JP2013183110A - Installation of photovoltaic generation device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method of installing a photovoltaic generation device capable of improving power generation efficiency without installing a snow melting device which consumes energy or an auxiliary facility which is affected by fallen snow, in order to solve the problem that, if a photovoltaic generation device is installed at an angle matching with the direction of the sun in a snowy region, power generation efficiency in winter season significantly drops because of low rate of fine weather in winter or fallen snow on a light receiving surface, with the photovoltaic generation device possible to be damaged under the weight of snow.SOLUTION: A light receiving surface of a photovoltaic generation device 1 is installed to be tilted frontward from a vertical plane. Thus, accumulation of snow on the light receiving surface is avoided, and the reflection/scattering light from snow accumulated surfaces around the installation point is positively utilized for power generation.

Description

  The present invention relates to a solar power generation apparatus installation tool in a snowy area.

  The present invention relates to an installation device for a photovoltaic power generation apparatus in a volcanic ash fall area.

  The present invention relates to a mechanism, a circuit, and software of an angle control system that supports a photovoltaic power generation apparatus.

The present invention relates to a plane coated with a photovoltaic power generation layer by coating construction.

  The general installation angle of a planar solar power generation device is that the direction is to the south, and the angle to the horizontal plane is the north latitude of the installation location (for example, approximately 35.7 ° in Tokyo, approximately 41 ° in Aomori Prefecture) Throughout the year, the efficiency of receiving sunlight is maximized. Furthermore, when importance is attached to the sunlight intensity in summer, the annual total power generation amount can be improved by setting the angle closer to horizontal (the angle obtained by subtracting 23.4 ° from the north latitude). In a general house, if it is installed on the surface of a roof, an angle in this range can be obtained. FIG. 2 shows these states.

  However, if it is installed at an angle within this range in a snowy area, snow will accumulate on the light-receiving surface of the photovoltaic power generation device during the snowy season, and power generation will not be possible. In addition, snowy areas generally have a low winter sunny rate, so it is difficult to obtain direct sunlight.

  On the other hand, when snow is melted by electric heat, the power generation amount is less than the consumption amount at a place where the fine weather rate is low. Also, a circuit for controlling it is required.

  In patent document 2, snowfall is avoided by installing a solar power generation device vertically.

  In Patent Document 1, the light receiving surface is inclined forward with respect to the vertical surface to avoid snow accumulation on the light receiving surface, and sunlight is guided to the light receiving surface by a reflecting mirror. The light receiving surface will face north. However, this method cannot avoid the snow on the reflector. Moreover, since the reflecting mirror is a curved surface, it is not easy to manufacture, and a land for installing the reflecting mirror is required separately. This state is shown in FIG.

  On the other hand, in an area where volcanic ash falls over the year, when the solar power generation apparatus is installed at an angle shown in the background art 0005, it cannot be easily removed if the volcanic ash contains moisture due to precipitation accumulated on the light receiving surface. Removal work is particularly difficult when installed in high places.

JP 2006-269523 A JP 2011-35356 A

  It is possible to avoid snowfall and ash fall on the light receiving surface of the solar power generator, and to use the reflected scattered light from the natural snow cover for power generation without using a separate structure other than the installation equipment of the solar power generator A solar power generation apparatus installation method is provided.

  The solar power generation device is installed so that the light receiving surface of the solar power generation device tilts forward in the range of more than 0 ° and not more than 90 ° with respect to the vertical plane. It is up to the user to make the installation tool a structure that can be changed to other angles.

  The height at which the light-receiving surface of the solar power generation device is installed is a height at which all or a part of the solar power generation device is exposed even when there is snow in the installation location.

A separate reflective surface is provided to replace the snow surface when there is no snow. However, it is not essential. The reflective surface includes either a scattering surface or a glossy surface.

  Snow on the light receiving surface can be eliminated. Therefore, it can be avoided that power generation becomes impossible due to snow accumulation. Apart from the solar power generation device and its installation equipment, no reflectors or other structures are used, so there is no snow on them, and nothing impedes the incidence of light on the light receiving surface.

  In most cases, the area occupied by the solar power generation device is smaller than that of a general installation shown in the background art 0002. It can also be installed using existing structures.

