JP2013138987A - Liquid purifying apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To achieve energy saving while carrying out highly reliable purification.SOLUTION: A water purifying unit (60) is provided with: a discharge unit (62) which has a hot water supply tank (41), an electrode pair (64, 65) provided in the tank (41) and generating an electric discharge in water in the tank (41) and a power source (70) applying a voltage to the electrode pair (64, 65), and which generates a hydroxide radical in a storage water by the electric discharge to purify the storing water; an ultrasonic generation part (94) converting into the hydroxide radical, the hydrogen peroxide in the liquid generated by change of the hydroxide radical generated, by irradiating the liquid stored in the tank (41) with ultrasonic waves; the temperature sensors (Se1 to Se3) detecting the temperature of the storage water in the tank (41); and an operation control part (81) controlling the purifying operation of the discharge unit (62) according to the temperature of the storage water detected by the sensors (Se1 to Se3). The operation control part (81) shortens the discharge time of the discharge unit (62) as the temperature of the storage water becomes high.

Description

  The present invention relates to a liquid purification apparatus.

  Conventionally, as shown in Patent Document 1, a liquid purification apparatus is provided with a pair of electrodes in a container and supplies saline to the container to generate electrolyzed water to generate hypochlorous acid. And the said liquid purification apparatus wash | cleans the dentures accommodated in the container with hypochlorous acid.

  Further, the liquid purification apparatus is provided with a concentration control means for controlling the concentration of hypochlorous acid in the container so as to control the electrolysis time, for example.

JP 2001-07789 A

  However, in the conventional liquid purification apparatus, the concentration control means for hypochlorous acid is provided to simply control the electrolysis time. That is, the conventional liquid purification apparatus shortens the electrolysis time when the concentration of hypochlorous acid is high, and only lengthens the electrolysis time when the concentration of hypochlorous acid is low. Therefore, as in the conventional liquid purification apparatus, simply controlling the electrolysis time according to the concentration of hypochlorous acid does not necessarily mean that highly reliable purification is performed, and energy saving is not necessarily achieved. There was a problem that it could not be said.

  This invention is made | formed in view of such a point, and aims at achieving energy saving while performing highly reliable purification | cleaning.

  The invention of the present application controls the purification operation according to the liquid temperature since the sterilization ability changes according to the change of the liquid temperature.

  That is, the disinfection ability of the discharge unit (62) changes according to the water temperature. Specifically, when the concentration of hydrogen peroxide is constant, the 90% sterilization operation time is shortened as the water temperature rises. That is, the sterilization ability when the hydrogen peroxide concentration is constant increases as the water temperature increases.

  Further, the amount of hydrogen peroxide generated due to the discharge unit (62) increases as the water temperature increases.

  Therefore, the present invention controls the purification operation according to the water temperature.

  Specifically, the first invention is a storage tank (41) for storing a liquid, and an electrode pair (in the storage tank (41), which generates a discharge in the stored liquid in the storage tank (41)). 64, 64x, 64y, 65, 65x, 65y) and a power source (70, 70a, 70b, 70c) for applying a voltage to the electrode pair (64, 64x, 64y, 65, 65x, 65y), Generated by irradiating the stored liquid in the storage tank (41) with ultrasonic waves to the discharge unit (62) that generates hydroxyl radicals in the stored liquid by the discharge and purifies the stored liquid An ultrasonic generator (94) that converts hydrogen peroxide in the stored liquid generated by changing hydroxyl radicals into hydroxyl radicals, and temperature detection that detects the temperature of the stored liquid in the storage tank (41) The purifying operation of the discharge unit (62) is controlled in accordance with the temperature of the stored liquid detected by the section (Se1 to Se3) and the temperature detection section (Se1 to Se3) It comprises rolling control unit (81).

  In the first aspect of the invention, the purification operation is controlled according to the liquid temperature, and the sterilization capability is changed, thereby improving the reliability and saving energy. Moreover, since this invention is equipped with the ultrasonic wave generation part (94) which irradiates a stored liquid with an ultrasonic wave, it changed from the hydroxyl radical by irradiating an ultrasonic wave with respect to the stored liquid from an ultrasonic wave generation part. Hydrogen peroxide can be converted back into hydroxyl radicals with higher sterilization capabilities. As a result, more effective purification operation is possible.

  In a second aspect based on the first aspect, the operation control unit (81) is configured to control the discharge time of the discharge unit (62) according to the temperature of the stored liquid.

  In the said 2nd invention, discharge time is controlled according to the temperature of a stored liquid, and disinfection capability is changed.

  In a third aspect based on the second aspect, the operation control unit (81) is configured to shorten the discharge time of the discharge unit (62) as the temperature of the stored liquid increases. .

  In the said 3rd invention, discharge time is shortened as the temperature of a stored liquid becomes high, conversely, discharge time is lengthened as the temperature of a stored liquid becomes low, and disinfection capability is changed.

  In a fourth aspect based on the first aspect, the operation control unit (81) applies the electrode pair (64, 64x, 64y, 65, 65x, 65y) of the discharge unit (62) according to the temperature of the stored liquid. The power supplied is configured to be controlled.

  In the said 4th invention, supply electric power is controlled according to the temperature of a stored liquid, and disinfection capability is changed.

  According to a fifth invention, in the fourth invention, the operation control unit (81) is configured such that the electrode pair (64, 64x, 64y, 65, 65x, 65y) is configured to reduce the power supplied.

  In the fifth aspect of the invention, the supplied power is decreased as the temperature of the stored liquid increases, and conversely, the supplied power is increased as the temperature of the stored liquid decreases to change the sterilization ability.

  In a sixth aspect based on the first aspect, the temperature detectors (Se1 to Se3) are provided at a plurality of locations of the storage tank (41), while the operation controller (81) includes a plurality of temperature detectors. It is comprised so that the purification | cleaning driving | operation of the said discharge unit (62) may be controlled according to the lowest temperature among the temperature of the stored liquid which (Se1-Se3) detected.

  In the sixth aspect of the invention, the purification operation is controlled in accordance with the temperature of the lowest stored liquid in the storage tank (41) to ensure the necessary sterilization capability.

  According to a seventh invention, in the first invention, a first control unit (1) for controlling on or off of a voltage applied to the electrode pair (64, 64x, 64y, 65, 65x, 65y), and the super A second control unit (5) for controlling the operation of the sound wave generation unit (94), and the first control unit (1) and the second control unit (5) are provided in the storage tank (41). On / off of the voltage applied to the electrode pair (64, 64x, 64y, 65, 65x, 65y) and the ultrasonic wave so that the concentration of hydrogen peroxide contained in the stored liquid does not exceed a predetermined upper limit value. The operation of the generation unit (94) is configured to be controlled.

  In the seventh aspect of the invention, the concentration of hydrogen peroxide in the liquid supplied from the purification device to the outside is suppressed to the upper limit value or less, so that the treatment for removing the hydrogen peroxide becomes easy.

  An eighth invention according to the seventh invention further comprises a sensor (7) for monitoring the concentration of hydrogen peroxide contained in the stored liquid in the storage tank (41), wherein the first control unit (1) Controls on / off of the voltage applied to the electrode pair (64, 64x, 64y, 65, 65x, 65y) according to the monitoring result by the sensor (7), and the second control unit (5) The operation of the ultrasonic wave generator (94) is controlled in accordance with the monitoring result by the sensor (7).

  According to a ninth invention, in the eighth invention, when at least the concentration of hydrogen peroxide in the stored liquid exceeds the upper limit value, the first control unit (1) causes the electrode pair (64, 64, 64x, 64y, 65, 65x, 65y) is turned off to stop the discharge, and the second control unit (5) is configured to operate the ultrasonic wave generation unit (94). It is a thing.

  According to a tenth aspect of the invention, in any one of the seventh to ninth aspects of the invention, the second control unit (5) is configured such that the concentration of hydrogen peroxide contained in the stored liquid in the storage tank (41) is During the period exceeding a predetermined lower limit value lower than the upper limit value, the ultrasonic generator (94) is turned on.

  In the tenth aspect of the invention, since the ultrasonic generator (94) is turned on when the concentration of hydrogen peroxide in the liquid is equal to or higher than the lower limit, water is efficiently and continuously removed from the hydrogen peroxide in the liquid. Acid radicals can be generated.

  In an eleventh aspect based on the first aspect, on / off control of the voltage applied to the electrode pair (64, 64x, 64y, 65, 65x, 65y) and operation of the ultrasonic wave generator (94) A control unit that performs control of the electrode pair (in order that the concentration of hydrogen peroxide contained in the stored liquid in the storage tank (41) does not exceed a predetermined upper limit value). 64, 64x, 64y, 65, 65x, 65y) is configured to control the on / off of the voltage applied to the voltage and the operation of the ultrasonic wave generator (94).

