JP2013091832A - Method for producing composite material, and composite material - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for producing a composite material which is formed of a plural kinds of metal materials that are different from each other, in which a uniform coating film can be produced in a stable manner; and to provide a composite material produced thereby.SOLUTION: The method includes a coating film formation step S3 for forming a coating film by accelerating composite particles together with a gas and spraying and depositing the composite particles on the surface of a base while maintaining at least the surfaces of the composite particles in a solid state, where each of the composite particles includes: a core material covering layer that is formed of a first metal or alloy; and a covering layer that is formed by coating the core material covering layer with a second metal or alloy that is less reactive than the first metal or alloy, and the covering layer serves as an outermost layer.

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for producing a composite material made of a plurality of types of metals and a composite material.

  Conventionally, a rolling method, a sintering method, a thermal spraying method, and the like are known as a method for producing a composite material composed of a plurality of types of metals (for example, see Patent Document 1). However, since these rolling methods, sintering methods, thermal spraying methods, and the like include a step in which different metal materials are mixed or arranged in contact with each other and become a high temperature (for example, a melting point or a softening point or higher), Depending on the combination, an intermetallic compound that may cause a decrease in the function of the composite material may be formed.

  In recent years, it has also been proposed to manufacture a composite material by a film forming method called a cold spray method (see, for example, Patent Document 2). Here, the cold spray method means that a metal or alloy powder is jetted from a nozzle together with an inert gas having a melting point or a softening point or less and collided with the substrate in a solid state, thereby causing the surface of the substrate to This is a method of forming a film on the surface. In the cold spray method, the powder collides with the lower layer (powder deposited on the substrate or the substrate so far), resulting in a metal bond and anchor effect, and a film with high adhesion and denseness to the lower layer. Is formed. In the cold spray method, the process is performed at a temperature lower than that of the thermal spraying method, so that a film in which oxidation of metal or the like is suppressed can be formed.

  Patent Document 2 discloses that a heat-resistant alloy film is formed by performing the above-described cold spray method using a composite powder obtained by combining a plurality of types of metals or alloys by granulation or coating. More specifically, in Patent Document 2, a composite powder is used in which a surface of a material (alloy powder) having poor adhesion in the cold spray method is coated with a material (pure metal) having good adhesion in the cold spray method. .

JP 2001-26856 A JP 2011-132565 A

By the way, in the cold spray method, it is important to appropriately set spray conditions such as the temperature and pressure (flow velocity) of the inert gas injected together with the powder.
In this regard, for example, when the composite powder is used, if the spray conditions (for example, less than the melting point of the pure metal) are set in accordance with the material (pure metal) of the composite powder, the composite powder injected from the spray is based. When colliding with the material, a sufficient reaction does not occur in the inner alloy powder, and there is a possibility that a film having insufficient adhesion and denseness with the lower layer may be formed. On the other hand, if the spray conditions are set according to the material (alloy powder) inside the composite powder, the surface material softens and the composite powder adheres, and the appropriate spray conditions change, or the composite powder becomes a nozzle. A situation may occur in which the nozzle adheres to the inside of the nozzle and causes the nozzle to become clogged, and spraying cannot be performed normally. In such a case, it is difficult to stably form a homogeneous film having adhesion and denseness with the lower layer.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above, and when producing a composite material composed of a plurality of different types of metals or alloys, a homogeneous composite material having sufficient adhesion and denseness to the lower layer is stably produced. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for manufacturing a composite material that can be manufactured in an automated manner, and a composite material manufactured by the manufacturing method.

  In order to solve the above-described problems and achieve the object, a method for producing a composite material according to the present invention includes at least a first layer formed of a first metal or an alloy, and the first layer. And a second layer formed by coating with a second metal or alloy having a lower reactivity than the first metal or alloy, and the composite powder whose outermost layer is the second layer is gas. And a film forming step of forming a film by spraying and depositing on the surface of the base material while maintaining at least the surface of the composite powder in a solid state.

  In the method for producing a composite material, the film forming step is characterized in that the composite powder is sprayed onto the surface of the base material in accordance with conditions set in accordance with characteristics of the second metal or alloy.

  In the method for manufacturing a composite material, the melting point of the first metal or alloy is lower than the melting point of the second metal or alloy.

  In the method for producing a composite material, the ionization tendency of the first metal or alloy is greater than the ionization tendency of the second metal or alloy.

