JP2013178025A - Combustion device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a combustion device capable of efficiently combusting even fuel hard to be burnt.SOLUTION: A boiler device 1 is configured such that an intake device performs suction from a bottom surface of a combustion chamber 3, thereby supplying combustion air to bamboo chips filled into the combustion chamber 3 to burn the bamboo chips. In the boiler device 1, a hollow conical projecting member 33 having a side surface formed into a slope 33a by a tapered shape is provided on a fire grate 31 on the bottom surface of the combustion chamber 3. In the projecting member 33, vent holes 33b are formed only on a lower part of the slope 33a, and air by suction of the intake device pass through the vent holes 33b. Also, a peripheral wall 32 of the combustion chamber 3 has vent holes 32, and the vent holes 32 are formed on a position higher than the position the vent holes 33b of the projecting member 33 are formed.

Description

  The present invention relates to a combustion apparatus that can use chip fuel made of a non-combustible material such as wood chip and bamboo chip as fuel.

Boiler devices such as hot water boilers and hot air boilers, which are examples of combustion devices, use a burner to burn a heat medium such as water or air, and heat wood chips, bamboo chips, sawdust, etc. as fuel. ing.
For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a combustion chamber in which a porous, generally cylindrical body called a rooster (grate) is placed on an upper portion of a perforated plate, and sawdust is piled on the rooster. A heat exchange pipe is connected in communication with the combustion chamber to be combusted and a suction device is connected to the heat exchange pipe, while a blower fan is disposed opposite the heat exchange pipe and directed from the blower fan to the heat exchange pipe. A warm air generator is described in which the air is blown and the hot air is ejected from the air duct. In this hot air generator, since sawdust is used as fuel, the fuel cost can be kept low and the running cost can be reduced.

Utility Model Registration No. 3146596

  However, in the hot air generator described in Patent Document 1, although the fuel above the rooster burns and becomes incinerated ash and falls from the rooster, the upper surface of the rooster is a flat surface having the same contour shape as the bottom surface. For this reason, the incinerated ash that has not dropped may deteriorate the ventilation, and fuel may accumulate on the incinerated ash. If the fuel is sawdust, it will burn easily, but if it is difficult to burn, such as bamboo chips, it will be more prominent. If this happens, the fuel accumulates in a mountain with the top of the rooster as the top, so the sensor detects the accumulated fuel, but the fuel must be replenished, but the fuel is not replenished. .

  Moreover, since the vent hole is formed in the whole rooster, intake air is disperse | distributed. Therefore, there is a risk that the fuel near the lower part of the lower part of the rooster that is most difficult to burn due to the accumulation of fuel will remain unburned.

  Then, an object of this invention is to provide the combustion apparatus which can be burned efficiently even if it is a fuel which is hard to burn.

  The present invention is a combustion apparatus that burns the chip fuel by supplying air for combustion to the chip fuel filled in the combustion chamber by suction from the bottom surface of the combustion chamber. On the bottom surface of the combustion chamber, a hollow projecting member having a tapered side surface formed by a tapered shape is provided, and the projecting member is provided with air by suction of the intake device only at a lower portion of the inclined surface. It is characterized in that a vent hole through which the gas passes is formed.

  According to the combustion device of the present invention, outside air is sucked into the combustion chamber by the intake device, and air for combustion is supplied to the chip fuel. The tip fuel stacks up to the bottom of the combustion chamber to make it most difficult to burn.However, a projecting member is formed on the bottom of the combustion chamber. Since it is provided, air is supplied by suction through the vent hole on the inclined surface, so even chip fuel located around the lower portion of the projecting member can be burned. Further, since the vent hole of the projecting member is formed only at the lower part of the inclined surface of the projecting member, the bamboo chips around the lower part of the inclined surface can be burned without the air flow caused by suction being dispersed. it can. When chip fuel around the lower part of the projecting member burns, bamboo chips near the upper part of the projecting member are distributed and supplied around the lower part of the projecting member along the inclined surface of the projecting member. Can continue.

  When the projecting body is formed in a conical shape, the inclined surface becomes a gentle arc surface, so that the chip fuel can be evenly distributed around the lower portion.

It is desirable that the peripheral hole of the combustion chamber is formed with a vent hole up to a range higher than the height of the range where the vent hole of the protruding member is formed.
Since the air sucked from the vent hole of the projecting member mainly flows from the vent hole of the peripheral wall, not from the upper part of the stacked bamboo chip, the bamboo chip around the lower part of the inclined surface can be effectively burned. .

