JP2013123324A - Commutator motor and electric apparatus with the same - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a commutator motor and an electric apparatus with the same, capable of preventing deterioration of magnetic characteristics and improving efficiency.SOLUTION: A commutator motor includes: a magnetic field containing a magnetic field core 31 in a rectangular tube shape formed by winding a magnetic field winding; and an armature formed by winding an armature winding via a slot of an armature core 41 and provided in the tube of the magnetic field core 31 rotatably. The magnetic field core 31 includes: a frame part 34 forming a rectangular shape; and a pair of magnetic pole part 35 protruding from a pair of side parts 34d opposed to each other of the frame part toward an inside of the tube. And a width B of a root of the magnetic pole part 35 is set to at least 1.1 times larger than a diameter A of a slot bottom of the armature core 41.

Description

  The present invention relates to a commutator motor provided in an electric device such as an electric blower or a vacuum cleaner equipped with the electric blower.

  Conventionally, this type of commutator motor is provided with a magnetic pole part facing the inside of a substantially square cylindrical field core cylinder, and a coil is wound around the magnetic pole part, and an armature is provided between the magnetic pole parts of the field core. Is configured to be rotatable. Moreover, in this kind of commutator motor used for a vacuum cleaner, the thing with an outer diameter of 75 mm-100 mm has become mainstream.

  In such a commutator motor, in order to ensure the amount of magnetic flux flowing in the motor and improve the efficiency, a technique for changing the width of each orthogonal side portion of the field core has been proposed (for example, (See Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2).

  FIG. 6 is a plan view showing a configuration of a field core of a conventional commutator motor described in Patent Document 1. FIG. As shown in FIG. 6, the field core 97 includes two pairs of orthogonal side portions 97a and 97b and a magnetic pole portion 97c provided so as to face each other. When the width of the pair of side portions 97b provided with the magnetic pole portion 97c is Db and the width of the other pair of side portions is Da, the relationship between Da and Db is Da <Db.

JP 2000-32688 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-2225026

  This type of commutator motor has a configuration in which magnetic fluxes generated from a field coil and an armature coil when energized are combined. For this reason, the distribution of the magnetic flux density in the field core is biased, and the magnetic flux is concentrated in a partial region, so that magnetic saturation is likely to occur. When this magnetic saturation occurs, the magnetic characteristics are deteriorated, causing a problem that the efficiency of the motor is reduced.

  FIG. 7 is a magnetic flux density distribution diagram showing a magnetic flux density distribution in a field core equivalent to the conventional commutator motor described above. That is, in order to search for a location where magnetic saturation is likely to occur during energization, the magnetic flux density of each part per cycle is calculated using CAE used for structural analysis and the like, and the magnetic flux density distribution as shown in FIG. Asked. In FIG. 7, the higher the concentration, the higher the magnetic flux density. As a result, as indicated by an arrow in FIG. 7, the magnetic flux density is highest in the vicinity of one tip where the magnetic pole portion protrudes. From this result, it can be seen that the portion where magnetic saturation is likely to occur is not the side portions but the magnetic pole portions. That is, when magnetic saturation occurs in the magnetic pole portion, the magnetic characteristics of the region deteriorate, and the effective magnetic flux decreases.

  Furthermore, from this result, in order to suppress magnetic saturation, it is not sufficient to change the width of each side part, which is a part of the path through which the magnetic flux flows, as in the conventional configuration described above. In other words, the conventional contrivance only with the width of the side portion cannot be expected to improve when magnetic saturation occurs in the armature core or the magnetic pole portion, and there is a possibility that the efficiency reduction due to the deterioration of the magnetic characteristics cannot be sufficiently suppressed. there were.

  The present invention has been made to solve such a problem, and an object of the present invention is to provide a commutator motor that prevents deterioration of magnetic characteristics and improves efficiency, and an electric device including the commutator motor. To do.

  In order to achieve such an object, a commutator motor according to the present invention includes a field including a rectangular cylindrical field core wound with a field winding, and an armature winding with an armature core slot. A commutator motor comprising an armature that is wound around and rotatably provided in a cylinder of the field core, wherein the field core is opposed to the frame portion and the frame portion that form a square shape. And a pair of magnetic pole portions protruding inward from the pair of side portions. The width of the base of the magnetic pole part is at least 1.1 times the diameter of the slot bottom part of the armature core.

  Thereby, magnetic saturation in the entire path through which the magnetic flux flows can be suppressed.

