JP2013156600A - Imaging apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To solve such a problem that in a lens unit including a shift mechanism, a tilt mechanism, a revolving mechanism, and a tilt revolving mechanism, not all mechanisms can automatically detect their respective movement amounts, so that when electronic front curtain scanning is performed, exposure unevenness in a shutter running direction occurs, because a camera cannot accurately determine the movement position of a lens.SOLUTION: In an imaging apparatus to which a lens unit which includes a shift mechanism, a tilt mechanism, a revolving mechanism, and a tilt revolving mechanism, but cannot automatically detect their respective movement amounts can be attached and which includes a camera operation part through which a shift amount, a tilt amount, and a revolving angle set by lens operation are set in the camera by a user, when the lens unit is attached, display for urging manual operation setting is performed and the user sets the shift amount, the tilt amount and the revolving angle set in the lens unit in the camera through the camera operation part, to correct the exposure unevenness in the shutter running direction, according to the set values.

Description

  The present invention relates to an imaging apparatus, and more particularly to an imaging apparatus that performs an imaging operation using a mechanical shutter and an electronic shutter together and a control method thereof.

  Some conventional single-lens reflex digital cameras use a mechanical shutter and an electronic shutter to perform imaging operations. Recently, with the advent of mirrorless digital cameras that do not have a finder related mechanism, Ref-type digital cameras are also becoming smaller.

  In these digital cameras, a mechanical shutter is configured as a rear curtain, and shooting is performed by driving an electronic shutter that performs an operation of starting charge accumulation in an image sensor prior to the running of the rear curtain.

  In addition, when performing an imaging operation using an electronic shutter, for example, in an imaging device using a CMOS sensor, first, the accumulated charge amount of the pixel is set to zero for each pixel or for each region (for example, each line) composed of a plurality of pixels. Reset scanning is performed.

  Thereafter, by performing scanning for reading out a signal after a predetermined time has elapsed for each pixel or area for which reset scanning has been performed, an imaging operation using an electronic shutter can be realized.

  Hereinafter, such an imaging operation is referred to as electronic front curtain scanning.

  When using an electronic shutter and a mechanical shutter together to control the exposure of the image sensor, first reset the pixel (pixel) for each pixel in the traveling direction of the mechanical shutter or for each area (for example, each line) composed of a plurality of pixels of the image sensor. Charge accumulation is started, and charge accumulation is started.

  Then, after a predetermined time has elapsed, the light to the image sensor is sequentially shielded by the trailing shutter of the mechanical shutter, and then readout scanning is performed to sequentially read out the charges accumulated in each pixel.

  Therefore, the electronic front curtain scanning of the electronic shutter is adapted to the running characteristics of the rear curtain of the mechanical shutter.

  Hereinafter, such a configuration of electronic front curtain scanning of the electronic shutter and rear curtain traveling of the mechanical shutter is referred to as an electronic front curtain shutter.

  For example, in Patent Document 1, a single-lens reflex digital camera can generally replace a photographic lens. However, when a lens unit having a shift mechanism (hereinafter referred to as “shift lens”) is used, the shift amount is changed. As a result, the light shielding position on the imaging surface by the mechanical shutter changes.

  In particular, when the exposure time from when the electronic front curtain is scanned to when the light is shielded by the mechanical shutter is short, exposure unevenness occurs in the shutter travel direction according to the focal length, exit pupil position, and the like of the mounted lens unit.

  Accordingly, it is disclosed that the scanning pattern for the electronic front curtain is set according to the shift amount component in the shutter traveling direction.

  Next, in Patent Document 2, when a lens unit that cannot be communicated is mounted, the lens unit unique information (focal length, aperture value, etc.) is input by manual operation, and exposure is performed by enabling photometry. An interchangeable lens camera to be controlled has been released.

JP 2007-053742 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-210143

  The electronic front curtain shutter performs reset scanning and charge accumulation start scanning on the image sensor prior to the rear curtain travel of the mechanical shutter, and performs charge readout scanning after the rear curtain travel.

  Therefore, the electronic front curtain scanning of the electronic shutter is adapted to the running characteristics of the rear curtain of the mechanical shutter.

  However, the distance in the optical axis direction between the electronic front curtain that scans the image sensor and the rear curtain of the mechanical shutter is longer than that of the mechanical shutter of the front curtain and rear curtain.

  For this reason, when a lens unit having a shift mechanism is used, an error occurs between the position of the light-shielding blade of the rear curtain and the light-shielding position on the image sensor, resulting in exposure unevenness.

  In the above-mentioned Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Publication No. HEI 10-133826, when a lens unit having a shift mechanism is used in a single-lens reflex camera that performs an image pickup operation of an electronic front curtain shutter, the lens automatically detects a shift amount, a tilt amount, and a revolving angle. However, it is disclosed that by communicating with the camera, the camera reduces exposure unevenness by setting a scanning pattern for electronic front curtain scanning based on the shift amount, the tilt amount, and the revolving angle.

  However, some lenses that have a shift, tilt, and revolving mechanism cannot automatically detect the shift amount, tilt amount, and revolving angle. In this case, since the camera does not have the shift amount, tilt amount, and revolving angle information of the lens unit, it is impossible to determine the scanning pattern of electronic front curtain scanning for performing exposure unevenness correction.

  Further, in the above-mentioned Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2005-259561, when a lens unit that cannot communicate is mounted, the lens unit specific information (focal length, aperture value, etc.) is input by manual input operation, and photometry can be performed. An interchangeable lens camera that controls exposure by doing so is disclosed.

