JP2013116697A - Four-wheel drive vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a four-wheel drive vehicle which smoothly selects a two-wheel drive mode or a four-wheel mode during traveling even if a clutch with no synchronization mechanism constitutes a main drive wheel side disconnection mechanism and a driven wheel side disconnection mechanism.SOLUTION: The four-wheel drive vehicle includes: a main drive-side clutch 53 which connects or disconnects a propeller shaft 17 and front wheels 15L 15R; a driven-side clutch 65 which connects or disconnects the propeller shaft 17 and rear wheels 20L, 20R; and a motor 70 provided in the propeller shaft 17 to be rotated. The four-wheel drive vehicle includes an electronic control coupling 18 provided in the propeller shaft 17 to adjust power transmitted by the propeller shaft 17. The motor 70 is provided closer to the front wheels 15L, 15R than the electronic control coupling 18.

Description

  The present invention relates to a four-wheel drive vehicle.

  Recently, a four-wheel drive vehicle has been known that has a propeller shaft that can be disconnected from a main drive wheel and a sub drive wheel. As such a four-wheel drive vehicle, there is a vehicle that adjusts the rotation of the propeller shaft by a motor when the propeller shaft is provided with a motor to switch from the two-wheel drive mode to the four-wheel drive mode during traveling.

  For example, a first clutch for coupling the drive line to the engine, an auxiliary drive line having a second clutch operable to connect and disconnect the drive from the propeller shaft to the driven wheel, and the auxiliary drive line A motor that separates the propeller shaft from both the engine and the driven wheels in the two-wheel drive mode and switches the propeller shaft from the two-wheel drive mode to the four-wheel drive mode during traveling so that the rotation of the propeller shaft increases to a predetermined speed. In which the first and second clutches are operated so that the auxiliary drive line is coupled to the engine and the driven wheels (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

  Thus, what was disclosed in Patent Document 1 is that when switching from the two-wheel drive mode to the four-wheel drive mode during traveling, each motor is driven so that the rotation of the propeller shaft increases to a predetermined speed. The clutch was connected smoothly.

JP 2007-223588 A

  In such a conventional four-wheel drive vehicle, when switching between the two-wheel drive mode and the four-wheel drive mode during traveling, rotation between the main drive wheel side and the propeller shaft side in the first clutch, and Since the rotations of the driven wheel side and the propeller shaft side in the second clutch cannot be synchronized, it is necessary to configure the first and second clutches by a clutch having a synchronization mechanism.

  However, the conventional four-wheel drive vehicle takes into consideration that each of the first and second clutches is constituted by a clutch not provided with a synchronization mechanism, for example, an inexpensive clutch to which dog teeth, splines, and the like are coupled. There wasn't.

  Therefore, the conventional four-wheel drive vehicle can smoothly switch between the two-wheel drive mode and the four-wheel drive mode during traveling by configuring the first and second clutches by the clutch not provided with the synchronization mechanism. There was a problem that it could not be done.

  The present invention has been made to solve such a problem, and includes a main driving wheel side cutting mechanism for connecting or disconnecting the propeller shaft and the main driving wheel, and a connection or cutting of the propeller shaft and the sub driving wheel. Provided is a four-wheel drive vehicle capable of smoothly switching between a two-wheel drive mode and a four-wheel drive mode even when each driven drive wheel side cutting mechanism is configured by a clutch not provided with a synchronization mechanism. For the purpose.

  In order to achieve the above object, the four-wheel drive vehicle of the present invention is either (1) a connected state in which the propeller shaft and the main drive wheel are connected, or a disconnected state in which the propeller shaft and the main drive wheel are disconnected. The main drive wheel side cutting mechanism that is switched to the state of FIG. 5A, the connection state that connects the propeller shaft and the slave drive wheel, and the slave state that is switched to a state of cutting that disconnects the propeller shaft and the main drive wheel. In a four-wheel drive vehicle comprising a drive wheel-side cutting mechanism and a rotating electric machine provided on the propeller shaft so as to rotate the propeller shaft, the propeller is adjusted so as to adjust the power transmitted by the propeller shaft. An electronic control coupling provided on a shaft, wherein the rotating electric machine is driven by the electronic control coupling to the main drive; It is provided on the side.

  With this configuration, in the four-wheel drive vehicle of the present invention, the main drive wheel side cutting mechanism is in a disconnected state, the electronically controlled coupling is in a state of cutting off power, and the driven wheel side cutting mechanism is in a disconnected state. Thus, the rotating electrical machine is operated so that the rotation on the propeller shaft side in the main driving wheel side cutting mechanism is synchronized with the rotation on the main driving wheel side, and the rotation on the propeller shaft side in the main driving wheel side cutting mechanism is on the main driving wheel side. Provided that the main drive wheel side cutting mechanism is in the connected state on condition that it is synchronized with the rotation, the electronically controlled coupling is operated so that the rotation on the propeller shaft side in the driven wheel side cutting mechanism is synchronized with the rotation on the driven wheel side The driven wheel side cutting mechanism can be brought into the connected state on condition that the rotation on the propeller shaft side in the driven wheel side cutting mechanism is synchronized with the rotation on the driven wheel side.

  As described above, the four-wheel drive vehicle of the present invention includes the rotation on the main drive wheel side and the rotation on the propeller shaft side in the main drive wheel side cutting mechanism, and the rotation on the propeller shaft side in the sub drive wheel side cutting mechanism. Since the rotation and the rotation on the driven wheel side can be synchronized with each other, even if each of the main driving wheel side cutting mechanism and the driven wheel side cutting mechanism is constituted by a clutch not provided with a synchronization mechanism, The mode and the four-wheel drive mode can be switched smoothly during traveling.

