th day of cultivation, and the fruit body grown on the 35th day of cultivation was harvested. For comparison, oyster mushroom fruit bodies cultivated in the same manner as described above except that the medium did not contain a bitumen pigment were harvested as a control.

  As a result of examining the cesium in the fruiting body grown using the product of the present invention and the control fruiting body harvested in this way, cesium was not detected only in the fruiting body cultivated using the product of the present invention. Thus, it was found that the product of the present invention effectively suppresses the migration of cesium to the fruit body.

Example 2
(Tokiirohiratake cultivation test)
The test was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the test bacteria were changed to Pleurotus salmoneostramineus, and cesium was not detected. It was also found that the present invention effectively suppresses the migration of cesium to the fruiting body for Tokiirotaketake.

Example 3
(Tamogi bamboo cultivation test)
Except for changing the test bacteria to Pleurotus cornucopiae, all tests were carried out in the same manner as in Example 1. As a result, cesium was not detected only in the fruit bodies cultivated using the product of the present invention. In addition, it was found that the present invention product effectively suppresses the migration of cesium to the fruiting body even with respect to Tamogitake.

Example 4
(Poinsettia cultivation test)
Add 4 g of bitumen pigment (trade name: Miloli Blue 660PA, A in the ferrocyanide compound general formula is NH ₄ , M is Fe; manufactured by Dainichi Seika Kogyo Co., Ltd.) to 1000 g of commercially available plant cultivation soil It mixed well and the composition for gardening product cultivation which is this invention product was created. A 0.007% aqueous cesium nitrate solution (adjusted to neutrality) was added to this composition and mixed well to prepare a cultivation medium having a moisture content of 20%. Poinsettia seedlings with a plant height of 8 cm were planted in No. 5 pot (diameter 14.5 cm, depth 14.5 cm) containing 600 g of the above culture medium, cultivation was started, and poinsettia plants were cut out on the 40th day after the planting. For comparison, a poinsettia plant cultivated in the same manner as described above except that the medium did not contain a bitumen pigment was cut out as a control.

  The poinsettia plant cultivated using the product of the present invention thus obtained and the cesium in the control plant were examined, and cesium was not detected because the poinsettia cultivated using the product of the present invention was detected. It was only a plant body, and it turned out that this invention product suppresses the transfer of the cesium to a poinsettia plant body effectively.

Example 5
(Broccoli cultivation test)
Add 4 g of bitumen pigment (trade name: Miloli Blue 660PA, A in the ferrocyanide compound general formula is NH ₄ , M is Fe; manufactured by Dainichi Seika Kogyo Co., Ltd.) to 1000 g of commercially available plant cultivation soil It mixed well and the composition for agricultural product cultivation which is this invention product was created.

Water was added to this composition and mixed well to prepare a cultivation medium having a water content of 20%. Broccoli seedlings were planted in a large pot (diameter 30 cm, depth 25 cm) containing the above-mentioned cultivation medium, and cultivation of broccoli was started. Then, on the 70th and 84th days of cultivation, 100 ml of 0.007% cesium nitrate aqueous solution (adjusted to neutrality) per pot was sprayed on the cultivation medium with rain dew. On the 100th day from the start of cultivation, broccoli grown at the end of eating was harvested. For comparison, broccoli grown in the same manner as above except that the medium did not contain a bitumen pigment was harvested as a control.
As a result of examining cesium in broccoli cultivated using the product of the present invention and the control broccoli thus harvested, it was only broccoli cultivated using the product of the present invention that cesium was not detected. It was found that the product of the present invention effectively suppresses the migration of cesium to broccoli.

  According to the present invention described above, in order to prevent the metal ferrocyanide compound from strongly adsorbing cesium adhering to the cultivation base material and preventing the cesium from entering the biological system of agricultural and horticultural products such as mushrooms, Even if radioactive cesium is mixed in the material, the cesium is not transferred to the agricultural or horticultural product as a product, and adverse effects on the radioactive cesium product can be avoided. Moreover, since the metal ferrocyanide compound does not adsorb nutrients, supply of nutrients to agricultural and horticultural products is sufficiently ensured. Therefore, the composition for cultivation of agricultural and horticultural products that can produce high quality agricultural and horticultural products without cesium contamination is provided.

Claims (8)

  A composition for cultivating agricultural and horticultural products comprising a ferrocyanide compound, a nutrient, and a nutrient holder as essential components.   The composition for cultivating agricultural and horticultural products according to claim 1, which is for mushroom cultivation.   The composition for cultivating agricultural and horticultural products according to claim 1, which is for plant cultivation.   The composition for cultivating agricultural and horticultural products according to claim 2, wherein the mushroom is a basidiomycete or mushroom fungus mushroom.   The composition for cultivation of agricultural and horticultural products according to claim 4, wherein the mushroom of the basidiomycete is a mushroom of the genus Pleurotus.   The composition for cultivating agricultural and horticultural products according to claim 5, wherein the mushroom of the genus Oleander is at least one selected from oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus), Pleurotus cornucopiae, and Pleurotus salmoneostramineus.   The manufacturing method of the composition for agricultural and horticultural product cultivation of any one of Claims 1-6.   The method of avoiding the transfer of cesium to agricultural and horticultural products using the composition for agricultural and horticultural products cultivation of any one of Claims 1-6.