  In the commutator motor of the present invention, the magnetic pole part is disposed on one side of the frame part facing each other, and the width of the other side part of the frame part facing each other becomes narrower from the end to the center. However, the width of the central part of the other side part is narrower than the width of one side part.

  This makes it possible to reduce the weight of the commutator motor without causing magnetic saturation.

  Moreover, the electric device of the present invention is configured to include such a commutator motor of the present invention.

  Since the commutator motor of the present invention can suppress magnetic saturation in the entire path through which magnetic flux flows, it is possible to improve the efficiency while preventing the deterioration of magnetic characteristics and to reduce the weight.

The block diagram of the electric blower provided with the commutator motor in embodiment of this invention Plan view of field core of commutator motor Plan view of the armature core of the commutator motor The top view which shows the arrangement | positioning relationship between the field core and armature core of the commutator motor The figure which shows the ratio of the magnetic flux of an armature core and a magnetic pole part in each created model Plan view showing the configuration of a field core of a conventional commutator motor Maximum magnetic flux density distribution diagram showing the magnetic flux density distribution in the field core

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Note that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments.

(Embodiment)
An electrical device using a commutator motor in an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In this embodiment, an electric blower using the commutator motor provided in the vacuum cleaner will be described as an example of such an electric device.

  FIG. 1 is a partial cross-sectional view illustrating a configuration of an electric blower 10 including a commutator motor 20 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

  The electric blower 10 has a configuration in which the commutator motor 20 of the present embodiment is provided in a substantially cup-shaped bracket 12 having one opened. As shown in FIG. 1, the commutator motor 20 includes a stator 30 that is a field and a rotor 40 that is an armature.

  The stator 30 has a field winding 32 wound around a field core 31 having a rectangular cylindrical shape. Such a stator 30 is fixed inside the bracket 12.

  On the other hand, the rotor 40 includes an armature core 41, an armature winding 42, a rotating shaft 43, and a commutator 45. An armature winding 42 is wound around the armature core 41, and a rotary shaft 43 is coupled so as to penetrate the center of the armature core 41. The rotor 40 is rotatably supported at both ends of the rotating shaft 43 by the bearings 13. Further, a commutator 45 is disposed on the rotating shaft 43.

  A brush holder 14 is fixed to the bracket 12. Further, the brush holder 14 holds a pair of carbon brushes (not shown). The pair of carbon brushes are in contact with the commutator 45. The commutator motor 20 is configured as described above.

  In the electric blower 10, a fan case 15 is attached so as to cover the opened side of the bracket 12. The rotating shaft 43 of the rotor 40 extends from the opening of the bracket 12 into the fan case 15, and the centrifugal fan 16 is attached to the tip of the rotating shaft 43. Further, an air guide 17 is attached between the centrifugal fan 16 and the opening of the bracket 12. Thus, the centrifugal fan 16 and the air guide 17 are disposed in the fan case 15.

  In the electric blower 10 configured as described above, when electric power is supplied from the outside to the commutator motor 20, an armature current flows to the armature winding 42 via the carbon brush and the commutator 45 and the stator 30. A field current flows through the field winding 32. A force is generated between the magnetic flux generated in the field core 31 by the field current and the armature current flowing through the armature winding 42, and the rotor 40 rotates. As the rotor 40 rotates, the centrifugal fan 16 rotates. By this rotation, air is sucked from the intake port 18 and flows into the centrifugal fan 16 and is discharged out of the electric blower 10 through the bracket 12.

  Next, a more detailed configuration of the commutator motor 20 will be described.

  FIG. 2 is a plan view of field core 31 of commutator motor 20 in the embodiment of the present invention.

  The field core 31 is formed by first punching a magnetic steel sheet into a rectangular frame shape having an opening on the inside as shown in FIG. 2, and further stacking a plurality of field core materials formed by punching. It is composed of that. By comprising in this way, the field core 31 has comprised the shape of a square cylinder. The field core 31 has a rectangular frame portion 34 and a pair of opposing magnetic pole portions 35 at the opening.

  More specifically, as shown in FIG. 2, the frame portion 34 is composed of one side portion 34d facing each other and the other side portion 34c facing each other, and each side portion forms a square shape. Yes. And the magnetic pole part 35 protrudes from the center part of the side part 34d to the opening in the frame part 34. As shown in FIG. Further, the magnetic pole part 35 has a magnetic pole base part 35a connected to the side part 34d and a magnetic pole protrusion part 35b extending from the magnetic pole base part 35a so as to protrude further in two directions. The innermost peripheral side of the magnetic pole part 35 is formed in an arc shape so as to follow the outer peripheral shape of the armature core 41.

