JP2013177747A - Covering block - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a covering block which allows an opening for reducing uplift pressure energy to be easily formed, capable of being stably installed on an underwater stone mound with improved effect of reducing uplift pressure energy.SOLUTION: A covering block 10 for covering the surface of an underwater stone mound constructed from stones includes a block body 11 having a square shape in plan view, which covers over an underwater stone mound. The block body 11 has one opening 14 passing through from the top face to the bottom face, having a character shape or symbol shape such as an approximately H, cross, X, C, E, K, M, N, S, T, U, V, W, Y, swastika, or asterisk shape in plan view.

Description

  The present invention relates to a covering block that covers the surface of a discarded stone mound constructed of discarded stones, for example, in a harbor, coast, river, or the like.

  Conventionally, when structures such as breakwaters, jetty, submersibles, breakwaters, breakwaters, revetments, flood control, etc. are constructed in harbors, coasts, rivers, etc. Abandoned stones are laid out as the foundation of the object to form the foundation (hereinafter referred to as the `` discarded stone mound ''), and the surface of the discarded stone mound is covered with a concrete covering block, and the discarded stones flow due to wave and fluid forces. It is known to protect by suppressing the above (for example, see Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2).

  Further, the wave force or fluid force tends to lift the covering block from the lower side of the covering block and the wave force (horizontal wave force) from the offshore side to the shore side or the sweeping force from the upstream side to the downstream side. Has power (lift pressure). Therefore, when this kind of covering block receives this wave force or fluid force, the covering block may float on the abandoned stone mound and the laying state may collapse. Therefore, when installing the covering block, various means are devised for the meshing and connection between the covering blocks having a square shape in plan view for the purpose of absorbing the energy by the horizontal wave force or the scavenging force and the lifting pressure, or As a wave-dissipating function, a covering block provided with an opening penetrating from the top surface to the bottom surface is known.

  The covering blocks described in Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 are provided with a plurality of openings having a circular shape, a long hole shape, or a quadrangular shape in a plan view penetrating from the top surface to the bottom surface. A structure is disclosed in which the lifting pressure from the side of the discarded stone mound is reduced by the opening. That is, in this covering block structure, the lifting pressure from the lower surface side passes through the opening and falls onto the covering block, and the opening reduces the energy due to the lifting pressure, which causes the covering block to rise and become unstable. Can be suppressed.

JP-A 64-83710. Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-325128.

  However, the covering blocks described in Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 are provided with a plurality of openings having a circular shape, a long hole shape, or a quadrangular shape in a plan view penetrating from the top surface to the bottom surface. Therefore, the lift pressure is reduced. Further, the size of each opening is small because it is necessary that the discarded stone does not escape through the opening, and the plurality of small openings are formed independently. For this reason, since the openings are formed one by one, there is a problem that the work is troublesome and the cost is high.

  Accordingly, there is provided a covering block that can easily form an opening for reducing energy due to lifting pressure, and that can improve the effect of reducing the energy of lifting pressure, and can be stably installed on a discarded stone mound. For the purpose.

  The present invention has been proposed in order to achieve the above object, and the invention according to claim 1 is a covering block that covers the surface of a discarded stone mound constructed of discarded stone, and is a flat surface that covers the discarded stone mound. A block main body portion having a rectangular shape, and a plan view outline H shape, a cross shape, an X shape, or a character shape such as C or E, or a symbol shape such as 卍, *, or the like penetrating from the top surface to the bottom surface A covering block provided with one opening formed in is provided.

  According to this configuration, when the covering block is formed, the block main body portion has, for example, a substantially H shape, a cross shape, an X shape, or a character shape such as C, E, or a symbol such as 卍, *, etc. One large opening that exhibits the shape can be formed simultaneously. Thus, the amount of concrete can be reduced by providing an opening having a wide area connected by one slit.

  In addition, if this opening part sets the slit width to the width | variety which a discard stone does not pass easily, a discard stone cannot be easily pulled out and it can hold | maintain a discard stone stably on the lower side of a covering block. In addition, the wave taken into the opening is dispersed in the opening having a large area connected by one slit, and this dispersion dissipates and reduces the energy of wave lifting pressure, thereby stabilizing the covering block. Installation is possible.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the configuration according to the first aspect of the present invention, a protruding portion that protrudes outward is provided at the approximate center of the four sides of the block main body in plan view so that the protruding portions abut each other. Provided is a covering block in which a substantially cross-shaped space in plan view is formed around the block main body when arranged.

  According to this configuration, since a substantially cross-shaped gap is formed between the covering blocks laid on the surface of the discarded stone mound, the lift near the outer peripheral portion of each covering block can be extracted by the gap. Furthermore, the energy of the lifting pressure can be reduced. Moreover, the amount of concrete in the construction area can be reduced by providing a gap between the respective covering blocks.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the configuration according to the first or second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a covering block provided with leg portions protruding downward at the four corners of the bottom surface of the block main body portion.