  In the four-wheel drive vehicle described in (1) above, (2) at least control the main drive wheel side cutting mechanism, the slave drive wheel side cutting mechanism, the electronic control coupling, and the rotating electrical machine. The control unit is configured such that the main driving wheel side cutting mechanism is in the cutting state, the electronic control coupling is in a state of cutting off the power, and the driven wheel side cutting mechanism is in the cutting state. In this state, the rotating electrical machine is controlled so that the rotation on the propeller shaft side in the main driving wheel side cutting mechanism is synchronized with the rotation on the main driving wheel side, and the propeller in the main driving wheel side cutting mechanism is On the condition that the rotation on the shaft side is synchronized with the rotation on the main drive wheel side, the main drive wheel side cutting mechanism is controlled to be in the connected state, and the propeller in the slave drive wheel side cutting mechanism is controlled. The electronically controlled coupling is controlled so that the rotation on the shaft side is synchronized with the rotation on the driven wheel side, and the rotation on the propeller shaft side in the cutting mechanism on the driven wheel side is synchronized with the rotation on the driven wheel side The driven wheel side cutting mechanism may be controlled to be in the connected state on the condition that it has been.

  With this configuration, the four-wheel drive vehicle of the present invention is configured such that the main drive wheel side rotation mechanism and the propeller shaft side rotation in the main drive wheel side cutting mechanism, and the propeller shaft side rotation in the sub drive wheel side cutting mechanism. Since the rotation and the rotation on the driven wheel side can be synchronized with each other, even if each of the main driving wheel side cutting mechanism and the driven wheel side cutting mechanism is constituted by a clutch not provided with a synchronization mechanism, The mode and the four-wheel drive mode can be switched smoothly during traveling.

  Further, in the four-wheel drive vehicle described in (2) above, (3) the control unit is in a state where the main drive wheel side cutting mechanism is in the connected state and the electronic control coupling transmits the power. Yes, with the driven wheel side cutting mechanism in the connected state, the electronic control coupling is controlled so that the power is cut off, and the main driving wheel side cutting mechanism is in the disconnected state. The driven electric wheel side cutting mechanism may be controlled to be in the cutting state, and the rotating electrical machine may be controlled so as to regenerate electric power from the rotational force of the propeller shaft.

  With this configuration, the four-wheel drive vehicle of the present invention controls the electronically controlled coupling so as to cut off the power transmitted by the propeller shaft, so that the main drive wheel side cutting mechanism and the sub drive wheel side cutting mechanism can be controlled. In order to reduce such torque, even if each of the main drive wheel side cutting mechanism and the slave drive wheel side cutting mechanism is configured by a clutch that is not provided with a synchronization mechanism, the four wheel drive mode to the two wheel drive mode can be smoothly performed. Can be switched.

  In the four-wheel drive vehicle of the present invention, since the propeller shaft rotates idly when the power transmitted from the main drive wheel side cutting mechanism and the electronic control coupling is cut off, the electric power is generated from the rotational force caused by the idling of the propeller shaft. Can be regenerated.

  In the four-wheel drive vehicle described in (1) above, (4) the control unit includes at least a control unit that controls the main drive wheel side cutting mechanism and the rotating electrical machine, and the main drive wheel side The propeller in the main driving wheel side cutting mechanism is in a state where the cutting mechanism is in the cutting state, the electronic control coupling is in a state of cutting off the power, and the driven wheel side cutting mechanism is in the cutting state. The rotating electrical machine is controlled so that rotation on the shaft side is synchronized with rotation on the main driving wheel side, and rotation on the propeller shaft side in the main driving wheel side cutting mechanism is synchronized with rotation on the main driving wheel side As a condition, the main driving wheel side cutting mechanism may be controlled to be in the connected state, and the rotating electrical machine may be controlled so as to regenerate electric power from the rotational force of the propeller shaft.

  With this configuration, when the four-wheel drive vehicle of the present invention is traveling in the two-wheel drive mode, the main drive wheel side cutting mechanism is smoothly switched from the cut state to the connected state, and the propeller shaft is switched from the main drive wheel side. Electric power can be regenerated from the transmitted power.

  In the four-wheel drive vehicle described in (1) above, (5) a control unit that controls at least the driven wheel-side cutting mechanism, the electronic control coupling, and the rotating electric machine is provided, and the control unit The main driving wheel side cutting mechanism is in the cutting state, the electronically controlled coupling is in a state of cutting off the power, and the driven wheel side cutting mechanism is in the cutting state, Controlling the electronic control coupling to be in a state of transmission, controlling the rotating electrical machine so that rotation on the propeller shaft side in the driven wheel side cutting mechanism is synchronized with rotation on the driven wheel side, On the condition that the rotation on the propeller shaft side of the driven wheel side cutting mechanism is synchronized with the rotation on the driven wheel side, the driven wheel side cutting mechanism is controlled to be in the connected state. It may be controlled to the rotary electric machine so as to regenerate electric power from the rotational force of the propeller shaft.

  With this configuration, when the four-wheel drive vehicle of the present invention is traveling in the two-wheel drive mode, the driven wheel side cutting mechanism is smoothly switched from the disconnected state to the connected state, and the driven wheel side is changed to the propeller shaft. Electric power can be regenerated from the transmitted power.

  Further, in the four-wheel drive vehicle described in (1) above, (6) a control unit that controls at least the driven wheel side cutting mechanism, the electronic control coupling, and the rotating electric machine is provided, and the control unit The main drive wheel side cutting mechanism is in the connected state, the electronic control coupling is in a state of transmitting the power, and the driven wheel side cutting mechanism is in the connected state, Controlling the electronically controlled coupling so as to be shut off, controlling the driven wheel side cutting mechanism so as to be in the disconnected state, and regenerating electric power from the rotational force of the propeller shaft. May be controlled.