In the combustion chamber, it is detected that the chip fuel supplied from the fuel input device is stacked in the combustion chamber and becomes bulkier than the protruding member, and the supply of the chip fuel from the fuel input device is stopped. A sensor device is preferably provided.
Since chip fuel is supplied until the projecting member is hidden, the bamboo chips located near the upper part of the projecting member can be distributed around the lower part of the projecting member that has been effectively burned.

  The combustion apparatus of the present invention can burn bamboo chips around the lower part of the projecting member by the air flow by suction from the vent hole of the projecting member even when the chip fuel is stacked. Even if it exists, it can be made to burn efficiently.

It is a schematic structure figure of a boiler device concerning an embodiment of the invention. It is sectional drawing of the boiler main body of the boiler apparatus shown in FIG. It is sectional drawing of the combustion chamber of the boiler apparatus shown in FIG. 1, (A) is a figure for demonstrating the flow of air, (B) is a figure for demonstrating combustion of a bamboo chip | tip.

  A boiler apparatus will be described as an example of a combustion apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention with reference to the drawings. As shown in FIG. 1, the boiler device 1 functions as a hot water boiler using bamboo chips supplied by the fuel input device F as chip fuel. The hot water heated by the boiler device 1 can circulate between the heat dissipation device R and heat the surroundings of the heat dissipation device R.

The boiler device 1 includes a boiler body 2, a combustion chamber 3, an intake device 4, a water supply device 5, and a sensor device 6.
As shown in FIG. 2, the boiler body 2 is formed with a rectangular recess 22 in a plan view for arranging the cylindrical combustion chamber 3 on the upper part of a rectangular parallelepiped casing 21. The recess 22 is formed such that one side is larger than the diameter of the combustion chamber 3 and the depth is shallower than the combustion chamber 3. A substantially S-shaped exhaust pipe 23 is connected to the lower portion of the combustion chamber 3 as a pipe having a reduced diameter pipe 23a as one end. An incineration ash case 24 is provided below the reduced diameter tube 23a to collect the ash of burned bamboo chips. The incineration ash case 24 is used to collect the incineration ash by grasping and pulling the handle.

  Around the exhaust pipe 23, a water storage section 25 is formed in which water stored by heat exchange becomes warm water. A water supply pipe 26 through which water is supplied to the water storage unit 25 is provided at the upper part of the housing 21 on the combustion chamber 3 side. The water storage section 25 opposite to the combustion chamber 3 side is provided with a hot water outlet pipe 27 connected to a pipe to the heat radiating device R (see FIG. 1).

On the bottom surface of the combustion chamber 3, there is formed a grate 31 for carrying the fuel while allowing it to vent and dropping the incinerated ash. In the combustion chamber 3, a vent hole 32 a is formed on the entire circumferential surface below the peripheral wall 32.
On the bottom surface of the combustion chamber 3, a hollow projecting member 33 having a side surface formed into an inclined surface 33 a with a tapered shape and an open bottom surface is disposed. In the present embodiment, it is formed in a conical shape. The protruding member 33 has a vent hole 33b formed only at the lower portion of the inclined surface 33a. The range of the vent hole 33 b formed in the projecting member 33 is lower than the range of the vent hole 32 a formed in the peripheral wall 32 of the combustion chamber 3.

  The intake device 4 shown in FIG. 1 is a blower that sends air toward the outside provided at the tip of an exhaust pipe 23 on the side opposite to the combustion chamber 3. The water supply device 5 is a water supply pump that circulates water in a circulation path formed by a pipe between the heat dissipation device R and the water storage unit 25.

  The sensor device 6 shown in FIG. 2 detects the supply amount of bamboo chips in the combustion chamber 3. The sensor device 6 includes a rotor blade 61, a motor 62 that rotates the rotor blade 61, and a control unit (not shown) that detects the rotation stop of the motor 62 and stops the supply of bamboo chips by the fuel input device F. I have. The rotary blade 61 is located above the projecting member 33, and is provided at a position where the rotation stops when the projecting member 33 is hidden by the bamboo chip.

