JP2013100609A - Method for manufacturing special yarn - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for manufacturing a special yarn having a short slub dispensing with an electromagnetic clutch or a motor having a large volume for rapidly increasing and decreasing the speed of a front roller in order to create the short slub and hardly reducing productivity.SOLUTION: A spinning machine having a draft part in which a front roller and a back roller are driven by separate variable speed motors is used, the speeds of the front roller and the back roller are temporary decreased before operating the creation of the slub without changing the thickness of the yarn, and the spinning speed is decreased slower than that at the normal spinning. In such a state, the creation of the slub is operated.

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for producing a special yarn, and more particularly, to a method for producing a special yarn called a slab yarn or a design yarn having a slab that is not constant in thickness and partially formed thicker than a reference thickness portion. .

  This type of special yarn is manufactured by shifting the front roller and the back roller so as to temporarily reduce the draft ratio between the front roller and the back roller during spinning of a yarn having a reference thickness. In addition, it is generally said that the minimum length of a slab is about the fiber length. To manufacture a short slab, a raw material having a short fiber length is used, or the front bottom roller and the back bottom roller are used for a short time. It is known that it is effective to rapidly accelerate and decelerate.

  Conventionally, as shown in FIG. 7, when generating a short slab (short slab), the rotational speed of the front roller is temporarily set to zero, and when generating a long slab, the rotational speed of the front roller is set to that of the back roller. A special yarn manufacturing apparatus has been proposed that decelerates to approach the rotational speed (see Patent Document 1). In the manufacturing apparatus described in Patent Document 1, the front roller and the back roller are each driven by a separate variable speed motor. The front roller is configured to be able to transmit the rotation of the variable speed motor through two gear transmission mechanisms and two electromagnetic clutches. When the two electromagnetic clutches are off, the rotation of the variable speed motor is not transmitted to the front roller. When the two electromagnetic clutches are on, the rotation of the variable speed motor is less than when the one electromagnetic clutch is on. The rotation speed is decelerated and transmitted to the front roller. By controlling the connection and disconnection of the two electromagnetic clutches, a short slab and a long slab are generated, and the rotation of the front roller is temporarily stopped when the short slab is generated.

JP-A-62-162031

  However, in the configuration in which the front roller is rapidly reduced and accelerated using the electromagnetic clutch and the gear transmission mechanism, the mechanism becomes complicated and the cost increases. In addition, at a normal spinning speed (15 to 30 m / min), a motor with a large capacity is required as a variable speed motor in order to generate a short slab by reducing the acceleration of the front roller only by shifting the variable speed motor. In addition, there is a problem that the strength of the drive train transmission device must be increased.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and its object is to eliminate the need for an electromagnetic clutch or a large-capacity motor for abrupt deceleration and acceleration of the front roller in order to generate a short slab. Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a special yarn that can produce a special yarn having a short slab without substantially reducing productivity.

  In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 1 is a method of manufacturing a special yarn having a slab that is partially thicker than a reference thickness portion, wherein a front roller and a back roller are respectively provided. Using a spinning machine having a draft part driven by another variable speed motor, the front roller and the back roller are temporarily decelerated without changing the yarn thickness before the slab generating operation, and the spinning speed Is made slower than normal spinning, and the slab generation operation is performed from that state. Here, the “back roller” means a roller disposed on the upstream side of the front roller in order to send out the sliver to the front roller and draft the sliver with a rotational speed difference from the front roller. For example, if the draft part is a 3-wire type, it becomes a middle roller (second roller) and a third roller (back roller), and if the draft part is a 2-wire type, it becomes a second roller (back roller).

