JP2013104601A - Warm water heating system, control device, and control method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To properly control temperature increase speed when a warm water system is in a transient state.SOLUTION: The control device 40 controls a degree of opening of a three-way valve 34 so that a water temperature in the upstream of a heating unit 33 increases by a predetermined temperature until it reaches a target temperature after start of a heat pump 20. Alternatively, the control device 40 controls a degree of opening of a vane 23 so that a temperature of water downstream of the heating unit 33 increases by a predetermined temperature until it reaches a target temperature after start of the heat pump 20.

Description

  The present invention relates to a warm water heating system that heats warm water using a warm output heat exchanger provided in a heat pump, and a control device and a control method for the warm water heating system.

  In general, a hot water system for supplying hot water includes a heat storage tank. In the hot water system, a part of the water stored in the heat storage tank is controlled in temperature by obtaining heat from a heat output heat exchanger provided in the main body of the hot water heat pump (for example, a patent) Reference 1).

  However, the invention described in Patent Document 1 has a problem that the installation cost and the installation space are increased because the heat storage tank is provided in the hot water system. Moreover, since the water stored in the heat storage tank is circulated to the heat output heat exchanger to raise the temperature of the water in the heat storage tank, there is a problem that it takes time to raise the temperature.

  Therefore, in Patent Document 2, a three-way valve is provided in the hot water system, and a part of the output of hot water from the thermal output heat exchanger is circulated to the thermal output heat exchanger, and the temperature of the inlet of the thermal output heat exchanger is set to a predetermined value. A method for controlling the target temperature is described. By using this method, the heating rate of the hot water system can be increased.

JP 2002-340400 A JP 2011-185477 A

  By the way, when the method described in Patent Document 2 is used, when the hot water system is in a transient state such as when the heat pump is started, that is, when the water temperature of the entire hot water system is lower than the target temperature, the three-way valve is fully opened, All hot water output from the exchanger may circulate. In this case, the water temperature of the hot water system rises rapidly, and the opening degree of the three-way valve changes only when the temperature at the inlet of the heat output heat exchanger reaches the target temperature. However, since the opening / closing of the three-way valve does not switch instantaneously, the opening / closing operation of the three-way valve cannot follow the temperature change of the hot water, and the water temperature at the inlet of the heat output heat exchanger may exceed the target temperature. . In this case, there is a problem that the amount of heat exchanged in the heat output heat exchanger of the heat pump is reduced, and the efficiency of the hot water heating system is deteriorated.

  This invention is made | formed in view of said problem, and makes it a subject to provide the warm water heating system, the control apparatus, and the control method which control appropriately the temperature increase rate in the transient state of a warm water system | strain.

  The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-described problem, and a heat pump having a heat output heat exchanger that draws heat from a heat source system and outputs heat, and water by heat obtained from the heat output heat exchanger. A heating unit that heats, an outflow unit that causes water heated by the heating unit to flow out to a heating target, a circulation unit that circulates water heated by the heating unit to an upstream side of the heating unit, and a heating unit from the heating target to the heating unit A control device for controlling a hot water heating system comprising an inflow part for allowing water to flow into the upstream side of the gas, and an adjustment part for adjusting a flow rate distribution of water from the heating part to the outflow part and the circulation part, An upstream target temperature setting unit that sets a target temperature of water upstream of the heating unit; and a predetermined temperature upstream of the heating unit until the temperature of water upstream of the heating unit reaches the target temperature Side water temperature rises As, characterized in that it comprises an adjustment amount determining unit that determines an adjustment amount of the flow rate distribution by the adjusting unit.

  Further, in the present invention, the adjustment amount determination unit is configured such that the water circulating in the heating unit, the water circulated by the circulation unit, until the temperature of the water on the upstream side of the heating unit reaches the target temperature, And the flow distribution by the adjusting unit so that the temperature of the water upstream of the heating unit rises by a predetermined temperature calculated based on the state of the water flowing from the inflow unit to the upstream side of the heating unit. It is preferable to determine the adjustment amount.

  In the present invention, based on the state of water flowing through the heating unit, water circulating through the circulation unit, and water flowing from the inflow unit to the upstream side of the heating unit, The temperature of the difference between the temperature of the water mixed with the water flowing into the upstream side of the heating unit and the water circulated by the circulation unit and the temperature of the water flowing through the heating unit is set to the adjustment amount. An adjustment temperature calculation unit that calculates the adjustment temperature used for the determination, and the adjustment amount determination unit calculates the adjustment temperature calculated by the adjustment temperature calculation unit until the temperature of water upstream of the heating unit reaches the target temperature. Therefore, it is preferable to determine the adjustment amount of the flow distribution by the adjustment unit so that the temperature of the water on the upstream side of the heating unit increases.

  In the present invention, the adjustment amount determination unit determines the adjustment amount of the flow distribution by the adjustment unit so that the temperature of the water flowing into the heating unit is constant until the heat pump is operated. Is preferred.

  In the present invention, the upstream target temperature setting unit is based on a maximum heating amount in the heating unit, a flow rate of water flowing into the heating unit, and a target temperature of water downstream of the heating unit. It is preferable to set a target temperature of water upstream of the heating unit.

  In the present invention, a downstream target temperature setting unit that sets a target temperature of water downstream of the heating unit, and a predetermined temperature until the temperature of water downstream of the heating unit reaches the target temperature. It is preferable to include a heat pump adjustment amount determination unit that determines the adjustment amount of the heat pump control so that the temperature of the water on the downstream side of the heating unit increases.

  Moreover, in this invention, the said heat pump adjustment amount determination part is distribute | circulating to the said heating part until the temperature of the water of the downstream of the said heating part reaches the said target temperature, and the said heating part to the said adjustment part It is preferable to determine the adjustment amount of the heat pump control so that the temperature of the water on the downstream side of the heating unit increases by a predetermined temperature calculated based on the state of the flowing water and the heating amount in the heating unit. .