The operation and use state of the boiler apparatus 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention configured as described above will be described with reference to the drawings.
When the boiler device 1 is operated, the motor 62 is rotated and the bamboo chip is filled into the combustion chamber 3 by the fuel input device F. Bamboo chips pile up in the combustion chamber 3 and become so bulky as to impede the rotation of the rotor blades 61. When the rotation stops, the rotation of the motor 62 stops. The control means that detects this rotation stop stops the fuel supply by the fuel injection device F. When the bamboo chip fills the combustion chamber 3, the upper part of the stacked bamboo chip is ignited. Then, the intake device 4 starts suction, and the water supply device 5 starts water supply.

  Outside air is sucked into the combustion chamber 3 by the intake device 4. The sucked air flows from the upper part of the combustion chamber 3 filled with bamboo chips and from the vent holes 32a provided in the peripheral wall 32 to the grate 31. Moreover, it is attracted | sucked to the ventilation hole 33b of the protruding member 33, and flows into the grate 31 (refer FIG. 3 (A)).

  Since the bamboo chip is burned and reduced in volume by the air flow, the rotor blade 61 starts to rotate again. When the motor 62 starts to rotate, the control means resumes the fuel supply by the fuel injection device F.

  Since the bamboo chips are replenished from above, the bamboo chips burning in the combustion chamber 3 are under the bamboo chips that are gradually stacked by the replenishment. As shown in FIG. 3 (B), the lower periphery S of the projecting member 33 is the place where the bamboo chips are stacked most, but due to the flow of air by suction to the vent holes 33b formed in the projecting member 33. Bamboo chips can be burned at high temperatures. When bamboo chips located around the lower periphery S of the projecting member 33 are burned and reduced in volume, the bamboo chips stacked along the inclined surface 33a of the projecting member 33 slide down the inclined surface so that the bamboo chips stacked on the inclined surface 33a. Move to surrounding S and start burning. Since the top of the projecting member 33 is formed in a pointed shape with no flat surface, the bamboo chip located above the projecting member 33 is burned around the lower periphery S of the projecting member 33. Can be distributed evenly.

  In the present embodiment, the projecting member 33 is formed in a conical shape, but even if it is a pyramid shape, the bamboo chip located near the upper part is moved to the burned lower periphery S so as to slide down the inclined surface. Can do. However, if the projecting member has a pyramid shape, each side connecting the top vertex and each point on the bottom surface may interfere with the sliding of the bamboo chip, so that the projecting member 33 has a conical shape. Since the inclined surface 33a can be a gentle arc surface, it is desirable because the bamboo chips can be distributed evenly.

  When the bamboo chip is stacked on the combustion chamber 3 and becomes bulkier than the protruding member 33, the rotation blade 61 of the sensor device 6 is interrupted by the bamboo chip and stops rotating. Therefore, the bamboo chips are supplied until the projecting member 33 is hidden, so that the bamboo chips located near the upper part of the projecting member 33 can be distributed to the lower periphery S of the projecting member 33 that has been effectively burned. Further, when the bamboo chips are distributed around the protruding members 33 and the bulk of the bamboo chips is reduced, the rotor blade 61 starts to rotate immediately and the bamboo chips are supplied. It can be burned without extinction.

  The incinerated ash from which the bamboo chips are burned falls down the reduced diameter tube 23 a from the grate 31 and is stored in the incinerated ash case 24.

  Air that has become warm air due to the burning of the bamboo chips is exhausted through the exhaust pipe 23 by the intake device 4. The hot water in the water storage unit 25 heated by the exhaust pipe 23 flows from the water storage unit 25 through the hot water discharge pipe 27 to the heat radiating device R by the water supply device 5. In the heat radiating device R, the hot water is cooled by heating the surroundings by heat exchange. And since the cooled warm water returns to the water storage part 25 from the water supply pipe 26 through the water supply apparatus 5 from the thermal radiation apparatus R, it can be heated again and can be made warm water.

  Bamboo can be used as a fertilizer if it has a short life, such as a young bamboo or a parent bamboo. Even if old bamboo is chipped, it is difficult to burn. However, even if bamboo chips that are difficult to burn gradually accumulate due to replenishment from the fuel input device F, the bamboo chips around the lower periphery S of the projecting member 33 are caused by the flow of air from the vent holes 33b of the projecting member 33. It can be burned efficiently at high temperatures. Therefore, the boiler device 1 is an environment-friendly combustion device because the old bamboo that must be discarded can be used as fuel for obtaining warm water and warm air.