  In the present invention, unlike the conventional technique in which the slab is generated at the spinning speed during the spinning of the reference thickness portion, that is, the front roller is rapidly decelerated, the yarn thickness is reduced before the slab generating operation. Without changing, the front roller and the back roller are temporarily decelerated, and the slab generating operation is started from a state in which the spinning speed is slower than that during normal spinning. That is, at least one of the speed reduction of the front roller and the acceleration / deceleration of the back roller is performed from a state where the spinning speed is lower than the normal spinning speed so that the draft ratio becomes smaller than when the portion of the reference thickness is spun. To generate a slab. For example, once the spinning speed is reduced to 1/3 of the normal spinning before the slab generating operation, the deceleration and acceleration required for the roller during the slab generating operation may be reduced to 1/9 of the normal spinning. Is possible. Therefore, when generating an extremely short slab, the front roller and the back roller can be shifted without difficulty without using a motor having a large capacity as a variable speed motor. Therefore, a special yarn having a short slab is manufactured without substantially reducing productivity without requiring an electromagnetic clutch or a large capacity motor for rapid deceleration and acceleration of the front roller to generate a short slab. be able to.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect of the invention, the slab generating operation reduces the draft ratio by decelerating the front roller. In the present invention, when the slab is generated, the draft ratio is lowered only by the deceleration of the front roller, so that it is not necessary to perform the shift control of the back roller.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the first or second aspect of the present invention, when the slab is generated, the back roller is accelerated to lower the draft ratio. In the present invention, the acceleration control of the back roller is performed when the slab is generated. When the draft ratio is lowered to the target value only by the back roller acceleration control, it is not necessary to perform the front roller shift control. In addition, when the front roller deceleration control is performed together with the back roller acceleration control, the front roller and the back roller are compared with the case where the shift ratio is controlled by the back roller alone or the front roller alone to lower the draft ratio to a target value. The amount of shift can be reduced.

  In accordance with the present invention, a special slab having a short slab without substantially reducing productivity without the need for an electromagnetic clutch or a large capacity motor for rapid deceleration and acceleration of the front roller to produce a short slab. Yarn can be manufactured.

(A) is a schematic diagram which shows the relationship with the speed change of each bottom roller of one Embodiment, the change of draft ratio, and the shape of a slab yarn, (b) is a schematic diagram which shows pattern data. The block diagram of a special thread manufacturing apparatus. The figure which shows the speed change of each bottom roller of another embodiment. The figure which shows the speed change of each bottom roller of another embodiment. The figure which shows the speed change of each bottom roller of another embodiment. The figure which shows the speed change of each bottom roller of another embodiment. The figure which shows the speed change of the spindle of a prior art, a front roller, and a back roller.

Hereinafter, an embodiment embodying the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.
The special yarn manufacturing apparatus is basically configured in the same manner as the ring spinning machine. As shown in FIG. 2, the spindle 1 is driven by a spindle drive system including a drive pulley 3 driven by a motor 2, a driven pulley 4, and a tangential belt 5 wound between the pulleys 3 and 4. It is designed to rotate. As the motor 2, a variable speed motor driven through an inverter 6 is used, and a rotary encoder 2a is provided. A line shaft 7 is rotatably disposed along the spindle row. On the line shaft 7, a lifting unit 10 for moving up and down a ring rail 8 provided with a ring 8 a on which the traveler T travels and a lappet angle (not shown) provided with a snell wire 9 is disposed at a predetermined interval ( Only one is shown).

  The elevating unit 10 is engaged with a screw gear 11 that is fitted and fixed to the line shaft 7 so as to be integrally rotatable, and a screw portion 12 a that is formed below the poker pillar 12 that supports the ring rail 8 and meshes with the screw gear 11. And a nut body 13. The line shaft 7 is connected to a drive shaft of the servo motor 14 via a gear mechanism (not shown), and the ring rail 8 is moved up and down when the servo motor 14 is driven to rotate forward and backward. The servo motor 14 includes a rotary encoder 14 a and is controlled via a servo driver 15.