  However, a lens having a shift, tilt, and revolving mechanism is not assumed, and exposure unevenness cannot be corrected.

  Further, when a lens unit having a shift, tilt, and revolving mechanism is moved, there is a possibility that the lens unit may come into contact with the camera body depending on the shape of the camera body.

  Therefore, an object of the present invention is to display a screen prompting the user to set a manual operation when a lens unit that cannot automatically detect shift, tilt, and revolving movement amounts is mounted, and the user can set the camera according to the lens movement amount. By using the operation unit (160), it is possible to correct exposure unevenness in the shutter travel direction.

  In addition, a TS information window that displays a limit area where the lens unit is movable after the lens unit is mounted, a setting prohibition area where the lens unit and the camera body come into contact, and a numerical value set by the camera operation unit. And a method of controlling the lens unit and the camera body, which displays on the image display device (151) a lens state image diagram in which a value set by the camera operation unit can be sensuously grasped.

  In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an imaging element (104) comprising a plurality of pixels, a lens unit (101), an exit pupil distance calculation coefficient for calculating a corrected exit pupil distance P, the lens An information storage unit (150) for storing a plurality of limit areas where the unit can move and a setting prohibition area based on the relationship between the lens unit and the camera body; and an image display device (151) for displaying an image and various types of information. A shutter means (105) for shielding light, and an electronic destination for sequentially resetting the pixels of the image sensor in the running direction of the shutter means and starting charge accumulation prior to the start of light shielding of the image sensor by the shutter means. Curtain scanning means (108), shift means (118) for shifting the optical system of the lens unit in a direction perpendicular to the optical axis, and the shutter Tilting means (119) for moving at least a part of the lens unit including the tilting means relative to the optical axis, and first revolving means for rotating the optical axis of the entire lens unit including the shifting and tilting means. (120), second revolving means (121) for rotating at least a part of the lens unit about the optical axis, and a camera for setting a shift amount, a tilt amount, and a revolving angle, which are performed by a user through lens operation, to the camera When the lens unit is mounted in an imaging apparatus used by mounting the detachable lens unit having an operation unit (160), the shift amount and the tilt amount set by the camera operation unit (160) A TS information window (151a) for numerically displaying the revolving angle, and the lens unit A limit area (151d) that is movable depending on the type of the camera (101) and a setting prohibition area (151c) that is a combination of the lens unit and the camera body are displayed on the image display device (151). The image display device displays that the optical center coordinate La of the lens of the lens state image (151b) moves according to the shift amount, tilt amount, and revolving angle set in the unit, and among the optical center coordinates La, the shutter The movement amount component calculating means (113) for calculating the movement amount component H in the traveling direction, the exit pupil distance calculation coefficient stored in the information storage unit for calculating the corrected exit pupil distance P, and the The corrected exit pupil distance calculating means (113d) for calculating the corrected exit pupil distance P by the movement amount component H in the shutter traveling direction; An image pickup apparatus and control method comprising electronic front curtain scanning calculation means (113e) for calculating electronic front curtain scanning based on the corrected exit pupil distance P.

  According to the present invention, when a lens unit having a shift mechanism, a tilt mechanism, and a revolving mechanism is attached to a single lens reflex type camera having an electronic front curtain shutter, the shift amount, the tilt amount, and the revolving angle cannot be automatically detected. In this case, a display prompting the user to set the amount of lens movement performed by the user is displayed, and the amount of movement component H in the shutter travel direction is calculated based on the setting values of shift, tilt, and revolving set by the camera operation unit. The corrected exit pupil distance P optimum for the individual information of the lens is calculated by the exit pupil distance calculation coefficient and the movement amount component H in the shutter traveling direction.

  Then, a scanning pattern of electronic front curtain scanning can be calculated based on the corrected exit pupil distance P, and an image with proper exposure can be obtained.

  In addition, a TS information window that numerically displays the amount of lens movement after the lens unit is mounted, a lens state image that can be sensibly grasped from the numerical value of the TS information window, and the movement of the lens unit A warning can be displayed to the user in the limit area, the type of the lens unit, and the setting prohibition area depending on the shape of the camera body.

The block diagram which shows the structure of the imaging system in embodiment The front view which looked at the image sensor and shutter in an embodiment from the subject side The figure explaining the change of an electric charge accumulation area with the positional relationship of a shift lens and a shutter Figure showing the relationship between the scanning curve of the electronic front curtain and the running curve of the mechanical rear curtain in terms of shift amount 6 is a flowchart illustrating a shooting operation of the imaging apparatus according to the embodiment. Flow chart showing manual tilt, shift, ALL revolving and tilt revolving inputs A flowchart showing in detail the coordinate determination of the optical center La Figure showing each setting value and lens status image in the live view screen of the camera The figure which displayed the lens state image according to each setting Block diagram for electronic front curtain scanning control The flowchart which shows the determination process of correction | amendment exit pupil distance P The flowchart which shows the process which determines the calculation coefficient of the correction | amendment exit pupil distance P

  Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[Example 1]
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of an imaging system according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

  The imaging system according to the first embodiment includes a camera main body 100 that is an imaging device, and a detachable lens unit 101 that is attached to the camera main body 100 and serves as an imaging optical unit.

  First, the configuration in the lens unit 101 will be described.

  Reference numeral 114 denotes a photographing lens, which is represented by one lens in FIG. 1, but actually includes a plurality of lenses such as a focus lens, a zoom lens, and a tilt lens.