  In a twelfth aspect based on the eleventh aspect, in the eleventh aspect, when the concentration of hydrogen peroxide contained in the stored liquid in the storage tank (41) exceeds a predetermined upper limit value, the control unit The voltage applied to the pair (64, 64x, 64y, 65, 65x, 65y) is turned off to stop the discharge, and a predetermined lower limit value in which the concentration of hydrogen peroxide contained in the stored liquid is lower than the upper limit value is set. The ultrasonic generator (94) is turned on during the exceeding period.

  According to a thirteenth aspect, in any one of the first to twelfth aspects, the discharge means (119) for discharging bubbles into the stored liquid in the storage tank (41); and the discharge means (119) The electrode pair (64, 65) is plate-shaped and arranged to face each other, and the power source (70b) is connected to the electrode pair (64, 65). 64, 65), a pulse voltage is applied, and the discharge means (119) is disposed between the electrode pair (64, 65) and at the bottom of the storage tank (41).

  According to the present invention, since the purification operation of the discharge unit (62) is controlled in accordance with the water temperature, highly reliable purification can be performed and energy saving can be achieved. Further, the present invention includes an ultrasonic wave generation unit (94) for irradiating the stored liquid with ultrasonic waves. For this reason, the hydrogen peroxide changed from the hydroxyl radical by irradiating the stored liquid with ultrasonic waves from the ultrasonic generator can be converted again into the hydroxyl radical having higher sterilization ability. As a result, more effective purification is possible.

  That is, according to the second and third aspects of the invention, when the water temperature is high, the sterilization capability of the discharge unit (62) is high, so that the purification operation can be shortened, thereby preventing excessive sterilization operation. In addition, it is possible to save energy by shortening the operation time.

  Conversely, when the water temperature is low, the sterilization capability of the discharge unit (62) is low, so that the purification operation can be lengthened, so that the shortage of the sterilization operation can be prevented.

  In addition, according to the fourth and fifth inventions, when the water temperature is high, the sterilization capability of the discharge unit (62) is high, so that the power supplied to the discharge unit (62) can be reduced. It is possible to prevent sterilization operation and to save energy by reducing the power supply.

  Conversely, when the water temperature is low, the sterilization ability of the discharge unit (62) is low, so that the power supplied to the discharge unit (62) can be increased, so that lack of sterilization operation can be prevented. .

  According to the sixth invention, the discharge unit (62) is provided with three temperature detection units (Se1 to Se3), and the water temperature detected by the three temperature detection units (Se1 to Se3) is the highest. Since the low temperature is selected and the lowest temperature is determined as the water temperature of the hot water supply tank (41), the shortage and excess of the sterilization operation can be surely prevented.

  According to the seventh aspect, the concentration of hydrogen peroxide in the liquid supplied from the liquid purification apparatus to the outside is suppressed to the upper limit value or less, so that the treatment for removing the hydrogen peroxide becomes easy.

  According to the eighth aspect, the first control unit (1) and the second control unit (5) perform discharge control and ultrasonic irradiation according to the hydrogen peroxide concentration of the liquid in the storage tank (41). Since each control is performed, the purification treatment can be performed while controlling the hydrogen peroxide concentration of the liquid to be within a desired range.

  According to the ninth aspect of the invention, when the concentration of hydrogen peroxide in the liquid exceeds the upper limit value, the discharge is stopped and the generation of hydrogen peroxide is stopped. The removal of hydrogen peroxide from the liquid after the treatment can be facilitated.

  According to the tenth aspect, the hydrogen peroxide concentration in the liquid can be controlled to the lower limit value or more, so that it is possible to efficiently generate hydroxyl radicals when irradiated with ultrasonic waves.

  According to the eleventh aspect of the invention, since the control unit controls the concentration of hydrogen peroxide in the liquid so as not to exceed the upper limit value, the treatment for removing the hydrogen peroxide can be facilitated.

  According to the twelfth aspect of the invention, the hydrogen peroxide concentration in the liquid can be controlled to the lower limit value or more, so that it is possible to efficiently generate hydroxyl radicals when irradiated with ultrasonic waves.

  According to the thirteenth aspect of the invention, even when a pulse voltage is applied to the electrode pair (64, 65), the discharge can be generated. A higher purification effect can be obtained by combining with sound wave irradiation.

FIG. 1 is a piping system diagram showing an overall configuration of a hot water supply system according to Embodiment 1. FIG. 2 is an overall configuration diagram of the water purification unit according to the first embodiment, and shows a state before the water purification operation is started. FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the insulating casing according to the first embodiment. FIG. 4A and FIG. 4B are enlarged cross-sectional views showing a specific example of the ultrasonic wave generation unit. FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a basic cycle of liquid treatment by the water purification unit according to the first embodiment. FIG. 6 is an overall configuration diagram of the water purification unit according to the first embodiment, and shows a state in which bubbles are formed by starting the water purification operation. FIG. 7 is a control flowchart showing the discharge operation. FIG. 8 is a time chart showing an example of operation control when feedback control is performed using the concentration of hydrogen peroxide in the liquid. FIG. 9 is an overall configuration diagram of a water purification unit according to a modification of the first embodiment. FIG. 10 is a perspective view of an insulating casing according to a modification of the first embodiment. FIG. 11 is an overall configuration diagram of a water purification unit according to Embodiment 2, and shows a state before the water purification operation is started. FIG. 12 is an overall configuration diagram of the water purification unit according to the second embodiment, and shows a state in which air purification is started and bubbles are formed. FIG. 13 is a plan view of the lid portion of the insulating casing according to the modification of the second embodiment. FIG. 14 is a time chart showing an example of operation control in the case where feedforward control is performed using the measured value of the change in the concentration of hydrogen peroxide. FIG. 15 is a configuration diagram illustrating a water purification unit according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention. FIG. 16 is a configuration diagram illustrating a water purification unit according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention. FIG. 17 is a configuration diagram illustrating a water purification unit according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

<Embodiment 1>
As shown in FIG. 1, in the present embodiment, a liquid purification device is provided in a hot water supply system (10). The hot water supply system (10) is a system for supplying hot water to the bathtub (U1) and the shower (U2). The hot water supply system (10) is a so-called heat pump type hot water heater, and includes a heat source unit (30) and a hot water supply unit (40).

  The heat source unit (30) includes a compressor (31), a heating heat exchanger (32), an expansion valve (33), and an outdoor heat exchanger (34). Then, the compressor (31), the heating heat exchanger (32), the expansion valve (33), and the outdoor heat exchanger (34) are sequentially connected through the refrigerant pipe, and the closed circuit refrigerant circuit (11) is connected. It is configured. The refrigerant circuit (11) is filled with carbon dioxide as a refrigerant.

  The heating heat exchanger (32) includes a primary heat transfer section (32a) and a secondary heat transfer section (32b). The primary heat transfer section (32a) is connected to a high-pressure line between the compressor (31) and the expansion valve (33). The secondary heat transfer section (32b) is connected to the first circulation channel (13) of the hot water supply unit (40). The heating heat exchanger (32) exchanges heat between the refrigerant flowing through the primary heat transfer section (32a) and the water flowing through the secondary heat transfer section (32b). A fan (35) is provided in the vicinity of the outdoor heat exchanger (34).

  The refrigerant circuit (11) operates the compressor (31) to circulate the refrigerant to perform a vapor compression refrigeration cycle. That is, the refrigerant compressed by the compressor (31) radiates heat at the primary side heat transfer section (32a) and is decompressed by the expansion valve (33). The decompressed refrigerant evaporates in the outdoor heat exchanger (34) and is sucked into the compressor (31). This refrigeration cycle is a so-called supercritical cycle in which carbon dioxide as a refrigerant is compressed to a critical pressure or higher.

  The hot water supply unit (40) includes a hot water supply tank (41) that is a storage tank and an internal heat exchanger (42). The hot water tank (41) is a vertically long cylindrical sealed container. The hot water supply tank (41) includes a cylindrical peripheral wall portion (41a), a top wall portion (41b) that closes the upper side of the peripheral wall portion (41a), and a bottom wall portion that closes the lower side of the peripheral wall portion (41a) ( 41c). A first circulation channel (13), a second circulation channel (14), and a supply channel (15) are connected to the hot water supply tank (41). The hot water supply tank (41) is also connected with a water supply channel (20) for appropriately supplying tap water to the hot water supply tank (41). These flow paths (13, 14, 15, 20) constitute a water flow path (12) communicating with the hot water supply tank (41).

  The starting end of the first circulation channel (13) is connected to the lower part of the hot water supply tank (41), and the end of the first circulation channel (13) is connected to the upper part of the hot water supply tank (41). The first circulation channel (13) is provided with a first pump (43). The first pump (43) is a transport mechanism that transports water from the start end side to the end end side of the first circulation channel (13). A secondary heat transfer section (32b) is connected to the first circulation channel (13) on the downstream side of the first pump (43).

  The starting end of the second circulation channel (14) is connected to the lower part of the hot water supply tank (41), and the end of the second circulation channel (14) is connected to the top wall (41b) of the hot water supply tank (41). Has been. A second pump (44) is provided in the second circulation channel (14). The second pump (44) is a transport mechanism that transports water from the start end side to the end end side of the second circulation channel (14). The first heat transfer pipe (42a) of the internal heat exchanger (42) is connected to the second circulation channel (14) on the downstream side of the second pump (44).

