JP2013091011A - Static fluid mixing apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To reduce the power consumption of a pressure pump and furthermore to make an apparatus itself compact (reduce the number of units) by reducing a pressure loss in a collecting-mixing passage while holding the fluid collecting-mixing function of the collecting-mixing passage.SOLUTION: The collecting-mixing passage is formed by arranging a large number of recesses of the same shape and size on the facing surfaces of first and second collecting elements, on the same circumference centering on a fluid outflow port, reducing the opening areas of the recesses gradually in a radial direction toward the center side from the peripheral edge side, and arranging a plurality of recesses formed such that the minimum opening areas of the recesses on the center side are not smaller than the opening areas of the recesses of diffusion elements. The opening faces of the recesses of both collecting elements are brought into abutting face contact and arranged to be circumferentially dislocated so as to be in mutual communication.

Description

  The present invention relates to a static fluid mixing apparatus that mixes fluids, and more specifically, to a static fluid mixing apparatus that mixes liquids and liquids, liquids and gases, powders and liquids in an ultrafine and uniform manner. .

  There exists what was disclosed by patent document 1 as one form of a static fluid mixing apparatus. That is, in Patent Document 1, a disk-shaped second diffusion element is disposed opposite to a disk-shaped first diffusion element in which a fluid inlet is formed at the center, and between the two diffusion elements. A diffusion / mixing unit that forms a diffusion / mixing channel that diffuses and mixes the fluid flowing in from the inlet on the center side in the radial direction toward the peripheral side, and a fluid outlet in the center The disc-shaped second collective element is arranged opposite to the disc-shaped first collective element, and the fluid flowing from the peripheral side between the two collective elements is radially directed toward the central portion side. A static fluid mixing apparatus comprising an assembly / mixing unit that forms an assembly / mixing channel that flows and collects and mixes, and that connects a terminal end of the diffusion / mixing channel and a start end of the assembly / mixing channel. It is disclosed.

  Then, hexagonal recesses having the same appropriate depth and size are formed on the opposing surfaces of the first and second diffusion elements and the opposing surfaces of the first and second assembly elements in the honeycomb structure, and each of the opposing surfaces The elements are arranged at different positions so as to communicate with each other, and in the diffusion / mixing channel and the collecting / mixing channel, the fluid flows in the radial direction while repeating the merging and splitting (dispersing) while meandering. ing.

JP-A-9-52034

  However, the static fluid mixing device disclosed in Patent Document 1 is a diffusion / mixing flow path that diffuses and mixes the fluid flowing in from the inflow port on the center side in the radial direction toward the peripheral side, Compared to diffusion / mixing channels with high mixing / dispersion function because the flow channel structure that gathers and mixes the fluid flowing in from the peripheral side in the radial direction toward the center is formed in the same way. However, the collecting / mixing channel had a pressure loss comparable to that of the diffusion / mixing channel, although the number of dispersions was much smaller. Therefore, the pressure loss of the diffusion / mixing side element and the collective / mixing side element as a whole is reduced as much as possible to reduce the power consumption of the pressurizing pump that pressurizes and supplies the fluid to the static fluid mixing device. Miniaturization (reducing the number of units) has been desired.

  Therefore, the present invention reduces the pressure loss in the collecting / mixing flow path while maintaining the fluid collecting / mixing function of the collecting / mixing flow path, thereby reducing the power consumption of the pressurizing pump, and the device itself. An object of the present invention is to provide a static fluid mixing apparatus that can be downsized (reduced number of units).

  In the static fluid mixing apparatus according to the first aspect of the present invention, the disk-shaped second diffusion element is disposed opposite to the disk-shaped first diffusion element having a fluid inlet formed at the center. A diffusion / mixing flow path is formed between the diffusion elements to diffuse and mix the fluid flowing in from the inlet on the central portion side in the radial direction toward the peripheral portion, thereby forming a first disk-shaped assembly A disc-shaped second collective element having a fluid outlet at the center is arranged opposite to the element, and the fluid flowing from the peripheral side between the two collective elements has a radius toward the central part. A static fluid mixing apparatus comprising a mixing unit that forms a collecting / mixing flow channel that flows and flows in a direction and connects a terminal end of a diffusion / mixing flow channel and a starting end of the collecting / mixing flow channel The diffusion / mixing flow path is the first and second A large number of recesses of the same shape and size are arranged on the opposing surface of the diffuser element, the opening surfaces of the recesses of each diffusion element are brought into contact with each other in abutting manner, and the positions are changed so as to communicate with each other The assembly / mixing flow path is formed by arranging a large number of recesses of the same shape and the same size on the same circumference around the fluid outlet on the opposing surfaces of the first and second assembly elements. In the radial direction, the opening area of the concave portion is gradually reduced from the peripheral edge side toward the central portion side, and the minimum opening area of the concave portion on the central portion side is equal to or larger than the opening area of the concave portion of the diffusion element. The plurality of recesses are formed in an array, and the opening surfaces of the recesses of both assembly elements are brought into contact with each other in abutting manner, and are arranged so as to be displaced in the circumferential direction so as to communicate with each other.