  The lens CPU 115 controls the driving of the photographing lens 114 via the lens driving circuit 116 and drives the diaphragm 117a via the diaphragm driving circuit 117 to control the diaphragm according to the subject brightness during the photographing operation.

  A lens shift mechanism 118 moves the lens unit 101 including at least one lens of the photographing lens 114 in a predetermined direction orthogonal to the optical axis of the lens unit 101.

  The lens unit 101 can be shifted by operating an operation unit (not shown) provided in the lens shift mechanism 118.

  A lens tilt mechanism 119 moves the lens unit 101 of the photographing lens 114 in the tilt direction with respect to the optical axis of the lens unit 101.

  Reference numeral 120 denotes a first revolving mechanism that can rotate the movement direction of the shift mechanism and the tilt mechanism around the optical axis, and reference numeral 121 denotes a second revolving mechanism that rotates only the movement direction of the tilt mechanism around the optical axis. be able to. In the lens movement described above, the lens unit 101 can be rotated by operating an operation unit (not shown).

  Hereinafter, the lens optical center is La, the first revolving is called ALL revolving, and the second revolving is called till revolving.

  By the rotation by the revolving mechanism 120 and the shift by the lens shift mechanism 118, the lens unit 101 can be shifted to an arbitrary position on a plane orthogonal to the optical axis.

  The lens CPU 115 can communicate with a camera CPU 113 in the camera body 100 to be described later via a communication contact 122 on the lens unit 101 side and a communication contact 123 on the camera body 100 side.

  The lens CPU 115 notifies the lens information in response to a request from the camera CPU 113 via the communication contacts 122 and 123.

  The lens unit information includes, for example, individual information of the lens unit 101, an aperture value, a focal length, a focal position (focus position), an imaging distance, and an exit pupil distance.

  Next, the configuration of the camera body 100 will be described.

  When the imaging apparatus is in a non-photographing state (the state shown in FIG. 1), a part of the subject light beam 161 that has passed through the photographing lens 114 and the diaphragm 117 of the lens unit 101 is a mirror 102 located in the photographing optical path. And is guided to the finder optical unit 103.

Thus, the photographer can observe the subject image via the finder optical unit 103.
When a release button (not shown) to be described later is pressed to shift from the non-photographing state to the photographing state, the mirror 102 is retracted from the photographing optical path.

  As a result, the subject light flux from the lens unit 101 travels to the image sensor 104 constituted by a CMOS sensor, CCD, or the like.

  Each pixel of the image sensor 104 photoelectrically converts the subject optical image formed by the lens unit 101 according to the amount of light while being exposed, and accumulates the obtained charges.

  A scanning clock (horizontal drive pulse) or a predetermined control pulse is supplied from the pulse generation circuit 107 to the image sensor 104.

  Of the scanning clock generated by the pulse generation circuit 107, the vertical scanning clock is modulated to a predetermined clock frequency by the vertical drive modulation circuit 108 and input to the image sensor 104.

The vertical drive modulation circuit 108 determines the scanning pattern of the electronic front curtain.
The pulse generation circuit 107 also outputs a clock signal to a signal processing circuit 109 described later.

  A mechanical shutter 105 is disposed on the object side (lens side) with respect to the image sensor 104.

  The mechanical shutter 105 has a rear curtain composed of a plurality of light shielding blades (hereinafter referred to as “mechanical rear curtain”), and shields the image sensor 104 from light.

  The camera CPU 113 controls the driving of the mechanical shutter 105 via the shutter driving circuit 106.

  The signal processing circuit 109 performs image processing by performing double correlation sampling processing (CDS), gain (AG) processing, and predetermined processing (color processing, gamma correction, etc.) on the signal read from the image sensor 104. Generate data.

  The generated image data is output to the image display device 151 via the image display circuit 110 and displayed as a photographed image or recorded in the image recording circuit 111.

  The switch unit 112 is a switch for controlling ON / OFF of the main power supply, a switch operated to set shooting conditions, and a switch (release button) operated to start a shooting preparation operation and a shooting operation. including.

  A shooting preparation operation (photometry operation, focus adjustment operation, etc.) is started by half-pressing the release button (switch SW1 is turned ON).

  Further, a photographing operation (exposure of the image sensor 104, reading of a charge signal, and recording of image data obtained by processing the charge signal on a recording medium) is started by a full press operation (ON of the switch SW2).

  The camera CPU 113 performs an operation according to the operation of the switch unit 112.

  The information storage unit 150 executes a limit area that can be moved according to individual information of the lens unit as described later, a setting prohibition area that comes into contact with the camera body by the movement of the lens unit, and a target scanning pattern. A plurality of types of coefficients and the like for calculating the corrected exit pupil distance P are stored.

  The camera body 100 according to the present embodiment having the above-described configuration is an electronic tip that is an electronic shutter that sequentially resets the pixels of the image sensor 104 and starts charge accumulation instead of the front curtain that is normally configured by a plurality of light shielding blades. An electronic front curtain shutter with curtain and mechanical rear curtain is adopted.

  The exposure control of the image sensor 104 is performed using an electronic front curtain shutter.

  FIG. 2 is a front view showing a state in which the image sensor 104 and the mechanical rear curtain are observed from the lens side along the optical axis direction, and the electronic front curtain scanning and mechanical mechanism after shooting is started by pressing the release button. This shows the state when the trailing curtain is running.

  An arrow 1 indicates the scanning direction of the electronic front curtain and the traveling direction of the mechanical rear curtain.