  In the method for manufacturing a composite material, the hardness of the first metal or alloy is lower than the hardness of the second metal or alloy.

  In the method for manufacturing a composite material, the second layer is formed around the first layer by a plating method.

  In the method for producing a composite material, the film forming step includes a step of preparing a mixed powder obtained by mixing a powder formed of the second metal or alloy with the composite powder, It sprays on the surface of a base material, It is characterized by the above-mentioned.

  The composite material according to the present invention includes at least a first layer formed of a first metal or alloy, and a second metal having a reactivity lower than that of the first metal or alloy. Or a second layer formed by coating with an alloy and accelerating the composite powder, which is the outermost layer of the second layer, with the gas, and at least keep the surface of the composite powder in a solid state. It is characterized by being formed by spraying and depositing on the surface of the substrate as it is.

  The composite material according to the present invention is a composite material including a first metal or alloy and a second metal or alloy that is less reactive than the first metal or alloy, the second metal or the alloy The alloy has a network structure, and the first metal or alloy is filled inside the network structure.

  In the composite material, the melting point of the first metal or alloy is lower than the melting point of the second metal or alloy.

  In the composite material, the first metal or alloy is aluminum or an aluminum alloy, and the second metal or alloy is copper or a copper alloy.

  According to the present invention, the first layer formed of the first metal or alloy and the first layer are coated with the second metal or alloy that is less reactive than the first metal or alloy. The film is formed by the so-called cold spray method using the composite powder in which the second layer forms the outermost layer, and thus the adhesion and the denseness with the lower layer are sufficient. It is possible to stably produce a homogeneous composite material having the following.

FIG. 1 is a flowchart showing a method for manufacturing a composite material according to an embodiment of the present invention. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a composite powder used in the method for manufacturing a composite material according to Embodiment 1. FIG. FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing an outline of a cold spray apparatus used in the film forming step shown in FIG. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the structure of the composite material according to the first embodiment. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing the composite powder in the first modification of the first embodiment. FIG. 6 is a scanning electron micrograph of the composite powder used in the examples. FIG. 7 is a scanning electron micrograph of a cross section of the composite material according to the example. FIG. 8 is a scanning electron micrograph of a cross section in the vicinity of the interface between the composite material and the substrate according to the example.

  Hereinafter, embodiments for carrying out the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In addition, this invention is not limited by the following embodiment. The drawings referred to in the following description only schematically show the shape, size, and positional relationship so that the contents of the present invention can be understood. That is, the present invention is not limited only to the shape, size, and positional relationship illustrated in each drawing.

(Embodiment 1)
FIG. 1 is a flowchart showing a method for manufacturing a composite material according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
First, in step S1, a composite powder that is a raw material for the composite material is produced. As shown in FIG. 2, the composite powder 10 is a powder having a particle size of about 5 to 100 μm, for example, and includes an inner core material layer 11 and a coating layer 12 covering the periphery of the core material layer 11. The core material layer 11 and the covering layer 12 are formed of different types of metals or alloys. The composite powder 10 will be described in detail later.

  In the subsequent step S2, a base material on which the composite material is formed is produced. The material of the base material is not particularly limited as long as it is a material capable of forming a film by a cold spray method described later. Preferably, the base material is formed of a metal or an alloy. In this case, the base material may be the same as or different from the metal or alloy of the core material layer 11 or the covering layer 12. Further, the size and shape of the substrate are not particularly limited as long as it has a surface on which a film can be formed by the cold spray method.

  In the subsequent step S3, a film is formed on the substrate by a cold spray method using the composite powder 10. The cold spray method is a film forming method for forming a film by accelerating the raw material powder together with a gas and spraying and depositing on the surface of the base material in the solid state, for example, a cold spray shown in FIG. This is done by the device 40.

  FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing an outline of the cold spray device 40. As shown in FIG. 3, the cold spray device 40 includes a gas heater 41 that heats the compressed gas, a powder supply device 42 that contains the composite powder 10 and supplies it to the spray gun 43, the heated compressed gas, and The gas nozzle 44 which injects the composite powder 10 supplied there toward the base material 21, and valves 45 and 46 for adjusting the supply amount of compressed gas to the gas heater 41 and the powder supply device 42, respectively.