  With this configuration, the four-wheel drive vehicle of the present invention allows the propeller shaft from the main drive wheel side to smoothly switch the driven drive wheel side cutting mechanism from the connected state to the disconnected state when traveling in the four-wheel drive mode. Electric power can be regenerated from the power transmitted to the.

  In the four-wheel drive vehicle described in (1) above, (7) a control unit that controls at least the main drive wheel side cutting mechanism, the electronic control coupling, and the rotating electric machine is provided, and the control unit The main drive wheel side cutting mechanism is in the connected state, the electronic control coupling is in a state of transmitting the power, and the driven wheel side cutting mechanism is in the connected state, The electronically controlled coupling is controlled so as to be shut off, the main driving wheel side cutting mechanism is controlled so as to be in the disconnected state, and the electronically controlled coupling is set so as to be in a state of transmitting the power. The rotating electrical machine may be controlled so as to regenerate electric power from the rotational force of the propeller shaft.

  With this configuration, the four-wheel drive vehicle of the present invention allows the propeller shaft from the driven wheel side to smoothly switch the main drive wheel-side cutting mechanism from the connected state to the disconnected state when traveling in the four-wheel drive mode. Electric power can be regenerated from the power transmitted to the.

  According to the present invention, the synchronization mechanism includes a main driving wheel side cutting mechanism that connects or disconnects the propeller shaft and the main driving wheel, and a slave driving wheel side cutting mechanism that connects or disconnects the propeller shaft and the slave driving wheel. A four-wheel drive vehicle that can smoothly switch between the two-wheel drive mode and the four-wheel drive mode while traveling can be provided even if each is constituted by a clutch that is not provided.

It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the four-wheel drive vehicle which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows the input / output part of ECU which comprises the four-wheel drive vehicle shown in FIG. It is a flowchart which shows the four-wheel drive mode switching operation | movement of ECU which comprises the four-wheel drive vehicle which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a flowchart which shows the two-wheel drive mode switching operation | movement of ECU which comprises the four-wheel drive vehicle which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a flowchart which shows the 1st electric power regeneration operation | movement of ECU which comprises the four-wheel drive vehicle which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a flowchart which shows the 2nd electric power regeneration operation | movement of ECU which comprises the four-wheel drive vehicle which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a flowchart which shows the 3rd electric power regeneration operation | movement of ECU which comprises the four-wheel drive vehicle which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a flowchart which shows the 4th electric power regeneration operation | movement of ECU which comprises the four-wheel drive vehicle which concerns on embodiment of this invention.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the vehicle in the present embodiment is constituted by a so-called FF type four-wheel drive vehicle 1 of a front engine / front drive type. The four-wheel drive vehicle 1 includes an engine 10 as an internal combustion engine that generates a driving force, a transaxle 13 including a transmission 11 and a front differential device (hereinafter simply referred to as “front differential”) 12, a transfer Device 14, left and right front wheels 15L and 15R, left and right drive shafts 16L and 16R, propeller shaft 17, electronic control coupling 18, rear differential device (hereinafter simply referred to as "rear differential") 19, Rear wheels 20L and 20R, left and right drive shafts 21L and 21R, and an ECU (Electronic Control Unit) 23 are provided.

  In the present embodiment, the engine 10 is described as an inline 4-cylinder engine using gasoline as fuel. However, in the present invention, an inline 6-cylinder engine, a V-type 6-cylinder engine, You may be comprised by various types of engines, such as a V type 12 cylinder engine or a horizontally opposed 6 cylinder engine.

  The fuel used for the engine 10 may be a hydrocarbon fuel such as light oil instead of gasoline, or an alcohol fuel obtained by mixing alcohol such as ethanol and gasoline.

  The transmission 11 is provided between the engine 10 and the front differential 12 so that the rotation of the engine 10 is changed and output to the front differential 12. The transmission 11 includes a torque converter 30, a gear unit 31 that forms a plurality of forward speeds and reverse speeds, and an output shaft 32.

  An output gear 33 is attached to one end of the output shaft 32 so as to be integrally rotatable. In the present embodiment, transmission 11 is described as an automatic transmission. However, in the present invention, it may be configured by a continuously variable transmission or the like.

  The front differential 12 includes a differential case 40, and the differential case 40 is rotatably supported by the housing 13a of the transaxle 13 via a bearing (not shown). A ring gear 41 that meshes with the output gear 33 is provided on the outer periphery of the differential case 40, and a pair of differential pinion gears 42 are attached in the differential case 40 so as to face each other.

  The pair of differential pinion gears 42 can revolve with the differential case 40 and can rotate with respect to the differential case 40. A pair of side gears 43 mesh with the pair of differential pinion gears 42. The pair of side gears 43 are connected to the front wheels 15L and 15R via the drive shafts 16L and 16R, respectively. In the present embodiment, the front wheels 15L and 15R constitute main drive wheels in the present invention.

  Thus, the front differential 12 is connected to the drive shafts 16L and 16R, and distributes and transmits the driving force output from the engine 10 via the transmission 11 to the front wheels 15L and 15R. The difference in rotational speed of the driving force is allowed.

  Further, front wheels 15L and 15R are connected to the drive shafts 16L and 16R, respectively, and the front wheels 15L and 15R rotate around the drive shafts 16L and 16R.

  The transfer device 14 is provided so as to be positioned in the rotational axis direction of the front differential 12. The rotational axis direction of the front differential 12 is the same as the rotational axis direction of the differential case 40 and the drive shafts 16L and 16R.

  A cylindrical boss 40 a protruding into the transfer device 14 is formed at the end of the differential case 40. The transfer device 14 includes a bevel gear 50, a bevel gear shaft 51, a main drive side clutch 53, an actuator 54, and an output pinion 55.

  The bevel gear 50 is fixed to the outer periphery of the bevel gear shaft 51. The bevel gear shaft 51 is connected to and disconnected from the boss 40 a by the main drive side clutch 53. That is, the main drive side clutch 53 is switched to one of a connected state in which the bevel gear shaft 51 and the boss 40a are connected and a disconnected state in which the bevel gear shaft 51 and the boss 40a are disconnected.

