JP2013166476A - Method of preventing incapable conversion of electric turnout switch and equipment therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method of preventing incapable conversion by the mathematical model using a meteorological data and equipment of preventing incapable conversion using the same.SOLUTION: A method of preventing incapable conversion which is caused by expansion and contraction of an elastic member connecting a tongue rail with a switch machine, includes: providing a weather sensor which detects the meteorological element on the outside of the track of a branch part and outputs the meteorological data in real time, presuming the temperature nearby the member connecting the switch machine with the tongue rail by using a predetermined mathematical model based on the meteorological data which is input from the weather sensor, presuming the lock state of the switch machine from the presumed temperature, and controlling the drive of temperature adjustment equipment, which changes the temperature nearby the member connecting the tongue rail with the switch machine to change the presumed lock state into regular lock state.

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for preventing inversion of an electric switch and an apparatus for using the method.

  An electric turning machine (hereinafter simply referred to as a “turning machine”) is provided at a place where a train (or vehicle, hereinafter the same) is moved from one track to another, that is, at a branch point of the railway track. ) Is installed. The switch machine is installed outside the track, converts the Tongrel to close contact with the basic rail, or separates it from the basic rail, and a chain that holds the close or spaced Tongrel in its position. Including a locking device.

  The conversion device has an operating mechanism connected to the tongrel to convert the tongrel, and the locking device has a locking device connected to the tongrel to hold the tightly or spaced tongrel in its position. And a lock piece that fits into the notch of the lock cane and interlocks with the operation cane to lock the lock cane in place. Then, by inserting the lock piece from the side into the notch of the locking cane interlocked with the tongrel, the state where the movement of the tongrel is prevented, that is, the locked state of the locking cane and the lock piece is completed.

  When the train passes through the point, it is necessary that the tip of the Tongleil is in close contact with the basic rail and is completely locked so that it does not open. For that purpose, it is ideal that there is no gap between the lock cane and the lock piece, but the lock cane and the lock piece are misaligned by the minute movement of the lock cane (hereinafter referred to as “lock misalignment”). ) May occur, in which case the lock piece is caught by the lock and cannot be converted.

  As described above, it is desirable that the separation width (opening amount) of the Tongleil from the basic rail in the close contact state is 0, but it is considered safe from the rule of thumb up to 5 mm. Generally, the width of the lock piece is 40 mm with respect to the notch width of 43 mm of the lock can, and the distance between the notch of the lock can and the lock piece is 3 mm in total on both sides. This is based on the assumption that the allowable wear amount of the notch and the lock piece of the lock cane is 1 mm, and the margin amount such as wear of the jaw pin is 1 mm.

  The center position of the notch of the lock can shift from the reference position (the center of the width of the lock piece) due to the notch of the lock cane, the wear of the lock piece or the jaw pin, etc. If it exceeds the limit, the lock is disabled (that is, the switch is disabled). Therefore, it is necessary to adjust the displacement amount of the lock prior to that, so the lock is regularly managed.

  In addition to the above-mentioned notch of the lock cane, wear of the lock piece and the jaw pin, etc., there are other reasons for the inability to convert the switch machine due to the minute movement of the lock cane. Therefore, the switch adjuster that connects the two may expand or contract beyond the specified value due to large fluctuations in the ambient temperature (outside air temperature or road bed temperature). The locking error of the switch is likely to occur especially in the season when the temperature difference between daytime and nighttime is large. In addition to the switch adjuster, the member that expands and contracts due to large fluctuations in the ambient temperature includes a front rod that connects the tip of the Tongrel and a connecting rod that is provided between the front rod and the lock rod and connects them. Therefore, excessive expansion and contraction of these members may cause the lock failure of the turning machine.

  The conventional technology for preventing the inability to convert due to the expansion and contraction exceeding the specified value of the member connecting the switch and the Tongleil is a thermometer, rain gauge, etc. in the vicinity of the switch adjuster in the track. Install the sensors, give the measured values obtained from those sensors, that is, the actual value to the control device, and control the drive of the mist generator, the cooler or the heater based on the measured value by the control device, The temperature in the vicinity of the switch adjuster was set so that the length of the switch adjuster was a constant value, that is, the center position of the notch of the lock rod was held at the reference position (there is no particular prior art document) ).