  A front roller 17 (only a bottom roller is shown) constituting the draft part 16 is connected to a first servo motor 18 as a variable speed motor. The middle roller 19 (only the bottom roller is shown) is connected to a second servo motor 20 as a variable speed motor, and the back bottom roller 21 (the back top roller is not shown) is connected to the middle roller 19 via a gear train 22. ing. In this embodiment, the draft rollers after the middle roller 19 constitute a back roller. That is, the front roller 17 and the other draft rollers after the middle roller 19, that is, the back roller are driven by different variable speed motors. Both servomotors 18 and 20 are provided with rotary encoders 18a and 20a, respectively. The middle roller 19 includes an apron 19a. A sensor S1 that outputs a pulse signal corresponding to the rotation of the front roller 17 is provided in the vicinity of the gear 17a that is fixed to the front roller 17 so as to be integrally rotatable.

  The control device 23 that controls the motors 2, 14, 18, and 20 includes a CPU (Central Processing Unit) 24, a program memory 25, a work memory 26, and an input device 27. The CPU 24 is connected to the rotary encoders 2a, 14a, 18a, and 20a, the sensor S1, and the input device 27 via an input interface (not shown). The CPU 24 is connected to the inverter 6 and the servo driver 15 via an output interface and a motor drive circuit (not shown). The CPU 24 is connected to the first servomotor 18 via an output interface, drive circuit and servo driver 28 (not shown), and is connected to the second servomotor 20 via an output interface, drive circuit and servo driver 29.

  The CPU 24 operates based on predetermined program data stored in the program memory 25. The program memory 25 comprises a read only memory (ROM), and stores the program data and various data necessary for the execution.

  The program data includes a control program for the motor 2 and the servo motor 14 during the winding operation, a program for driving control of the first servo motor 18 and the second servo motor 20 during normal spinning, and a first program for generating the slab. There is a program for shifting control of the first servo motor 18 and the second servo motor 20. Various data include various fiber types, spinning conditions such as spinning yarn count and draft rate of standard thickness, spindle rotation speed during normal spinning, rotation speeds of the first servo motor 18 and the second servo motor 20. And correspondence data with the ascending / descending speed of the ring rail 8.

  The work memory 26 includes a memory (RAM) that can be read and rewritten, and temporarily stores data input by the input device 27, a calculation processing result in the CPU 24, and the like. The working memory 26 includes a backup power source (not shown).

  The input device 27 is used to input spinning condition data such as special yarn pattern data, spun yarn count of standard thickness, spindle rotation speed, lift length, chase length when spinning spun yarn of standard thickness. Is done. As shown in FIG. 1B, the special yarn pattern data includes a slab length Ls which is a length of a slab (thick yarn portion) S thicker than a reference thickness portion Y0 of the special yarn SY, and a slab S. The pitch length P of the slab S is the length of the reference thickness portion Y0. The pattern data is data indicating when the shift for slab generation is performed, that is, data indicating when the deceleration operation start and the slab generation operation before the slab generation operation are performed, and is indicated by the spinning length. ing. The spinning length is calculated based on the output signal from the sensor S1.

  The control program for the first servo motor 18 and the second servo motor 20 does not shift the rollers 17, 19, and 21 in one step from the rotational speed at the time of normal spinning to the rotational speed for slab generation. Prior to the shift for generation, the shift is performed while maintaining the draft ratio constant to a predetermined speed lower than the rotation speed at the time of normal spinning, and then the shift for generation of the slab is performed. More specifically, as shown in FIG. 1 (a), after the rollers 17, 19, and 21 are decelerated from the rotational speed during normal spinning to a predetermined low speed, the front roller 17 is maintained at that low speed. The middle roller 19 and the back bottom roller 21 are accelerated to the slab generation speed, held at the slab generation speed for a predetermined time, and then decelerated to a low speed before shifting for slab generation. Thereafter, each of the rollers 17, 19 and 21 is accelerated while maintaining a draft ratio constant up to the rotational speed at the time of normal spinning, and then normal spinning is performed.

  Next, the operation of the apparatus configured as described above will be described. Prior to the operation of the machine base, first, spinning conditions are input by the input device 27. As spinning conditions, data such as special yarn pattern data, spinning yarn count of reference thickness, spindle rotation speed at the time of spinning of spinning yarn of reference thickness, lift length, chase length, and the like are input.