  The internal heat exchanger (42) has a first heat transfer tube (42a) and a second heat transfer tube (42b). The first heat transfer tube (42a) is connected to the second circulation channel (14). The second heat transfer tube (42b) is connected to the third circulation channel (16) of the supply channel (15).

  The supply channel (15) includes a main supply channel (17), a first branch channel (18), a second branch channel (19), and a third circulation channel (16).

  The starting end of the main supply path (17) is connected to the top wall (41b) of the hot water supply tank (41), and the terminal side of the main supply path (17) is the first branch path (18) and the second branch path. Branch to (19). The main supply path (17) is provided with a third pump (45). The third pump (45) is a transport mechanism that transports water from the start end side to the end end side of the main supply path (17).

  The terminal end of the first branch channel (18) communicates with the bathtub (U1) through the third circulation channel (16). That is, the 1st branch channel (18) comprises the bathtub side supply path for supplying warm water to the bathtub (U1) side. The first branch path (18) is provided with a first on-off valve (46). The terminal end of the second branch path (19) is connected to the shower (U2). That is, the second branch path (19) constitutes a shower side supply path that supplies hot water to the shower (U2). The second branch passage (19) is provided with a second on-off valve (47).

  The third circulation channel (16) constitutes a bathtub circulation channel for circulating water in the bathtub (U1). The third circulation channel (16) has a supply circuit (16a) and a return circuit (16b). The outflow end of the supply circuit (16a) opens toward the upper side in the bathtub (U1). The inflow end of the return circuit (16b) opens toward the lower side in the bathtub (U1). A fourth pump (48) is provided in the supply circuit (16a). The fourth pump (48) is a transport mechanism that supplies water on the main supply path (17) side or water on the return circulation path (16b) side into the bathtub (U1). A second heat transfer pipe (42b) of the internal heat exchanger (42) is connected to the return circuit (16b), and a third on-off valve (49) is provided downstream of the second heat transfer pipe (42b). ing.

  The internal heat exchanger (42) exchanges heat between water flowing through the first heat transfer tube (42a) and water flowing through the second heat transfer tube (42b). In the hot water supply unit (40), the temperature of the water flowing through the second circulation channel (14) is higher than that of the water flowing through the return circulation channel (16b). For this reason, in an internal heat exchanger (42), the heat of the water which flows through a 1st heat exchanger tube (42a) is provided to the water which flows through a 2nd heat exchanger tube (42b). That is, the 2nd heat exchanger tube (42b) comprises the heating part which heats the water which flows through the 3rd circulation channel (16).

  On the other hand, in the hot water supply tank (41), three temperature sensors (Se1 to Se3) are provided. The temperature sensors (Se1 to Se3) constitute a temperature detection unit that detects the temperature (water temperature) of water (liquid) stored in the hot water supply tank (41). And the 1st temperature sensor (Se1) is provided in the lower part of the hot water supply tank (41), and has detected the water temperature of the lower part of the hot water supply tank (41). The second temperature sensor (Se2) is provided at the center of the hot water supply tank (41) and detects the water temperature at the center of the hot water supply tank (41). The third temperature sensor (Se3) is provided at the upper part of the hot water supply tank (41) and detects the water temperature at the upper part of the hot water supply tank (41).

<Detailed structure of water purification unit>
The hot water supply tank (41) is provided with a discharge unit (62) and an ultrasonic generator (94). That is, the water purification unit (60) which is a liquid purification apparatus is comprised by the said hot water supply tank (41), the discharge unit (62), and the ultrasonic wave generation part (94).

  The water purification unit (60) performs discharge and ultrasonic irradiation in the water stored in the storage tank (41) to generate purification components such as hydroxyl radicals and hydrogen peroxide in the water, which are stored by the purification components. It purifies water.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the water purification unit (60) includes a discharge unit (62) including a high voltage generator (70) at the bottom inside the storage tank (41), an ultrasonic generator (94), Is provided. Furthermore, the water purification unit (60) includes a discharge waveform generator (3) connected to the high voltage generator (70), and a controller that controls on / off of the voltage applied to the electrode pair (64, 65). (1), an ultrasonic waveform generator (8) for supplying an AC voltage of a predetermined frequency to the ultrasonic generator (94) via the amplifier (9), and an ultrasonic waveform generator (8) A control unit (5) for controlling the operation of the ultrasonic wave generation unit (94) and a sensor (7) for monitoring the hydrogen peroxide concentration of the liquid in the storage tank (41) are provided. Although not shown, a central processing unit (CPU) that controls the control units (1, 5) based on the monitoring result of the sensor (7) may be provided. A method for controlling the discharge unit (62) and the ultrasonic wave generation unit (94) by the control unit (1, 5) will be described later. In addition, when performing so-called feedforward control described later, the sensor (7) is not necessarily provided.

  The discharge unit (62) includes an electrode pair (64, 65) composed of an electrode A (64) and an electrode B (65), and a high voltage generator (70) that applies a voltage to the electrode pair (64, 65). ) And an insulating casing (71) for accommodating the electrode A (64) therein.

  The electrode pair (64, 65) is for causing discharge in water. The electrode A (64) is disposed inside the insulating casing (71). The electrode A (64) is formed in a plate shape that is flat vertically. The electrode A (64) is connected to the high voltage generator (70). The electrode A (64) is made of, for example, a conductive metal material such as stainless steel or copper.

  The electrode B (65) is disposed outside the insulating casing (71). The electrode B (65) is provided above the electrode A (64). The electrode B (65) has a flat plate shape in the vertical direction, and is configured in a mesh shape or a punching metal shape having a plurality of through holes (66) in the vertical direction. The electrode B (65) is disposed substantially parallel to the electrode A (64). The electrode B (65) is connected to the high voltage generator (70). The electrode B (65) is made of a conductive metal material such as stainless steel or brass.

  The high voltage generation unit (70) may be constituted by, for example, a power source that applies a predetermined voltage to the electrode pair (64, 65). That is, the high voltage generator (70) is not a pulse power source that repeatedly applies a high voltage instantaneously to the electrode pair (64, 65), but is always several kilovolts to the electrode pair (64, 65). The power supply which applies the voltage of may be sufficient. The high voltage generator (70) is provided with a constant power controller (not shown) that controls the discharge power of the electrode pair (64, 65) to be constant.

  The insulating casing (71) is installed at the bottom of the storage tank (41). The insulating casing (71) is made of an insulating material such as ceramics. The insulating casing (71) has a container-like case body (72) whose one surface (upper surface) is open, and a plate-like lid (73) that closes the open portion above the case body (72). doing.

  The case body (72) has a square cylindrical side wall (72a) and a bottom (72b) that closes the bottom of the side wall (72a). The electrode A (64) is laid on the upper side of the bottom (72b). In the insulating casing (71), the vertical distance between the lid (73) and the bottom (72b) is longer than the thickness of the electrode A (64). That is, a predetermined interval is secured between the electrode A (64) and the lid portion (73). Thereby, inside the insulating casing (71), a space (S) is formed between the electrode A (64), the case main body (72), and the lid portion (73).

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the opening (74) penetrating the lid (73) in the thickness direction is formed in the lid (73) of the insulating casing (71). The opening (74) allows formation of an electric field between the electrode A (64) and the electrode B (65). The inner diameter of the opening (74) of the lid (73) is preferably 0.02 mm or more and 0.5 mm or less. The opening (74) as described above constitutes a current density concentration portion that increases the current density of the current path between the electrode pair (64, 65).

  As described above, the insulating casing (71) accommodates only one electrode (electrode A (64)) of the electrode pair (64, 65) inside, and the opening (74) as a current density concentration portion. The insulating member which has this is comprised.

  In addition, in the opening (74) of the insulating casing (71), the current density of the current path increases, so that water is vaporized by Joule heat and bubbles (B) are formed. That is, the opening (74) of the insulating casing (71) functions as a gas phase forming part that forms bubbles (B) as a gas phase part in the opening (74).

  The ultrasonic wave generator (94) includes a plate-shaped piezoelectric ceramic (95) and a pair of metal plates (96a, 96b) provided so as to sandwich the piezoelectric ceramic (95) therebetween. The case (97) enclosing the ultrasonic wave generation unit (94) is sealed and disposed at the bottom of the storage tank (41). The ultrasonic generator (94) is disposed at a position closer to the water supply port of the storage tank (41) than the electrode pair (64, 65) (in other words, a position far from the water injection port).

  The metal plate (96a, 96b) is supplied with the output signal (AC voltage) of the ultrasonic waveform generator (8) amplified by the amplifier (9). Thereby, an ultrasonic wave generation part (94) irradiates the liquid in a storage tank (41) with the ultrasonic wave of arbitrary frequencies.