  Moreover, in this invention, the water currently distribute | circulating to the said heating part based on the state which the water distribute | circulated to the said heating part, the water which flows in into the said adjustment part from the said heating part, and the heating amount in the said heating part The temperature of the difference between the temperature of the water when heated by the heating unit and the temperature of the water flowing from the heating unit to the adjustment unit is calculated as the heat pump adjustment temperature used to determine the adjustment amount for heat pump control A heat pump adjustment temperature calculation unit, wherein the heat pump adjustment amount determination unit heats only the heat pump adjustment temperature calculated by the heat pump adjustment temperature calculation unit until the temperature of water downstream of the heating unit reaches the target temperature. It is preferable to determine the adjustment amount of the heat pump control so that the temperature of the water on the downstream side of the section rises.

  The present invention also includes a heat pump having a heat output heat exchanger that draws heat from a heat source system and outputs heat, a heating unit that heats water by the heat obtained from the heat output heat exchanger, and the heating unit is heated An outflow part that causes the heated water to flow out to the heating target, a circulation part that circulates the water heated by the heating part to the upstream side of the heating part, and an inflow part that flows water from the heating target to the upstream side of the heating part; A control device for controlling a hot water heating system comprising: a downstream target temperature setting unit that sets a target temperature of water downstream of the heating unit; and a temperature of water downstream of the heating unit is the target And a heat pump adjustment amount determining unit that determines an adjustment amount of heat pump control so that the temperature of water downstream of the heating unit is increased by a predetermined temperature until the temperature is reached.

  Further, in the present invention, the heat pump adjustment amount determination unit is configured such that the water flowing through the heating unit and the water flowing out from the heating unit until the temperature of the water downstream of the heating unit reaches the target temperature. It is preferable that the adjustment amount of the heat pump control is determined so that the temperature of the water on the downstream side of the heating unit is increased by a predetermined temperature calculated based on the state and the heating amount in the heating unit.

  Further, in the present invention, based on the state of the water flowing through the heating unit and the water flowing out from the heating unit, and the amount of heating in the heating unit, the water flowing through the heating unit is the heating unit. A heat pump adjustment temperature calculation unit that calculates the temperature of the difference between the temperature of the water when heated by and the temperature of the water flowing out of the heating unit as a heat pump adjustment temperature used to determine the adjustment amount of the heat pump control, The heat pump adjustment amount determination unit determines the temperature of water downstream of the heating unit by the heat pump adjustment temperature calculated by the heat pump adjustment temperature calculation unit until the temperature of water downstream of the heating unit reaches the target temperature. It is preferable to determine the adjustment amount of the heat pump control so as to increase.

  The present invention also includes a heat pump having a heat output heat exchanger that draws heat from a heat source system and outputs heat, a heating unit that heats water by the heat obtained from the heat output heat exchanger, and the heating unit is heated An outflow part that causes the heated water to flow out to the heating target, a circulation part that circulates the water heated by the heating part to the upstream side of the heating part, and an inflow part that flows water from the heating target to the upstream side of the heating part; An adjustment unit that adjusts a flow rate distribution of water from the heating unit to the circulation unit and the outflow unit, and the control device.

  The present invention also includes a heat pump having a heat output heat exchanger that draws heat from a heat source system and outputs heat, a heating unit that heats water by the heat obtained from the heat output heat exchanger, and the heating unit is heated An outflow part that causes the heated water to flow out to the heating target, a circulation part that circulates the water heated by the heating part to the upstream side of the heating part, and an inflow part that flows water from the heating target to the upstream side of the heating part; A control method for controlling the adjustment amount of the adjustment unit of the hot water heating system comprising an adjustment unit for adjusting a flow rate distribution of water from the heating unit to the circulation unit and the outflow unit, and upstream of the heating unit Determining the target temperature of the water on the side, and increasing the temperature of the water upstream of the heating unit by a predetermined temperature until the temperature of the water upstream of the heating unit reaches the target temperature , Flow distribution by the adjusting unit Characterized by a step of determining the adjustment amount.

  The present invention also includes a heat pump having a heat output heat exchanger that draws heat from a heat source system and outputs heat, a heating unit that heats water by the heat obtained from the heat output heat exchanger, and the heating unit is heated An outflow part that causes the heated water to flow out to the heating target, a circulation part that circulates the water heated by the heating part to the upstream side of the heating part, and an inflow part that flows water from the heating target to the upstream side of the heating part; A control device for controlling an adjustment amount of a heat pump of a hot water heating system comprising: a step of determining a target temperature of water downstream of the heating unit; and a temperature of water downstream of the heating unit is the target Determining the adjustment amount of the heat pump control so that the temperature of the water on the downstream side of the heating unit rises by a predetermined temperature until the temperature is reached.

  According to the present invention, the adjustment amount by the adjustment unit is set such that the temperature of the hot water upstream or downstream of the heating unit is increased by a predetermined temperature until the temperature of the hot water upstream of the heating unit reaches the target temperature. Alternatively, the adjustment amount of the heat pump is determined. Thereby, the temperature increase rate in the transient state of the hot water system can be appropriately controlled.

1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a hot water heating system according to a first embodiment of the present invention. It is a schematic block diagram which shows the structure of the control apparatus by the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a flowchart which shows operation | movement of the control apparatus by the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic block diagram of the warm water heating system by the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic block diagram which shows the structure of the control apparatus by the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic block diagram of the warm water heating system by the 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic block diagram which shows the structure of the control apparatus by the 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is a flowchart which shows operation | movement of the control apparatus by the 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic block diagram of the hot water heating system by the 4th Embodiment of this invention.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
<< First Embodiment >>
FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a hot water heating system according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
The hot water heating system includes a heat pump 20 that draws heat from the heat source system 10 and outputs the heat, a hot water system 30 that heats water using the heat output from the heat pump 20, and a control device 40 that controls the hot water system 30.

The heat pump 20 includes a pipe filled with a heat medium, an evaporator 21, a compressor 22, a condenser 24 (heat output heat exchanger) and an expansion valve 25 connected to the pipe.
The evaporator 21 increases the temperature of the heat medium by the heat output from the heat source system 10.
The compressor 22 compresses and liquefies the heat medium heated by the evaporator 21.
The vane 23 adjusts the flow rate of the heat medium liquefied by the compressor 22.
The condenser 24 supplies the heat of the heat medium flowing from the vane 23 to the hot water system 30.
The expansion valve 25 decompresses and vaporizes the heat medium cooled by the condenser 24.