As the compressed gas, helium, nitrogen, air or the like is used. The compressed gas supplied to the gas heater 41 is, for example, 50 ° C. or higher, heated to a temperature in a range lower than the melting point of the coating layer 12, and then supplied to the spray gun 43. The heating temperature of the compressed gas is preferably 300 to 900 ° C.
On the other hand, the compressed gas supplied to the powder supply device 42 supplies the composite powder in the powder supply device 42 to the spray gun 43 so as to have a predetermined discharge amount.

  The heated compressed gas is made a supersonic flow (about 340 m / s or more) by the gas nozzle 44 having a divergent shape. The gas pressure of the compressed gas at this time is preferably about 1 to 5 MPa. This is because by adjusting the pressure of the compressed gas to this level, it is possible to improve the adhesion strength between the base material 21 and the coating film 22 formed thereon. These spray conditions (temperature and pressure of the compressed gas, the discharge amount of the composite powder 10 and the like) are determined according to the characteristics of the coating layer 12 that is the outermost layer in direct contact with the compressed gas.

  The composite powder 10 supplied to the spray gun 43 is injected into a supersonic flow of compressed gas and accelerated to collide with the base material 21 at a high speed while maintaining at least the surface of the composite powder 10 in a solid state. To form a film 22. At this time, the composite powder 10 is also heated from the surface by the heated compressed gas, but the time from when the composite powder 10 is injected into the spray gun 43 until it is sprayed toward the base material 21 is extremely short. Therefore, the possibility that an intermetallic compound is generated inside the composite powder 10 is extremely low.

  Note that the apparatus is limited to the cold spray apparatus 40 shown in FIG. 3 as long as the apparatus can form a film by causing the composite powder 10 to collide with the base material 21 while maintaining at least the surface of the composite powder 10 in a solid state. It is not something.

  FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the structure of a coating film (composite material) 22 formed on the base material 21 by the composite material manufacturing method according to the first embodiment. In the composite material manufacturing method described above, the core material layer 11 is deposited on the base material 21 in a state where the core material layer 11 is still covered with the coating layer 12. For this reason, in the coating 22, the metal or alloy 23 of the core material layer 11 is filled in the network structure 24 in which the metal or alloy of the coating layer 12 is connected in a mesh shape (lattice shape or a shape in which the lattice is flattened). It has a structure.

  Such a film 22 may be used in the state of the laminated body 20 laminated on the base material 21. Alternatively, the base material 21 may be removed from the coating 22 by polishing or cutting, and the portion of the coating 22 may be used alone as a composite material.

Next, the composite powder 10 shown in FIG. 2 will be described in detail.
The composite powder 10 is produced by coating the periphery of a powder formed of a metal or alloy with a metal or alloy of a different type from the powder. In addition, as a coating method, well-known various methods, such as a plating method and CVD method, can be used. At this time, in order to suppress the formation of an intermetallic compound by heating, it is preferable to use a coating method (for example, a plating method) in which the temperature of the metal or alloy does not increase as much as possible.

  The size of the composite powder 10 as a whole is not particularly limited as long as it is a size applicable to the above-described cold spray method (about 10 to 100 μm). Further, the diameter D of the core material layer 11 and the thickness d of the coating layer 12 are determined according to the composition to be realized in the coating 22. For example, if the diameter D of the core material layer 11 is 30 to 40 μm and the thickness d of the coating layer 12 is 0.7 μm, the ratio of the metal or alloy constituting the network structure 24 portion of the coating 22 is about 24 wt%. Can do. In this way, the metal composition ratio in the coating 22 can be controlled by adjusting the diameter D of the core material layer 11 and the thickness d of the coating layer 12.

  Examples of the material of the core material layer 11 and the covering layer 12 include copper, copper alloy, zinc, zinc alloy, aluminum, aluminum alloy, magnesium, magnesium alloy, nickel, nickel alloy, iron, iron alloy, titanium, titanium alloy, and chromium. Chrome alloy, niobium, niobium alloy, molybdenum, molybdenum alloy, silver, silver alloy, tin, tin alloy, tantalum, tantalum alloy, tungsten, or tungsten alloy is used.

  The combination of the types of metals or alloys constituting the core material layer 11 and the coating layer 12 is a combination in which the reactivity of the metal or alloy serving as the coating layer 12 is low compared to the metal or alloy serving as the core material layer 11. There is no particular limitation. Here, the reactivity of the metal or alloy is evaluated by the melting point, ionization tendency, hardness, and the like.