  Then, the motor 2, the servo motor 14, the first servo motor 18, and the second servo motor 20 are driven and controlled by commands from the control device 23 as the machine base is started. CPU24 calculates the rotational speed of each motor based on the output signal of each rotary encoder 2a, 14a, 18a, 20a. The CPU 24 outputs a command signal for synchronously driving the spindle drive system, the draft part drive system and the lifting drive system at a predetermined speed corresponding to the spinning conditions, and the inverter 6 and each servo driver via each drive circuit. 15, 28 and 29. The spindle drive system, the draft part drive system, and the lifting drive system are synchronously driven in an independent state, and the special yarn SY sent from the draft part 16 is wound around the bobbin B through the snell wire 9 and the traveler T.

  The CPU 24 calculates the rotation speed of the front roller 17, that is, the spinning yarn length, based on the output signal from the sensor S1 when spinning the yarn having the reference thickness. When the CPU 24 spins the slab S, the front roller 17, the middle roller 19, and the back bottom roller 21 are normally spun without changing the thickness of the yarn, that is, with the draft ratio kept constant. The rotational speed is reduced from a predetermined speed to a predetermined low speed. Thereafter, the front roller 17 is maintained at a predetermined low speed for slab generation, and the middle roller 19 and the back bottom roller 21 are accelerated to the maximum slab generation speed, and then maintained at the maximum slab generation speed for a predetermined time. Decelerate to low speed. Then, after the middle roller 19 and the back bottom roller 21 are decelerated to a predetermined low speed, each of the rollers 17, 19, 21 is accelerated while maintaining a draft ratio constant up to the rotational speed during normal spinning, Usually spinning is performed. Thereafter, the special yarn is spun in the same manner.

  As a result, as shown in FIG. 1 (a), the special yarn SY is thick when the middle roller 19 and the back bottom roller 21 start accelerating from a predetermined speed that is lower than the rotational speed during normal spinning. Becomes thicker than the reference thickness, and becomes thickest when the rotation speed of the middle roller 19 and the back bottom roller 21 reaches the maximum slab generation speed. While the rotation speeds of the middle roller 19 and the back bottom roller 21 are maintained at the maximum slab generation speed, the maximum thickness portion is generated, and then the speed is reduced to the low speed at the start of the slab generation operation. Is generated in such a manner that the length gradually decreases. The portion where the thickness of the special yarn SY is thicker than the reference thickness portion is the slab S, and the slab length Ls means the entire length of the portion having a different thickness.

  Each roller 17, 19, and 21 is decelerated from the rotational speed at the time of normal spinning to a predetermined low speed (from time t1 to time t2 in FIG. 1A), and after completion of the slab generating operation, each roller. The acceleration gradient during acceleration of 17, 19, and 21 to the rotational speed during normal spinning (from time t3 to time t4 in FIG. 1A) is set to be the same. In order to generate a short slab with almost no loss in productivity, the time required for deceleration needs to be 0.3 seconds or less, and the deceleration gradient is the speed at the time of normal spinning and the target speed after completion of deceleration. It is set to an appropriate value corresponding to. Further, the acceleration gradient and the deceleration gradient of the back rollers (the middle roller 19 and the back bottom roller 21) during the slab generating operation are set to be the same. The slab generation operation time (time from time t2 to time t3) is 0.4 seconds or less, and the acceleration gradient during the slab generation operation corresponds to the rotation speed at the start of the slab generation operation and the maximum slab generation speed. Is set to an appropriate value. That is, the time from the preparation stage before the slab generation (deceleration from the normal spinning speed to the slab generating operation start speed) until the slab is generated and returned to the original spinning speed is 1 second or less.

  When the CPU 24 approaches the time when the slab generating operation is necessary from the length of the spun yarn length, the spun speed is reduced so as not to change the pitch length P of the slab S of the special yarn SY to the pitch length P of the pattern data. A point (time t1 in FIG. 1A) at which the spinning speed is lowered is calculated in advance based on the spinning conditions so that the completion point becomes the slab generation operation start point.