The hot water system 30 includes an inflow part 31, a circulation pump 32, a heating part 33, a three-way valve 34 (adjustment part), a circulation part 35, and an outflow part 36.
The inflow part 31 allows water to flow into the heating part 33 through the circulation pump 32 from the heating target.
The circulation pump 32 pumps inflowed water to the heating unit 33.
The heating unit 33 heats the water flowing in from the circulation pump 32 by the heat supplied from the condenser 24, and supplies the heated water to the three-way valve 34.
The three-way valve 34 causes a part of the water heated by the heating unit 33 to flow into the circulation unit 35 and the rest into the outflow unit 36 according to the opening degree (flow rate distribution).
The circulation unit 35 circulates water from the three-way valve 34 to the heating unit 33 via the circulation pump 32.
The outflow portion 36 causes water to flow out from the three-way valve 34 to the heating target.

The hot water system 30 is provided with an inflow part flow detector 51, an inflow part temperature detector 52, a heating part flow rate detector 53, a heating part upstream side temperature detector 54, and a heating part downstream side temperature detector 55.
The inflow portion flow detector 51 detects the flow rate F ₁ of the water flowing through the inflow portion 31.
The inflow portion temperature detector 52 detects the temperature T ₁ of the water flowing through the inflow portion 31.
The heating unit flow rate detector 53 detects the flow rate F ₂ of water flowing through the heating unit 33.
The heating unit upstream temperature detector 54 detects the temperature of water on the upstream side of the heating unit 33. That is, the heating unit upstream temperature detector 54 detects the temperature T ₂ of the water before being heated in the heating unit 33.
The heating unit downstream temperature detector 55 detects the temperature of water on the downstream side of the heating unit 33. That is, the heating unit downstream temperature detector 55 detects the temperature T ₃ of water after being heated in the heating unit 33.

FIG. 2 is a schematic block diagram showing the configuration of the control device 40 according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
The control device 40 includes a sensor information acquisition unit 401, an upstream temperature change rate calculation unit 402 (adjusted temperature calculation unit), an upstream target temperature setting unit 403, a heat pump information input unit 404, an upstream side target temperature setting unit 405, three-way A valve control unit 406 (adjustment amount determination unit) is provided.
The sensor information acquisition unit 401 acquires sensor information (flow rate / temperature) detected by each detector provided in the hot water system 30.
The upstream temperature change rate calculation unit 402 calculates the water temperature change rate (adjusted temperature) on the upstream side of the heating unit 33, that is, the water temperature increase rate, based on the sensor information acquired by the sensor information acquisition unit 401. The rate of change in water temperature is calculated by applying sensor information to a heat balance model.
The upstream target temperature setting unit 403 sets the target temperature of water on the upstream side of the heating unit 33 when the hot water system 30 is in a steady state when the heat pump 20 and the hot water system 30 are in operation.
The heat pump information input unit 404 receives input of heat pump information indicating whether or not the compressor 22 of the heat pump 20 has started operation.

  The upstream-side target temperature setting unit 405 includes a sensor information acquisition unit 401, an upstream temperature change rate calculation unit 402, an upstream target temperature setting unit 403, and a heating unit at the current time according to information acquired from the heat pump information input unit 404. The target temperature of the water in the upstream of 33 is set. Specifically, the upstream side target temperature setting unit 405 sets the current water temperature on the upstream side of the heating unit 33 to the target temperature for the time being when the compressor 22 of the heat pump 20 is not operating. To do. That is, the target temperature is set for the time being so as to preserve the current water temperature. Further, the upstream side target temperature setting unit 405 is configured so that, after the compressor 22 is operated, until the current water temperature on the upstream side of the heating unit 33 reaches the upstream target temperature, the upstream temperature change rate calculation unit 402 The target temperature for the time being is set based on the calculated temperature change rate. Then, after the current water temperature on the upstream side of the heating unit 33 reaches the upstream target temperature, the upstream-side target temperature setting unit 405 uses the target temperature set by the upstream target temperature setting unit 403 as the current target temperature. Set to.

  The three-way valve control unit 406 performs three-way control by PID (Proportional / Integral / Differential) based on the current target temperature set by the upstream current target temperature setting unit 405 and the current water temperature upstream of the current heating unit 33. The opening degree of the valve 34 is controlled.

Next, the operation of the control device 40 at the start of operation of the hot water heating system according to the present embodiment will be described.
FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing the operation of the control device 40 according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
First, the upstream target temperature setting unit 403 of the control device 40 receives an input of the target temperature _T2d on the upstream side of the heating unit 33 from the administrator before the operation of the hot water heating system is started (step S1).

  The administrator of the hot water heating system operates the hot water system 30 after setting the target temperature. When the hot water system 30 is activated, the upstream-side target temperature setting unit 405 determines whether or not the heat pump information received by the heat pump information input unit 404 indicates the operation start of the compressor 22 (step S2). . The heat pump information indicates the start of operation of the compressor 22 when the administrator of the hot water heating system operates the compressor 22.

The upstream-side target temperature setting unit 405 determines that the heat pump information indicates that the compressor 22 has not been operated yet (step S2: NO), from the sensor information acquisition unit 401, the heating unit upstream side get the temperature T ₂ of the temperature detector 54 has detected, to set the temperature T ₂ of the temperature on the upstream side of the heating unit 33 to the immediate target temperature T _2a (step S3). Next, the three-way valve control unit 406 determines the opening degree so that the water temperature on the upstream side of the heating unit 33 is constant at the target temperature T _2a for the time being, that is, the current temperature T _2. The valve 34 is controlled (step S4). In other words, the three-way valve control unit 406 controls the opening degree of the three-way valve 34 so that the amount of water that cools the heat generated by the circulation pump 32 flows from the inflow unit 31. Thus, until the compressor 22 is operated, the three-way valve 34 is adjusted to an opening degree that is slightly closed from the fully open state relative to the circulation part 35, that is, an opening degree that is slightly open relative to the outflow part 36.
Thereafter, returning to step S2, the operations of step S2 to step S4 are repeatedly executed until the compressor 22 operates.