  Therefore, when the main drive side clutch 53 is in the connected state, the front wheels 15L and 15R and the propeller shaft 17 are connected. On the other hand, when the main drive side clutch 53 is in the disconnected state, the front wheels 15L and 15R and the propeller shaft 17 are disconnected.

  The actuator 54 puts the main drive side clutch 53 in the connected state when the drive signal is input from the ECU 23, and puts the main drive side clutch 53 in the disconnected state when the drive signal is not inputted from the ECU 23. It has become.

  Thus, the main drive side clutch 53 and the actuator 54 in the present embodiment constitute the main drive wheel side cutting mechanism in the present invention. Further, in the present embodiment, the main drive side clutch 53 is constituted by a clutch not provided with a synchronization mechanism, for example, an inexpensive clutch to which dog teeth, splines and the like are coupled.

  The propeller shaft 17 is provided between the transfer device 14 and the electronic control coupling 18, and the tip of the propeller shaft 17 is connected to the output pinion 55 of the transfer device 14.

  The propeller shaft 17 is provided with a motor 70 between the transfer device 14 and the electronic control coupling 18 for converting electric power and rotational force. The motor 70 includes a stator 71 that forms a rotating magnetic field, and a rotor 72 that is disposed inside the stator 71 and has a plurality of permanent magnets embedded therein. The stator 71 includes three stator cores and three stator coils wound around the stator core. A phase coil is provided.

  The rotor 72 is coupled to the propeller shaft 17, and the stator core of the stator 71 is formed, for example, by laminating thin electromagnetic steel plates, and is fixed to the inner peripheral portion of the main body case 73 fixed to the four-wheel drive vehicle 1. Has been.

  In the motor 70 configured as described above, when three-phase AC power is supplied to the three-phase coil of the stator 71, a rotating magnetic field is formed by the stator 71, and a permanent magnet embedded in the rotor 72 is attracted to the rotating magnetic field. As a result, the rotor 72 is rotationally driven. Thus, the motor 70 functions as an electric motor that converts electric power into rotational force.

  Further, when the permanent magnet embedded in the rotor 72 rotates, a rotating magnetic field is formed, and an induction current flows through the three-phase coil of the stator 71 by this rotating magnetic field, thereby generating electric power at both ends of the three-phase coil. Thus, the motor 70 functions as a power regenerator that converts rotational force into electric power.

  The motor 70 is connected to a battery 76 via an inverter 75, and the battery 76 supplies power to each part of the four-wheel drive vehicle 1. The inverter 75 drives the motor 70 with the electric power supplied from the battery 76 based on the control signal from the ECU 23, or charges the battery 76 with the electric power regenerated by the motor 70 from the rotational force of the propeller shaft 17. It is like that. Thus, in this Embodiment, the motor 70 comprises the rotary electric machine in this invention.

  An electronic control coupling 18 is provided at the rear end portion of the propeller shaft 17. The electronic control coupling 18 is connected to the propeller shaft 17 at the front end portion and connected to the rear differential 19 at the rear end portion.

  The electronic control coupling 18 operates in accordance with the control current output from the ECU 23, so that the torque generated from the engine 10 is increased from 100: 0 to 50:50 on the front wheels 15L, 15R side and the rear wheels 20L, 20R side. It is to be allocated steplessly in the range up to.

  In the present embodiment, in particular, the electronically controlled coupling 18 distributes the torque generated from the engine 10 to the front wheels 15L, 15R and the rear wheels 20L, 20R at 100: 0, that is, the front wheels A state in which only the 15L and 15R sides are distributed is referred to as a “cut state”, and a state in which the torque generated from the engine 10 is distributed not only to the front wheels 15L and 15R but also to the rear wheels 20L and 20R. It is called “connection state”.

  The rear differential 19 includes a differential case 60, and a ring gear 61 that meshes with the drive pinion gear 18 a of the electronic control coupling 18 is provided on the outer periphery of the differential case 60.

  A pair of differential pinion gears 62 is attached in the differential case 60 so as to face each other. The pair of differential pinion gears 62 can revolve together with the differential case 60 and can rotate with respect to the differential case 60.

  A pair of side gears 63 are meshed with the pair of differential pinion gears 62, and the pair of side gears 63 are connected to the rear wheels 20L and 20R via the drive shafts 21L and 21R, respectively. In the present embodiment, the rear wheels 20L and 20R constitute the driven wheels in the present invention.

  The drive shaft 21L is provided with a slave drive side clutch 65, and the slave drive side clutch 65 is provided with an actuator 66. The sub-drive side clutch 65 is switched to one of a connected state in which the rear wheel 20L and the rear differential 19 are connected and a disconnected state in which the rear wheel 20L and the rear differential 19 are disconnected.

  That is, when the driven side clutch 65 is in the connected state, the rear wheels 20L and 20R and the propeller shaft 17 are connected. On the other hand, when the driven clutch 65 is in the disconnected state, the rear wheels 20L and 20R and the propeller shaft 17 are disconnected.

  The actuator 54 puts the slave drive side clutch 65 in the connected state when the drive signal is inputted from the ECU 23, and puts the slave drive side clutch 65 in the disconnected state when the drive signal is not inputted from the ECU 23. It has become.

  Thus, the driven-side clutch 65 and the actuator 66 in the present embodiment constitute the driven-wheel-side cutting mechanism in the present invention. Further, in the present embodiment, the slave drive side clutch 65 is constituted by a clutch not provided with a synchronization mechanism, for example, an inexpensive clutch to which dog teeth, splines and the like are coupled.