  For example, a metal or alloy that is easier to melt than the covering layer 12 may be disposed in the core material layer 11. That is, among the metals or alloys constituting the composite material, the metal or alloy having the lower melting point is the core material layer 11, and the metal or alloy having the higher melting point is the coating layer 12. Specifically, when producing a composite material composed of aluminum (melting point: about 660 ° C.) and copper (melting point: about 1083 ° C.), aluminum is used as the core material layer 11 and copper is used as the coating layer in the composite powder 10. 12 is sufficient.

  In this case, even if the spray conditions (inert gas temperature) are determined in accordance with the characteristics of the copper to be the coating layer 12, the powder shape is maintained until the composite powder 10 collides with the base material 21. Can do. Therefore, the composite powder 10 can be stably ejected from the gas nozzle 44 while sufficiently heating the composite powder 10 to a temperature at which copper can be attached to the lower layer. This makes it possible to stably produce a homogeneous composite material that has sufficient adhesion and denseness with the lower layer.

  In addition, a metal or an alloy that is easier to oxidize than the covering layer 12 may be disposed in the core material layer 11. That is, of the metals constituting the composite material, the metal having the higher ionization tendency is the core material layer 11, and the metal having the smaller ionization tendency is the coating layer 12. Specifically, when producing a composite material containing aluminum and copper as components, aluminum is used as the core material layer 11 and copper is used as the coating layer 12 in the composite powder 10.

  Here, when powder from which aluminum is exposed on the surface is sprayed from the gas nozzle 44, such as powder of aluminum alone or powder in which aluminum and other kinds of metals are combined by a mechanical alloy method or an atomizing method, the surface aluminum There is also a possibility that a dust explosion may occur due to violent oxidation. Therefore, by coating aluminum with copper, for example, so that the aluminum is not exposed on the surface, a composite material containing aluminum as a component can be safely produced by a cold spray method.

  Further, a metal or an alloy having a lower hardness than the covering layer 12 may be disposed on the core material layer 11. That is, of the metals constituting the composite material, the metal having the lower hardness is the core material layer 11, and the metal having the higher hardness is the coating layer 12. Specifically, when manufacturing a composite material containing copper and molybdenum as components, copper is used as the core material layer 11 and molybdenum is used as the coating layer 12 in the composite powder 10. In this case, by determining the spray conditions (for example, gas pressure) in accordance with the characteristics of the molybdenum that will be the coating layer 12, while giving the composite powder 10 sufficient kinetic energy that allows the molybdenum to adhere to the lower layer. The powder shape can be maintained until it collides with the base material 21. As a result, the composite powder 10 can be stably ejected from the gas nozzle 44 under appropriate spray conditions.

  As described above, according to the first embodiment, the composite powder in which the periphery of the core material layer 11 formed of a metal or alloy is coated with a metal or alloy that is less reactive than the core material layer 11 is used. The cold spray method allows normal spraying while sufficiently raising the temperature of the outer metal or alloy with low reactivity, and stable homogeneous composite materials with sufficient adhesion and denseness to the lower layer. Can be manufactured.

  At this time, since the metal or alloy on the core material layer 11 side having high reactivity can be sprayed at a high temperature, which is difficult by a general cold spray method, the adhesion and the denseness can be further improved. . That is, if it is a normal powder consisting only of the metal or alloy of the core material layer 11, it is close to the melting point of the metal or alloy, so that the molten or softened metal or alloy adheres to the nozzle and cannot be sprayed. By using a composite powder, it is possible to spray in a temperature range exceeding the appropriate spray temperature range for the metal or alloy of the core layer 11. Therefore, the core material layer 11 can be sufficiently softened and a dense film can be formed.

  Further, the manufacturing method according to the first embodiment is different from conventional manufacturing methods such as a rolling method, a sintering method, and a spraying method, or a manufacturing method in which heat treatment is performed after a film by a cold spray method, and two types adjacent to each other. Since the step of heating the metal or alloy to a high temperature (for example, higher than the melting point) is not included, the formation of intermetallic compounds can be suppressed. For this reason, it is possible to suppress deterioration in the function of the composite material such as a decrease in thermal conductivity and a decrease in mechanical strength. Therefore, it is possible to widen the combination of two kinds of metals or alloys.