  In addition, the ultrasonic wave generation part (94) may be installed at an arbitrary position within a range in which ultrasonic waves can be applied to the liquid in the storage tank (41). For example, as shown to Fig.4 (a), the ultrasonic wave generation part (94) may be installed in the bottom outer side of the storage tank (41), and inside a storage tank (41), electrode pair (64, It may be installed at a position closer to the water inlet than 65). When the ultrasonic generator (94) is installed outside the bottom of the storage tank (41), the ultrasonic wave is transmitted to the liquid via the wall surface of the storage tank (41).

  Moreover, the structure of an ultrasonic wave generation part (94) is not restricted to the example shown in FIG. For example, as shown in FIG. 4B, a plate-shaped piezoelectric ceramic (95) is sandwiched between the upper part of the metal case (97a) and the metal plate (96), and an AC voltage is supplied between the two. May be.

  On the other hand, a controller (80) is connected to the discharge unit (62). The controller (80) is connected to three temperature sensors (Se1 to Se3) and is provided with an operation control unit (81).

  The operation control unit (81) controls the purification operation of the discharge unit (62) according to the water temperature detected by the temperature sensors (Se1 to Se3). That is, the said operation control part (81) controls the discharge time of the said discharge unit (62) according to the water temperature which the temperature sensor (Se1-Se3) detected.

  Specifically, the operation control unit (81) is configured to shorten the discharge time of the discharge unit (62) as the water temperature increases. Moreover, the said operation control part (81) controls the discharge time of the said discharge unit (62) according to the lowest temperature among the water temperature which three temperature sensors (Se1-Se3) detected.

  Therefore, the basic principle of controlling the discharge time according to the water temperature will be described.

  First, the sterilization capacity of the water purification unit (60) changes according to the water temperature. When the concentration of hydrogen peroxide in the water purification unit (60) is constant and the water temperature is changed, the 90% sterilization operation time is shortened as the water temperature rises. That is, the sterilization ability of the water purification unit (60) having a constant hydrogen peroxide concentration increases as the water temperature increases.

  Further, the amount of hydrogen peroxide generated in the water purification unit (60) becomes higher as the water temperature rises.

  Therefore, in the present embodiment, as described above, the operation control unit (81) shortens the discharge time of the discharge unit (62) as the water temperature increases.

  The operation control unit (81) includes a water temperature determination unit, a discharge time calculation unit, and a discharge execution unit (not shown).

  The said water temperature determination part selects the lowest temperature among the water temperature which three temperature sensors (Se1-Se3) detected, and determines the lowest temperature as the water temperature of a hot water supply tank (41).

  The discharge time calculation unit stores in advance data indicating the relationship between the sterilization ability and the water temperature when the concentration of hydrogen peroxide is constant, and the relationship between the generation amount of hydrogen peroxide and the water temperature, and the water temperature determination unit determines The discharge time is calculated based on the water temperature.

  The discharge execution unit executes the discharge of the discharge unit (62) until the discharge time calculated by the discharge time calculation unit elapses, and stops the discharge of the discharge unit (62) when the discharge time elapses.

  In FIG. 2, the controller (80) is connected to the high voltage generator (70), and the operation controller (81) applies voltage to the electrode pair (64,65) of the high voltage generator (70). However, the present invention is not limited to this as long as the discharge time of the discharge unit (62) can be controlled. For example, the controller (80) is connected to the control unit (1), etc., and the operation control unit (81) transmits the voltage to the electrode pair (64, 65) of the high voltage generation unit (70) via the control unit (1). Application may be controlled on or off. Further, the control unit (1) may include a controller (80).

-Operation of hot water supply system-
Next, the basic operation of the hot water supply system (10) will be described with reference to FIG. In the hot water supply system (10), a “hot water supply operation” for supplying hot water into the bathtub and a “refreshing operation” for heating while circulating the water in the bathtub are performed.

<Hot-water supply operation>
In the hot water supply operation, the compressor (31) of the heat source unit (30) is operated, and the refrigeration cycle is performed in the refrigerant circuit (11). In the hot water supply unit (40), the first pump (43) and the third pump (45) are operated, and the second pump (44) and the fourth pump (48) are stopped. Further, the first on-off valve (46) and the second on-off valve (47) are opened, and the third on-off valve (49) is closed.

  When the first pump (43) is operated, the water in the hot water supply tank (41) flows out to the first circulation channel (13). This water flows through the secondary heat transfer section (32b) of the heating heat exchanger (32). In the heating heat exchanger (32), the heat of the refrigerant flowing through the primary heat transfer section (32a) is released to the water flowing through the secondary heat transfer section (32b), and this water is heated to a predetermined temperature. The heated water flows into the hot water supply tank (41) via the first circulation channel (13). Thereby, warm water of a predetermined temperature is stored in the hot water supply tank (41).

  When the third pump (45) is operated, the water (hot water) in the hot water supply tank (41) flows out to the main supply channel (17) and enters the first branch channel (18) and the second branch channel (19). Divide. The water that has flowed through the first branch passage (18) flows into the supply circulation passage (16a) of the third circulation passage (16). This water is discharged into the bathtub (U1) after passing through the supply circuit (16a). Thereby, the warm water of predetermined temperature is supplied in the bathtub (U1). On the other hand, the water that has flowed through the second branch path (19) is supplied to the shower (U2) side.

<Cooking operation>
In the additional cooking operation, the compressor (31) of the heat source unit (30) is operated, and the refrigeration cycle is performed in the refrigerant circuit (11). In the hot water supply unit (40), the first pump (43), the second pump (44), and the fourth pump (48) are operated. Further, the first on-off valve (46) is in a closed state, and the second on-off valve (47) and the third on-off valve (49) are in an open state.

  When the first pump (43) is operated, water in the hot water supply tank (41) flows through the first circulation channel (13). Thus, the water in the first circulation channel (13) is heated by the heating heat exchanger (32) and returned to the hot water supply tank (41).

  When the second pump (44) is operated, the water in the hot water supply tank (41) flows out to the second circulation channel (14). This water flows through the first heat transfer tube (42a) of the internal heat exchanger (42). In the internal heat exchanger (42), the heat of the water flowing through the first heat transfer tube (42a) is released to the water flowing through the second heat transfer tube (42b). The water radiated by the first heat transfer pipe (42a) flows into the hot water supply tank (41) via the second circulation channel (14).

  When the fourth pump (48) is operated, the water in the bathtub (U1) is sucked into the return circuit (16b) of the third circuit (16). The water flowing through the return circuit (16b) is heated by the internal heat exchanger (42) and then supplied to the bathtub (U1). Thereby, the temperature of the water in a bathtub (U1) becomes high gradually.

-Operation of water purification unit-
In the hot water supply system (10) of the present embodiment, the water purification unit (60) is operated to purify the stored water in the hot water supply tank (41).

  FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a basic cycle of liquid treatment by the liquid purification unit (60) of the present embodiment. As shown in the figure, the liquid such as water stored in the storage tank (41) is first purified by the discharge generated between the electrode pair (64, 65). At this time, active species such as hydroxyl radicals are generated in the liquid by discharge, and decomposition or sterilization of organic substances or the like is performed (steps St1 and St2 in FIG. 5). Hydroxyl radicals change to hydrogen peroxide in a short time (step St3).

  Next, an ultrasonic wave having an arbitrary frequency is propagated from the ultrasonic wave generation unit (94) to the liquid, hydrogen peroxide in the liquid is decomposed, and changed into hydroxyl radicals (step St4). However, in order to decompose hydrogen peroxide and efficiently generate hydroxyl radicals, it is particularly preferable that the frequency of the ultrasonic wave is about 100 kHz or more. Hydroxyl radicals generated by ultrasonic irradiation are changed to hydrogen peroxide again. However, since hydroxyl radicals used in liquid purification reactions such as sterilization change to water, the concentration of hydrogen peroxide decreases when the discharge is stopped and only ultrasonic irradiation is performed. It will be.

  In addition, you may perform said liquid purification | cleaning by what is called batch processing which replaces | exchanges all the liquid in a storage tank (41) for every time. Or you may purify | clean by the continuous process which performs the injection | pouring of the water to a storage tank (41), and the outflow of the liquid from a storage tank (41) continuously.

  First, the operation of the discharge unit (62) will be described.

  At the start of the operation of the water purification unit (60), as shown in FIG. 2, the space (S) in the insulating casing (71) is in a flooded state. When a predetermined voltage (for example, 1 kV) is applied from the high voltage generator (70) to the electrode pair (64, 65), an electric field is formed between the electrode pair (64, 65). The periphery of the electrode A (64) is covered with an insulating casing (71). For this reason, the leakage current between the electrode pair (64, 65) is suppressed, and the current density of the current path in the opening (74) is increased.