  Although not shown, the ECU 23 is configured by a microprocessor having a CPU (Central Processing Unit), a ROM (Read Only Memory), a RAM (Random Access Memory), a flash memory, and an input / output port. Yes.

  A program for causing the microprocessor to function as the ECU 23 is stored in the ROM of the ECU 23. That is, when the CPU of the ECU 23 executes a program stored in the ROM using the RAM as a work area, the microprocessor functions as the ECU 23. In the present embodiment, the ECU 23 constitutes a control unit in the present invention.

  A drive changeover switch 80 for switching the four-wheel drive vehicle 1 between the two-wheel drive mode and the four-wheel drive mode is provided inside the four-wheel drive vehicle 1. The drive changeover switch 80 is connected to the ECU 23 and outputs a signal corresponding to the two-wheel drive mode or the four-wheel drive mode to the ECU 23.

  The four-wheel drive vehicle 1 enters the four-wheel drive mode when the main drive side clutch 53, the electronic control coupling 18 and the slave drive side clutch 65 are respectively connected, and the main drive side clutch 53 and the electronic control coupling 18. And when the sub-drive side clutch 65 is in the disconnected state, the two-wheel drive mode is set.

  As shown in FIG. 2, in the present embodiment, on the input side of the ECU 23, in addition to the drive changeover switch 80, the motor rotation angle sensor 100 that detects the rotation angle of the motor 70 and the rotations of the drive shafts 16 </ b> L and 16 </ b> R. Main drive shaft rotation angle sensors 101R and 101L for detecting angles, coupling output angle sensor 102 for detecting the rotation angle on the output side of the electronic control coupling 18 (drive pinion gear 18a side), and rotation angles of the drive shafts 21L and 21R Sensors such as the driven drive shaft rotation angle sensors 103L and 103R for detecting the acceleration and the acceleration sensor 104 for detecting the longitudinal acceleration of the four-wheel drive vehicle 1 are connected. Further, an electronic control coupling 18, actuators 54 and 66, an inverter 75, and the like are connected to the output side of the ECU 23.

  In the present embodiment, the ECU 23 receives signals inputted from the drive changeover switch 80, the motor rotation angle sensor 100, the main drive shaft rotation angle sensors 101R and 101L, the coupling output angle sensor 102, and the driven drive shaft rotation angle sensor 103L. Based on this, the electronic control coupling 18, the actuators 54 and 66, and the inverter 75 are controlled.

  For example, when the four-wheel drive vehicle 1 is switched from the two-wheel drive mode to the four-wheel drive mode, the ECU 23 synchronizes the rotation of the main drive side clutch 53 on the propeller shaft 17 side with the rotation of the front wheels 15L and 15R side. The motor 70 is controlled, and the actuator 54 is controlled so that the main drive side clutch 53 is in a connected state on condition that the rotation on the propeller shaft 17 side in the main drive side clutch 53 is synchronized with the rotation on the front wheels 15L and 15R side. Then, the electronic control coupling 18 is controlled so that the rotation on the propeller shaft 17 side in the driven drive clutch 65 is synchronized with the rotation on the rear wheel 20L side, and the rotation on the propeller shaft 17 side in the driven drive clutch 65 is the rear wheel. On the condition that it synchronizes with the rotation on the 20L side, the slave drive side clutch 65 is in the connected state. So as to control the actuator 66.

  Here, the ECU 23 rotates the propeller shaft 17 obtained from the rotation angle of the motor 70 detected by the motor rotation angle sensor 100, and the drive shafts 16L, 16R detected by the main drive shaft rotation angle sensors 101L, 101R. The rotation on the propeller shaft 17 side of the main drive side clutch 53 on the front wheels 15L, 15R side is performed on the condition that the ratio with the rotational speed of the drive shafts 16L, 16R obtained from the rotation angle of It is judged that it is synchronized with the rotation of the.

  If the rotational speeds of the drive shafts 16L and 16R obtained from the rotational angles of the drive shafts 16L and 16R detected by the main drive shaft rotational angle sensors 101L and 101R are different, the ECU 23 sets the drive shafts 16L and 16R. The average value of the rotational speeds of the drive shafts 16L and 16R is calculated as the average value of the rotational speeds of the drive shafts 16L and 16R. Further, the ratio Rf in the present embodiment corresponds to the gear ratio between the bevel gear 50 and the output pinion 55.

  Further, the ECU 23 uses the rotation speed on the output side of the electronic control coupling 18 obtained from the rotation angle on the output side of the electronic control coupling 18 detected by the coupling output angle sensor 102 and the driven shaft rotation angle sensor 103L. On the condition that the ratio with the rotational speed of the drive shaft 16L obtained from the detected rotational angle of the drive shaft 21L becomes a predetermined ratio Rr, the rotation on the propeller shaft 17 side in the driven-side clutch 65 is delayed. It is determined that the rotation is synchronized with the rotation on the wheel 20L side.

  When the rotational speeds of the drive shafts 21L and 21R obtained from the rotational angles of the drive shafts 21L and 21R detected by the driven shaft rotational angle sensors 103L and 103R are different, the ECU 23 controls the electronic control coupling 18. Is multiplied by the ratio Rr and the value obtained by subtracting the rotational speed of the drive shaft 21R from the multiplication result is equal to the rotational speed of the drive shaft 21L. It is determined whether or not this rotation is synchronized with the rotation on the rear wheel 20L side. Further, the ratio Rr in the present embodiment corresponds to the gear ratio between the drive pinion gear 18a and the ring gear 61.

  Further, when switching the four-wheel drive vehicle 1 from the four-wheel drive mode to the two-wheel drive mode, the ECU 23 controls the electronic control coupling 18 to be in a disconnected state, and the main drive side clutch 53 is in a disconnected state. The actuator 54 is controlled as described above, and the actuator 66 is controlled so that the driven clutch 65 is disengaged, and the inverter 75 is controlled so that electric power is regenerated by the motor 70 from the rotational force of the propeller shaft 17. It has become.

