JP2013178955A - Battery pack - Google Patents

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JP2013178955A
JP2013178955A JP2012042234A JP2012042234A JP2013178955A JP 2013178955 A JP2013178955 A JP 2013178955A JP 2012042234 A JP2012042234 A JP 2012042234A JP 2012042234 A JP2012042234 A JP 2012042234A JP 2013178955 A JP2013178955 A JP 2013178955A
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battery
positive electrode
metal member
battery cell
terminal
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JP5803742B2 (en
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Yuji Yamazaki
裕司 山崎
Masato Komatsuki
正人 駒月
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Toyota Motor Corp
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a technique which does not impair the sealability of battery cells when immersing a battery pack in a conductive solution so as to perform discharging.SOLUTION: A battery pack is obtained by connecting a plurality of battery cells. A metal member made of metal having a standard electrode potential which is lower than a standard positive electrode potential is fitted to an external terminal serving as a total plus electrode. The invention can suppress the elution of battery cell components by causing oxidation preferentially on the metal member fitted to the total plus electrode. This ensures the sealability of the battery cells.

Description

本発明は、電池セルを複数接続することによって構成される組電池に関する。   The present invention relates to an assembled battery configured by connecting a plurality of battery cells.

従来、バスバーを用いて電池セルを直列に接続することにより構成される組電池の技術が種々提案されている（特許文献１等）。
組電池は、大容量の二次電池として車両等に広く用いられている。一方、組電池の使用時に制御不良等の異常が生じた場合、組電池を搭載した車両が事故を起こした場合等に、組電池の内部に電位が残ったまま使用不能な状態となる。このような場合に、組電池の安全性を考慮して、塩水に浸して残留電位を放電させる液絡手法が採用されている。 Conventionally, various assembled battery technologies configured by connecting battery cells in series using a bus bar have been proposed (Patent Document 1, etc.).
The assembled battery is widely used in vehicles and the like as a large-capacity secondary battery. On the other hand, when an abnormality such as control failure occurs when the assembled battery is used, or when a vehicle equipped with the assembled battery causes an accident, the battery remains in an unusable state with the potential remaining inside. In such a case, in consideration of the safety of the assembled battery, a liquid junction method is adopted in which the residual potential is discharged by immersing in salt water.

特開２０１１−６０５５６号公報JP 2011-60556 A

液絡の際、水溶液に浸すことによって電池セルの構成部品が酸化して液中に溶出し、電池セルの密閉性が損なわれることがある。このような酸化現象は、組電池の中でも最終的に電位が残る総プラスの電極端子付近で顕著に現れることが分かっている。
本発明は、組電池を導電性を有する溶液に浸して放電させる際に、電池セルの密閉性を損なわない技術を提供する。 At the time of liquid junction, the battery cell components may be oxidized by being immersed in an aqueous solution and eluted into the liquid, thereby impairing the sealing performance of the battery cell. It has been found that such an oxidation phenomenon appears remarkably in the vicinity of the total positive electrode terminal where the potential finally remains in the assembled battery.
The present invention provides a technique that does not impair the hermeticity of battery cells when an assembled battery is immersed in a conductive solution for discharge.

本発明の組電池は、複数の電池セルを接続することによって得られるものであり、総プラス電極にあたる外部端子に、正極標準電位よりも低い標準電極電位を有する金属によって構成される金属部材を取り付ける。   The assembled battery of the present invention is obtained by connecting a plurality of battery cells, and a metal member made of a metal having a standard electrode potential lower than the positive electrode standard potential is attached to the external terminal corresponding to the total positive electrode. .

本発明の一実施形態において、前記金属部材は、前記総プラス電極を有する電池セルに対して別部材として設けられる。   In one embodiment of the present invention, the metal member is provided as a separate member with respect to the battery cell having the total positive electrode.

前記金属部材は、前記総プラス電極に接続される外部機器の接続端子よりも外側に配置されることが好ましい。   It is preferable that the metal member is disposed outside a connection terminal of an external device connected to the total positive electrode.

本発明の他の実施形態において、前記金属部材は、前記総プラス電極を有する電池セルにおいて、当該電池セルの構成部品の一部を他の電池セルに比して多量に配することによって得られる。   In another embodiment of the present invention, the metal member is obtained by arranging a part of the components of the battery cell in a larger amount than the other battery cells in the battery cell having the total positive electrode. .

本発明によれば、総プラス電極に取り付けられる金属部材上で優先的に酸化反応を発生させることにより、電池セルの構成部品の溶出を抑制することができる。これにより、電池セルの密閉性を確保できる。   According to the present invention, elution of the constituent parts of the battery cell can be suppressed by preferentially generating an oxidation reaction on the metal member attached to the total positive electrode. Thereby, the sealing property of a battery cell is securable.