  As the current density in the opening (74) increases, the Joule heat in the opening (74) increases. As a result, in the insulating casing (71), the vaporization of water is promoted in the vicinity of the opening (74) to form bubbles (B). As shown in FIG. 6, the bubble (B) covers almost the entire area of the opening (74), and the bubble (B) is formed between the water on the electrode B (65) side and the electrode A (64). Intervene. Therefore, in this state, the bubble (B) functions as a resistance that prevents conduction between the electrode A (64) and the electrode B (65) via water. Thereby, the leakage current between the electrode A (64) and the electrode B (65) is suppressed, and a desired potential difference is maintained between the electrode pair (64, 65). Then, in the bubble (B), discharge is generated due to dielectric breakdown.

  As described above, when discharge is performed with the bubbles (B), active species such as hydroxyl radicals, hydrogen peroxide, and the like are generated in the water in the hot water supply tank (41). Active species such as hydroxyl radicals and hydrogen peroxide are convected in the hot water supply tank (41) by the heat accompanying the discharge. This promotes diffusion of active species and hydrogen peroxide in water. Further, when the discharge is performed with the bubbles (B), an ion wind is easily generated with the bubbles (B) along with the discharge. Therefore, in the hot water supply tank (41), the diffusion effect of active species and hydrogen peroxide can be further improved by using this ion wind.

  Further, as described above, copper ions are supplied to the hot water supply tank (41) when copper piping is used for the first circulation channel (13). In the presence of hydrogen peroxide and copper ions, copper ions act catalytically by the Fenton reaction to promote the generation of hydroxyl radicals. Thereby, the purification efficiency of the water by a hydroxyl radical improves. In addition, since copper ions have the effect of suppressing the growth of bacteria, the bactericidal action in water also increases.

  As described above, active species such as hydroxyl radicals diffused in water are used to purify water by oxidizing and decomposing components to be treated (for example, ammonia) contained in water. In addition, hydrogen peroxide diffused in water is used for water sterilization. Thereby, in the hot water supply system (10) of this embodiment, the cleanliness in the bathtub (U1) is maintained.

  Next, control of the discharge time of the discharge unit (62) will be described.

  First, water temperature data detected by three temperature sensors (Se1 to Se3) is input to the controller (80). Based on the water temperature data, the controller (80) controls the discharge unit (62) as shown in FIG.

  When the sterilization operation by the discharge unit (62) is started, in step S1, the water temperature sensor detects the water temperature of the hot water supply tank (41). And in step S2, a water temperature determination part selects the lowest temperature among the water temperature which three temperature sensors (Se1-Se3) detected, and determines the lowest temperature as the water temperature of a hot water supply tank (41).

  Subsequently, in step S3, the discharge time calculation unit stores in advance data indicating the relationship between the sterilization ability and the water temperature when the concentration of hydrogen peroxide is constant, and the relationship between the amount of hydrogen peroxide generated and the water temperature. The discharge time is calculated based on the water temperature determined by the water temperature determination unit.

  Thereafter, in step S4, the discharge execution unit executes the discharge of the discharge unit (62) until the discharge time calculated by the discharge time calculation unit elapses, and stops the discharge of the discharge unit (62) when the discharge time elapses. The sterilization operation is terminated.

  In this way, since the purification operation of the discharge unit (62) is controlled according to the water temperature, highly reliable purification can be performed and energy saving can be achieved.

  In this embodiment, the controller (80) controls the discharge time of the discharge unit (62). However, the controller (80) stores not only the discharge unit (62) but also the ultrasonic generator (94). For example, it may be connected to an ultrasonic wave generation unit (94) or the like so as to control on or off of ultrasonic irradiation to the liquid. If it does in this way, the ultrasonic irradiation time of an ultrasonic wave generation part (94) can be controlled according to water temperature. For example, when the water temperature is low, the discharge time of the discharge unit (62) is lengthened, and the ultrasonic wave irradiation time of the ultrasonic wave generator (94) is lengthened to effectively generate hydroxyl radicals. Can do.

  Next, a specific example of operation control of the liquid purification apparatus combining discharge and ultrasonic treatment will be described. FIG. 8 is a time chart showing an example of operation control when feedback control is performed using the concentration of hydrogen peroxide in the liquid. In the following method, hydrogen peroxide in the liquid is detected by the sensor (7).

  In this method, first, the operation is started in a state where liquid is accumulated in the storage tank (41). The controller (1) applies a predetermined voltage between the electrode pair (64, 65) to cause discharge. At this time, the ultrasonic wave generator (94) is turned off. As a result, the liquid is purified and the concentration of hydrogen peroxide in the liquid increases.

  Next, when the hydrogen peroxide concentration in the liquid exceeds a preset lower limit, the control unit (1) continues to supply voltage to the electrode pair (64, 65), and the control unit (5) The generator (94) is turned on to irradiate the liquid with ultrasonic waves. As a result, the liquid is purified by the hydroxyl radicals generated by the discharge and the hydroxyl radicals generated from the hydrogen peroxide. Since the amount of hydrogen peroxide generated by the discharge is larger than the amount of hydrogen peroxide decomposed by the ultrasonic wave, the concentration of hydrogen peroxide in the liquid increases during this period.

  Next, when the hydrogen peroxide concentration of the liquid exceeds a preset upper limit value, the control unit (1) stops the voltage supply to the electrode pair (64, 65) and stops the discharge. The controller (5) continues to turn on the ultrasonic generator (94) to irradiate the liquid with ultrasonic waves. Thereby, the liquid is purified by hydroxyl radicals generated from hydrogen peroxide. During this period, since the hydrogen peroxide is decomposed by the ultrasonic wave, the concentration of hydrogen peroxide in the liquid decreases.

  Next, when the hydrogen peroxide concentration in the liquid falls below the lower limit value, the control unit (1) resumes the voltage supply to the electrode pair (64, 65). Thereby, the concentration of hydrogen peroxide in the liquid rises again. Thereafter, by repeating the period of performing only the ultrasonic irradiation and the period of combining the ultrasonic irradiation and the discharge in the same manner, while controlling the hydrogen peroxide concentration of the liquid within the range of the lower limit value and the upper limit value, Purify the liquid.

-Effect of Embodiment 1-
As described above, according to the first embodiment, since the purification operation of the discharge unit (62) is controlled in accordance with the water temperature, highly reliable purification can be performed and energy saving can be achieved. Can do.

  That is, when the water temperature is high, the sterilization capability of the discharge unit (62) is high, so that the purification operation can be shortened, so that excessive sterilization operation can be prevented and the operation time can be shortened. Energy can be achieved.

  Conversely, when the water temperature is low, the sterilization capability of the discharge unit (62) is low, so that the purification operation can be lengthened, so that the shortage of the sterilization operation can be prevented.

  The discharge unit (62) is provided with three temperature sensors (Se1 to Se3), and the water temperature detected by the three temperature sensors (Se1 to Se3) is selected, and the lowest temperature is selected. Since it determines with the water temperature of a tank (41), the shortage and excess of disinfection operation | movement can be prevented reliably.

  Further, according to the first embodiment, the control unit (1) purifies the liquid by generating discharge and generating hydroxyl radicals until the hydrogen peroxide concentration of the liquid reaches the upper limit after the operation is started. Can do. Further, the control unit (5) turns on the ultrasonic wave generation unit (94) during a period in which the liquid hydrogen peroxide concentration exceeds the predetermined lower limit value, in other words, the hydrogen peroxide concentration is set to the predetermined lower limit value. The ultrasonic wave generation unit (94) is turned off during the period less than. That is, when sufficient hydrogen peroxide is present in the liquid, the hydroxyl radicals are generated by ultrasonic waves, so that the liquid can be effectively purified. Furthermore, by continuously irradiating with ultrasonic waves in the presence of a sufficient concentration of hydrogen peroxide, hydroxyl radicals can be continuously generated, so that a strong purification ability can be maintained for a predetermined period. it can.

  Furthermore, according to the above-described method, the concentration of hydrogen peroxide in the liquid supplied from the storage tank (41) can be suppressed to the upper limit value or less, so that the process for removing hydrogen peroxide is facilitated. be able to.

  According to the liquid purification apparatus of the present embodiment, as described above, the purification capability is improved without increasing the hydrogen peroxide concentration of the liquid by combining discharge in the liquid and ultrasonic irradiation of the liquid. It becomes possible to plan together.

  When liquid is continuously processed, the ultrasonic wave generator (94) is placed closer to the water supply port than the electrode pair (64, 65), and is effective by irradiating ultrasonic waves from hydrogen peroxide generated by discharge. Thus, hydroxyl radicals can be generated.

  Moreover, in FIG. 2, the control part (1) which controls ON / OFF of the voltage applied to an electrode pair (64,65), and the control part (5) which controls operation | movement of an ultrasonic wave generation part (94) are included. Although provided separately, it is also possible to control the on / off of the voltage applied to the electrode pair (64, 65) and the operation of the ultrasonic wave generator (94) by one control unit.

  In the liquid purification apparatus of the present embodiment, bacteria and the like that propagate in the storage tank (41) can be effectively sterilized simultaneously with the liquid purification process by the hydroxyl radical generated by the discharge and ultrasonic irradiation.