On the other hand, when it is determined that the heat pump information indicates the start of operation of the compressor 22 (step S2: YES), the upstream side target temperature setting unit 405 detects the heating unit upstream temperature from the sensor information acquisition unit 401. vessel 54 acquires the temperature _{T 2} detected. Then the upstream side immediate target temperature setting unit 405 determines the temperature T ₂ is, whether the upstream-side target temperature setting unit 403 has reached the target temperature T _2d set (step S5).

Upstream immediate target temperature setting unit 405, if the temperature _{T 2} is determined to be less than the target temperature _{T 2d} (Step S5: NO), temperatures _T 1 to the sensor information acquisition unit 401 _acquires, T 2, _{T 3} and A temperature change rate dT ₂ / dt on the upstream side of the heating unit 33 is calculated using the heat medium flow rates F ₁ and F ₂ (step S6). The temperature T ₁ is the temperature of water flowing through the inflow portion 31. The temperature T ₂ is the temperature of water on the upstream side of the heating unit 33. The temperature T ₃ is the temperature of the water in the downstream side of the heating portion 33. The flow rate F ₁ is the flow rate of water flowing through the inflow portion 31. The flow rate F ₂ is a flow rate of water flowing through the heating unit 33.

Here, the upstream temperature change rate calculation unit 402 calculates the temperature change rate dT ₂ / dt by substituting each sensor information into Equation (1) indicating the heat balance model shown below.

However, M shows the amount of water which the heating part 33 holds. Further, cp _n (n is a natural number) indicates the specific heat of water at the temperature T _n . Since the specific heat is determined by the water temperature, the upstream temperature change rate calculation unit 402 calculates the specific heat cp _n according to the temperature T _n . Q _pump indicates the amount of heat input to the water in the circulation pump 32. Incidentally, the circulating pump 32 for heat in water determined by the rotational speed, power consumption as well as characteristics of the flow rate F ₂ and the circulation pump 32 of the water passing through the circulation pump 32, the upstream temperature change rate calculating unit 402, of The amount of heat input Q _pump is calculated according to the value. Since the sensor information detected by each detection unit includes a detection delay, the upstream temperature change rate calculation unit 402 sets the water amount M, the specific heat cp _n , and the heat input amount Q _pump as transient state data during actual operation. The estimation accuracy may be improved by identifying based on the above.

Here, referring to Equation (1), the denominator on the right side of Equation (1) indicates the heat capacity of water held by the heating unit 33. Further, the numerator on the right side of the formula (2) circulates in the heating unit 33 and the heat quantity of water in which water flowing from the inflow unit 31 to the upstream side of the heating unit 33 and water circulated by the circulation unit 35 are mixed. The calorific value of the difference from the calorific value of the water is shown. That is, the temperature change rate dT ₂ / dt is circulated through the heating unit 33 and the temperature of the water in which the water flowing from the inflow unit 31 to the upstream side of the heating unit 33 and the water circulated by the circulation unit 35 are mixed. It is calculated by the difference with the temperature of the water.

Next, the upstream target temperature setting unit 405 adds a value obtained by adding the temperature change rate calculated by the upstream temperature change rate calculation unit 402 to the temperature T ₂ acquired by the sensor information acquisition unit 401 for the time being the target temperature T _2a. (Step S7). Next, the three-way valve control unit 406, the water temperature of the upstream side of the heating unit 33 determines the degree of opening so immediate becomes the target temperature T _2a, and controls the three-way valve 34 based on the opening degree (step S8) . Thus, the three-way valve control unit 406, until the water temperature T ₂ of the upstream side of the heating unit 33 reaches the target temperature T _2d, according to the characteristics of the hot water system 30 (each part temperature, flow rate, and water retention capacity of the heating portion 33) Further, the opening degree of the three-way valve 34 can be controlled at an appropriate temperature change rate. Thereafter, in step S5 until the temperature _{T 2} reaches the target temperature _{T 2d,} repeats the operation of step S5~ step S8.

In step S5, the upstream side immediate target temperature setting unit 405, if the temperature _{T 2} is determined to have reached the target temperature _{T 2d} (Step S5: YES), the target temperature _{T 2d} sets the immediate target temperature _{T 2a} ( Step S9). Next, the three-way valve control unit 406 determines the opening degree so that the water temperature on the upstream side of the heating unit 33 becomes the target temperature T _2a for the time being, that is, the target temperature T _2d , and the three-way valve 34 is set based on the opening degree. Control (step S10). Thereafter, the control device 40 ends the control of the three-way valve 34 in the transient state, and starts the steady-state control for controlling the opening degree of the three-way valve 34 based on the target temperature _T2d . The control of the three-way valve 34 in the steady state is the same as the process of repeatedly executing Step S9 and Step S10.

As described above, according to the present embodiment, the three-way valve control unit 406 performs heating by a predetermined temperature until the temperature of the water on the upstream side of the heating unit 33 reaches the target temperature _T2d after the heat pump 20 is operated. The opening degree of the three-way valve 34 is controlled so that the temperature of the water on the upstream side of the section 33 increases. Thereby, when the hot water system 30 is in a transient state, the opening degree of the three-way valve 34 can be controlled to such an extent that the opening / closing operation of the three-way valve 34 can follow the temperature change of the hot water. In particular, in the present embodiment, the predetermined temperature is calculated based on the state of water flowing through the heating unit 33, water circulating through the circulation unit 35, and water flowing from the inflow unit 31 to the upstream side of the heating unit 33. Is done. Thereby, the opening degree of the three-way valve 34 can be controlled according to the characteristics of the hot water heating system, and the water temperature on the upstream side of the heating unit 33 can be raised to the target temperature T _2a at an appropriate temperature rising rate. . In particular, as shown in the present embodiment, the temperature of the water in which the water flowing from the inflow portion 31 to the upstream side of the heating portion 33 and the water circulated by the circulation portion 35 is mixed with the water flowing through the heating portion 33. By using the temperature change rate dT ₂ / dt, which is the temperature that is the difference from the water temperature, it is possible to control the opening degree appropriately.