  Note that the subject image formed on the imaging surface of the image sensor 104 by the photographing lens 114 is inverted upside down.

  Therefore, by performing electronic front curtain scanning from the lower side to the upper side of the imaging surface as shown in FIG. 2, the electronic front curtain scan and the mechanical rear curtain travel from the upper part of the image to the lower part of the image.

  In FIG. 2, reference numeral 2 denotes an image pickup surface of the image pickup element 104, 3 denotes a mechanical rear curtain of the mechanical shutter 105, and a state where the mechanical rear curtain 3 blocks a part of the image pickup surface 2 is shown.

  Reference numeral 4 denotes a line (reset line) on which reset scanning is performed in the image sensor 104.

  The reset scanning is to make the accumulated charge amount of the pixels on the reset line 4 zero, and the reset line 4 corresponds to the tip of the electronic front curtain.

  A region 6 formed by a slit between the reset line 4 and the tip 5 of the mechanical rear curtain 3 is a region (charge accumulation region) where charge accumulation by exposure is performed in the image sensor 104.

  The charge storage area 6 moves in the direction of the arrow 1 as the electronic front curtain and the mechanical rear curtain 3 travel.

  The time from when the reset line 4 passes, that is, from when the pixel is reset to when the light is blocked by the mechanical rear curtain 3, is the charge accumulation time due to pixel exposure.

  As described above, since the reset line 4 scans in the direction of the arrow 1 and charge accumulation of each line is started, the charge accumulation start timing is different for each line of the image sensor 104.

  In the example shown in FIG. 2, the charge accumulation operation is performed at the earliest timing on the lowermost line on the imaging surface 2, and the charge accumulation operation is performed at the latest timing on the uppermost line.

  The movement of the reset line 4 from the lower part to the upper part of the imaging surface 2 is controlled by the vertical drive modulation circuit 108 as described later with reference to FIGS. 4 (a) and 4 (b).

  The movement pattern of the reset line 4 is referred to as a “scanning pattern”. This scanning pattern can be said to indicate the timing at which reset scanning is performed for each line of the image sensor 104.

  The information storage unit 150 also stores a plurality of calculation coefficients for the corrected exit pupil distance P for executing such a scanning pattern.

  The camera CPU 113 selects one of these, and controls the vertical drive modulation circuit 108 so that the reset line 4 is moved based on the expression based on the selected coefficient and the information of the lens CPU 115.

  Details of the processing for determining the coefficient of the expression for the exit pupil distance P will be described later.

  FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing the relationship between the photographing lens 114, the mechanical shutter 105, and the image sensor 104 in the present embodiment.

  In FIG. 3, the shutter travel of (a) and (b) is upward, and the lens 114a indicated by the solid line is at the reference optical axis position without being shifted (the shift amount is zero). 114 is shown.

  A lens 114b indicated by a broken line indicates the photographing lens 114 in a case where the lens 114b is shifted by the shift amount y from the reference optical axis position in the same direction as the traveling direction of the mechanical shutter 105.

  Reference numeral 105-1 denotes a shutter base plate, and 105-2 denotes a shutter blade presser.

FIG. 3A shows a state in which the electronic front curtain shutter starts to open in the photographing operation.
The slit width C indicates the width of a region where the light beam that has passed through the lens 114a having a shift amount of zero is limited by the line shielded by the line 105-3 and the reset line 4 and enters the imaging surface 2.

  Further, the slit width D is a width of a region where the light beam transmitted through the lens 114b whose shift amount is y is limited by the line blocked by the mechanical rear curtain 105-3 and the reset line 4, and is incident on the imaging surface 2. Is shown.

  At the timing of FIG. 3A, the slit width D is larger than the slit width C.

  Therefore, when the electronic front curtain and the mechanical rear curtain are driven under the same conditions, the exposure amount when the lens 114b is located in the region indicated by the slit width D is larger than the exposure amount when the lens 114a is located. .

  Therefore, when the scanning pattern of the reset scanning of the electronic front curtain is set so that proper exposure can be obtained at the position of the lens 114a, when the shutter is opened, overexposure occurs when the image is taken at the position of the lens 114b. Will end up.

  FIG. 3B shows a state in the latter half of the photographing operation (near the end of photographing).

  The slit width C ′ is defined as the width of the region where the light beam transmitted through the lens 114a having a shift amount of zero is limited by the line that is shielded by the mechanical rear curtain 105-3 and the reset line 4, and is incident on the imaging surface 104. Show.

  The slit width D ′ indicates the width of the region where the light beam transmitted through the lens 114b with the shift amount y is formed by the line shielded by 105-3 and the reset line 4 and is incident on the imaging surface 104. ing.

  At the timing shown in FIG. 3B, the slit width D 'is larger than the slit width C', as in the state where the shutter starts to be opened shown in FIG.

  Therefore, when the electronic front curtain and the mechanical rear curtain are driven under the same conditions, the exposure amount at the position of the lens 114b is larger than the exposure amount at the position of the lens 114a in the region indicated by the slit width D ′. Become.

  Therefore, if the scanning pattern of the electronic front curtain scan is set so that proper exposure can be obtained at the position of the lens 114a, the exposure will be over when the image is taken at the position of the lens 114b.

  Further, since the amount of overexposure is not constant between the beginning of opening of the shutter and the end of opening, it varies, and as a result, uneven exposure (so-called vertical exposure unevenness) occurs at the top and bottom of the image. ) Will occur.

  In FIG. 4A, reference numeral 12 represents a traveling pattern of the mechanical rear curtain, and represents a state in which the speed gradually increases from the start of traveling.