  The four-wheel drive mode switching operation by the ECU 23 constituting the four-wheel drive vehicle 1 configured as described above will be described with reference to FIG. The four-wheel drive mode switching operation described below is performed on the condition that a signal corresponding to the four-wheel drive mode is input from the drive switch 80 to the ECU 23 when the four-wheel drive vehicle 1 is in the two-wheel drive mode. Run as.

  First, the ECU 23 drives the motor 70 by controlling the inverter 75 so that the rotation on the propeller shaft 17 side in the main drive side clutch 53 is synchronized with the rotation on the front wheels 15L, 15R side (step S1). Here, the ECU 23 operates on the condition that the rotation of the main drive side clutch 53 between the propeller shaft 17 side and the front wheels 15L and 15R, that is, the rotation of both ends of the main drive side clutch 53 is synchronized (step S2). 54 is controlled to bring the main drive side clutch 53 into a connected state (step S3).

  Next, the ECU 23 operates the electronic control coupling 18 so that the rotation on the propeller shaft 17 side in the driven-side clutch 65 is synchronized with the rotation on the rear wheel 20L side (step S4). Here, the ECU 23 is conditioned on the condition that the rotation of the driven-side clutch 65 between the propeller shaft 17 side and the rear wheel 20L side, that is, the rotation of both ends of the driven-side clutch 65 is synchronized (step S5). Is controlled to bring the slave drive side clutch 65 into a connected state (step S6), and the four-wheel drive mode switching operation is terminated.

  Thus, the ECU 23 synchronizes the rotation of both ends of the main drive side clutch 53 and the rotation of both ends of the slave drive side clutch 65 when switching the four wheel drive vehicle 1 from the two wheel drive mode to the four wheel drive mode. Therefore, the main drive side clutch 53 and the slave drive side clutch 65 can be smoothly connected.

  Next, the two-wheel drive mode switching operation by the ECU 23 will be described with reference to FIG. The two-wheel drive mode switching operation described below is performed on condition that a signal corresponding to the two-wheel drive mode is input from the drive switch 80 to the ECU 23 when the four-wheel drive vehicle 1 is in the four-wheel drive mode. Executed.

  First, the ECU 23 disconnects the electronic control coupling 18 (step S11). Next, the ECU 23 controls the actuator 54 to disengage the main drive side clutch 53 (step S12), and controls the actuator 66 to disengage the slave drive side clutch 65 (step S13).

  Next, the ECU 23 causes the motor 70 to regenerate electric power from the rotational force of the propeller shaft 17 that is idling when the power transmitted between the main drive side clutch 53 and the electronic control coupling 18 is cut off. 75 is controlled (step S14), and the two-wheel drive mode switching operation is terminated.

  In this way, the ECU 23 reduces the torque applied to the main drive side clutch 53 and the slave drive side clutch 65 by putting the electronic control coupling 18 in the disconnected state, and thus the main drive side clutch 53 and the slave drive side clutch 65. Can be cut smoothly.

  Further, the ECU 23 can regenerate electric power by the motor 70 from the rotational force of the propeller shaft 17 that is idling when the power transmitted between the main drive side clutch 53 and the electronic control coupling 18 is cut off. it can.

  The four-wheel drive vehicle 1 according to the present embodiment configured as described above can smoothly switch between the two-wheel drive mode and the four-wheel drive mode while traveling, and the remaining capacity of the battery 76 is insufficient. Sometimes the motor 70 can regenerate power.

  Such power regeneration operation by the ECU 23 will be described with reference to FIGS. First, the power regeneration operation for regenerating power from the rotational force from the front wheels 15L and 15R when the four-wheel drive vehicle 1 is in the two-wheel drive mode will be described.

  In FIG. 5, the ECU 23 first drives the motor 70 by controlling the inverter 75 so that the rotation on the propeller shaft 17 side in the main drive side clutch 53 is synchronized with the rotation on the front wheels 15L, 15R side (step S21).

  Next, the ECU 23 is conditioned on the condition that the rotation of the main drive side clutch 53 between the propeller shaft 17 side and the front wheels 15L and 15R, that is, the rotation of both ends of the main drive side clutch 53 is synchronized (step S22). To control the main drive side clutch 53 to the connected state (step S23). Next, the ECU 23 controls the inverter 75 so that electric power is regenerated by the motor 70 from the rotational force of the propeller shaft 17 (step S24), and the electric power regeneration operation ends.

  Thus, the ECU 23 smoothly switches the main drive side clutch 53 from the disconnected state to the connected state when the four-wheel drive vehicle 1 is traveling in the two-wheel drive mode, and from the front wheels 15L and 15R side to the propeller shaft 17. Electric power can be regenerated from the power transmitted to the.

  Next, a power regeneration operation for regenerating power from the rotational force from the rear wheels 20L and 20R when the four-wheel drive vehicle 1 is in the two-wheel drive mode will be described.

  In FIG. 6, first, the ECU 23 places the electronic control coupling 18 in a connected state (step S31). Next, the ECU 23 drives the motor 70 by controlling the inverter 75 so that the rotation on the propeller shaft 17 side of the slave drive side clutch 65 is synchronized with the rotation on the rear wheel 20L side (step S32).

  Here, the ECU 23 is conditioned on the condition that the rotation of the driven-side clutch 65 between the propeller shaft 17 side and the rear wheel 20L side, that is, the rotation of both ends of the driven-side clutch 65 is synchronized (step S33). To control the slave drive side clutch 65 (step S34). Next, the ECU 23 controls the inverter 75 so that electric power is regenerated by the motor 70 from the rotational force of the propeller shaft 17 (step S35), and the electric power regeneration operation ends.

