JP2013100027A - Steering device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a steering device capable of taking a large rudder angle so that the rudder can be used for braking the ship.SOLUTION: A worm wheel 20 is mounted on an upper end of a rudder shaft projecting upward from a rudder plate 18 so as to be integrally rotated. A worm 21 is engaged with the worm wheel 20. The worm can be rotationally driven in both normal and reverse directions by a rotational drive source 30. The rotational direction and rotation amount of the rotational drive source 30 are controlled to control the rudder angle of the rudder plate 18 through the worm 21 and the worm wheel 20.

Description

  The present invention relates to a steering apparatus capable of taking a large steering angle (a steering angle at which the rudder can be used for braking).

  Ships, submersibles, and submarines (hereinafter referred to as ships) are equipped with a steering device that changes the rudder angle, and the steering device changes the rudder angle to navigate in a desired direction. In general, if the rudder angle is excessive, the water flow from the propeller is peeled off from the surface of the rudder and the water flow cannot be sufficiently deflected, and a large rudder angle is not necessary for normal navigation. A steering device that rotates the rudder within a range of about 50 degrees (about 70 degrees in total) has been common. For this reason, the conventional general steering device rotates the rudder by pushing and pulling two hydraulic cylinders or the like.

  On the other hand, a technique for obtaining a large steering angle is also known. For example, a combination of a shilling ladder and a rotary vane steering mechanism. The shilling ladder has a special shape for the rudder plate, and rectifier plates attached to the upper and lower ends of the rudder plate, which can deflect the water flow from the propeller that hits the rudder. Further, by combining the rotary vane type steering mechanism, it is possible to change the rudder angle within a range of 70 degrees at the left and right (total 140 degrees). In this case, almost no forward force is lost at the maximum rudder angle, and the stern moves sideways.

Special Table 2002-510263

  Ships are difficult to stop suddenly. Therefore, it is conceivable to use the rudder as a brake by rotating the rudder angle within a range of a total of 180 degrees, a maximum of 90 degrees on the left and right, so that the rudder is perpendicular to the hull.

  However, even with a rotary vane type steering mechanism, it is difficult to structurally rotate the rudder within a total range of 180 degrees.

  Then, the main subject of this invention is providing the steering device which can take a big steering angle.

The present invention that has solved the above problems is as follows.
<Invention of Claim 1>
A worm wheel that rotates integrally with the rotating shaft of the rudder plate;
The worm meshed with this worm wheel,
A rotational drive source capable of rotationally driving the worm in both forward and reverse directions,
By controlling the rotational direction and amount of rotation of the rotational drive source, the steering angle of the steering plate is adjusted via the worm and worm wheel.
A steering apparatus characterized by that.

(Function and effect)
According to the steering apparatus according to the present invention, the steering angle of the steering plate can be adjusted via the worm and the worm wheel by controlling the rotation direction and the rotation amount of the rotation drive source.

  By adopting the power transmission mechanism using the worm and the worm wheel in this manner, the rotation range is not restricted and a large steering angle can be obtained even though the mechanism is very compact. Therefore, for example, the rudder angle range of the rudder plate can be 90 degrees or more on each of the left and right sides, and the total of 180 degrees or more, and the rudder can be used for marine vessel braking. Further, since the steering device according to the present invention is a mechanism that directly transmits the driving force of the rotational driving source to the rudder, the driving force for steering is sufficient.

<Invention of Claim 2>
The steering apparatus according to claim 1, comprising a thrust bearing attached to both ends of the worm, and a damping member sandwiched between a thrust support surface of the thrust bearing and the worm.

(Function and effect)
When a worm is used, a thrust bearing is used. However, if the worm is simply supported by the thrust bearing, the vibration of the rudder is transmitted to the thrust bearing. Therefore, it is preferable to interpose the vibration damping member as described above.

<Invention of Claim 3>
The steering apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the steering angle range is 90 degrees or more on each of the left and right sides.

(Function and effect)
By setting it as such a steering angle range, it becomes possible to utilize a rudder for the braking of a ship.

  As described above, according to the present invention, there are advantages such as a large steering angle.

It is stern sectional drawing of a ship. It is a rear view of a steering device. It is a top view of a steering device. It is a perspective view of a steering device. It is a disassembled perspective view of a steering device.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 shows a stern part of a ship 1 provided with a steering device 10. A propeller 40 for obtaining a propulsive force is disposed in front of the rudder plate 18 in the stern part, and the water flow sent out by the rotation of the propeller 40 hits the rudder plate 18, thereby changing the rudder angle. The traveling direction of the ship 1 changes.