  The vent hole 33 b of the projecting member 33 is formed only in the lower part of the inclined surface 33 a of the projecting member 33. For example, if a vent hole is formed in the entire inclined surface 33a, the air flow by suction is dispersed. Since the upper part of the inclined surface 33a is close to the upper part of the stacked bamboo chips, if the vent hole is provided in the upper part, suction acts more strongly, so that the bamboo chip located at the upper part of the inclined surface 33a is easier to burn. Thus, there is a risk that the bamboo chip at the most incombustible position in the lower periphery S of the inclined surface 33a may remain unburned. The intake device 4 may have a high output, but in that case, the combustion of the bamboo chip on the upper portion of the inclined surface 33a further proceeds. Therefore, it is desirable to provide the vent hole 33b only in the lower part of the inclined surface 33a of the protruding member 33.

  When the bamboo chips around the lower part S of the projecting member 33 burn, the bamboo chips near the upper part of the projecting member 33 are successively supplied to the lower periphery S of the projecting member 33 along the inclined surface 33a of the projecting member 33. Thus, since the combustion is continued, it is possible to prevent the bamboo chips above the protruding member 33 from being accumulated without burning. Accordingly, the boiler device 1 can efficiently burn even bamboo chips that are difficult to burn.

In the peripheral wall 32 of the combustion chamber 3, a vent hole 32 a is formed up to a position in a range higher than the height of the range in which the vent hole 33 b of the protruding member 33 is formed. For example, on the contrary, when the range of the vent hole formed in the peripheral wall 32 of the combustion chamber 3 is formed only to a range lower than the vent hole 33b of the protruding member 33, it is higher than the vent hole of the peripheral wall 32. The suction by the vent hole 33b of the protruding member 33 mainly causes air to flow from the upper surface of the stacked bamboo chips.
If it does so, the bamboo chip | tip of upper part vicinity lower than the lower periphery S of the inclined surface 33a may burn first, and the bamboo chip | tip of the lower periphery S may remain unburned.

  In the boiler device 1 according to the present embodiment, the vent hole 32a of the peripheral wall 32 is formed to a range higher than the height of the range in which the vent hole 33b of the projecting member 33 is formed. Air by suction from the air holes 33b mainly flows from the air holes 32a of the peripheral wall 32. Therefore, the bamboo chips around the lower portion S of the inclined surface 33a can be effectively burned.

  In addition, although the boiler apparatus 1 which concerns on this Embodiment is the hot water boiler which used the circumference | surroundings of the exhaust pipe 23 as the water storage part 25, instead of the water storage part 25, the air from an air blower is flowed and heat-exchanged, and warm air It is good also as a hot air boiler which discharges. The sensor device 6 detects the bulkiness of the bamboo chip, which is chip fuel, by stopping the rotation of the rotor blade 61. However, the sensor apparatus 6 may be a sensor device that detects push-up due to stacking of chip fuel, or an optical device. In particular, it may be a sensor device that detects the bulk of the chip fuel. In this embodiment, bamboo chips are used as chip fuel. However, wood chips or other non-flammable chip materials may be used.

  The combustion apparatus of the present invention is suitable as a boiler apparatus such as a hot water boiler, a steam boiler, or a hot air boiler, and an incinerator.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Boiler apparatus 2 Boiler main body 21 Case 22 Recessed part 23 Exhaust pipe 23a Diameter-reduction pipe 24 Incinerated ash case 25 Water storage part 26 Water supply pipe 27 Hot water extraction pipe 3 Combustion chamber 31 Grate 32 Peripheral wall 32a Ventilation hole 33 Projecting member 33a Inclined surface 33b Ventilation hole 4 Intake device 5 Water supply device 6 Sensor device 61 Rotor blade 62 Motor F Fuel input device R Heat dissipation device S Lower circumference

Claims (4)

A combustion apparatus that burns the chip fuel by supplying air for combustion to the chip fuel filled in the combustion chamber by suctioning from the bottom surface of the combustion chamber by an intake device,
On the bottom surface of the combustion chamber, a hollow projecting member having a tapered side surface formed by a tapered shape is provided,
The combustion apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a vent hole through which air by suction of the intake device passes is formed only in a lower portion of the inclined surface.   The combustion apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the protruding member is formed in a conical shape.   The combustion apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a ventilation hole is formed in a peripheral wall of the combustion chamber up to a range higher than a height in a range where the ventilation hole of the protruding member is formed.   In the combustion chamber, it is detected that the chip fuel supplied from the fuel input device is stacked in the combustion chamber and becomes bulkier than the protruding member, and the supply of the chip fuel from the fuel input device is stopped. The combustion apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a sensor device is provided.

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