  As described above, the ECU 23 smoothly switches the driven-side clutch 65 from the disconnected state to the connected state when the four-wheel drive vehicle 1 is traveling in the two-wheel drive mode, and the propeller shaft from the rear wheels 20L and 20R side. Electric power can be regenerated from the power transmitted to 17.

  As described above, when the four-wheel drive vehicle 1 is in the two-wheel drive mode, the ECU 23 can regenerate electric power from the rotational force from any one of the front wheels 15L and 15R and the rear wheels 20L and 20R. .

  Here, it is preferable that the ECU 23 regenerates electric power from the rotational force from the driving wheel side having a large ground load. Specifically, when the detected value of the acceleration sensor 104 is larger than a predetermined threshold value THg, the ECU 23 regenerates electric power from the rotational force from the front wheels 15L and 15R, and the detected value of the acceleration sensor 104 is the threshold value. When it is smaller than THg, electric power is regenerated from the rotational force from the rear wheels 20L and 20R.

  Next, the power regeneration operation for regenerating power from the rotational force from the front wheels 15L and 15R when the four-wheel drive vehicle 1 is in the four-wheel drive mode will be described.

  In FIG. 7, first, the ECU 23 disconnects the electronic control coupling 18 (step S41), and controls the actuator 66 to disconnect the slave drive side clutch 65 (step S42). Next, the ECU 23 controls the inverter 75 so that electric power is regenerated by the motor 70 from the rotational force of the propeller shaft 17 (step S43), and the electric power regeneration operation ends.

  Thus, the ECU 23 smoothly switches the driven-side clutch 65 from the connected state to the disconnected state when the four-wheel drive vehicle 1 is traveling in the four-wheel drive mode, and from the front wheels 15L, 15R side to the propeller shaft. Electric power can be regenerated from the power transmitted to 17.

  Next, the power regeneration operation for regenerating power from the rotational force from the rear wheels 20L and 20R when the four-wheel drive vehicle 1 is in the four-wheel drive mode will be described.

  In FIG. 8, first, the ECU 23 disconnects the electronic control coupling 18 (step S51), and controls the actuator 54 to disconnect the main drive side clutch 53 (step S52).

  Next, the ECU 23 puts the electronic control coupling 18 into a connected state (step S53), controls the inverter 75 to regenerate electric power by the motor 70 from the rotational force of the propeller shaft 17 (step S54), and ends the electric power regeneration operation.

  Thus, the ECU 23 smoothly switches the main drive side clutch 53 from the connected state to the disconnected state when the four-wheel drive vehicle 1 is traveling in the four-wheel drive mode, while propellers from the rear wheels 20L and 20R side. Electric power can be regenerated from the power transmitted to the shaft 17.

  As described above, when the four-wheel drive vehicle 1 is in the four-wheel drive mode, the ECU 23 can regenerate electric power from the rotational force from any one of the front wheels 15L and 15R and the rear wheels 20L and 20R. it can.

  Here, it is preferable that the ECU 23 regenerates electric power from the rotational force from the driving wheel side having a large ground load. Specifically, when the detected value of the acceleration sensor 104 is larger than the threshold value THg, the ECU 23 regenerates electric power from the rotational force from the front wheels 15L and 15R, and the detected value of the acceleration sensor 104 is smaller than the threshold value THg. Power is regenerated from the rotational force from the rear wheels 20L and 20R.

  As described above, in the four-wheel drive vehicle 1 according to the present embodiment, the rotation of the main drive side clutch 53 on the propeller shaft 17 side and the front wheels 15L and 15R side, and the propeller shaft 17 side of the slave drive side clutch 65 are provided. Even if the main drive side clutch 53 and the slave drive side clutch 65 are each constituted by a clutch not provided with a synchronization mechanism in order to synchronize the rotation of the motor and the rear wheel 20L side, the two wheel drive mode is changed to the four wheel drive mode. It is possible to switch smoothly during traveling.

  Further, the four-wheel drive vehicle 1 reduces the torque applied to the main drive side clutch 53 and the slave drive side clutch 65 by putting the electronic control coupling 18 in a disconnected state, thereby making the main drive side clutch 53 and the slave drive. Since the side clutch 65 can be smoothly disconnected, the four-wheel drive mode can be smoothly switched to the two-wheel drive mode during traveling.

  In the present embodiment, the ECU 23 has been described as switching the four-wheel drive vehicle 1 between the two-wheel drive mode and the four-wheel drive mode in accordance with the signal output from the drive changeover switch 80. The four-wheel drive vehicle 1 may be switched between the two-wheel drive mode and the four-wheel drive mode according to the traveling state of the four-wheel drive vehicle 1 obtained from the detection results of the sensors.

  In the present embodiment, the slave drive side clutch 65 is described as being provided on the drive shaft 21L. However, in the present invention, the slave drive side clutch 65 may be provided on the drive shaft 21R.

  In this case, in the four-wheel drive mode switching operation and the power regeneration operation, the ECU 23 replaces the rotation of the propeller shaft 17 side and the rear wheel 20L side of the slave drive side clutch 65 with the propeller of the slave drive side clutch 65 instead of synchronizing the rotation. It is comprised so that rotation of the shaft 17 side and the rear-wheel 20R side may be synchronized.

  The embodiment disclosed this time is illustrative in all respects and is not limited to this embodiment. The scope of the present invention is shown not by the above description of the embodiments but by the scope of the claims, and is intended to include all modifications within the meaning and scope equivalent to the scope of the claims.

  As described above, the four-wheel drive vehicle according to the present invention includes a main drive wheel-side cutting mechanism that connects or disconnects the main propeller shaft and the main drive wheel, and a connection or disconnection between the propeller shaft and the sub drive wheel. Even if each of the driven-wheel-side cutting mechanisms is configured by a clutch not provided with a synchronization mechanism, the two-wheel drive mode and the four-wheel drive mode can be smoothly switched during traveling. The present invention is useful for a four-wheel drive vehicle having a propeller shaft that can be cut from a drive wheel and a sub drive wheel.