  However, in the above prior art, a sensor such as a thermometer and a rain gauge is installed near the switch adjuster in the track, and the measured value of the sensor is given to the control device. Therefore, it is difficult to secure the sensor installation space. There is a danger in the installation work, and the vibration of the train passing through the branch point of the railroad track is likely to cause failure and breakage in the sensor and the signal line connecting the sensor and the control device, and maintenance is easy due to time constraints There are problems such as not.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problem, and an object of the present invention is to provide a method for preventing non-conversion using a mathematical model using weather data, and a non-convertible prevention device using the method. And

  In order to solve the above-described object, the present invention provides a method for preventing inability to convert due to expansion and contraction of a member connecting a tipping machine and a tongrel, and detecting meteorological elements outside a line at a branch point. A meteorological sensor that outputs data in real time is provided, and a temperature near a member that connects the switch and the tongler is estimated using a predetermined mathematical model based on meteorological data input from the meteorological sensor. Temperature adjustment that estimates the lock state of the switch machine from the estimated temperature and changes the temperature in the vicinity of the member that connects the switch machine and the Tongrel in order to change the estimated lock state to a specified lock state. It is characterized by controlling the apparatus.

  The temperature in the vicinity of the member that connects the switch and the tongrel is the temperature in the vicinity of the switch adjuster or the front rod and the connecting rod, or the switch adjuster and the front rod and the connecting rod.

  The lock state of the switch is characterized by the relationship between the center position of the notch of the lock and the reference position which is the center of the width of the lock piece.

  The basis of the idea of using a mathematical model is a multiple regression analysis that is a statistical analysis method that predicts events (switch adjuster temperature) from observed values (temperature, humidity, rainfall, sunshine, wind speed, etc.). Is to apply.

  If the specific geographical environment at the branch point of the railroad track, for example, one or both of sunlight and wind speed, has a significant effect on the expansion / contraction rate of the member connecting the switch and the Tongleil, the weather sensor may be In addition, one or both of a sunshine meter and an anemometer is included, and a correction value based on weather data from one or both of the sunshine meter and the anemometer is added when modeling the mathematical model. It is desirable to appropriately reflect the influence on the estimated value of the relationship between the center position of the notch and the reference position which is the center of the width of the lock piece.

An example of a formula (regression equation) in which the temperature of the switch adjuster is an objective variable (explained variable) and the weather data is an explanatory variable, that is, a prediction formula of the switch adjuster temperature is as follows.
Predicted switch adjuster temperature t = c0 + c1 * rainfall + c2 * temperature + ... + cn * solar radiation c0, c1, c2 ..., cn are coefficients

  The present invention is an apparatus for preventing inconversion due to expansion and contraction of a member that connects a tipping machine and a Tongrel, and is installed outside a line at a branching point, and detects meteorological elements in real time. Based on the meteorological observation device containing the output weather sensor and the meteorological data input from the meteorological sensor, connected to the switch and the tongrel from the meteorological data, that is, connected to the switch adjuster or the front rod Using a mathematical model that estimates the temperature in the vicinity of the can or switch adjuster and front rod and connecting can, the locking state of the switch, that is, the center position of the notch of the lock cane and the center of the width of the lock piece Estimate the relationship with the reference position, compare the estimated lock state with the specified lock state, and mix the former so that it becomes the latter. A calculation device for calculating a control amount of a temperature adjustment device such as a generator, a cold air / hot air machine or a heater, and a control device for controlling the drive of the temperature adjustment device based on the control amount given from the calculation device. It is characterized by that.

  The weather sensor may include only a thermometer, a rain gauge and a hygrometer in addition to the thermometer, and may include one or both of a sunshine meter and an anemometer. The later, the more accurate the estimation.

If the specific geographical environment at the branch point of the railroad track, for example, one or both of sunlight and wind speed, has a significant effect on the expansion / contraction rate of the member connecting the switch and the Tongleil, the weather sensor may be In addition to including one or both of a sunshine meter and an anemometer, a correction value based on weather data from one or both of the sunshine meter and an anemometer is added to the mathematical formula used by the arithmetic unit, and It is desirable to appropriately reflect the influence on the estimated value of the relationship between the center position and the reference position or the control amount of the temperature adjustment device.
From this point of view, according to the present invention, the arithmetic unit is used as a prediction formula for the switch adjuster temperature.
t = c0 + c1 * rainfall + c2 * temperature + ... + cn * solar radiation c0, c1, c2, ..., cn are characterized by using coefficients.