  Although details will be described below, the side portion 34c has a structure in which the width becomes narrower from the end portion toward the central portion. That is, in FIG. 2, the center portion width C <the end portion width Cw. Further, in FIG. 2, the width at which the magnetic pole base 35 a is the narrowest in the direction in which the side portion 34 d extends is the width B, and the uniform width near the end of the side portion 34 d is the width D. Further, the diagonal size of the field core 31 is R. The field winding 32 is wound around both the magnetic pole portions 35. The armature core 41 is disposed in the field core 31 so as to be sandwiched between the magnetic pole portions 35.

  FIG. 3 is a plan view of armature core 41 of commutator motor 20 in the embodiment of the present invention.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the armature core 41 has a structure in which a plurality of teeth 41t protrude from a circular armature core base 41b having a diameter A in the outer peripheral direction. A slot 41s is formed between the adjacent teeth 41t. The armature winding 42 is wound around the teeth 41t using the space of the slot 41s.

  FIG. 4 is a plan view showing an arrangement relationship between the field core 31 and the armature core 41 of the commutator motor 20 in the embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 4, a state in which the field core 31 and the armature core 41 are arranged in the bracket 12 is shown from the upper surface. However, each winding is omitted.

  A contact surface is formed at each corner of the field core 31 along the direction of the rotation axis 43 of the bracket 12. As shown in FIG. 4, the contact surface is pressed against the inner peripheral surface of the bracket 12, and the stator 30 in which the field winding 32 is wound around the field core 31 is fixed in the bracket 12.

  As described above, the commutator motor 20 includes the stator 30 that is a field including the rectangular cylindrical field core 31 around which the field winding 32 is wound, and the armature winding 42 in the slot of the armature core 41. A rotor 40 that is an armature wound around 41 s and rotatably provided in the cylinder of the field core 31 is provided. Further, the field core 31 includes a rectangular frame portion 34 and a pair of magnetic pole portions 35 projecting inward from the pair of side portions 34d of the frame portion 34 facing each other.

  By the way, as described with reference to the magnetic flux density distribution diagram of FIG. 7, the portion where magnetic saturation is likely to occur is not each side portion of the field core but the magnetic pole portion. That is, when magnetic saturation occurs in the magnetic pole portion, the magnetic characteristics of the region deteriorate, and the effective magnetic flux decreases.

  Therefore, models of five types of commutator motors having different shapes were created, and the magnetic flux flowing through the armature core and the field core was calculated by CAE. Furthermore, for each model, the ratio of the magnetic flux flowing through the armature core and the magnetic flux flowing through the magnetic pole portion of the field core was determined. Here, the diagonal size R of the field core 31 is in the range of 75 mm to 100 mm in accordance with the general outer diameter size of the commutator motor for a vacuum cleaner.

  FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the ratio of the magnetic flux between the armature core and the magnetic pole part in each created model. Here, the ratio of the magnetic flux flowing through the magnetic pole part of the field core when the magnetic flux flowing through the armature core is 100 is shown.

  As shown in FIG. 5, assuming that the amount of magnetic flux flowing through the armature core is 100, the amount of magnetic flux flowing through the magnetic pole portion is approximately 107 to 110. That is, the amount of magnetic flux flowing through the magnetic pole portion is up to 10% higher than the armature core.

  Here, when the flow of magnetic flux is considered in the configuration shown in FIG. 4, the magnetic flux flowing through the armature core 41 flows in from the teeth 41t, and the diameter A of the armature core base 41b (ie, between the bottoms of the slots 41s) near the center. Flowing through the area. From the result of the amount of magnetic flux described above, a magnetic flux that is 1.1 times as large as the armature core 41 flows in the magnetic pole portion 35. For this reason, when the width B of the narrowest part of the magnetic pole base 35a is less than 1.1 times the diameter A of the armature core base 41b, magnetic saturation occurs.

  Based on the above viewpoint, in the present embodiment, the base width B of the magnetic pole part 35 is at least 1.1 times the diameter A of the slot bottom of the armature core 41. As a result, a sufficient magnetic flux flow path is secured in the magnetic pole base 35a of the magnetic pole part 35 to suppress the occurrence of magnetic saturation.