1 Four-wheel drive vehicle 15L, 15R Front wheel (main drive wheel)
17 Propeller shaft 18 Electronically controlled coupling 20L, 20R Rear wheel (slave drive wheel)
23 ECU (control unit)
53 Main drive side clutch (Main drive wheel side cutting mechanism)
54 Actuator (Main drive wheel side cutting mechanism)
65 Subordinate drive side clutch (subordinate drive wheel side cutting mechanism)
66 Actuator (Subordinate driven wheel side cutting mechanism)
70 Motor (rotary electric machine)

Claims (7)

A main driving wheel-side cutting mechanism that is switched to one of a connection state for connecting the propeller shaft and the main driving wheel and a cutting state for cutting the propeller shaft and the main driving wheel;
A driven wheel side cutting mechanism that is switched to one of a connected state that connects the propeller shaft and the driven wheel and a disconnected state that cuts the propeller shaft and the main drive wheel;
In a four-wheel drive vehicle comprising: a rotating electric machine provided on the propeller shaft so as to rotate the propeller shaft;
An electronically controlled coupling provided on the propeller shaft to adjust the power transmitted by the propeller shaft;
The four-wheel drive vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the rotating electrical machine is provided closer to the main drive wheel than the electronic control coupling. A control unit for controlling at least the main driving wheel side cutting mechanism, the slave driving wheel side cutting mechanism, the electronic control coupling, and the rotating electrical machine;
In the control unit, the main driving wheel side cutting mechanism is in the cutting state, the electronic control coupling is in a state of cutting off the power, and the driven wheel side cutting mechanism is in the cutting state, The rotating electrical machine is controlled so that rotation on the propeller shaft side in the main driving wheel side cutting mechanism is synchronized with rotation on the main driving wheel side, and rotation on the propeller shaft side in the main driving wheel side cutting mechanism is The main drive wheel side cutting mechanism is controlled to be in the connected state on condition that the rotation on the main drive wheel side is synchronized, and the rotation on the propeller shaft side in the slave drive wheel side cutting mechanism is controlled by the slave drive. The electronically controlled coupling is controlled to synchronize with the rotation of the wheel side, and the rotation of the propeller shaft side in the driven wheel side cutting mechanism is synchronized with the rotation of the driven wheel side. Four-wheel drive vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that as a condition bets, it is controlled to be the subordinate drive wheels side cutting mechanism to the connected state.   In the control unit, the main driving wheel side cutting mechanism is in the connected state, the electronic control coupling is in a state of transmitting the power, and the driven wheel side cutting mechanism is in the connected state, The electronically controlled coupling is controlled so that the power is cut off, the main driving wheel side cutting mechanism is controlled to be in the cutting state, and the driven wheel side cutting mechanism is set in the cutting state. 4. The four-wheel drive vehicle according to claim 2, wherein the four-wheel drive vehicle is controlled such that the rotating electric machine is controlled so as to regenerate electric power from the rotational force of the propeller shaft. A control unit that controls at least the main drive wheel side cutting mechanism and the rotating electrical machine;
In the control unit, the main driving wheel side cutting mechanism is in the cutting state, the electronic control coupling is in a state of cutting off the power, and the driven wheel side cutting mechanism is in the cutting state, The rotating electrical machine is controlled so that rotation on the propeller shaft side in the main driving wheel side cutting mechanism is synchronized with rotation on the main driving wheel side, and rotation on the propeller shaft side in the main driving wheel side cutting mechanism is The main driving wheel side cutting mechanism is controlled to be in the connected state on the condition that the main driving wheel side is synchronized with the rotation on the main driving wheel side, and the rotating electrical machine is controlled to regenerate electric power from the rotational force of the propeller shaft. The four-wheel drive vehicle according to claim 1. A control unit for controlling at least the driven wheel side cutting mechanism, the electronic control coupling, and the rotating electrical machine;
In the control unit, the main driving wheel side cutting mechanism is in the cutting state, the electronic control coupling is in a state of cutting off the power, and the driven wheel side cutting mechanism is in the cutting state, The electronic control coupling is controlled so that the rotation on the propeller shaft side in the driven wheel side cutting mechanism is synchronized with the rotation on the driven wheel side, and the rotation on the propeller shaft side in the driven wheel side cutting mechanism On the condition that the motor is synchronized with the rotation of the driven wheel side, the rotating mechanism for controlling the driven wheel side cutting mechanism to be in the connected state, and regenerating electric power from the rotational force of the propeller shaft. The four-wheel drive vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the four-wheel drive vehicle is controlled. A control unit for controlling at least the driven wheel side cutting mechanism, the electronic control coupling, and the rotating electrical machine;
In the control unit, the main driving wheel side cutting mechanism is in the connected state, the electronic control coupling is in a state of transmitting the power, and the driven wheel side cutting mechanism is in the connected state, The electronically controlled coupling is controlled so that the power is cut off, the driven wheel side cutting mechanism is controlled so as to be in the cutting state, and electric power is regenerated from the rotational force of the propeller shaft. The four-wheel drive vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the rotating electric machine is controlled. A control unit for controlling at least the main drive wheel side cutting mechanism, the electronic control coupling, and the rotating electrical machine;
In the control unit, the main driving wheel side cutting mechanism is in the connected state, the electronic control coupling is in a state of transmitting the power, and the driven wheel side cutting mechanism is in the connected state, The electronic control coupling is controlled so that the power is cut off, the main drive wheel side cutting mechanism is controlled so as to be in the cut state, and the electronic control is set so as to transmit the power. The four-wheel drive vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the rotating electric machine is controlled so as to control coupling and regenerate electric power from the rotational force of the propeller shaft.

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