  And this invention uses what adds a heat or cold to the member which connects a switch and a tongrel to a temperature control apparatus, for example, a mist injection machine, a cold / hot air machine, or an electric heater or an oil heater etc. It is characterized by.

According to the present invention, since the weather sensor that outputs weather data related to the expansion and contraction of the member connecting the switch and the Tongleil is provided outside the line at the branch point, it is difficult to secure the installation space of the sensor. The sensor installation work is dangerous, and the vibration of the train passing through the branch point of the railroad track is likely to cause failure and breakage of the sensor and the signal line connecting the sensor and the control device. The problems of the prior art such as being difficult are eliminated.
And, based on the weather data input from the weather sensor, using a mathematical model that estimates the temperature near the member connecting the toppler and the tongler from the weather data, the locked state of the toppler is estimated, The control amount of the temperature adjustment device is calculated so that the estimated lock state becomes the specified lock state, and the control amount is given to the control device. Based on how to set the mathematical model, it is based on the actual value from the sensor. Therefore, it is possible to more flexibly cope with the weather phenomenon at each branching point of the railway track than in the prior art for controlling the temperature control device, thereby preventing the inability to convert.

It is a conceptual diagram which shows an example of a structure of this invention apparatus. It is a top view of the branch location of the track | line which shows an example of embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view which extracts and shows the conversion device and locking device of a turning machine. It is a perspective view near the front-end | tip of the lock piece which is a part of locking device. It is the figure which plotted the measured value and estimated value of switch adjuster temperature.

Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
In FIG. 2, R1 is a basic rail, R2 is a Tongleil, 1 is a turning machine body, 2 is a motor attached to one end of the turning machine body, 3 is an operation driven by the motor 2 However, it is connected to the Tongrel R 2 via the switch adjuster 4 and the tie bar 5. Reference numeral 6 denotes a locking cane, which is connected to the Tongrel R2 via a connecting cannula 7 and a front rod 8.

  As is well known, a friction clutch, an intermediate gear, and a conversion gear (all not shown) are provided in the switch machine body 1 as a power transmission system of the motor, and are further shown in FIG. A known conversion device 10 and locking device 20 are provided.

  The conversion device 10 has a conversion roller 11 erected on the conversion gear and a horizontal penetrating from one side of the switch machine body 1 to the other side, and is cammed at the center portion existing in the switch machine body 1. It consists of said operating can 3 with a groove 12. The cam groove 12 has an escape cam surface in the vicinity of the opening, and a conversion cam surface in the back. When the motor 2 rotates in a predetermined direction or in the opposite direction, the conversion roller 11 moves the escape cam surface of the cam groove 12 of the operation lever 3. And the contact with the conversion cam surface, the operating can 3 is moved forward or backward in the longitudinal direction, and as a result, the Tongrel R2 is converted into a fixed position in close contact with the basic rail R1, or the Tongrel R2 is separated from the basic rail R1 It will be converted to an upside-down.

  The locking device 20 is connected to a pair of cam bars 21a and 21b arranged to be slidable in a horizontal direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the operating cannula 3 below the operating cannula 3, and to the other end of each cam bar. And a pair of lock pieces 22a, 22b extending in the sliding direction and the lock can 6. The lock can 6 is provided with an upper and lower pair 6a, 6b. The pair of cam bars 21a and 21b have an escape cam surface that contacts the conversion roller 11 and a conversion cam surface at the back, and the pair of lock pieces 22a and 22b are elongated by the rotation of the conversion roller 11 in a predetermined direction or in the opposite direction. It is configured to move forward or backward in the direction. As shown in FIG. 4, the pair of lock pieces 22a and 22b are provided with locking blocks 23a and 23b, one of which protrudes downward and the other of which protrudes upward, as shown in FIG. The pair of upper and lower locking canisters 6a and 6b are coupled with a predetermined distance, and upwardly facing the lower locking canister 6a at a position spaced a predetermined distance in the longitudinal direction on the opposing surface. A notch 24a that opens is formed, and a notch 24b that opens downward is formed in the upper locking cane 6b.