組電池の概略図である。It is the schematic of an assembled battery. 電池セルの構成を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the structure of a battery cell. 組電池の総プラス電極を示す拡大図である。It is an enlarged view which shows the total positive electrode of an assembled battery.

図１に示すように、組電池１は、複数の電池セル１０を配列し、バスバー２０及びナット２１を用いて隣接する電池セル１０を直列に接続することによって得られる。電池セル１０は、例えばリチウムイオン二次電池等の非水電解質二次電池である。
バスバー２０は、鉄、銅等の金属製の平板部材であり、電極端子間の接続部材として一般的に用いられるものである。ナット２１は、亜鉛メッキが施された鉄製のナット等、締結具として一般的に用いられるナットである。 As shown in FIG. 1, the assembled battery 1 is obtained by arranging a plurality of battery cells 10 and connecting adjacent battery cells 10 in series using a bus bar 20 and a nut 21. The battery cell 10 is a nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery such as a lithium ion secondary battery.
The bus bar 20 is a flat plate member made of metal such as iron or copper, and is generally used as a connection member between electrode terminals. The nut 21 is a nut generally used as a fastener, such as an iron nut galvanized.

組電池１では、バスバー２０によって接続される電池セル１０のうち、一端に配置され、正極側にバスバー２０が接続されていない電池セル１０の正極端子を総プラス電極３０として使用し、他端に配置され、負極側にバスバー２０が接続されていない電池セル１０の負極端子を総マイナス電極３１として使用する。
総プラス電極３０及び総マイナス電極３１には、それぞれナット２１を用いて外部機器の接続端子３２が接続される。この際、総プラス電極３０及び総マイナス電極３１には、組電池１の電圧を検出するための電圧検出端子３３が接続端子３２よりも外側に取り付けられる。 In the battery pack 1, the positive electrode terminal of the battery cell 10 that is arranged at one end of the battery cells 10 connected by the bus bar 20 and is not connected to the positive electrode side is used as the total positive electrode 30, and the other end is used. The negative terminal of the battery cell 10 that is arranged and not connected to the bus bar 20 on the negative electrode side is used as the total negative electrode 31.
A connection terminal 32 of an external device is connected to each of the total positive electrode 30 and the total negative electrode 31 using the nut 21. At this time, a voltage detection terminal 33 for detecting the voltage of the assembled battery 1 is attached to the total positive electrode 30 and the total negative electrode 31 outside the connection terminal 32.

図２に示すように、電池セル１０は、ケース１１内に充放電要素となる電極体１２を収納し、電極体１２に非水電解質を含浸させることによって、繰り返し充放電可能な二次電池として構成される。ケース１１は、アルミニウム、鉄等の金属製の筐体である。
ケース１１の外方には、外部接続用の外部端子１３が突出して設けられる。各外部端子１３は、ガスケット１４を介して絶縁された状態でケース１１に固定される。また、正極側及び負極側の外部端子１３は、それぞれ正極集電端子１５及び負極集電端子１６によって電極体１２と接続されている。集電端子１５・１６も同様にガスケット１４を介してケース１１に対して絶縁された状態で固定される。集電端子１５・１６は、一部が外部端子１３を貫通してケース１１の外方に突出した状態でかしめられることにより、ガスケット１４に圧縮力を付与しつつ外部端子１３及びケース１１に固定されている。
正極集電端子１５と接続される正極側の外部端子１３は電池セル１０の正極端子となり、負極集電端子１６と接続される負極側の外部端子１３は電池セル１０の負極端子となる。 As shown in FIG. 2, the battery cell 10 is a secondary battery that can be repeatedly charged and discharged by housing an electrode body 12 serving as a charge / discharge element in a case 11 and impregnating the electrode body 12 with a nonaqueous electrolyte. Composed. The case 11 is a housing made of metal such as aluminum or iron.
An external terminal 13 for external connection projects from the outside of the case 11. Each external terminal 13 is fixed to the case 11 in an insulated state through a gasket 14. The external terminals 13 on the positive electrode side and the negative electrode side are connected to the electrode body 12 by a positive electrode current collector terminal 15 and a negative electrode current collector terminal 16, respectively. Similarly, the current collecting terminals 15 and 16 are fixed in an insulated state with respect to the case 11 via the gasket 14. The current collecting terminals 15 and 16 are fixed to the external terminal 13 and the case 11 while applying a compressive force to the gasket 14 by being caulked in a state where a part of the current collecting terminals 15 and 16 protrudes outward from the case 11 through the external terminal 13. Has been.
The positive external terminal 13 connected to the positive current collecting terminal 15 becomes the positive terminal of the battery cell 10, and the negative external terminal 13 connected to the negative current collecting terminal 16 becomes the negative terminal of the battery cell 10.