In the present embodiment, the three-way valve control unit 406 has described the case where the opening degree is controlled using the temperature change rate dT ₂ / dt calculated by the upstream temperature change rate calculation unit 402, but the present invention is not limited to this. The opening degree of the three-way valve 34 may be controlled so that the water temperature on the upstream side of the heating unit 33 is increased by another predetermined temperature. However, if the predetermined temperature is set too low, the opening degree is controlled so as to open with respect to the outflow portion 36, the temperature rise of the water temperature upstream of the heating portion 33 is delayed, and the hot water system 30 is in a steady state. It takes time to change to the state. On the other hand, if the predetermined temperature is set excessively, the opening degree is controlled to open with respect to the circulation unit 35, the temperature of the water on the upstream side of the heating unit 33 increases rapidly, and the three-way valve 34 is opened and closed. The operation may not be able to follow the temperature change of the hot water. In this case, there is a problem that the amount of heat exchanged in the condenser 24 of the heat pump 20 is reduced, and the efficiency of the hot water heating system is deteriorated.

<< Second Embodiment >>
Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described. The hot water heating system according to the second embodiment sets a target temperature on the upstream side of the heating unit 33 of the hot water system 30 based on the characteristics of the heat source system 10 and the hot water system 30.
FIG. 4 is a schematic configuration diagram of a hot water heating system according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
The hot water heating system according to the second embodiment includes the heat source upstream temperature detector 56 and the heat source flow rate detector 57 in the hot water system 30 of the hot water heating system according to the first embodiment, and the operation of the control device 40. Is different.
The heat source upstream temperature detector 56 detects the temperature T ₄ of hot water on the upstream side of the heat source system 10.
The heat source flow rate detector 57 detects the flow rate F _{3 of} hot water flowing through the heat source system 10.

FIG. 5 is a schematic block diagram showing the configuration of the control device 40 according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
The control device 40 according to the second embodiment includes a downstream target temperature setting unit 407 in addition to the configuration of the control device 40 according to the first embodiment, and the operation of the upstream target temperature setting unit 403 is different.
The downstream target temperature setting unit 407 sets the target temperature of water on the downstream side of the heating unit 33 when the hot water system 30 is in a steady state when the heat pump 20 and the hot water system 30 are operating.
Based on the downstream target temperature and the sensor information acquired by the sensor information acquisition unit 401, the upstream target temperature setting unit 403 is configured to supply water on the upstream side of the heating unit 33 when the hot water system 30 is in a steady state. Set the target temperature.

Next, the operation of the control device 40 at the start of operation of the hot water heating system according to the present embodiment will be described.
The operation of the control device 40 according to the second embodiment is different from the operation of the control device 40 in the first embodiment and the operation in step S1, and the operations after step S1 are the same as those in the first embodiment. is there.

Therefore, here, the operation of step S1 in the second embodiment will be described.
First, the downstream target temperature setting unit 407 of the control device 40 receives an input of the target temperature T _3d on the downstream side of the heating unit 33 from the administrator before the operation of the hot water heating system is started. Next, the upstream target temperature setting unit 403 acquires the temperature T ₄ and the flow rate F ₃ detected by the heat source upstream temperature detector 56 and the heat source flow rate detector 57 from the sensor information acquisition unit 401. Then, the upstream target temperature setting unit 403 calculates the maximum heating amount of the condenser 24 at the maximum output of the heat pump 20 based on the acquired temperature T ₄ and flow rate F ₃ . Then, the upstream-side target temperature setting unit 403, the maximum heating amount calculated on the basis of the target temperature T _3d flow F ₂ and the downstream side of the water flowing through the heating unit 33, the target temperature T on the upstream side of the heating portion 33 _2d is calculated. Specifically, the upstream side target temperature setting unit 403 sets the water temperature on the upstream side of the heating unit 33 required for setting the water temperature on the downstream side of the heating unit 33 to the target temperature T _3d by the maximum output of the heat pump 20 as the target temperature. _Let T _2d .

  Thereafter, the temperature of the hot water system 30 can be controlled so that the capacity of the heat pump 20 can be maximized according to the conditions of the heat source system 10 by executing the processing after step S2 as in the first embodiment.

<< Third Embodiment >>
Next, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described. The hot water heating system according to the third embodiment controls the opening degree (adjustment amount of heat pump control) of the vane 23 of the heat pump 20 based on the downstream temperature of the heating unit 33 of the hot water system 30.
FIG. 6 is a schematic configuration diagram of a hot water heating system according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
The hot water heating system according to the third embodiment includes a condenser temperature detector 58 in the hot water system 30 of the hot water heating system according to the first embodiment, and the operation of the control device 40 is different. Further, in the hot water heating system according to the third embodiment, the inflow portion temperature detector 52 and the inflow portion flow rate detector 51 may not be provided.
The condenser temperature detector 58 detects the temperature T ₅ of the condenser 24 of the heat pump 20.

FIG. 7 is a schematic block diagram showing the configuration of the control device 40 according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
The control device 40 according to the third embodiment includes a sensor information acquisition unit 401, a downstream temperature change rate calculation unit 408 (heat pump adjustment temperature calculation unit), a downstream target temperature setting unit 407, a downstream immediate target temperature setting unit 409, A vane control unit 410 (heat pump adjustment amount determination unit) is provided.
The sensor information acquisition unit 401 acquires sensor information (flow rate / temperature) detected by each detector provided in the hot water system 30 and the condenser 24.
The downstream temperature change rate calculation unit 408 calculates the water temperature change rate (heat pump adjustment temperature) on the downstream side of the heating unit 33, that is, the water temperature increase rate, based on the sensor information acquired by the sensor information acquisition unit 401. The rate of change in water temperature is calculated by applying sensor information to a heat balance model.
The downstream target temperature setting unit 407 sets the target temperature of water on the downstream side of the heating unit 33 when the hot water system 30 is in a steady state when the heat pump 20 is operated.