<Modification of Embodiment 1>
In the first embodiment, one opening (74) is formed in the lid (73) of the insulating casing (71). However, for example, as shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, a plurality of openings (74) may be formed in the lid (73) of the insulating casing (71). For simplification of the drawing, FIG. 9 shows an electrode B (65), a lid (73), etc., which are different from the first embodiment, and an ultrasonic generator (94) and a high voltage generator ( 70) etc., which are the same as those in Embodiment 1, are omitted. In this modification, the lid portion (73) of the insulating casing (71) is formed in a substantially square plate shape, and a plurality of openings (74) are arranged in a grid pattern in the lid portion (73) at regular intervals. Has been. On the other hand, the electrode A (64) and the electrode B (65) are formed in a square plate shape over all the openings (74).

  Also in this modification, each opening (74) functions as a current density concentration part and a gas phase formation part. As a result, when a voltage is applied from the high voltage generator (70) to the electrode pair (64, 65), the current density of each opening (74) increases, and bubbles (B) are formed in each opening (74). Is done. As a result, an electric discharge is generated in each bubble (B), and active species such as hydroxyl radicals and hydrogen peroxide are generated.

<Embodiment 2 of the invention>
The hot water supply system (10) of the second embodiment is different from the first embodiment described above in the configuration of the discharge unit (62). In the following, differences from the first embodiment will be mainly described. In FIGS. 11 and 12, for the sake of simplification of the drawings, portions different from those in the first embodiment are shown, and are the same as those in the first embodiment such as the ultrasonic generator (94) and the high voltage generator (70). The part is omitted.

  As shown in FIG. 11, the discharge unit (62) of Embodiment 2 is configured as a so-called flange unit type that is inserted and fixed from the outside to the inside of the hot water supply tank (41). In the discharge unit (62) of the second embodiment, the electrode A (64), the electrode B (65), and the insulating casing (71) are integrally assembled.

  The insulating casing (71) has a substantially outer shape that is cylindrical. The insulating casing (71) has a case body (72) and a lid (73).

  The case body (72) is made of an insulating material made of glass or resin. The case body (72) includes a cylindrical base portion (76), a cylindrical wall portion (77) projecting from the base portion (76) toward the hot water supply tank (41), and the cylindrical wall portion (77). And an annular convex portion (78) protruding further toward the hot water supply tank (41) side. The case body (72) is integrally formed with a distal end cylindrical portion (79) on the distal end side of the annular convex portion (78). A cylindrical insertion port (76a) is formed in the axial center portion of the base portion (76) so as to extend in the axial direction. A cylindrical space (S) that is coaxial with the insertion port (76a) and has a larger diameter than the insertion port (76a) is formed inside the cylindrical wall (77).

  The said cover part (73) is formed in the substantially disc shape, and is fitted inside the annular convex part (78). The lid (73) is made of a ceramic material. As in the first embodiment, one circular opening (74) penetrating the lid (73) up and down is formed at the axis of the lid (73).

  The electrode A (64) is a vertically long rod-shaped electrode having a circular cross section perpendicular to the axis. The electrode A (64) is fitted in the insertion opening (76a) of the base (76). Thereby, the electrode A (64) is accommodated in the insulating casing (71). In the second embodiment, the end of the electrode A (64) opposite to the hot water tank (41) is exposed to the outside of the hot water tank (41). For this reason, the power supply part (70) arrange | positioned outside the hot water supply tank (41) and the electrode A (64) can be easily connected by electrical wiring.

  The end (64a) on the hot water tank (41) side of the electrode A (64) faces the space (S) inside the insulating casing (71). In the example shown in FIG. 11, the end portion (64a) of the electrode A (64) protrudes above the opening surface of the insertion port (76a) (on the hot water supply tank (41) side). The tip surface of the portion (64a) may be substantially flush with the opening surface of the insertion port (76a), or the end portion (64a) may be recessed below the opening surface of the insertion port (76a). In addition, the electrode A (64) has a predetermined gap between the electrode A (64) and the lid (73) having the opening (74), as in the first embodiment.

  The electrode B (65) includes a cylindrical electrode body (65a) and a flange portion (65b) projecting radially outward from the electrode body (65a). The electrode body (65a) is externally fitted to the case body (72) of the insulating casing (71). The flange part (65b) constitutes a fixed part that is fixed to the wall part of the hot water supply tank (41) and holds the discharge unit (62). In a state where the discharge unit (62) is fixed to the hot water supply tank (41), a part of the electrode body (65a) of the electrode B (65) is immersed.

  The electrode B (65) includes an inner cylindrical portion (65c) having a smaller diameter than the electrode main body (65a), and a connecting portion (between the inner cylindrical portion (65c) and the electrode main body (65a)). 65d). The inner cylinder part (65c) and the connecting part (65d) are immersed in the water in the hot water supply tank (41). The inner cylinder part (65c) forms the cylindrical space (67) in the inside. One end of the inner cylinder portion (65c) in the axial direction constitutes a holding portion that contacts the lid portion (73) and holds the lid portion (73). Further, the tip cylinder part (79) of the case body (72) is fitted between the electrode body (65a), the inner cylinder part (65c), and the connecting part (65d). On the other end side in the axial direction of the inner cylinder portion (65c), a mesh-shaped leakage preventing material (68) is provided so as to cover the cylindrical space (67). The leakage preventing material (68) is substantially grounded by being in contact with the electrode B (65). Thereby, the leakage preventive material (68) prevents the leakage from the inside to the outside of the cylindrical space (67) in the space (underwater) inside the hot water supply tank (41).

  The electrode B (65) is in a state in which a part of the electrode body (65a) is exposed to the outside of the hot water supply tank (41). For this reason, the high voltage generation part (70) and the electrode B (65) can be easily connected by electric wiring. Other configurations such as the ultrasonic generator (94) and the operation controller (81) are the same as those in the first embodiment.

-Operation of water purification unit-
Also in the hot water supply system (10) of Embodiment 2, the water purification unit (60) is operated to purify the water flowing through the water flow path (12).

  At the start of operation of the water purification unit (60), as shown in FIG. 11, the space (S) in the insulating casing (71) is in a flooded state. When a predetermined voltage (for example, 1 kV) is applied from the power supply unit (70) to the electrode pair (64, 65), the current density inside the opening (74) increases.

  When a voltage is continuously applied to the electrode pair (64, 65) from the state shown in FIG. 11, water in the opening (74) is vaporized to form bubbles (B) (see FIG. 12). ). In this state, the bubble (B) covers almost the entire area of the opening (74), and the resistance due to the bubble (B) is between the negative electrode side water in the cylindrical space (67) and the electrode A (64). Is granted. As a result, the potential difference between the electrode A (64) and the electrode B (65) is maintained, and discharge occurs in the bubbles (B). As a result, hydroxyl radicals and hydrogen peroxide are generated in water, and these components are used for water purification. In addition, operations and effects of the ultrasonic wave generation unit (94) and the operation control unit (81) are the same as those in the first embodiment.

<Modification of Embodiment 2>
In the second embodiment, one opening (74) is formed in the axis of the disc-shaped lid (73). However, even if a plurality of openings (74) are formed in the lid (73). Good. In the example shown in FIG. 13, five openings (74) are arranged at equal intervals on a virtual pitch circle centered on the axis of the lid (73). Thus, by forming a plurality of openings (74) in the lid part (73), it is possible to cause a discharge in the vicinity of each opening (74).

Embodiment 3 of the Invention
Hereinafter, the operation of the liquid purification apparatus according to the third embodiment of the present invention will be described. In addition, the structure of the liquefaction apparatus of this embodiment is the same structure as Embodiment 1.

  FIG. 14 is a time chart showing an example of operation control in the case where feedforward control is performed using the measured value of the change in the concentration of hydrogen peroxide.

  The liquid purification device used here is not necessarily provided with the sensor (7). However, when only the discharge is performed, the time T1 required for the hydrogen peroxide concentration of the liquid in the storage tank (41) to reach the lower limit from 0, the excess of the liquid when the discharge and the ultrasonic irradiation are performed simultaneously. The time T2 required for the hydrogen oxide concentration to reach the upper limit value from the lower limit value and the time T3 required to reach the lower limit value from the upper limit value when only ultrasonic irradiation is performed are measured in advance. Data is stored in a memory (not shown) provided inside or outside the control unit (1, 5). The control unit (1, 5) performs the following control based on the measurement data. A timer for counting time is provided inside or outside the control unit (1, 5).

  In the method according to the present embodiment, first, the control unit (1) applies a predetermined voltage between the electrode pair (64, 65) to cause discharge. At this time, the ultrasonic wave generator (94) is turned off. As a result, the liquid is purified and the concentration of hydrogen peroxide in the liquid increases.

  Next, when time T1 elapses from the start of operation, the control unit (1) continues to supply voltage to the electrode pair (64, 65), and the control unit (5) turns on the ultrasonic wave generation unit (94). The liquid is irradiated with ultrasonic waves. As a result, the liquid is purified by the hydroxyl radicals generated by the discharge and the hydroxyl radicals generated from the hydrogen peroxide. Even during this period, the concentration of hydrogen peroxide in the liquid increases.