  The composite material manufactured by Embodiment 1 demonstrated above combines the characteristic of the metal of the core material layer 11 and the coating layer 12, or an alloy. For example, a composite material in which the core material layer 11 is made of aluminum and the covering layer 12 is made of copper has lightness of aluminum, electrical characteristics (electric conductivity) and thermal characteristics (thermal conductivity) of copper, and heat close to copper. It has an expansion rate. Moreover, since this composite material has few intermetallic compounds, the original softness of the metal is maintained. Therefore, such a composite material can be applied to, for example, a heat radiating fin (a heat radiating member such as a substrate) in which aluminum is conventionally used. In this case, the thermal conductivity can be improved while utilizing the lightness of aluminum. In addition, the resistance value can be reduced by applying the composite material to the conductive portion where aluminum is conventionally used.

(Modification 1)
Next, Modification 1 of Embodiment 1 will be described.
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of the composite powder 30 in the first modification. A composite powder 30 shown in FIG. 5 includes a core material layer 31 and a first coating layer 32 and a second coating layer 33 formed around the core material layer 31. In the film forming step S3 by the cold spray method, a composite powder having such a three-layer structure may be used. The first coating layer 32 and the second coating layer 33 are formed by sequentially coating the core material layer 31 by a plating method or the like. Moreover, the spray conditions in the cold spray method are set according to the characteristics of the second coating layer 33 which is the outermost layer.

  As a specific configuration, for example, the core layer 31 is made of aluminum, a nickel layer is formed as the first coating layer 32 around the core layer 31, and a copper layer is formed as the second coating layer 33. In this case, the formation of an intermetallic compound between aluminum and copper can be more reliably prevented by interposing nickel therebetween.

  Further, two kinds of metals or alloys may be alternately arranged on the core material layer 31, the first coating layer 32, and the second coating layer 33. For example, copper is disposed in the core material layer 31 and the second covering layer 33, and aluminum is disposed in the first covering layer 32. Thereby, it becomes easy to adjust the composition ratio in the Al—Cu composite material.

  Note that the number of coating layers formed around the core material layer 31 may be three or more. In this case, it becomes easier to achieve a desired composition ratio in the composite material, and a plurality of types of metals or alloys can be more uniformly dispersed in the composite material.

(Embodiment 2)
Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described.
In the second embodiment, in the above-described film forming step S3, the composite powder 10 shown in FIG. 2 (or the composite powder 30 shown in FIG. 5) is made of the same kind of metal or alloy as the outermost coating layer 12. A mixed powder obtained by mixing powder is used.

  Here, as described above, the composition of the composite material can be controlled by adjusting the diameter D of the core material layer 11 and the thickness d of the coating layer 12. However, there is a limit to increasing the thickness d of the coating layer 12. In addition, fine adjustment of the thickness d may be difficult. Therefore, when it is desired to greatly increase the mixing ratio of the metal or alloy of the covering layer 12 or when it is desired to finely adjust the mixing ratio of the metal or alloy between the core material layer 11 and the covering layer 12, the same kind as the covering layer 12 is used. It is preferable to prepare a mixed powder in which a powder made of the above metal or alloy is mixed with the composite powder 10. For example, for the composite powder in which the periphery of aluminum is coated with copper, the same copper powder as that of the outermost layer is mixed.

  Here, when the cold spray method is performed using a mixed powder obtained by simply mixing a plurality of types of metals or alloys, the spray conditions (for example, the gas temperature) are those having higher reactivity (for example, those having a lower melting point). )) Or metal or alloy. For this reason, spray conditions are insufficient (for example, the gas temperature is too low) for a metal or alloy having a lower reactivity (for example, a higher melting point), and it becomes difficult to form a dense film. . In addition, even when multiple types of metals or alloys are mixed by a ball mill or the like, since the metal or alloy with higher reactivity is exposed on the surface of the powder, the spray condition is still the metal with higher reactivity. Or limited to alloys.

  However, in the second embodiment, since a composite powder obtained by coating a metal or alloy having higher reactivity (core material layer 11) with a metal or alloy having lower reactivity (coating layer 12) is used, spraying is performed. The cold spray method can be performed in accordance with the metal or alloy having the lower reactivity. In addition, by mixing a powder of the same type of metal or alloy as that of the coating layer 12 into the composite powder, the blending ratio of the metal or alloy can be easily adjusted while keeping the spray conditions in accordance with the coating layer 12. it can. Therefore, according to the second embodiment, it is possible to stably produce a homogeneous composite material that includes a plurality of different types of metals or alloys in a desired ratio and has sufficient adhesion and denseness with the lower layer. It becomes.