  The downstream-side target temperature setting unit 409 is configured to detect water on the downstream side of the heating unit 33 at the current time according to information acquired from the sensor information acquisition unit 401, the downstream-side temperature change rate calculation unit 408, and the downstream-side target temperature setting unit 407. Set the target temperature for the time being. Specifically, the downstream-side target temperature setting unit 409 sets the temperature change rate calculated by the downstream temperature change rate calculation unit 408 until the current water temperature on the downstream side of the heating unit 33 reaches the downstream target temperature. Based on this, set the target temperature for the time being. Then, after the current water temperature on the downstream side of the heating unit 33 reaches the downstream target temperature, the downstream side target temperature setting unit 409 uses the target temperature set by the downstream side target temperature setting unit 407 as the current target temperature. Set to.

  The vane control unit 410 controls the opening degree of the vane 23 by PID control based on the current target temperature set by the downstream immediate target temperature setting unit 409 and the current water temperature downstream of the current heating unit 33. .

Next, the operation of the control device 40 at the start of operation of the hot water heating system according to the present embodiment will be described.
FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing the operation of the control device 40 according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
First, the downstream target temperature setting unit 407 of the control device 40 receives an input of the target temperature T _3d on the downstream side of the heating unit 33 from the administrator before the operation of the hot water heating system is started (step S11).

The administrator of the hot water heating system operates the hot water system 30 after setting the target temperature, and then operates the compressor 22.
The downstream-side target temperature setting unit 409 acquires the temperature T ₃ detected by the heating unit downstream-side temperature detector 55 from the sensor information acquisition unit 401. Then downstream immediate target temperature setting unit 409 determines the temperature T ₃ is, whether or not reached the target temperature T _3d downstream-side target temperature setting unit 407 is set (step S12).

Downstream immediate target temperature setting unit 409, when the temperature _{T 3} is determined to be less than the target temperature _{T 3d} (Step S12: NO), the temperature _{T 2,} T 3 to the sensor information acquisition unit 401 acquires, _{T 5} and A temperature change rate dT ₃ / dt on the downstream side of the heating unit 33 is calculated using the heat medium flow rate F ₂ (step S13). The temperature T ₂ is the temperature of water on the upstream side of the heating unit 33. The temperature T ₃ is the temperature of the water in the downstream side of the heating portion 33. Further, the temperature T ₅ is the temperature of the heat medium in the condenser 24. The flow rate F ₂ is a flow rate of water flowing through the heating unit 33.

Here, the downstream temperature change rate calculation unit 408 calculates the temperature change rate dT ₃ / dt by substituting each sensor information into Expression (2) indicating the heat balance model shown below.

  However, U and A indicate the overall heat transfer coefficient and heat transfer area of the condenser 24, respectively. The values of U and A may be calculated in advance as design values of the heat pump 20, but are not limited thereto, and may be identified from data in a steady state during actual machine operation. U · A can be calculated by the following equation (3).

Here, referring to Expression (2), the denominator on the right side of Expression (2) indicates the heat capacity of water held by the heating unit 33. In addition, the numerator on the right side of the formula (2) is the sum of the amount of water flowing through the heating unit 33 and the amount of heat heated by the heating unit 33, and the amount of water flowing into the three-way valve 34 from the heating unit 33. The amount of heat of the difference is shown. That is, the temperature change rate dT ₃ / dt is the temperature between the water flowing through the heating unit 33 when the water is heated by the heating unit 33 and the temperature of the water flowing into the three-way valve 34 from the heating unit 33. Calculated by difference.

Next, the downstream target temperature setting unit 409 adds the value obtained by adding the temperature change rate calculated by the downstream temperature change rate calculation unit 408 to the temperature T ₃ acquired by the sensor information acquisition unit 401, for the time being the target temperature T _3a. (Step S14). Next, the vane control unit 410, the water temperature of the downstream side of the heating unit 33 determines the degree of opening of the vane 23, as immediate becomes the target temperature T _3a, controls the vane 23 so as to be the opening (step S15 ). Thus, the vane controller 410, until the water temperature T ₃ on the downstream side of the heating unit 33 reaches the target temperature T _3d, at a suitable temperature change rate in accordance with the characteristics of the heating unit 33, controls the opening of the vanes 23 can do. Thereafter, until the temperature _{T 3} reaches the target temperature _{T 3d} in Step S12, it repeats the operation of step S12~ step S15.

In step S12, the downstream immediate target temperature setting unit 409, when the temperature _{T 3} is determined to have reached the target temperature _{T 3d} (Step S12: YES), the target temperature _{T 3d} set the immediate target temperature _{T 3a} ( Step S16). Next, the vane control unit 410 determines the opening degree so that the water temperature on the downstream side of the heating unit 33 becomes the target temperature T _3a , that is, the target temperature T _3d for the time being, and controls the vane 23 with the opening degree (step) S17). Thereafter, the control device 40 ends the control of the compressor 22 in the transient state, and starts the steady state control for controlling the opening degree of the vane 23 based on the target temperature _T3d . In addition, control of the vane 23 in a steady state is the same as the process which repeatedly performs step S16 and step S17.

As described above, according to the present embodiment, the vane control unit 410 is configured to increase the heating unit by a predetermined temperature until the temperature of the water on the downstream side of the heating unit 33 reaches the target temperature _T3d after the heat pump 20 is operated. The opening degree of the vane 23 is controlled so that the temperature of the water downstream of 33 increases. Thereby, when the hot water system 30 is in a transient state, the opening degree of the vane 23 can be controlled to such an extent that the opening degree control of the vane 23 can follow the temperature change of the hot water. In particular, in the present embodiment, the predetermined temperature is calculated based on the state of the water flowing through the heating unit 33, the state of the water flowing from the heating unit 33 into the three-way valve 34, and the heating amount in the heating unit 33. Thereby, the opening degree of the vane 23 can be controlled in accordance with the characteristics of the hot water heating system, and the water temperature on the downstream side of the heating unit 33 can be raised to the target temperature T _3a at an appropriate rate of temperature increase. In particular, as shown in the present embodiment, the difference between the temperature of water flowing through the heating unit 33 and the temperature of water flowing into the three-way valve 34 from the heating unit 33 when the water flowing through the heating unit 33 is heated. By using the temperature change rate dT ₃ / dt, which is the temperature of, an appropriate opening degree can be controlled.