外部端子１３は、外部接続時にナット２１と締結可能なボルト部１３ａと、集電端子１５・１６と接続される端子部１３ｂとによって構成されている。
ボルト部１３ａは、亜鉛メッキが施された鉄製のボルトのおねじ部によって構成されており、その頭部はガスケット１４内に埋め込まれている。端子部１３ｂは、アルミニウム、銅、鉄等の高い導電性を有する金属製の部材であり、平板を側面視略Ｚ状に屈曲させた形状を有する。 The external terminal 13 includes a bolt part 13 a that can be fastened to the nut 21 during external connection, and a terminal part 13 b that is connected to the current collecting terminals 15 and 16.
The bolt portion 13 a is configured by a male screw portion of an iron bolt that has been galvanized, and the head portion is embedded in the gasket 14. The terminal portion 13b is a metal member having high conductivity such as aluminum, copper, or iron, and has a shape obtained by bending a flat plate into a substantially Z shape in a side view.

図３に示すように、組電池１の総プラス電極３０において、外部端子１３に対して、外部機器の接続端子３２、及び、組電池１の電圧検出用の電圧検出端子３３に加えて、金属部材４０がナット２１を用いて取り付けられる。つまり、組電池１の中で、総プラス電極３０を有する電池セル１０のみに金属部材４０が別部材として設けられる。
金属部材４０は、板状又は箔状の金属製の部材であり、外部端子１３から側方に向けて突出するように取り付けられている。金属部材４０は、電池セル１０の正極標準電位よりも低い標準電極電位を有する金属によって構成されている。
電池セル１０をリチウムイオン二次電池とした場合、金属部材４０の材料としては、標準電極電位が正極標準電位（０〜１ＶｖｓＳＨＥ）よりも小さい値の金属、具体的には、鉄、亜鉛、マンガン、チタン、アルミニウム、マグネシウム等の金属、つまり標準電極電位が正極標準電位の最低値であるゼロよりも小さい金属を採用できる。 As shown in FIG. 3, in the total positive electrode 30 of the assembled battery 1, a metal in addition to the connection terminal 32 of the external device and the voltage detection terminal 33 for voltage detection of the assembled battery 1 with respect to the external terminal 13 The member 40 is attached using the nut 21. That is, the metal member 40 is provided as a separate member only in the battery cell 10 having the total positive electrode 30 in the assembled battery 1.
The metal member 40 is a plate-like or foil-like metal member, and is attached so as to protrude from the external terminal 13 toward the side. The metal member 40 is made of a metal having a standard electrode potential lower than the positive electrode standard potential of the battery cell 10.
When the battery cell 10 is a lithium ion secondary battery, the material of the metal member 40 is a metal whose standard electrode potential is smaller than the positive electrode standard potential (0 to 1 V vs SHE), specifically iron, zinc, manganese. Metals such as titanium, aluminum and magnesium, that is, metals whose standard electrode potential is smaller than zero, which is the minimum value of the positive electrode standard potential, can be used.

以上のように、組電池１の総プラス電極３０に、正極標準電位よりも低い標準電極電位の材料によって構成される金属部材４０を配置することによって、組電池１に電位が残った状態で塩水等の導電性を有する溶液に浸す際、金属部材４０を正極電位が残った部位に対して優先的に酸化させることができる。
これにより、電池セル１０を構成する各部品の酸化反応を抑制することができ、その溶出量を抑えることができる。従って、総プラス電極３０に金属部材４０を付設することによって、組電池１を水溶液に浸した際の電池セル１０の密閉性を確保できる。 As described above, by disposing the metal member 40 made of a material having a standard electrode potential lower than the positive electrode standard potential on the total positive electrode 30 of the assembled battery 1, salt water is left in a state where the potential remains in the assembled battery 1. When immersed in a solution having conductivity such as, the metal member 40 can be preferentially oxidized with respect to the portion where the positive electrode potential remains.
Thereby, the oxidation reaction of each part which comprises the battery cell 10 can be suppressed, and the elution amount can be suppressed. Therefore, by attaching the metal member 40 to the total positive electrode 30, the sealing property of the battery cell 10 when the assembled battery 1 is immersed in the aqueous solution can be secured.

また、組電池１は、同一構成の電池セル１０を複数配列したものであり、かつ、金属部材４０は組電池１全体に対して、総プラス電極３０を有する電池セル１０のみに配置されるため、組電池１の総電圧等、電池性能に大きな影響を及ぼすことがない。つまり、本実施形態のように、各電池セル１０の構成を変更せずに、特定の電池セル１０のみに金属部材４０を配置する組電池１は、全体として電圧制御が容易であるという利点を有する。   In addition, the assembled battery 1 is formed by arranging a plurality of battery cells 10 having the same configuration, and the metal member 40 is disposed only in the battery cell 10 having the total positive electrode 30 with respect to the entire assembled battery 1. The battery performance such as the total voltage of the assembled battery 1 is not greatly affected. That is, as in the present embodiment, the assembled battery 1 in which the metal member 40 is disposed only in the specific battery cell 10 without changing the configuration of each battery cell 10 has an advantage that voltage control is easy as a whole. Have.