  With the above configuration, when a train is operated, the motor 2 rotates in a predetermined direction when a command is given from the signal handling station to the controller of the toppling machine to change the point from inversion to localization. First, the conversion device 10 is operated, and the operating can 3 brings the tongue rail R2 into close contact with the basic rail R1, so that the point is changed from the inverted position to the fixed position. When the conversion is completed, the locking device 20 is operated by the continuous rotation of the motor 2 in a predetermined direction, and the locking block (23a or 23b) of the predetermined one lock piece (22a or 22b) is the predetermined single locking. The stereotaxic state is locked to fit into the notch (24a or 24b) of the can (6a or 6b). Also, when a command to change from the normal position to the reverse position is given from the signal handling place, the motor 2 rotates in the opposite direction, the conversion device 20 is operated first, and the operation can 3 moves the Tongle rail R2 to the basic rail. In order to move away from R1, the point is changed from stereo to inversion. When the conversion is completed, the locking device 20 is operated by the continuous rotation of the motor 2 in the opposite direction, and the lock block (23b or 23a) of the predetermined other lock piece (22b or 22a) is moved to the predetermined other lock. Since it fits into the notch (24b or 24a) of the can (6b or 6a), the inverted position is locked.

  That is, during the point localization, the lock block 23a of the left lock piece 22a in FIG. 3 moves forward and retreats from the moving surface of the lower lock can 6a, but the lock block 23b of the right lock piece 22b Since it moves backward and fits into the notch 24b of the upper locking cane 6b, the orientation state is locked. Further, at the time of point inversion, the lock block 23a of the right lock piece 22a in FIG. 2 moves forward and retreats from the moving surface of the upper lock cane 6b, but the left lock piece 22a moves backward to lock the lock piece 22a. Since the block 23a is fitted into the notch 24a of the lower lock can 6a, the inverted position is locked.

The conversion from the inverted position to the fixed position and the converted position to the inverted position is performed when the lock blocks 23a and 23b of the lock pieces 22a and 22b are respectively moved to the predetermined chain when the motor 2 is moved in the longitudinal direction by the motor 2. This is possible by fitting into the notches 24a and 24b of the lock can 6a and 6b, but for some reason, the center position of the notch 24a or 24b of the lock can 6a or 6b in the fixed state or the inverted position is the lock piece 22a. Alternatively, when a lock error occurs that shifts more than a specified value from the reference position that is the center of the width of 22b, it becomes impossible for the locking block 23a or 23b to fit into the notch 24a or 24b, or from the notch 24a or 24b. Since it becomes impossible to pull out, conversion becomes impossible.

  In the present invention, when the cause of the inability to convert as described above is an extension or shortening exceeding a specified value due to a large fluctuation in the outside temperature or the bed bed temperature of the member connecting the switch and the tongrel, the conversion is performed. In order to prevent the impossibility, the following non-convertible prevention device is proposed.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the non-convertible prevention device includes a meteorological observation device 30, a calculation control device 40, and a member that connects the switch and the tongler outside the building limit L in the vicinity of the branching point of the track. A temperature adjusting device 50 for heating or cooling is provided, the meteorological observation device 30 measures the meteorological phenomenon in the vicinity of the branching point of the track in real time, and gives the meteorological data to the calculation control device 40; And calculate the control amount for maintaining the temperature of the member connecting the machine and the Tongleil based on the estimated temperature based on the estimated temperature. The temperature adjusting device 50 is applied to the temperature adjusting device 50 to control the driving of the temperature adjusting device 50 so that the temperature of the member connecting the switch and the tongrel is kept within a predetermined range.

  More specifically, as shown in FIG. 1, the weather observation device 30 includes one or more types of weather sensors in the box, and detects a weather element near the branch point. The meteorological sensor is a sensor effective for estimating the temperature of a member having a high thermal expansion / contraction rate connecting the switch and the Tongleil, for example, the switch adjuster 4 or the switch adjuster 4, and the front rod 8 and the vicinity of the connecting rod 7. For example, a thermometer 31, a rain gauge 32, a hygrometer 33, and the like that can output measurement data in real time are used. Therefore, the meteorological observation device 30 is the same as a known one hundred box, but each meteorological sensor converts measurement data into digital data in real time and outputs it. Among the members that connect the switch machine and the Tongler, the largest cause of the inability to convert is expansion and contraction exceeding the specified value of the switch adjuster 4, so Hereinafter, it is typically referred to as a switch adjuster.