  On the other hand, in the side part 34c orthogonal to the side part 34d provided with the magnetic pole part 35, the magnetic flux leaks in the vicinity of the end part, and the magnetic flux flowing through the central part is reduced from the end part. From this, it can be seen that even when the width C of the central portion of the side portion 34c is reduced, the magnetic saturation is hardly affected. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the side portion 34c has a structure in which the width becomes narrower from the end portion of the end portion width Cw to the center portion of the center portion width C. Furthermore, in the present embodiment, the central portion width C is made narrower than the end portion width D which is the width in the vicinity of the end portion of the side portion 34d. That is, even if the side portion 34c is configured to become narrower from the end portion toward the center portion, magnetic saturation does not occur, and thus the commutator motor 20 can be reduced in weight.

  Further, in the present embodiment, in order to reduce the center width C at the side portion 34c, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, the opposite sides of the side portion 34c are parallel to each other, and the side portion 34c The width of the inside is made wider as it goes to the center. Thereby, the opening area inside the field core 31 can be increased, and the space factor of the field core 31 wound with the field winding 32 can be increased.

  As described above, in this embodiment, the relationship between the diameter A of the armature core base portion 41b and the width B of the narrowest portion of the magnetic pole base portion 35a satisfies 1.1A ≦ B. It suppresses magnetic saturation in the whole, prevents deterioration of magnetic characteristics, and improves efficiency.

  Furthermore, in the relationship between the center width C of the side 34c and the end width D of the side 34d, C <D can reduce the weight of the commutator motor 20 without causing magnetic saturation. I am trying.

  As described above, the commutator motor of the present invention has a field core including a rectangular cylindrical field core wound with a field winding and the armature winding wound through the slot of the armature core. And an armature provided rotatably in the cylinder. Further, the field core includes a rectangular frame portion and a pair of magnetic pole portions protruding inward from the pair of opposite side portions of the frame portion. The width of the base of the magnetic pole part is at least 1.1 times the diameter of the slot bottom of the armature core. Thus, magnetic saturation in the entire path through which the magnetic flux flows can be suppressed. Therefore, according to the commutator motor of the present invention, it is possible to provide a commutator motor in which deterioration of magnetic characteristics is prevented and efficiency is improved, and an electric apparatus including the commutator motor.

  In the commutator motor of the present invention, the magnetic pole part is disposed on one side of the frame part facing each other, and the width of the other side part of the frame part facing each other becomes narrower from the end to the center. In addition, the width of the center of the other side is made narrower than the width of one side. Accordingly, it is possible to provide a commutator motor that is further reduced in weight and can be provided with electric equipment without causing magnetic saturation.

  As described above, the commutator motor according to the present invention can be applied to an electric blower or a vacuum cleaner equipped with the electric blower because the efficiency can be improved by preventing deterioration of magnetic characteristics and the weight can be reduced.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Electric blower 12 Bracket 13 Bearing 14 Brush holder 15 Fan case 16 Centrifugal fan 17 Air guide 18 Inlet 20 Commutator motor 30 Stator 31, 97 Field core 32 Field winding 34 Frame part 34c, 34d, 97a, 97b Side portion 35 Both magnetic pole portions 35, 97c Magnetic pole portion 35a Magnetic pole base portion 35b Magnetic pole protrusion 40 Rotor 41 Armature core 41b Armature core base portion 41s Slot 41t Teeth 42 Armature winding 43 Rotating shaft 45 Commutator

Claims (4)

A field including a rectangular cylindrical field core wound with a field winding, and an armature winding are wound through a slot of the armature core and are rotatably provided in the cylinder of the field core. A commutator motor having an armature,
The field core includes a frame portion that forms a square shape, and a pair of magnetic pole portions that protrude inward from a pair of opposite sides of the frame portion,
The width of the base of the magnetic pole portion is at least 1.1 times the diameter of the bottom of the slot of the armature core. Placing the magnetic pole on one side of the frame facing each other;
The other side portions of the frame portion facing each other are narrowed in width from the end portion toward the center portion,
The commutator motor according to claim 1, wherein a width of a central portion of the other side portion is narrower than a width of the one side portion. The commutator motor according to claim 2, wherein a size of the field core in a diagonal direction is in a range from 75 mm to 100 mm. An electric apparatus comprising the commutator motor according to claim 1.

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