  By installing the light receiving surface forwardly, the reflected scattered light from the snow surface can be effectively guided to the light receiving surface. By determining the installation angle according to the terrain and the existing structure as the reflection surface, reflected and scattered light can be used for power generation in addition to the light from the sky, so power generation from a vertical surface (Patent Document 2) Expected to improve efficiency. Since the snow cover surface is an optically almost perfect reflection / scattering surface, it receives light rays from the entire surface extending in front of the light receiving surface. When the sky is not clear, the light source in the sky is not clear, but the snow-covered surface, which is a reflection / scattering surface, is very close to the light-receiving surface, so that it can receive stronger light. What is necessary is just to install in the angle which can produce electric power most according to the reflective surface which can be utilized regardless of a flat ground and an inclined surface.

  The surface used for the reflection is any snow surface in the natural state and does not require a separate structure, so it does not have to be the land managed by the user of the solar power generation device. For example, it is possible to install the light receiving surface at an optimum angle in order to use the reflected light of the snowy surface of the roof of a neighboring house. It is also possible to use reflected light from public land such as parks and roads.

Even when there is no snow, a normal ground or structure has a finite reflectance that is not zero, and can be used as a light reflecting surface. Concrete surfaces and gravel floors are particularly effective reflective surfaces. Moreover, if the existing structure is painted in a bright color, the reflected scattered light can be used more effectively. Even in this case, it is cheaper than installing a separate structure.

It is the figure which showed the outline of this invention from the side. Indicates the snow cover. It is the figure which showed the installation angle of the common solar power generation device from the side. It is the figure which showed the outline of the snow-covered state of patent document 2. It is the figure which showed the Example of the time without snow accumulation of this invention.

  What characterizes the present invention most is an installation device for a photovoltaic power generation apparatus. That is, it is an instrument that can be installed so that the light receiving surface is inclined forward. However, even in a conventional general installation not according to the present invention, some kind of installation tool is necessary. Therefore, no special technique is required to manufacture the installation tool for the present invention. The photovoltaic power generation apparatus of the code | symbol 1 can use the product generally distribute | circulated.

  Depending on the season and time, it is fully conceivable that the power generation efficiency is maximized by directing the light-receiving surface against direct sunlight from the sun. Therefore, in the case of an installation tool that can select the angle of the light receiving surface in stages, it is preferable that the structure be easily changed by the user.

  In the installation tool for controlling the angle of the light receiving surface, the present invention can be implemented by providing a light amount detection and drive range outside the range of the sun trajectory, particularly in the depression range from the horizontal plane.

  In order to obtain a reflective surface that can replace the snow surface in the absence of snow, there are methods such as placing the ground in concrete, laying white gravel, and painting the structure in a bright color such as white or silver.

  FIG. 4 shows an embodiment of the present invention in summer. When the solar power generation device is not exposed to direct sunlight, the power generation efficiency is improved by providing an optional reflector 3. Since it is used as an alternative to the snow cover surface, there is no problem even if snow adheres to the surface of the reflector in winter. The difference from Patent Document 1 is that direct sunlight can be used and the distance between the reflector and the light receiving surface. Since the solar altitude is low in winter and the shaded range produced by the photovoltaic power generation apparatus is long, the reflecting surface in Patent Document 1 must be installed further away.

  Even in snowy areas where the clear sky rate is low, year-round power generation is possible.

  Even in places where a large land area cannot be obtained, it is possible to generate power by installing a solar power generation device. It can also be installed using existing structures such as walls and fences.

  Since it does not require snow removal for the entire photovoltaic power generation apparatus, it is possible to generate power by installing the photovoltaic power generation apparatus in a place where entry is difficult.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Solar power generation device or the plane which apply | coated the solar power generation layer 2 Installation apparatus of solar power generation device 3 Reflector

  In most cases, the area occupied by the land required for the solar power generation apparatus is smaller than that of a general installation shown in the background art 0002. It can also be installed using existing structures.

Claims (2)

  Install the solar power generation device to generate electricity so that the light receiving surface of the solar power generation device tilts forward at any angle within the range of more than 0 ° and not more than 90 ° with respect to the vertical plane.   The installation tool of the solar power generation device which can obtain the installation angle of Claim 1. Including those that can be changed to other angles. Also included are those whose angle is controlled by a driving device. The case where it was impossible to obtain the installation angle according to claim 1 was modified to be possible. Includes software modifications.

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