  Next, when the time T2 has elapsed, the control unit (1) stops the voltage supply to the electrode pair (64, 65) and stops the discharge. The controller (5) continues to turn on the ultrasonic generator (94) to irradiate the liquid with ultrasonic waves. Thereby, the liquid is purified by hydroxyl radicals generated from hydrogen peroxide. During this period, the concentration of hydrogen peroxide in the liquid decreases.

  Next, when the time T3 further elapses, the control unit (1) resumes the voltage supply to the electrode pair (64, 65) and continues this state for the time T2. Thereby, the concentration of hydrogen peroxide in the liquid rises again. Thereafter, similarly, by repeating a period in which only ultrasonic irradiation is performed (time T3) and a period in which ultrasonic irradiation and discharge are combined (time T2), the hydrogen peroxide concentration of the liquid is not less than the lower limit and not more than the upper limit. The liquid is purified while being controlled within the range.

  Also by the above method, it is possible to purify the liquid while controlling the concentration of hydrogen peroxide in the liquid within the range of the lower limit value and the upper limit value. This is an embodiment of the operation, and the liquid can be purified by other methods.

<Embodiment 4 of the Invention>
FIG. 15 is a configuration diagram illustrating a liquid purification apparatus according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention. In the same figure, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected about the structure similar to the liquid purification apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 1. FIG. The discharge waveform generator (3), the controller (1,5), the amplifier (9), and the sensor (7) are not shown in FIG. 15, but are actually included in the liquid purification apparatus of this embodiment. Is provided. Below, a different point from the liquid purification apparatus mainly concerning Embodiment 1 is demonstrated.

  The liquid purification apparatus of the present embodiment includes a storage tank (41), an electrode pair (64x, 65x) disposed in the storage tank (41), and a high voltage generator connected to the electrode pair (64x, 65x) (Power supply part) (70a) and the ultrasonic wave generation part (94) installed in the bottom part of the storage tank (41) are provided.

  The electrode (64x) is housed inside the insulating casing (71a), and the electrode (65x) is housed inside the insulating casing (71b). The electrode (64x) and the electrode (65x) are each formed in a flat plate shape. The electrode (64x) and the electrode (65x) are made of a conductive metal material such as stainless steel or copper. The high voltage generator (70a) supplies a voltage of several kilovolts to the electrode pair (64x, 65x).

  The insulating casings (71a, 71b) are made of, for example, an insulating material such as ceramics, and have the same configuration as the insulating casing (71) shown in FIG.

  That is, the insulating casing (71a) includes a container-like case body (180a) whose one surface (right surface in FIG. 15) is opened, and a plate-like lid portion that closes the open portion of the case body (180a). (73a). The insulating casing (71b) includes a container-like case body (180b) whose one surface (left surface in FIG. 15) is open, and a plate-like lid portion that closes the open portion of the case body (180b). (73b).

  One opening (74a) that penetrates the lid (73a) in the thickness direction is formed in the lid (73a) of the insulating casing (71a). One opening (74b) penetrating the lid (73b) in the thickness direction is also formed in the lid (73b) of the insulating casing (71b). These openings (74a, 74b) allow formation of an electric field between the electrode (64x) and the electrode (65x). The inner diameter of the openings (74a, 74b) is preferably 0.02 mm or more and 0.5 mm or less. The openings (74a, 74b) as described above constitute a current density concentration portion that increases the current density of the current path between the electrode pair (64x, 65x).

  The insulating casings (71a, 71b) are installed on the side surfaces facing each other in the storage tank (41) so that the lid portions (73a, 73b) face each other. In other words, the electrode (64x) and the electrode (65x) are arranged to face each other.

  In the openings (74a, 74b) of the insulating casing (71a, 71b), the current density in the current path increases, so that the liquid is vaporized by Joule heat and bubbles are formed. That is, the opening (74a, 74b) of the insulating casing (71a, 71b) functions as a gas phase forming part that forms bubbles as a gas phase part in the opening (74a, 74b). With this configuration, when a voltage is supplied to the electrode pair (64x, 65x), discharge can be generated in the bubbles between the electrode pair (64x, 65x).

  The specific configuration of the ultrasonic generator (94) is the same as that of the liquid purification apparatus according to the first embodiment.

  By operating the liquid purification apparatus of the present embodiment by the method shown in FIG. 8 or FIG. 14, the liquid in the storage tank (41) is maintained while maintaining the concentration of hydrogen peroxide in the liquid within a predetermined range. It can be effectively purified.

<Embodiment 5 of the Invention>
FIG. 16 is a configuration diagram illustrating a liquid purification apparatus according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention. In the same figure, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected about the structure similar to the liquid purification apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 1. FIG. The discharge waveform generator (3), the controller (1,5), the amplifier (9), and the sensor (7) are not shown in FIG. 16, but are actually included in the liquid purification apparatus of this embodiment. Is provided. Below, a different point from the liquid purification apparatus mainly concerning Embodiment 1 is demonstrated.

  The liquid purification apparatus of this embodiment includes a storage tank (41), an electrode pair (64, 65) disposed in the storage tank (41), and a high voltage generator connected to the electrode pair (64, 65). (Power supply part) (70b) and the ultrasonic wave generation part (94) installed in the bottom part of the storage tank (41) are provided.

  In the liquid purification apparatus of the present embodiment, the electrode A (64) and the electrode B (65) are respectively connected to the positive electrode side and the negative electrode side of the high voltage generator (70b), and the electrode from the high voltage generator (70b) to the electrode The difference from the liquid purification apparatus according to the first embodiment is that a high voltage pulse voltage is supplied to the pair (64, 65).

  Further, the insulating casing (71) surrounding the electrode A (64) is not provided. The electrode A (64) and the electrode B (65) are both plate-shaped and are installed on the side surfaces in the storage tank (41) so as to face each other.

  Further, the liquid purification apparatus includes, for example, a nozzle (discharge) provided at a position at least between the electrode pair (64, 65) and lower than the electrode pair (64, 65), such as the bottom of the storage tank (41). (Means) (119) and an air pump (sending means) (99) for sending a gas such as air to the nozzle (119). The gas in the storage tank (41) is circulated through the nozzle (119) by the air pump (99). However, gas may be supplied from the outside into the storage tank (41) by the air pump (99).

  The configuration of the ultrasonic generator (94) is the same as that of the liquid purification apparatus according to the first embodiment, and may be installed at the bottom of the storage tank (41). Can be placed at any position as long as it can be irradiated.

  Bubbles are discharged from the nozzle (119) into the liquid at least during the period during which the discharge treatment is performed. By supplying a pulse voltage to the electrode pair (64, 65) in a state where bubbles are present in the liquid, a discharge is generated inside the bubbles and hydroxyl radicals are generated.

  In the liquid purification apparatus according to the present embodiment, liquid purification that combines discharge and ultrasonic irradiation is performed by basically the same method as the liquid purification apparatus according to the first embodiment, that is, the method illustrated in FIG. However, during the discharge process shown in FIG. 8 or FIG. 14, a pulse voltage is intermittently supplied from the high voltage generator (70b) to the electrode pair (64, 65), and between the electrode pair (64, 65). Discharge occurs intermittently.

  According to the above configuration and method, even when a pulse discharge is generated between the electrode pair (64, 65), hydroxyl radicals can be generated efficiently. High purification ability can be exhibited without increasing the concentration.

<Sixth Embodiment of the Invention>
FIG. 17 is a configuration diagram illustrating a liquid purification apparatus according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention. In the same figure, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected about the structure similar to the liquid purification apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 1, Embodiment 4. FIG. The discharge waveform generator (3), the controller (1,5), the amplifier (9), and the sensor (7) are not shown in FIG. 17, but are actually included in the liquid purification apparatus of this embodiment. Is provided. Hereinafter, differences from the liquid purification apparatus according to the fourth embodiment will be mainly described.

  The liquid purification apparatus of the present embodiment includes a storage tank (41), an electrode pair (64y, 65y) disposed in the storage tank (41), and a high voltage generator connected to the electrode pair (64y, 65y) (Power supply unit) (70c) and an ultrasonic wave generation unit (94) installed at the bottom of the storage tank (41).

  The electrode (64y) and the electrode (65y) are respectively installed on the side surfaces in the storage tank (41) so as to face each other.

  The electrode (64y) has at least one conductive part (164) and an insulating part (165) surrounding the conductive part (164).

The electrode (65y) has at least one conductive portion (166) and an insulating portion (167) surrounding the conductive portion (166). As described above, the conductive portion (164) of the electrode (64y) Since the area of the exposed surface and the exposed surface of the conductive portion (166) in the electrode (65y) is small, when voltage is supplied to the electrode pair (64y, 65y), the current density is concentrated on the surface of the conductive portion (164,166). Part is formed. Therefore, on the surface of the conductive portion (164, 166), the liquid is vaporized by Joule heat to form bubbles. By continuing the voltage supply from the high voltage generator (70c) in a state where the exposed surfaces of the conductive parts (164, 166) are covered with the bubbles, a discharge is generated inside the bubbles.