  Reference numeral 11 denotes a scanning pattern of electronic front curtain scanning.

  The distance in the time direction between the scanning pattern 11 and the scanning pattern 12 represents the exposure time of each line of the image sensor.

  In FIG. 4A, the exposure time is substantially the same from the bottom to the top of the image sensor.

  When the focal length and exit pupil distance of the shift lens are sufficiently long (for example, 500 mm or more), appropriate exposure can be obtained with a scanning pattern having substantially the same shape as the running curve of the mechanical rear curtain.

  As described above, in the case of the lens 114b at a position shifted by the shift amount y in the same direction as the traveling direction of the mechanical shutter 105, the exposure is over.

  Specifically, in the shutter control as shown in FIG. 4A, the exposure unevenness is over especially in the lower part of the imaging surface (= upper part of the image), and the exposure unevenness slightly in the upper part of the imaging surface (= lower part of the image). Becomes under.

  Therefore, it is necessary to correct the scanning pattern 11 of the electronic front curtain to the scanning pattern 11b of FIG. 4B so that the exposure time of the middle and lower parts of the imaging surface is shortened and the upper part is elongated and the exposure unevenness is reduced. Become.

  On the other hand, in contrast to the above, in the case of a lens at a position shifted in the direction opposite to the traveling direction of the mechanical shutter 105, setting the scanning pattern of the electronic front curtain scanning without the shift amount particularly lowers the imaging surface. The underexposure unevenness is under, and the upper part of the imaging surface is equivalent or slightly overexposed.

  Therefore, as shown in FIG. 4 (c), the scanning pattern 11 of the electronic front curtain is shown in FIG. 4 (c) so that the exposure time is lengthened at the middle lower part of the imaging surface and the upper part is slightly shortened to reduce exposure unevenness. As shown, it is necessary to correct the scanning pattern 11c.

  An outline of the imaging operation in the first embodiment of the imaging system having the above configuration will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. 5 while following the operation of the camera.

  Note that the process shown in FIG. 5 is a process executed mainly by the camera CPU 113.

  First, when the camera is turned on, lens information is acquired in S101, and the process proceeds to S102.

  In S102, it is determined whether the lens is a TS lens. If it is not a TS lens, the process proceeds to S120, and if it is a TS lens, the process proceeds to S103.

  In S120, a normal shooting flow with a lens unit other than the TS lens is performed.

  In S103, the boundary between the type of the TS lens acquired in S101 and the area where the lens and the camera may come into contact according to the combination of the camera type is set as the first threshold, and the movable area of the TS lens Is determined as the second threshold value, and the process proceeds to S104.

  In S104, the first threshold value and the second threshold value determined in S103 are displayed on the image display device 151, the user is warned, and the process proceeds to S105.

  In S105, it is determined whether the tilt movement can be automatically detected from the lens information acquired in S101. If the tilt movement can be automatically detected, the process proceeds to S121. If the tilt movement cannot be automatically detected, the process proceeds to S106.

  In step S121, the process proceeds to a flow of shooting after correcting uneven exposure according to the tilt information from the TS lens.

  In S106, it is determined whether or not the electronic front curtain shutter mode is set. If the mechanical shutter mode (front and rear mechanical shutter) is selected, the process proceeds to S122. If the electronic front curtain shutter mode is selected, the process proceeds to S107.

  In S122, a normal mechanical shutter mode shooting flow is performed.

  In S107, a display prompting the camera to set the amount of movement performed by the lens is performed, and the process proceeds to S108.

  In S108, the shift amount, tilt amount, ALL revolving angle, and tilt revolving angle at which the user has operated the photographing lens 101 are manually set in the camera. Details will be described later.

  In S109, the shift setting value, tilt setting value, ALL revolving angle, and tilt revolving angle set in S108 are displayed on the image display device.

  In S110, the movement amount H in the shutter traveling direction is calculated from the shift setting value, tilt setting value, ALL revolving angle, and tilt revolving angle set in S108. Thereafter, the process proceeds to S111.

  In S111, it is determined whether the first stroke SW1 (so-called half-pressed state) of the release button is pressed. If not, the process proceeds to S106. If it is pressed, the process proceeds to S112.

  In S112, it is considered that the setting of shift, tilt, ALL revolving, and tilt revolving is completed by pressing SW1, and the TS information window displayed on the image display and the lens state image are erased. Thereafter, the process proceeds to S113.

  In S113, lens aperture value information is determined based on information such as an output from a photometric sensor (not shown) and ISO sensitivity setting, and the process proceeds to S114.

  In S114, subject distance information is acquired from a distance measuring sensor (not shown), the lens 115 is driven to focus, and the process proceeds to S116.

  In S116, the corrected exit pupil distance P is calculated using the movement amount H in the shutter travel direction calculated in S111, the aperture value information acquired in S114, and the subject distance information acquired in S115, and the process proceeds to S116.

  In S116, the exposure unevenness correction calculation of the electronic front curtain shutter is performed using the corrected exit pupil distance P calculated in S115. Thereafter, the process proceeds to S117.

  In S117, the second stroke SW2 of the release button (so-called fully pressed state) is determined. If not, the process proceeds to S111, and if it is pressed, the process proceeds to S118.

  In S118, still image shooting is performed with the electronic front curtain shutter, a series of shooting sequences is terminated, and the process returns to S101.