  In the conventional technology, during the spinning of the reference thickness portion, the slab generating operation, that is, the front roller 17 is rapidly reduced and accelerated at the spinning speed. However, in this embodiment, unlike the prior art, the front roller 17 and the back roller (the middle roller 19 and the back bottom roller 21) are temporarily decelerated without changing the draft ratio before the slab generating operation, and the spinning speed. The slab generation operation starts from the state where the operation is delayed. That is, the front roller 17 is decelerated and the back roller is reduced so that the draft ratio becomes smaller than that when the portion Y0 having the reference thickness is spun from a lower speed than a normal spinning speed (for example, 15 to 30 m / min). A slab is generated by shifting at least one of acceleration and deceleration.

  The roller acceleration required when generating a standard length slab (slab length of 30 mm or more) is proportional to the square of the spinning speed. Also, the roller acceleration when generating a short slab (slab length less than 30 mm) requires a rapid roller acceleration (approximately 3 to 10 times) as compared with the case of generating a standard slab. However, for example, once the spinning speed is reduced to 1/3 of the normal spinning before the slab generating operation, the deceleration and acceleration required for the roller during the slab generating operation are reduced to 1/9 of the normal spinning. It is possible. Therefore, when generating an extremely short slab, the front roller 17 and the back roller can be shifted without difficulty without using a motor having a large capacity as a variable speed motor.

According to this embodiment, the following effects can be obtained.
(1) A special yarn SY having a portion called a slab that is partially thicker than a reference thickness portion has a front roller 17 and a back roller (middle roller 19 and back bottom roller 21), which have different speeds. Manufactured using a spinning machine having a draft part 16 driven by a motor. Then, the front roller 17 and the back roller (the middle roller 19 and the back bottom roller 21) are temporarily decelerated without changing the thickness of the yarn before the slab generating operation, so that the spinning speed is higher than that during normal spinning. The state is made slow, and the slab generation operation is performed from that state. Therefore, a special yarn having a short slab is produced without substantially reducing productivity without requiring an electromagnetic clutch or a large capacity motor for suddenly decelerating and accelerating the front roller 17 to generate a short slab. can do.

  (2) At the time of slab generation, the back rollers (the middle roller 19 and the back bottom roller 21) are accelerated to lower the draft ratio. In other words, when the slab is generated, the acceleration control of the back roller is performed without performing the shift control of the front roller 17, so the driving load of the front roller is reduced as compared with the case where the acceleration / deceleration control of only the front roller 17 is performed. Productivity is also improved.

  (3) The deceleration gradient at the time of deceleration of the front roller 17 and the back roller performed before the slab generating operation is set corresponding to the spinning condition. Although the deceleration gradient may be constant regardless of the spinning conditions, it is preferable that the time required for this deceleration is short. By setting the deceleration gradient according to the spinning conditions, it is possible to set an appropriate deceleration gradient that shortens the time required for deceleration without excessive load being applied to the draft part 16.

The embodiment is not limited to the above, and may be embodied as follows, for example.
As shown in FIG. 3, at the time of slab generation, the front roller 17 may be decelerated to lower the draft ratio. In this case, when the slab is generated, since the draft ratio is lowered only by the deceleration of the front roller 17, it is not necessary to perform the shift control of the back roller. Therefore, it is not necessary to make the rotation speed of the second servomotor 20 for driving the back roller higher than the rotation speed at the time of normal spinning, and a motor having a low maximum speed can be used.

  As shown in FIG. 4, when the slab is generated, the back roller acceleration control may be performed together with the deceleration control of the front roller 17. In this case, the shift amount of the front roller 17 and the back roller can be reduced as compared with a case where the shift control is performed by the front roller 17 alone or the back roller alone to lower the draft ratio to a target value.