In the present embodiment, the vane control unit 410 has described the case where the opening degree is controlled using the temperature change rate dT ₃ / dt calculated by the downstream temperature change rate calculation unit 408, but the present invention is not limited to this. You may make it control the opening degree of the vane 23 so that the water temperature of the downstream of the heating part 33 rises only by other predetermined temperature. However, if the predetermined temperature is set too low, the rate of increase in the opening degree is controlled and the temperature is controlled slightly, the temperature of the water temperature on the downstream side of the heating unit 33 increases slowly, and the hot water system 30 transitions to a steady state. It will take time to do. On the other hand, when the predetermined temperature is set excessively, the rate of increase in the opening degree is controlled to be high, the temperature of the water temperature on the downstream side of the heating unit 33 is increased rapidly, and the opening degree control of the vane 23 is controlled by the hot water. It may become impossible to follow the temperature change. In this case, there is a problem that the amount of heat exchanged in the condenser 24 of the heat pump 20 is reduced, and the efficiency of the hot water heating system is deteriorated.

<< Fourth Embodiment >>
Next, a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described. The hot water heating system according to the fourth embodiment controls the opening degree of the three-way valve 34 based on the state of the hot water system 30 as in the second embodiment, and the hot water system 30 as in the third embodiment. The opening degree of the vane 23 of the heat pump 20 is controlled based on the state of the heating unit 33.

FIG. 9 is a schematic configuration diagram of a hot water heating system according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
The hot water heating system according to the fourth embodiment has both the configuration of the hot water heating system according to the second embodiment and the configuration of the hot water heating system according to the third embodiment. The configuration of the control device 40 according to the fourth embodiment also has the configuration of the control device 40 according to the second embodiment and the configuration of the control device 40 according to the third embodiment.

The operation of the hot water heating system according to the fourth embodiment is a combination of the operation of the second embodiment and the operation of the third embodiment.
Specifically, when the downstream target temperature is set in step S11 of the third embodiment, the upstream target temperature is calculated in step S1 of the second embodiment using the downstream target temperature. Do.
In Steps S2 to S4 according to the second embodiment, the control device 40 performs only the opening degree control of the three-way valve 34. On the other hand, the control device 40 executes the processes of steps S12 to S15 according to the third embodiment in parallel while executing the processes of steps S5 to S8. And the control apparatus 40 performs the process of step S16 and step S17 by 3rd Embodiment, when performing the process of step S9 and step S10 by 2nd Embodiment.
Thereby, the control apparatus 40 can control appropriately the opening degree of the three-way valve 34 and the opening degree of the vane 23, respectively.

  As described above, the embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the drawings. However, the specific configuration is not limited to the above, and various design changes and the like can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention. It is possible to

  The control device 40 described above has a computer system inside. The operation of each processing unit described above is stored in a computer-readable recording medium in the form of a program, and the above processing is performed by the computer reading and executing this program. Here, the computer-readable recording medium means a magnetic disk, a magneto-optical disk, a CD-ROM, a DVD-ROM, a semiconductor memory, or the like. Alternatively, the computer program may be distributed to the computer via a communication line, and the computer that has received the distribution may execute the program.

  The program may be for realizing a part of the functions described above. Furthermore, what can implement | achieve the function mentioned above in combination with the program already recorded on the computer system, what is called a difference file (difference program) may be sufficient.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Heat source system 20 ... Heat pump 21 ... Evaporator 22 ... Compressor 23 ... Condenser 24 ... Expansion valve 30 ... Warm water system 31 ... Inflow part 32 ... Circulation pump 33 ... Heating part 34 ... Three-way valve 35 ... Circulation part 36 ... Outflow Reference numeral 40: Control device 51: Inflow part flow detector 52 ... Inflow part temperature detector 53 ... Heating part flow detector 54 ... Heating part upstream temperature detector 55 ... Heating part downstream temperature detector 56 ... Heat source upstream temperature Detector 57 ... Heat source flow detector 58 ... Condenser temperature detector 401 ... Sensor information acquisition unit 402 ... Upstream temperature change rate calculation unit 403 ... Upstream target temperature setting unit 404 ... Heat pump information input unit 405 ... Upstream side target Temperature setting unit 406 ... Three-way valve control unit 407 ... Downstream-side target temperature setting unit 408 ... Downstream-side temperature change rate calculation unit 409 ... Downstream-side target temperature setting 410 ... vane controller

Claims (14)