  Since the meteorological observation device 30 is installed outside the building limit L near the branch point, there is no problem of securing the installation space, and there is an advantage that the maintenance of the meteorological sensor can be easily performed without danger.

  The measurement data of each weather sensor in the weather observation device 30 is given to the arithmetic and control unit 40 in real time by wire or wireless. The arithmetic and control unit 40 is also provided outside the building limit L near the branch point. The calculation control device 40 includes a calculation unit 41, a storage unit 42, and a control unit 43 in one box. The calculation unit and the control unit may be divided into a calculation device and a control device.

  The storage unit 42 stores mathematical formulas for executing a mathematical model for estimating the temperature near the branch point or, more precisely, near the switch adjuster 4 based on the weather elements near the branch point. Yes.

In addition to the above, if the meteorological element in the vicinity of the branch point is affected by ambient environmental conditions such as sunlight and wind speed, it is also necessary to reflect the effect on the mathematical model. In that case, it is preferable to add a sunshine meter 34 or an anemometer 35 as a weather sensor to the weather observation apparatus 30 and calculate a mathematical formula including measurement data of the weather sensor. The prediction formula (formula) of the switch adjuster temperature in this case is exemplified as follows.
(Equation 1)
Estimated switch adjuster temperature t = c0 + c1 * rainfall + c2 * temperature + ... + cn * solar radiation c0, c1, c2, ..., cn are coefficients

For mathematical models, historical weather data (meteorological data acquired from the Japan Meteorological Agency HP, or meteorological data that is stored by installing a weather observation device) is used as an explanatory variable, switch adjuster temperature data is used as an explanatory variable, and a switch adjuster is used. We construct an equation to estimate the temperature of the water using meteorological data. The values of the coefficients c0, c1, c2, ..., cn are set so that the square sum of the difference between the actual switch adjuster temperature data and the temperature obtained from the estimation formula is minimized, and the switch adjuster temperature prediction formula is To construct.
More specifically, the time information of the day when the actual value of the switch adjuster temperature was obtained is acquired, the meteorological data at the same time (or surrounding time) on the same day is acquired, and the temperature of the switch adjuster will be described using only the meteorological data. Consider if you can't. The regression equation is constructed (determining the coefficients c0, c1,..., Cn) based on all the data acquired in the past and the corresponding meteorological data, not the actual measured value of the switch adjuster at one point.

The coefficients c0, c1,..., Cn are determined as described above, and the calculation formula (formula) for estimating the temperature of the switch adjuster with the outside air temperature, humidity, wind speed, and illuminance is as follows (coefficient (c0, The value of c1, ..., cn) varies depending on the actual value of the switch adjuster and the location where weather data is obtained.
(Equation 2)
Switch adjuster temperature = 2.9325 + 1.1942 * Outside air temperature-0.0668 * Humidity + 0.8452 * Wind speed + 0.0138 * Illuminance Note that the coefficient of determination is 0.9021, which is a fairly high value and can be explained using these four variables. I can say that. In addition, FIG. 5 shows a plot of measured values and estimated values in order to compare the temperature of the switch adjuster using the above calculation formula with the actual temperature.
The switch adjuster temperature in FIG. 5 is a temperature measured from July 24, 2011 to August 11, 2011.

  The calculation unit 41 is configured to estimate the temperature near the switch adjuster 4 by substituting the measurement data of each weather sensor into the mathematical expression. As is clear from FIG. 5, the estimated temperature value obtained by using the above mathematical formula has almost no difference from the actual value (switch adjuster temperature) of the thermometer.

  The calculation unit 41 further controls a control amount for driving the temperature adjusting device 50 provided near the branch location based on the obtained temperature estimation data, for example, a mist injector, a hot air / cold air machine described later, and the like. The ejection amount, the heating temperature of the heater, etc. are calculated, and the control signal is sent to the temperature adjustment device 50.