  The above is the main flowchart of the first embodiment. In S112, the TS information window and the display of the lens state image are erased while SW1 is pressed. However, the present invention is not limited to this. Turn off for a specific time after being pressed. Alternatively, after S112, if S2 is not pressed for a specific period, a warning may be displayed whether TS information setting is forgotten.

  Next, manual operation setting of shift, tilt, ALL revolving and tilt revolving performed in S108 will be described with reference to FIG. 6-1, and setting value display in S109 will be described with reference to FIGS. 7-1 and 7-2. I will explain later.

  FIG. 6A is a flowchart illustrating the tilt, shift, ALL revolving, and tilt revolving input by the manual operation in S108.

  First, in S201, the TS information window is activated so that one of tilt, shift, ALL revolving, and tilt revolving can be selected, and the process proceeds to S202.

  S202, S204, S206, S208, and S210 are flowcharts for determining which one of ALL revolving, till revolving, tilt, shift, and setting completion has been selected.

  In S202, it is determined whether the ALL revolving setting is selected. If selected, the process proceeds to S203, and if not selected, the process proceeds to S204.

  In S203, the ALL revolving angle is set by the operation unit shown in FIG. 7A described later, and when the setting is completed, the process proceeds to S202.

  In S204, it is determined whether the tilt revolving setting has been selected. If selected, the process proceeds to S205, and if not selected, the process proceeds to S206.

  In S205, the tilt revolving angle is set by the operation unit shown in FIG. When the setting is completed, the process proceeds to S202.

  In S206, it is determined whether or not the shift setting is selected. If selected, the process proceeds to S207, and if not selected, the process proceeds to S208.

  In S207, the shift amount is set by the operation unit shown in FIG. When the setting is completed, the process proceeds to S202.

  In S208, it is determined whether the tilt setting has been selected. If selected, the process proceeds to S209, and if not selected, the process proceeds to S210.

  In S209, the tilt amount is set by the operation unit shown in FIG. When the setting is completed, the process proceeds to S202.

  In S210, it is determined whether the coordinates of the optical center La of the TS lens according to the values set in the ALL revolving, tilt revolving, shift, and tilt are greater than or less than the first threshold and the second threshold. I do.

  The La determination process in S210 will be described with reference to FIGS. 6-2, 7-1, and 7-2.

  In S211, it is determined whether the setting of the ALL revolving, till revolving, shift, and tilt items has been completed. If the setting completion is selected, the process proceeds to S212.

  In S212, a display prompting the user to confirm whether there is a difference between the camera setting value of the above item and the moving amount of the lens unit 101 is performed, and the process proceeds to S109.

Next, step S210 in FIG. 6A will be described in detail with reference to the flowchart in FIG.
In S220, the secondary plane coordinates of the optical center La of the lens are calculated according to the settings of ALL revolving, tilt revolving, shift, and tilt set in S202 to S209. Thereafter, the process proceeds to S221. In S221, according to the coordinates calculated in S220, La in 151b in FIG. 7-1, which will be described later, is moved to display the TS setting status to facilitate sensory confirmation.

  In S222, it is determined from the coordinates of La calculated in S220 that the value is equal to or less than the first threshold value and the second threshold value.

  If La is equal to or less than the first threshold value and the second threshold value, the process proceeds to S211. If La is at least one of the threshold values, the process proceeds to S223.

In S223, it is determined whether the coordinates of La are greater than or equal to the first threshold and less than the second threshold.
If La is greater than or equal to the first threshold and less than the second threshold, the process proceeds to S224, and if La is not less than the first threshold and less than the second threshold, the process proceeds to S227.

  In S224, a warning that the coordinates of La have been set to the first threshold value or more and a display that the optical center La of the lens can be moved to the second threshold value by changing the camera posture is displayed. The process proceeds to S225.

In S225, it is determined whether to change the camera posture is selected.
If change of camera posture is selected, the process proceeds to S226, and if it is selected not to change the camera posture, the process proceeds to S227.

  In S226, by changing the posture of the camera, a warning that each setting set in S202 to S209 needs to be performed again is displayed, and the process proceeds to S211.

  In S227, a warning that the coordinates of La set in S202 to S209 are a setting prohibition area is displayed, and a setting change is prompted. Thereafter, the process proceeds to S211.

  Next, with reference to FIG. 7A, the TS information window 151a for displaying each setting value described with reference to FIGS. 6-1 and 6-2, and the state of the lens formed by the setting value are easily grasped. The camera body 100 including the lens state image 151b, the image display device 151 displaying the building 151e as the subject, the operation unit 160, and the release switch 100a will be described.

  S, T, TR, and ALLR in 151a represent shift, tilt, tilt revolving angle, and ALL revolving angle, and the selection status is indicated by a cursor or the like.

  The lens state image 151b includes La indicating the optical center position of the lens, an S axis indicating the shift movement direction, and a T axis indicating the tilt movement direction. When shift, tilt, and revolving are set, the optical center position is determined. It is a secondary plane display that facilitates comparison with the actual movement state of the lens by moving the indicated La. The shaded portion 151c represents a setting prohibition region surrounded by the first threshold value and the second threshold value, and the circle 151d represents the boundary line of the limit region where the lens unit that is mounted is movable. Yes.

  Next, the display of the TS information window and the lens state image 151b when setting of shift, tilt, ALL revolving, and tilt revolving will be described with reference to FIG.

  Ls is a diagram in the case where shift + 6 is set, and shows that the initial optical center La moves to the position of Ls while it is located at the center.