  The form of the rudder is not particularly limited. For example, the support mode of the rotating shaft (hereinafter referred to as the rudder shaft) 18A of the rudder plate 18 in the illustrated example is a suspended rudder, but may be a normal rudder. Moreover, although the aspect of the attachment position of 18 A of rudder shafts of the example of illustration is a balance rudder, even if it is a semi-balanced rudder, an unbalanced rudder may be met. A special rudder such as a ladder with a flap or a shilling ladder may also be found.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 to 5, the steering device 10 is fixedly installed on the ship bottom 1 </ b> A via a support plate 12. The support plate 12 and the ship bottom 1A are provided with shaft insertion holes 16 for passing the rudder shaft 18A while sealing the inside and the outside, and the rudder shaft 18A protruding upward from the rudder plate 18 disposed outside the ship. Is extended to the top of the support plate 12 through the shaft insertion hole 16. The direction of the rudder shaft is not limited to the vertical direction. For example, in a submarine or a submarine, it can be a horizontal direction or an oblique direction.

  On the support plate 12, a worm wheel 20 (helical gear) is attached to the upper end portion of the rudder shaft 18 </ b> A so as to rotate integrally, and between the worm wheel 20 and the mouth of the shaft insertion hole 16. A rudder shaft thrust bearing 18b is sandwiched between the rudder shaft thrust bearings 18b. A worm 21 (screw gear) is arranged along the front-rear direction so as to mesh with the worm wheel 20, and a small-diameter portion 21 s formed at both ends of the worm 21 is provided on the support plate 12. Is supported by A radial bearing 12b for rotatably supporting the worm 21 is built in the shaft support portion 12p.

  Further, a thrust bearing 22 is fitted in the small diameter portion 21s of the worm 21, so that the thrust of the worm 21 is supported on the shaft support portion 12p. In this case, it is preferable to sandwich the damping member 23 between the thrust support surface of the thrust bearing 22 and the worm 21 (in the illustrated example, the step surface 21f at the diameter changing portion of the worm 21) as shown in the figure. The damping member 23 is preferably an annular or cylindrical member through which the end of the worm 21 can be inserted. For example, a rubber ring (rubber annular member) or a coil spring can be used.

  A large-diameter spur gear 31 is concentrically attached to one end of the worm 21, and a small-diameter spur gear 32 that meshes with the large-diameter spur gear 31 is fixedly installed on the support plate 12. It is attached to the rotating shaft of the drive source 30 so as to rotate integrally. A servo motor is suitable as the rotational drive source 30, but it is not particularly limited as long as it can be rotationally driven in both forward and reverse directions. The motor can be used regardless of whether it is hydraulic or electric.

  During steering, the rudder angle of the rudder plate 18 can be changed via the worm 21 and the worm wheel 20 by controlling the direction and amount of rotation of the rotational drive source 30. By adopting the power transmission mechanism using the worm 21 and the worm wheel 20 in this way, the rotation range is not limited and a large steering angle can be obtained while being a very compact mechanism (particularly compact in the arrangement shown in the figure). It becomes possible to take. Therefore, for example, the rudder angle range of the rudder plate 18 is 90 degrees or more on each of the left and right sides and a total of 180 degrees or more, and the rudder angle is 90 degrees as shown in FIG. It becomes possible. In addition, since the present steering device 10 is a mechanism that directly transmits the driving force of the rotary drive source 30 to the rudder, the driving force for steering is sufficient.

  The range of the rudder angle (rotation angle of the rudder plate 18) can be determined as appropriate, and can be less than 90 degrees on each side and less than 180 degrees in total. It is preferable that the angle is within a range, and in particular, it is preferable that the range is more than 90 degrees on each of the left and right sides, and more than 180 degrees.

  In the illustrated embodiment, the vibration of the rudder can be prevented from being transmitted to the thrust bearing 22 by sandwiching the vibration damping member 23 between the thrust support surface of the thrust bearing 22 and the worm 21.

  On the other hand, in the illustrated embodiment, the worm 21 is driven by one worm 21. However, if the worm wheel is sandwiched between two parallel worms and driven by two worms, the worm wheel can be rotationally driven with good balance. preferable. In this case, the two worms may be driven by a separate rotational drive source in addition to being driven by a common rotational drive source (not shown).

  Although the embodiment according to the present invention has been described above, the present invention is not limited to this embodiment, and various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

  The present invention can be used not only for ships as in the above example, but also for submersibles and submarines.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Ship, 1A ... Ship bottom, 10 ... Steering device, 12 ... Support plate, 18 ... Rudder plate, 18A ... Rudder shaft, 18b ... Rudder shaft thrust bearing, 20 ... Worm wheel, 21 ... Worm, 22 ... Thrust bearing, 30 ... Rotation drive source, 21 s... Small diameter portion, 12 p... Shaft support portion, 23.

Claims (3)

A worm wheel that rotates integrally with the rotating shaft of the rudder plate;
The worm meshed with this worm wheel,
A rotational drive source capable of rotationally driving the worm in both forward and reverse directions,
By controlling the rotational direction and amount of rotation of the rotational drive source, the steering angle of the steering plate is adjusted via the worm and worm wheel.
A steering apparatus characterized by that.   The steering apparatus according to claim 1, comprising a thrust bearing attached to both ends of the worm, and a damping member sandwiched between a thrust support surface of the thrust bearing and the worm.   The steering apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the steering angle range is 90 degrees or more on each of the left and right sides.

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