(Modification 2)
Next, a second modification of the second embodiment will be described.
In the second embodiment, a mixed powder obtained by mixing a general powder made of metal or an alloy and a composite powder is used. However, a cold spray using a mixed powder obtained by mixing a plurality of different composite powders is used. You may do the law. At this time, if the type of metal or alloy forming the outermost coating layer is the same among the multiple types of composite powder, the types of metal or alloy forming the core material layer or intermediate layer thereof are different from each other. May be. For example, by performing a cold spray method with a mixed powder in which a composite powder in which an aluminum core layer is coated with copper and a composite powder in which a nickel core layer is coated with copper is performed, aluminum, nickel, and copper are used. A composite material can be produced. When such a mixed powder is used, spray conditions for the common metal or alloy forming the outermost layer can be applied regardless of the type of the metal or alloy inside.

Using a composite powder having a two-layer structure of a core material layer and a coating layer, an experiment was conducted in which a film was produced by a cold spray method.
The composite powder was prepared by applying copper plating to an aluminum powder having an average particle size of about 30 μm. FIG. 6 is a scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph taken of a composite powder composed of aluminum powder and copper plating. The copper plating thickness was about 0.74 μm on average.

  Using such a composite powder, spray conditions were set on a pure aluminum (A1050) substrate by cold spraying with an inert gas (nitrogen) temperature of about 500 ° C. and a gas pressure of 5 MPa. A film was formed.

  FIG. 7 is an SEM photograph in which a cross section of the film thus formed is photographed. FIG. 8 is an SEM photograph of a cross section in the vicinity of the interface between the base material and the film formed thereon. As shown in FIG. 7, a structure in which aluminum (Al) was filled in the copper network structure (Cu network structure) was observed in the film. Further, in the vicinity of the interface between the film and the base material, the copper network structure (Cu network structure) and the aluminum (Al) filled therein are bitten into the base material by the anchor effect and are in close contact with the base material. The situation was observed.

10, 30 Composite powder 11, 31 Core material layer 12 Coating layer 20 Laminate 21 Base material 22 Film (composite material)
23 Metal or alloy of core material layer 24 Network structure 32 First coating layer 33 Second coating layer 40 Cold spray device 41 Gas heater 42 Powder supply device 43 Spray gun 44 Gas nozzle 45, 46 Valve

Claims (11)

  At least a first layer formed of a first metal or alloy and a first layer formed by coating the first layer with a second metal or alloy that is less reactive than the first metal or alloy. The composite powder, the second layer being the outermost layer, is accelerated together with the gas, and at least the surface of the composite powder is sprayed onto the surface of the substrate while maintaining the solid phase state. A method for producing a composite material, comprising a film forming step of forming a film by depositing the film.   The said film formation process sprays the said composite powder on the surface of the said base material according to the conditions set according to the characteristic of the said 2nd metal or alloy, The composite material of Claim 1 characterized by the above-mentioned. Production method.   The method for producing a composite material according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the melting point of the first metal or alloy is lower than the melting point of the second metal or alloy.   3. The method for producing a composite material according to claim 1, wherein an ionization tendency of the first metal or alloy is larger than an ionization tendency of the second metal or alloy.   The method for producing a composite material according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the hardness of the first metal or alloy is lower than the hardness of the second metal or alloy.   The method for producing a composite material according to claim 1, wherein the second layer is formed around the first layer by a plating method.   The film forming step includes a step of preparing a mixed powder obtained by mixing a powder formed of the second metal or alloy with the composite powder, and spraying the mixed powder onto the surface of the substrate. The manufacturing method of the composite material of any one of Claims 1-6 characterized by the above-mentioned.   At least a first layer formed of a first metal or alloy and a first layer formed by coating the first layer with a second metal or alloy that is less reactive than the first metal or alloy. The composite powder, the second layer being the outermost layer, is accelerated together with the gas, and at least the surface of the composite powder is sprayed onto the surface of the substrate while maintaining the solid phase state. A composite material characterized by being deposited by deposition. A composite material comprising a first metal or alloy and a second metal or alloy that is less reactive than the first metal or alloy,
The second metal or alloy has a network structure;
The composite material according to claim 1, wherein the first metal or alloy is filled inside the network structure.   The composite material according to claim 8 or 9, wherein the melting point of the first metal or alloy is lower than the melting point of the second metal or alloy.   The composite material according to claim 10, wherein the first metal or alloy is aluminum or an aluminum alloy, and the second metal or alloy is copper or a copper alloy.