  Lsr indicates that the S and T axes rotate 45 degrees to the right and move to the position of Lsr when ALL revolving setting is further performed 45 degrees to the right after the shift +6 is set.

  Lt is a diagram when the tilt +6 setting is performed, and shows that the initial optical center La is located at the center but moves to the position of Lt.

  Ltr indicates that the tilt revolving setting is further performed 45 degrees to the right after the tilt +6 is set, so that the T-axis rotates 45 degrees to the right and moves to the position of Ltr.

  Ls2 is a diagram in the case where shift + 15 is set, and the initial optical center La is moved to the position of Ls2. Since this Ls2 is the setting prohibition area because it is equal to or greater than the first threshold value, it is equal to or less than the second threshold value, so that it can be set up to the second threshold value by changing the posture of the camera as described above.

  Lsr3 rotates the camera posture of Ls2 90 degrees to the left, so that the setting prohibition area 151c, the S axis, and the T axis rotate 90 degrees to the left, and the ALL revolving setting is 90 degrees to the right. By doing so, the S-axis and the T-axis are rotated 90 degrees to the right to become the S ′ axis and the T ′ axis. Then, since the optical center coordinates of Lsr3 and Ls2 are the same, it is possible to perform target tilt shooting.

  The above changes the camera posture when La is a setting-prohibited area. If the camera posture is not changed, a warning for prompting the setting change is displayed.

  In addition, a warning that prompts a setting change is also displayed when La is set to move outside the movable limit value 151d of the lens, which is the second threshold value.

  Further, the optical center position La of the lens may move in synchronization with the value even during the setting of shift, tilt, ALL revolving and till revolving at 151a.

  In FIG. 7A, the operation unit 160 includes an electronic dial mechanism in addition to the cross button. Shift and tilt are set by the cross button, and revolving is set by rotating the electronic dial. Can do.

  In addition, the TS information window 151a and the lens state image 151b can be changed not only by the display method of FIG. 7A but also by changing the display position, the display size, and the presence / absence of display using a camera setting menu (not shown). .

  Next, the determination process of the corrected exit pupil distance P performed in S114 will be described with reference to FIGS.

  FIG. 8 is a block diagram relating to control of electronic front curtain scanning according to the first embodiment.

  The information collecting unit 113a of the camera CPU 113 collects the individual information 101a of the lens mounted as described above, the aperture value 101b, the photographing distance 101c, the exit pupil distance 101d, and the like.

  Further, by operating an operation unit 160 provided in the camera body 100, a tilt amount, a shift amount, an ALL revolving angle, and a tilt revolving angle setting (TS setting information) 161 are collected.

  Then, among the collected information, the individual lens information 101a and the TS setting information 161 are passed to the shift amount component calculation unit 113b, and the individual lens information 101a, the aperture value 101b, the photographing distance 101c, and the exit pupil distance 101d are corrected to the corrected exit pupil. It is passed to the distance calculation coefficient setting unit 113c.

  In 113b, the shift amount component H in the shutter running direction or the reverse direction is calculated from the shift amount after the revolving rotation.

  Then, the shift amount component H obtained by the calculation is passed to the corrected exit pupil distance calculation unit 113d.

  In the first embodiment, the calculation of the shift amount component in the shutter traveling direction is performed by the camera CPU 113, but may be performed by the lens CPU 115.

  The corrected exit pupil distance calculation coefficient setting unit 113c calculates the corrected exit pupil distance P from among the plurality of calculation coefficients stored in the information storage unit 150 based on the individual information of the lens unit among the acquired information. The coefficients A, B, C, and D of the equation are acquired and passed to the corrected exit pupil distance calculation unit 113d.

  The corrected exit pupil distance calculation unit 113d stores a polynomial expression such as P = AH ^ 3 + BH ^ 2 + CH + D using the calculation coefficient of the shift amount component H and the corrected exit pupil distance P as variables.

  Then, the corrected exit pupil is calculated using the shift amount component H acquired from the shift amount component calculator 113b and the calculation coefficients A, B, C, and D of the corrected exit pupil distance P acquired from the corrected exit pupil distance calculation coefficient setting unit 113c. The distance P is calculated and passed to the electronic front curtain scanning calculation unit 113e.

  The electronic front curtain scanning calculation unit 113e calculates a scanning pattern for electronic front curtain scanning based on the corrected exit pupil distance P obtained by the calculation, and passes it to the vertical drive modulation circuit control unit 113f.

  The vertical drive modulation circuit control unit 113f controls the vertical drive modulation circuit 108 to perform the electronic front curtain scan calculated based on the corrected exit pupil distance P calculated by the electronic front curtain scan calculation unit 113e.

  Next, FIG. 9A is a flowchart showing the correction exit pupil distance P determination process (S114).

  First, in S401, lens information such as individual information, aperture value, focal length, photographing distance, exit pupil distance, and the like of the mounted lens unit 101 is collected.

  Further, TS setting information set by the user is collected, and the process proceeds to S402.

  In S402, the shift amount component H in the shutter running direction or in the reverse direction is calculated from the shift amount after tilt revolving and tilt revolving and the tilt amount.

  Next, in S403, it is determined whether or not the shift amount component is 0. If it is 0, the process proceeds to S406, a standard exit pupil distance corresponding to the lens individual information is determined, and the process proceeds to S115.

  If it is not 0, the process proceeds to S404, the calculation coefficient of the corrected exit pupil distance P is determined according to the individual information of the lens, and the process proceeds to S405.

  A method for determining the calculation coefficient of the corrected exit pupil distance P in accordance with the individual information of the lens in S404 will be described later.