  According to this configuration, the land portions provided at the four corners of the bottom surface of the block main body portion can easily adjust the unevenness when the block main body is laid on the discarded stone mound. It is also possible to install with the legs embedded in the stone mound.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a covering block obtained by chamfering the top shoulder portion of the block main body portion in a tapered shape in the configuration of the first, second or third aspect.

  According to this configuration, the amount of concrete in the covering block can be reduced by providing a tapered chamfer on the top shoulder of the block main body.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, since one large opening can be formed at the same time when the block main body is molded, it is possible to improve workability and reduce the amount of concrete. As a result, cost reduction can be expected. In addition, it is made difficult to remove the discarded stone by making it an opening that is connected by a single slit having a letter shape such as C, E, or a symbol shape such as 卍, *, etc. Since the energy of the wave taken into the opening can be dissipated, the energy can be reduced efficiently, and the effect of stably installing the covering block can be expected.

  The invention according to claim 2 can also remove the energy of the lifting pressure in the generally cross-shaped gap formed in the plan view around the block main body when the protruding portions are arranged so as to face each other. Furthermore, it can install stably. At the same time, the amount of concrete in the construction area can be reduced, and further cost reduction can be expected.

  According to the third aspect of the present invention, when the block body is laid on the discarded stone mound, it is possible to easily adjust the unevenness of the covering block. Furthermore, when “flow” acts on the block, an upward pressure is generated on the upper surface of the block. However, the presence of the legs also causes a “flow” on the lower surface of the block main body, so that downward pressure is generated. This cancels out and increases the stability of the block.

  The invention according to claim 4 can further reduce the cost because the amount of concrete in the covering block can be further reduced.

Sectional drawing which shows an example of the implementation structure which installed the coating block which concerns on this invention on the abandoned stone mound used as a foundation, such as a breakwater. The top view of an implementation structure same as the above. The perspective view of a covering block same as the above. The top view of a covering block same as the above. The front view of a covering block same as the above. The side view of a covering block same as the above. The bottom view of a covering block same as the above. The top view of the coating | coated block which has a cross-shaped opening part. The top view of the coating | coated block which has X-shaped opening part. Sectional drawing which shows the example of a form which installed the coating block on the slope-shaped discard stone mount.

  The present invention provides a covering block that can easily form an opening that reduces energy due to lifting pressure, and that can be stably installed on a stone mound by improving the energy reduction effect of lifting pressure. In order to achieve the object of providing, a covering block that covers the surface of a disposal stone mound constructed by a disposal stone, comprising a block body portion having a square shape in plan view covering the disposal stone mound, This is realized by providing one opening formed in a letter shape such as C, E, or a symbol shape such as 卍, *, etc., in a plan view generally penetrating from the top surface to the bottom surface.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of a covering block according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 1 to 10.

  1 and 2 are views showing an example of an implementation structure in which a covering block according to the present invention is installed on a discarded stone mound as a foundation such as a breakwater. FIG. 1 is a sectional view thereof, and FIG. 2 is a plan view thereof.

  1 and 2, a covering block 10 according to the present invention includes a discarding stone 101 on a foundation part formed by arranging discarding stones 101 as a foundation of a structure constructed in a harbor, a coast, a river, or the like, that is, on the discarding stone mound 102. A plurality of mounds 102 are arranged so as to cover the surface of the mound 102 and to be arranged in a plane.

  The detailed structure of the covering block 10 is shown in FIGS. 3 is a perspective view of the covering block 10, FIG. 4 is a plan view thereof, FIG. 5 is a front view thereof, FIG. 6 is a side view thereof, and FIG.

  In the figure, the covering block 10 is made of concrete, and, like a conventional concrete covering block, is produced by pouring raw concrete into a framed mold and solidifying it, and then removing the mold frame and taking it out. It is what is done.

  The covering block 10 includes a block main body portion 11 having a square shape in plan view, and four projecting portions 12 and 12 that are formed to protrude outward at substantially four central sides of the block main body portion 11 in plan view. , 12 and 12 and four leg portions 13, 13, 13, 13 formed integrally projecting downward at the four corners of the bottom surface of the block main body 11.

  The top shoulder portion 11a of the block main body 11 and the top shoulder portion 12a of the projecting portion 12 are each chamfered by a tapered surface that gradually falls from the inside toward the outside, and the chamfer is provided. As a result, the amount of concrete used by the covering block 10 is reduced.

  Further, the block body 11 is provided with one opening 14 having a substantially H shape in a plan view connected by one slit penetrating from the top surface to the bottom surface. Each width of the opening 14, that is, the minimum dimension of the slit width is such that when the covering block 10 is disposed on the discard stone mound 102, the discard stone 101 forming the discard stone mound 102 is the opening. Preferably, the size is such that it does not escape through 14.