  The temperature adjusting device 50 is driven by a control signal supplied from the arithmetic and control unit 40, and heat such as mist, hot air or cold air toward the switch adjuster 4 in order to set the temperature of the switch adjuster 4 to a predetermined constant temperature. It is configured to perform a heating or cooling action by a medium or by conduction heat or radiant heat.

  As such a temperature adjusting device 50, a device having a function as a heating / cooling device, for example, a mist injector 51, a hot air / cold air device 52, an electric heater or an oil heater 53 can be used. In that case, the mist sprayer 51 and the hot / cold air blower 52 can be installed outside the building limit to reliably supply the heat medium toward the switch adjuster 4, and there is no risk of disconnection of the wiring. , Can ensure safety. On the other hand, in the case of electric heaters, use heaters with shapes and structures that are not affected by vibration when passing trains, such as heating wires or heater bands, and in the case of oil heaters, use heated oil. A heat pipe that circulates between the switch adjuster and the vicinity may be used. In places where the switch adjuster 4 is strongly irradiated with sunlight, the temperature adjusting device 50 may be used in combination with an overturning shutter (not shown).

  As described above, the present invention estimates the temperature near the switch adjuster 4 from the meteorological phenomenon near the branch point, calculates the necessary control amount at the estimated temperature, and controls the drive of the temperature adjusting device 50 to control the temperature. Since the adjustment is performed, the mathematical model of the calculation unit of the calculation control device 40 is adapted to the weather conditions in the vicinity of the branch point without having to change the type of weather sensor used by the weather observation device 30 according to the regional difference of the branch point. Since the drive of the temperature adjusting device 50 can be appropriately controlled simply by making the setting as described above, it is possible to realize non-convertible prevention adapted to individual branch points with flexibility.

  Conventionally, all necessary sensors are attached and mist and heaters are controlled in real time. However, it is possible to perform control using sensor reduction and prediction based on a mathematical model. Specifically, when a thermocouple is attached to the switch adjuster, it may cause an illegal fall of the track circuit, but by using a mathematical model, it is equivalent to only the weather sensor without causing the track circuit to fall illegally. The performance of can be demonstrated.

Claims (6)

In the method of preventing the inability to convert due to the expansion and contraction of the member connecting the turning machine and the Tongrel,
A meteorological sensor that detects meteorological elements and outputs meteorological data in real time is provided outside the track at the bifurcation point, and the tongs and tongs using a predetermined mathematical model based on meteorological data input from the meteorological sensor Estimating the temperature in the vicinity of the member connecting the rail, estimating the lock state of the switch from the estimated temperature, and turning the switch to make the estimated lock state a specified lock state And a method of preventing the switchability of the turning machine, which controls the driving of a temperature adjusting device that changes the temperature in the vicinity of the member connecting the Tongleil.   The vicinity temperature of the member connecting the switch and the tongrel is the vicinity of the switch adjuster or the front rod and the connecting rod, or the switch adjuster and the front rod and the connecting rod. The method for preventing the conversion of the turning machine as described.   3. The switch according to claim 1, wherein the lock state of the switch is a relationship between a center position of the notch of the lock cane and a reference position that is the center of the width of the lock piece. How to prevent conversion. The mathematical model has the following formula:
The predicted value of the switch adjuster temperature t = c0 + c1 * rainfall + c2 * temperature +... + Cn * irradiation amount c0, c1, c2,. How to prevent non-convertible turning machine.   A weather sensor that detects weather elements and outputs meteorological data in real time, installed on the outside of the branch line, in a device that prevents the inability to convert due to expansion and contraction of the member connecting the switch and the Tongleil. Using a mathematical model for estimating the temperature in the vicinity of a member connecting the turning machine and the Tongleil based on meteorological data based on meteorological data input from the meteorological sensor and the meteorological observation device The temperature at which the locking device is estimated, the estimated locking state is compared with the prescribed locking state, and the member connecting the turning device and the Tongleil is heated or cooled so that the former becomes the latter An arithmetic device that calculates a control amount of the adjusting device, and a control device that controls driving of the temperature adjusting device based on a control amount given from the arithmetic device. Non-convertible prevention device of iron machine.   6. The apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the temperature adjusting device is a mist injector, a cold air / warm air device, an electric heater, an oil heater or the like.

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