A heat pump having a heat output heat exchanger that draws heat from the heat source system and outputs heat;
A heating unit that heats water with the heat obtained from the heat output heat exchanger;
An outflow part that causes the water heated by the heating part to flow out to a heating target; and
A circulation unit for circulating water heated by the heating unit to the upstream side of the heating unit;
An inflow part for allowing water to flow into the upstream side of the heating part from a heating target;
A controller for controlling a hot water heating system comprising: an adjustment unit that adjusts a flow rate of water from the heating unit to the outflow unit and the circulation unit;
An upstream target temperature setting unit for setting a target temperature of water upstream of the heating unit;
The adjustment amount of the flow distribution by the adjustment unit is determined so that the temperature of the water upstream of the heating unit increases by a predetermined temperature until the temperature of the water upstream of the heating unit reaches the target temperature. And a control amount determining unit. The adjustment amount determination unit is configured to supply water that is circulating to the heating unit, water that is circulated by the circulation unit, and heating from the inflow unit until the temperature of water upstream of the heating unit reaches the target temperature. Determining the adjustment amount of the flow distribution by the adjustment unit so that the temperature of the water upstream of the heating unit increases by a predetermined temperature calculated based on the state of the water flowing into the upstream side of the unit. The control device according to claim 1. Based on the state of the water flowing through the heating unit, the water circulating through the circulation unit, and the water flowing into the upstream side of the heating unit from the inflow unit to the upstream side of the heating unit The temperature of the difference between the temperature of the water in which the inflowing water and the water circulated by the circulation unit are mixed and the temperature of the water circulating in the heating unit is calculated as the adjustment temperature used for determining the adjustment amount. An adjustment temperature calculation unit
The adjustment amount determination unit increases the temperature of the water upstream of the heating unit by the adjustment temperature calculated by the adjustment temperature calculation unit until the temperature of the water upstream of the heating unit reaches the target temperature. The control device according to claim 2, wherein an adjustment amount of flow distribution by the adjustment unit is determined. The adjustment amount determination unit determines an adjustment amount of flow distribution by the adjustment unit so that a temperature of water flowing into the heating unit is constant until the heat pump is operated. The control device according to claim 3.   The upstream target temperature setting unit is based on a maximum heating amount in the heating unit, a flow rate of water flowing into the heating unit, and a target temperature of water downstream of the heating unit. The control device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a target temperature of water is set. A downstream target temperature setting unit for setting a target temperature of water downstream of the heating unit;
Heat pump adjustment amount that determines the adjustment amount of heat pump control so that the temperature of water downstream of the heating unit increases by a predetermined temperature until the temperature of water downstream of the heating unit reaches the target temperature The control apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising: a determination unit. The heat pump adjustment amount determination unit circulates through the heating unit and flows into the adjustment unit from the heating unit until the temperature of water downstream of the heating unit reaches the target temperature, and the The adjustment amount of heat pump control is determined so that the temperature of the water of the downstream of the said heating part rises only by the predetermined | prescribed temperature calculated based on the heating amount in a heating part. Control device. Water flowing through the heating unit is heated by the heating unit based on the state of the water flowing through the heating unit, the state of the water flowing from the heating unit into the adjusting unit, and the amount of heating in the heating unit. A heat pump adjustment temperature calculation unit that calculates the difference between the temperature of the water at the time of heating and the temperature of the water flowing into the adjustment unit from the heating unit as a heat pump adjustment temperature used to determine the adjustment amount of the heat pump control ,
The heat pump adjustment amount determination unit determines the temperature of water downstream of the heating unit by the heat pump adjustment temperature calculated by the heat pump adjustment temperature calculation unit until the temperature of water downstream of the heating unit reaches the target temperature. The control device according to claim 7, wherein an adjustment amount of the heat pump control is determined so that the temperature increases. A heat pump having a heat output heat exchanger that draws heat from the heat source system and outputs heat;
A heating unit that heats water with the heat obtained from the heat output heat exchanger;
An outflow part that causes the water heated by the heating part to flow out to a heating target; and
A circulation unit for circulating water heated by the heating unit to the upstream side of the heating unit;
A control device for controlling a hot water heating system comprising: an inflow portion for allowing water to flow from an object to be heated to an upstream side of the heating portion;
A downstream target temperature setting unit for setting a target temperature of water downstream of the heating unit;
Heat pump adjustment amount that determines the adjustment amount of heat pump control so that the temperature of water downstream of the heating unit increases by a predetermined temperature until the temperature of water downstream of the heating unit reaches the target temperature A control device comprising: a determination unit. The heat pump adjustment amount determination unit is configured to adjust the state of the water flowing through the heating unit and the water flowing out from the heating unit and the heating unit until the temperature of water downstream of the heating unit reaches the target temperature. 10. The control device according to claim 9, wherein an adjustment amount of heat pump control is determined such that a temperature of water downstream of the heating unit is increased by a predetermined temperature calculated based on a heating amount. . Based on the state of the water flowing through the heating unit and the water flowing out from the heating unit and the amount of heating in the heating unit, the water flowing through the heating unit is heated by the heating unit. A heat pump adjustment temperature calculation unit that calculates the temperature of the difference between the temperature of water and the temperature of water flowing out of the heating unit as a heat pump adjustment temperature used for determining the adjustment amount of heat pump control,
The heat pump adjustment amount determination unit determines the temperature of water downstream of the heating unit by the heat pump adjustment temperature calculated by the heat pump adjustment temperature calculation unit until the temperature of water downstream of the heating unit reaches the target temperature. The control device according to claim 10, wherein an adjustment amount of the heat pump control is determined so that the temperature increases. A heat pump having a heat output heat exchanger that draws heat from the heat source system and outputs heat;
A heating unit that heats water with the heat obtained from the heat output heat exchanger;
An outflow part that causes the water heated by the heating part to flow out to a heating target; and
A circulation unit for circulating water heated by the heating unit to the upstream side of the heating unit;
An inflow part for allowing water to flow into the upstream side of the heating part from a heating target;
An adjustment unit for adjusting the flow distribution of water from the heating unit to the circulation unit and the outflow unit;
A control device according to any one of claims 1 to 11,
A hot water heating system comprising: A heat pump having a heat output heat exchanger that draws heat from the heat source system and outputs heat;
A heating unit that heats water with the heat obtained from the heat output heat exchanger;
An outflow part that causes the water heated by the heating part to flow out to a heating target; and
A circulation unit for circulating water heated by the heating unit to the upstream side of the heating unit;
An inflow part for allowing water to flow into the upstream side of the heating part from a heating target;
A control method for controlling an adjustment amount of an adjustment unit of a hot water heating system, comprising: an adjustment unit that adjusts a flow rate distribution of water from the heating unit to the circulation unit and the outflow unit,
Determining a target temperature of water upstream of the heating unit;
The adjustment amount of the flow distribution by the adjustment unit is determined so that the temperature of the water upstream of the heating unit increases by a predetermined temperature until the temperature of the water upstream of the heating unit reaches the target temperature. And a control method comprising the steps of: A heat pump having a heat output heat exchanger that draws heat from the heat source system and outputs heat;
A heating unit that heats water with the heat obtained from the heat output heat exchanger;
An outflow part that causes the water heated by the heating part to flow out to a heating target; and
A circulation unit for circulating water heated by the heating unit to the upstream side of the heating unit;
A control device for controlling an adjustment amount of a heat pump of a hot water heating system comprising: an inflow portion for allowing water to flow from an object to be heated to an upstream side of the heating portion;
Determining a target temperature of water downstream of the heating unit;
Determining an adjustment amount of heat pump control so that the temperature of water downstream of the heating unit increases by a predetermined temperature until the temperature of water downstream of the heating unit reaches the target temperature. A control method characterized by comprising:

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