  The covering block 10 formed in this way is formed by laying the disposing stones 101 side by side as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 when used in a disposing stone mound of various structures constructed in a port, coast, river, or the like. On the discarded stone mound 102, a plurality of the stones mounds 102 are arranged side by side so as to cover the surface of the discarded stone mound 102 with the legs 13, 13,. Then, various structures are stabilized by protecting the discarded stone mound 102 from energy such as waves.

  In addition, when the respective covering blocks 10 are arranged in a plane so as to cover the surface of the discard stone mound 102, the respective covering blocks 10, 10... Are adjacent to each other as shown in FIG. Are arranged so that the projecting portions 12, 12 face each other, and form a substantially cruciform space 15 in plan view around the block main body portions 11, 11. The width dimensions of the slits forming the gaps 15, 15... Are the same as the width dimensions of the opening 14, and the scrap stones 101 forming the discard stone mound 102 are the gaps 15, 15.. The size is preferably such that it does not escape through.

  In the covering block 10 installed on the discarded stone mound 102, the leg portions 13, 13... Are embedded in the discarded stone mound 102 and integrated with the discarded stone mound 102. Further, when a wave acts in the openings 14, 14... And the gaps 15, 15... From the side of the discarded stone mound 102, the waves are dispersed in the openings 14, 14. It passes through the openings 14, 14... And the gaps 15, 15... Upward, thereby dissipating and reducing the energy of the lifting pressure and suppressing the covering blocks 10, 10. Thereby, stable installation of this covering block 10,10 ... is enabled.

  In the above embodiment, the opening 14 provided in the block main body 11 has a substantially H shape in a plan view. However, the shape is not limited to a substantially H shape. For example, FIG. As shown in FIG. 9, the same effect can be obtained with the opening 14 formed in a cross shape or an X shape connected by one slit. In addition, the same effect can be obtained by opening shapes of C, E, K, M, N, S, T, U, V, W, Y, 卍, *.

  In the above embodiment, the structure in which the covering block 10 is laid on the flat discard stone mound 102 is disclosed. However, as shown in FIG. 10, the covering block 10 is installed on the inclined discard stone mound 102 in a breakwater or the like. In some cases, the same applies to them.

  As described above, according to the present invention, when the covering block is formed, the block main body portion is roughly H-shaped, cross-shaped, X-shaped in plan view, or C, E, K, M, N, S, T, By simultaneously forming one opening formed in a letter shape or symbol shape such as U, V, W, Y, 卍, *, etc., it becomes possible to form an opening having a wide area connected by one slit. The amount of concrete can be reduced while improving workability.

  In addition, by setting the slit width of the opening to a width that makes it difficult for the discarded stones to pass through, it is difficult for the discarded stones to come out, and the discarded stones can be stably held under the covering block. Furthermore, the waves taken into the openings are dispersed in the openings having a large area, so that the energy of wave lifting pressure can be efficiently dissipated and reduced, and the covering block can be stably installed.

  According to the present invention, a substantially cross-shaped gap is formed between the covering blocks laid on the surface (including the inclined surface) of the abandoned stone mound, so that the lift force near the outer peripheral portion of each covering block is increased. The gap can be removed and the energy of lifting pressure can be reduced. In addition, by providing the gap, the amount of concrete in the construction area can be reduced.

  Further, the leg portions provided at the four corners of the bottom surface of the block main body can easily adjust the unevenness when laying the block main body on the stone mound. Further, when “flow” acts on the block, an upward pressure is generated on the upper surface of the block. However, because the “flow” acts on the lower surface of the block main body by the legs, downward pressure is generated, The upward pressure is offset, and the stability of the block can be further increased.

  Furthermore, since the amount of concrete of the covering block can be reduced by providing a tapered chamfer on the top shoulder portion of the block main body, a further cost reduction effect can be expected.

  Furthermore, the present invention can be variously modified without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the present invention naturally extends to the modified ones.

  The present invention is not limited to a covering block that covers the surface of a discarded stone mound constructed by abandoned stone in a harbor, coast, river, or the like, and can also be applied to, for example, a slope of a dike.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Cover block 11 Block main-body part 11a Shoulder part 12 Protrusion part 13 Leg part 14 Opening part 15 Space | gap 101 Throwing stone 102 Throwing stone mound

Claims (4)

A covering block that covers the surface of a moulding stone mound constructed with a moulding stone,
A block main body having a rectangular shape in plan view that covers the abandoned stone mound is provided, and the block main body portion has a generally H shape, a cross shape, an X shape, or a letter shape such as C, E penetrating from the top surface to the bottom surface A covering block comprising a single opening formed in the shape of a symbol such as 卍 or *.   Protrusions projecting outward are provided at the approximate centers of the four sides of the block main body in plan view, and when arranged so that the projecting parts face each other, the block main body has a substantially cross-like shape in plan view. The coating block according to claim 1, wherein voids are formed.   The covering block according to claim 1 or 2, wherein leg portions each projecting downward are provided at the bottom corners of the block main body.   4. The covering block according to claim 1, wherein the top shoulder portion of the block main body is chamfered in a tapered shape.

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