さらに、図３に示すように、金属部材４０は、総プラス電極３０において、接続端子３２及び電圧検出端子３３よりも外側に配置されている。つまり、総プラス電極３０の外部端子１３には、端子部１３ｂ側から先端側へ向かって、接続端子３２、電圧検出端子３３、及び金属部材４０が順に取り付けられている。
このように、金属部材４０を組電池１の主な電流経路の外側に配置することにより、組電池１の電圧に与える影響を最小限にできる。 Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 3, the metal member 40 is disposed outside the connection terminal 32 and the voltage detection terminal 33 in the total positive electrode 30. That is, the connection terminal 32, the voltage detection terminal 33, and the metal member 40 are attached to the external terminals 13 of the total positive electrode 30 in order from the terminal portion 13 b side to the distal end side.
As described above, by arranging the metal member 40 outside the main current path of the assembled battery 1, the influence on the voltage of the assembled battery 1 can be minimized.

総プラス電極３０を有する電池セル１０の構成部品の一部を増量させて、他の電池セル１０に比して多量に配することによって、上述の実施形態の金属部材４０と同様の金属部材を得る構成としても良い。
総プラス電極３０を有する電池セル１０の構成部品を増加させる例としては、外部端子１３の端子部１３ｂの厚みを他の電池セル１０よりも大きくすること、ボルト部１３ａの長さを大きくすること等が挙げられる。このように、電池セル１０の一部として金属部材を含むことによって、組電池１を組み立てる際の作業性に影響を与えないという効果を奏する。 By increasing a part of the components of the battery cell 10 having the total positive electrode 30 and arranging a larger amount than the other battery cells 10, a metal member similar to the metal member 40 of the above-described embodiment can be obtained. It is good also as a structure to obtain.
As an example of increasing the number of components of the battery cell 10 having the total positive electrode 30, the thickness of the terminal portion 13b of the external terminal 13 is made larger than that of the other battery cell 10, and the length of the bolt portion 13a is increased. Etc. Thus, by including a metal member as a part of the battery cell 10, there is an effect that the workability when assembling the assembled battery 1 is not affected.

１：組電池、１０：電池セル、１１：ケース、１２：電極体、１３：外部端子、１３ａ：ボルト部、１３ｂ：端子部、１４：ガスケット、１５：正極集電端子、２１：ナット、３０：総プラス電極、３２：接続端子、３３：電圧検出端子、４０：金属部材   1: assembled battery, 10: battery cell, 11: case, 12: electrode body, 13: external terminal, 13a: bolt part, 13b: terminal part, 14: gasket, 15: positive current collecting terminal, 21: nut, 30 : Total positive electrode, 32: Connection terminal, 33: Voltage detection terminal, 40: Metal member

Claims (4)

複数の電池セルを接続することによって得られる組電池であって、
総プラス電極にあたる外部端子に、正極標準電位よりも低い標準電極電位を有する金属によって構成される金属部材を取り付けることを特徴とする組電池。 An assembled battery obtained by connecting a plurality of battery cells,
A battery assembly comprising a metal member made of a metal having a standard electrode potential lower than a positive electrode standard potential attached to an external terminal corresponding to a total positive electrode. 前記金属部材は、前記総プラス電極を有する電池セルに対して別部材として設けられる請求項１に記載の組電池。   The assembled battery according to claim 1, wherein the metal member is provided as a separate member with respect to the battery cell having the total positive electrode. 前記金属部材は、前記総プラス電極に接続される外部機器の接続端子よりも外側に配置される請求項１又は２に記載の組電池。   The assembled battery according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the metal member is disposed outside a connection terminal of an external device connected to the total positive electrode. 前記金属部材は、前記総プラス電極を有する電池セルにおいて、当該電池セルの構成部品の一部を他の電池セルに比して多量に配することによって得られる請求項１に記載の組電池。   2. The assembled battery according to claim 1, wherein the metal member is obtained by arranging a part of the components of the battery cell in a larger amount than the other battery cells in the battery cell having the total positive electrode.
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JP2014007080A (en) * 2012-06-25 2014-01-16 Mitsubishi Motors Corp Battery unit

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JPH11195434A (en) * 1997-10-07 1999-07-21 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery
JP2003036825A (en) * 2001-05-18 2003-02-07 Toyota Central Res & Dev Lab Inc Nonaqueous electrolyte solution battery

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH11195434A (en) * 1997-10-07 1999-07-21 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery
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