  O Which method of performing the slab generation operation by decelerating and accelerating the front roller 17, the method of decelerating and accelerating the back roller, and the method of decelerating and accelerating the front roller 17 together with the acceleration and deceleration of the back roller. The choice depends on the machine specifications and the spinning conditions of the special yarn to be produced. In the method in which the slab generating operation is performed by decelerating and accelerating the front roller 17, the load on the front roller 17 increases, so that it is preferable to employ the method when the front drive system has a margin. The method using acceleration and deceleration of the back roller increases the load on the back roller, and is therefore preferably used when the back roller drive system has a margin. When the front roller 17 is decelerated and accelerated, and the back roller is accelerated and decelerated, the load on the front roller 17 and the back roller is intermediate between the two, so that the front drive system and the back roller drive system have a small margin. It is preferable to adopt.

  ○ When the front roller 17 and the back roller reach the target speed when decelerating the front roller 17 or accelerating the back roller so that the draft ratio becomes smaller than when spinning the reference thickness portion for slab generation. Alternatively, control may be performed to immediately start deceleration and acceleration as shown in FIG. 5 or 6 without maintaining the target speed.

When the front roller 17 is decelerated during the slab generation operation, the speed may be reduced to zero, that is, the front roller 17 may be temporarily stopped.
Instead of driving the middle roller 19 and the back bottom roller 21 with the common second servomotor 20, a configuration may be adopted in which the middle roller 19 and the backbottom roller 21 are driven with different variable speed motors.

  ○ Deceleration gradient while each roller 17, 19, 21 is decelerated from the rotational speed at the time of normal spinning to a predetermined low speed, and the rotational speed at the time of normal spinning of each roller 17, 19, 21 after the slab generating operation is completed The acceleration gradient during acceleration up to may be set to a different value instead of the same.

  ○ Deceleration gradient while each roller 17, 19, 21 is decelerated from the rotation speed during normal spinning to a predetermined low speed, and after completion of the slab generation operation, each roller 17, 19, 21 is rotated to the rotation speed during normal spinning. The acceleration gradient during acceleration may be stored in advance in the program memory 25 or the work memory 26 in accordance with the spinning conditions.

  ○ The start of the slab generation operation is not limited to the time when the deceleration of the front roller and the back roller for making the spinning speed slower than that during normal spinning is completed, but may be slightly delayed from the time when the deceleration is completed. However, since the spinning state different from the normal spinning is preferably short, it is preferable to start the slab generation operation immediately after the completion of the deceleration.

  ○ Instead of the configuration in which the spinning speed at the start of the slab generation operation is input every time the spinning conditions are input, the deceleration rate from the normal spinning speed is set in advance in the program memory 25 according to the thickness and length of the slab S. It is also possible to store the data in the memory and automatically set by the CPU 24 from the spinning conditions.

The following technical idea (invention) can be understood from the embodiment.
(1) In the invention according to any one of claims 1 to 3, a deceleration gradient at the time of deceleration of the front roller and the back roller performed before the generation operation of the slab corresponds to a spinning condition. Is set.

  B ... Bobbin, S ... Slab, SY ... Special thread, Y0 ... Reference thickness part, 16 ... Draft part, 17 ... Front roller, 18 ... First servo motor as variable speed motor, 19 ... Back roller Middle roller, 20... Second servo motor as a variable speed motor, 21... Back bottom roller constituting the back roller.

Claims (3)

  A method for producing a special yarn having a slab that is partially thicker than a reference thickness part, using a spinning machine having a draft part in which a front roller and a back roller are each driven by a separate variable speed motor, Before the slab generation operation, the front roller and the back roller are temporarily decelerated without changing the yarn thickness, and the spinning speed is made slower than normal spinning, and the slab is generated from that state. A method for producing a special yarn, characterized by performing an operation.   The method for producing a special yarn according to claim 1, wherein in the slab generating operation, the front roller is decelerated to lower the draft ratio.   The method for producing a special yarn according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the slab generating operation increases the speed of the back roller to lower the draft ratio.