  In S405, the corrected exit pupil distance P optimum for the lens individual information, the lens shift, and the revolving state is calculated using the shift amount component H and the correction shooter pupil distance P, and the process proceeds to S115.

  Next, the determination process of the calculation coefficient of the corrected exit pupil distance P according to the individual information of the lens in S404 will be described with reference to FIG.

  FIG. 9-2 is a flowchart showing the calculation coefficient determination process (S404) of the corrected exit pupil distance P.

  First, in S501, the individual information E of the TS lens is acquired, and the process proceeds to S502.

  In S502, a calculation coefficient of the corrected exit pupil distance P is determined according to the lens individual information E acquired in S501, and the process proceeds to S405. As described above, when a lens having a shift mechanism, a tilt mechanism, and a revolving mechanism is attached, a setting prohibition area in which the lens unit and the camera body may come into contact with each other and a limit area in which the lens unit can be moved are provided to the camera. Display and warn the user. Furthermore, when a lens unit that cannot automatically detect the shift amount, tilt amount, and revolving angle is used, the image of the lens makes it easy to grasp the set values sensuously by manual input by the user. Can be displayed, and uneven exposure in the shutter travel direction can be reduced. As mentioned above, although preferable embodiment of this invention was described, this invention is not limited to this embodiment, A various deformation | transformation and change are possible within the range of the summary.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Shutter traveling direction 2 Imaging surface 3 Mechanical rear curtain 4 Reset line 5 Front end of mechanical rear curtain 100 Camera body 100a Release SW 101 Interchangeable lens

101a Individual lens information 101b Aperture value 101c Shooting distance 101d Exit pupil distance 104 Image sensor 105 Mechanical shutter 106 Shutter drive circuit 106a TS setting information 107 Pulse generation circuit 108 Vertical drive modulation circuit 109 Signal processing circuit 110 Image display circuit 111 Image recording circuit 112 switch unit 113 camera CPU 113a information collection unit 113b shift amount component calculation unit 113c correction exit pupil distance calculation coefficient setting unit 113d correction exit pupil distance calculation unit 113e electronic front curtain calculation unit 113f vertical drive modulation circuit control unit 114 photographing lens 115 lens CPU 116 lens CPU
117 Aperture drive circuit 118 Lens shift mechanism 119 Tilt mechanism 120 First revolving mechanism 121 Second revolving mechanism 122 Lens side communication contact 123 Camera side communication contact 150 Information storage unit 151 Image display device 151a TS information window 151b Lens state image 151c Setting prohibited Area 151d Limit area where the lens can be moved 151e Subject 160 Operation unit 161 TS setting information

Claims (7)

Shift means (118) for shifting the optical system of the lens in a direction perpendicular to the optical axis, and tilt means (119) for moving at least a part of the lens unit including the shift means relative to the optical axis. And a first revolving means (120) for rotating the entire lens unit including the shift and tilt means about the optical axis, and a second revolving means for rotating at least a part of the lens unit about the optical axis. An image pickup apparatus including a camera operation unit (160) that can be mounted with a lens unit (101) including (121) and sets a shift amount, a tilt amount, and a revolving angle performed by the user through the lens operation in the camera. In
When the lens unit cannot automatically detect the shift amount, tilt amount, and revolving angle, the user sets the shift amount, tilt amount, and revolving angle set by the lens unit with the camera operation unit (160), and the set values. The movement amount component calculating means (113) in the shutter traveling direction for calculating the movement amount component H in the shutter traveling direction according to the above and stored in the information storage unit (150) for calculating the corrected exit pupil distance P. A corrected exit pupil distance calculating means (113d) for calculating a corrected exit pupil distance P using an exit pupil distance calculation coefficient and a moving amount component H in the shutter traveling direction, and electronic front curtain scanning based on the calculated corrected exit pupil distance P. An image pickup apparatus having electronic front curtain scanning calculation means (113e) for calculating   When the lens unit (101) is mounted, a TS information window (151a) that displays numerically the shift amount, tilt amount, and revolving angle set by the camera operation unit (160), and movement depending on the type of the lens unit A lens state image (151b) for displaying the optical axis center in the coordinates of the secondary plane in accordance with the possible limit region (151d) and each set value set in the TS information window on the image display device (151). The imaging device according to claim 1, wherein the imaging device is displayed.   In the combination of the lens unit (101) and the camera body, if there is a possibility of contact with the camera body according to the type of the lens unit, a setting prohibited area according to the type of lens after the lens unit is mounted. The imaging apparatus according to claim 1, wherein (151c) is displayed on the lens state image (151b).   When the coordinates of the optical axis center of the lens according to the value set by the user are within the setting prohibition region due to the shape of the lens unit (101) and the camera body and within the limit region (151d) that is movable depending on the type of the lens unit The image display device (151) is displayed to urge the camera body to rotate around the optical axis, and when the user has selected to change the camera body posture, the camera body is The imaging apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a display that prompts the lens to perform revolving rotation in a direction opposite to an angle rotated about an axis is performed.   The imaging apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the TS information window (151a) and the lens state image (151b) displayed on the image display means (151) are turned off while the S1 button is pressed.   2. The image pickup apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the TS information window (151a) and the lens state image (151b) displayed on the image display means (151) can be set to display position, display size, and presence / absence of display.   2. The imaging apparatus according to claim 1, wherein if S2 is not pressed within a predetermined time after S1 is pressed, a warning is displayed in the TS information window as to whether the setting is forgotten.