  The specific configuration of the ultrasonic generator (94) is the same as that of the liquid purification apparatus according to the first embodiment.

  By operating the liquid purification apparatus of the present embodiment by the method shown in FIG. 8 or FIG. 14, the liquid in the storage tank (41) is maintained while maintaining the concentration of hydrogen peroxide in the liquid within a predetermined range. It can be effectively purified.

  Even with the above configuration, by combining discharge between the electrode pair (64y, 65y) and ultrasonic irradiation, high purification ability can be exhibited without increasing the hydrogen peroxide concentration.

<Other embodiments>
The present invention may be configured as follows for each of the above embodiments.

  In each of the above embodiments, the operation control unit (81) is configured to control the discharge time of the discharge unit (62). However, the operation control unit (81) may be configured to control the power supplied to the electrode pair (64, 65) of the discharge unit (62). That is, the operation control unit (81) may be configured to reduce the power supplied to the electrode pair (64, 65) of the discharge unit (62) as the temperature of the stored liquid increases.

  For example, the said operation control part (81) is provided with the water temperature determination part, the electric power calculation part replaced with the discharge time calculation part of Embodiment 1, and the discharge execution part.

  The said water temperature determination part selects the lowest temperature among the water temperatures which three temperature sensors (Se1-Se3) detected, for example, and determines the lowest temperature as the water temperature of a hot water supply tank (41).

  The power calculation unit previously stores data indicating the relationship between the sterilization ability and the water temperature when the concentration of hydrogen peroxide is constant, and the relationship between the amount of hydrogen peroxide generated and the water temperature, and the water temperature determination unit determines Based on the water temperature, power supplied to the electrode pair (64, 65), for example, supply current or applied voltage is calculated.

  The discharge execution unit controls the discharge unit (62) to the current value or the voltage value calculated by the power calculation unit.

  As a result, when the water temperature is high, the sterilization capability of the discharge unit (62) is high, so that the power supplied to the discharge unit (62) can be reduced, so that excessive sterilization operation can be prevented. Thus, it is possible to save energy by reducing the supply power.

  Conversely, when the water temperature is low, the sterilization ability of the discharge unit (62) is low, so that the power supplied to the discharge unit (62) can be increased, so that lack of sterilization operation can be prevented. . Other configurations, operations, and effects are the same as those of the first embodiment.

  Moreover, although each said embodiment demonstrated the hot water supply system (10) provided with the discharge unit (62), the liquid which this invention purifies is not restricted to hot water supply water, The water of hydroponics is various solutions. Of course there may be.

  Further, the temperature detection unit is not limited to three temperature sensors (Se1 to Se3), and may be one temperature sensor, or may be three or more temperature sensors.

  In addition, the above embodiment is an essentially preferable illustration, Comprising: It does not intend restrict | limiting the range of this invention, its application thing, or its use.

  As described above, the present invention is useful for a liquid purifier that purifies various liquids.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1, 5 Control part 3 Discharge waveform generation part 7 Sensor 8 Ultrasonic waveform generation part 9 Amplifier 10 Hot-water supply system 41 Hot-water supply tank (storage tank)
60 Water purification unit (liquid purification device)
62 Discharge unit 64, 178 Electrode A
64x, 64y electrode 65, 170 electrode B
65x, 65y electrode 70 high voltage generator (power supply)
Se1 to Se3 Water temperature sensor (temperature detector)
80 controller 81 operation control unit 94 ultrasonic generation unit 95 piezoelectric ceramic 96, 96a, 96b metal plate 97 case 99 air pump (feeding means)
119 Nozzle (Discharging means)

Claims (13)

A storage tank (41) for storing liquid;
An electrode pair (64, 64x, 64y, 65, 65x, 65y) provided in the storage tank (41) and causing discharge in the stored liquid in the storage tank (41), and the electrode pair (64, 64x , 64y, 65, 65x, 65y) and a power source (70, 70a, 70b, 70c) for applying a voltage, and the discharge generates a hydroxyl radical in the stored liquid to purify the stored liquid. A discharge unit (62);
An ultrasonic generator that converts hydrogen peroxide in the stored liquid generated by changing the generated hydroxyl radicals into hydroxyl radicals by irradiating the stored liquid in the storage tank (41) with ultrasonic waves. (94)
A temperature detector (Se1 to Se3) for detecting the temperature of the stored liquid in the storage tank (41);
A liquid purification apparatus comprising: an operation control unit (81) for controlling the purification operation of the discharge unit (62) according to the temperature of the stored liquid detected by the temperature detection unit (Se1 to Se3). In claim 1,
The said operation control part (81) is comprised so that the discharge time of the said discharge unit (62) may be controlled according to the temperature of a stored liquid, The liquid purification apparatus characterized by the above-mentioned. In claim 2,
The said operation control part (81) is comprised so that the discharge time of the said discharge unit (62) may be shortened as the temperature of a stored liquid becomes high. In claim 1,
The said operation control part (81) is comprised so that the electric power supplied to the electrode pair (64,64x, 64y, 65,65x, 65y) of the said discharge unit (62) according to the temperature of the stored liquid may be controlled. A liquid purification apparatus characterized by that. In claim 4,
The operation control unit (81) is configured to reduce the power supplied to the electrode pair (64, 64x, 64y, 65, 65x, 65y) of the discharge unit (62) as the temperature of the stored liquid increases. A liquid purification apparatus characterized by being made. In claim 1,
While the temperature detectors (Se1 to Se3) are provided at a plurality of locations in the storage tank (41),
The operation control unit (81) is configured to control the purification operation of the discharge unit (62) according to the lowest temperature among the temperatures of the stored liquid detected by the plurality of temperature detection units (Se1 to Se3). A liquid purification apparatus characterized by comprising: In claim 1,
A first controller (1) for controlling on or off of a voltage applied to the electrode pair (64, 64x, 64y, 65, 65x, 65y);
A second controller (5) for controlling the operation of the ultrasonic generator (94),
The first control unit (1) and the second control unit (5) are configured so that the concentration of hydrogen peroxide contained in the stored liquid in the storage tank (41) does not exceed a predetermined upper limit value. A liquid purification apparatus characterized by controlling on / off of a voltage applied to the electrode pair (64, 64x, 64y, 65, 65x, 65y) and the operation of the ultrasonic wave generation unit (94), respectively. In claim 7,
A sensor (7) for monitoring the concentration of hydrogen peroxide contained in the stored liquid in the storage tank (41);
The first control unit (1) controls on or off of a voltage applied to the electrode pair (64, 64x, 64y, 65, 65x, 65y) according to a monitoring result by the sensor (7),
The liquid control apparatus, wherein the second control unit (5) controls the operation of the ultrasonic wave generation unit (94) in accordance with a monitoring result by the sensor (7). In claim 8,
When at least the concentration of hydrogen peroxide in the stored liquid exceeds the upper limit, the first control unit (1) applies the electrode pair (64, 64x, 64y, 65, 65x, 65y). The liquid purifying apparatus is characterized in that the discharge is stopped by turning off the voltage to be operated, and the second control unit (5) operates the ultrasonic wave generation unit (94). In any one of Claims 7 thru | or 9,
The second control unit (5) includes the ultrasonic generator (during the period when the concentration of hydrogen peroxide contained in the stored liquid in the storage tank (41) exceeds a predetermined lower limit value lower than the upper limit value. 94) A liquid purifying apparatus characterized by turning on an on-state. In claim 1,
A control unit for controlling on or off of the voltage applied to the electrode pair (64, 64x, 64y, 65, 65x, 65y) and controlling the operation of the ultrasonic wave generation unit (94);
The controller controls the electrode pairs (64, 64x, 64y, 65, 65x, 65y so that the concentration of hydrogen peroxide contained in the stored liquid in the storage tank (41) does not exceed a predetermined upper limit value. The liquid purifying apparatus is characterized by controlling on / off of a voltage applied to the first and second ultrasonic generators (94) and operation of the ultrasonic generator (94). In claim 11,
When the concentration of hydrogen peroxide contained in the stored liquid in the storage tank (41) exceeds a predetermined upper limit value, the control unit determines that the electrode pair (64, 64x, 64y, 65, 65x, 65y) is turned off to stop the discharge, and during the period in which the concentration of hydrogen peroxide contained in the stored liquid exceeds a predetermined lower limit value lower than the upper limit value, the ultrasonic wave generator (94) A liquid purification apparatus characterized by turning on the liquid. In any one of claims 1 to 12,
Discharge means (119) for discharging bubbles into the stored liquid in the storage tank (41);
A delivery means (99) for sending gas to the discharge means (119);
The electrode pair (64, 65) is plate-shaped and arranged to face each other.
The power source (70b) applies a pulse voltage to the electrode pair (64, 65),
The liquid purifier according to claim 1, wherein the discharge means (119) is disposed between the electrode pair (64, 65) and at the bottom of the storage tank (41).

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