  In such a static fluid mixing device, fluid smoothly flowing from a recess having a larger opening area on the peripheral edge side flows into the recess having a gradually reduced opening area, and repeats diversion (dispersion) and merging. Gather on the department side. Therefore, the fluid can be refined and uniformed by a substantially uniform shearing force acting on the fluid, and pressure loss in the collecting / mixing flow path can be reduced.

  A static fluid mixing apparatus according to a second aspect of the present invention is the static fluid mixing apparatus according to the first aspect, wherein the recesses of the respective diffusion elements disposed on the same circumference centering on the fluid inlet are provided. The number is gradually increased from the central side toward the peripheral side, while the number of concave portions of each collective element arranged on the same circumference around the fluid outlet is the same in each row in the radial direction. It is characterized by what has been done.

  In such a static fluid mixing device, the number of concave portions of each diffusion element is gradually increased from the central portion side toward the peripheral portion side, so that the number of concave portions where the fluid merges increases toward the peripheral portion side, It is diverted in proportion to that. Therefore, in the diffusion / mixing flow path, the number of times that the shearing force acts on the fluid to be refined gradually increases along the fluid flow direction.

  Since the number of concave portions of each collective element is the same in each row in the radial direction, the number of concave portions into which the fluid merges is the same in each row, and in each row accompanying the flow from the peripheral portion to the central portion. The fluid is divided (dispersed) and mixed reliably without waste. For this reason, in the collecting / mixing flow path, the number of times the fluid is refined by applying a substantially uniform shearing force is kept constant in the fluid flow direction, but the pressure loss can be reduced.

  An emulsion fuel generating apparatus according to a third aspect of the invention is a static fluid according to the first or second aspect, wherein a fluid obtained by adding a small amount of air to a mixed liquid of fuel oil as a continuous phase and water as a dispersed phase. It is characterized by producing an emulsion fuel mixed with fine bubbles by mixing with a mixing device.

  In such an emulsion fuel generation device, fuel oil as a continuous phase, water as a disperse phase, and a small amount of air are refined and mixed by a static fluid mixing device, thereby mixing fine bubbles with reduced buoyancy. An emulsion fuel can be produced. At this time, since the fine bubbles with reduced buoyancy are hydrophobic, they do not adhere to the surface of the water droplets and are dispersed in the fuel oil, increasing the area of the gas-liquid interface (combustion surface area). The surface activity (function like a surfactant) is exhibited by electrostatic polarization, and coalescence of the fine water droplets can be prevented and the water droplets can be stabilized in the emulsion fuel. As a result, with such an emulsion fuel, the dispersion of the water droplet diameter is made uniform, and when such an emulsion fuel is burned in, for example, a combustion device, good combustion efficiency can be ensured and soot and black smoke are generated. Can be resolved.

  In the present invention, a pressure pump that pressurizes and supplies a fluid to a static fluid mixing device while reducing the pressure loss in the collecting / mixing flow channel while maintaining the fluid collecting / mixing function of the collecting / mixing flow channel It is possible to reduce the power consumption of the apparatus and further downsize the apparatus itself (reducing the number of units).

Front sectional explanatory drawing of the static type fluid mixing apparatus which concerns on this invention. The front cross-section exploded explanatory drawing of the mixing unit which the static type fluid mixing apparatus which concerns on this invention comprises. Exploded perspective view of a mixing unit provided in a static fluid mixing apparatus according to the present invention. Side surface explanatory drawing of a 1st, 2nd diffusion element. Side surface explanatory drawing of a 1st and 2nd assembly element. The conceptual explanatory drawing of an emulsion fuel production | generation apparatus.

Hereinafter, embodiments of a static fluid mixing apparatus according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
[Static fluid mixing device]
1 is a static fluid mixing apparatus 10 according to the present invention. The static fluid mixing apparatus 10 includes a casing body 11 formed in a cylindrical shape extending in one direction (left and right direction in the present embodiment), and a casing. A plurality of sets (five sets in this embodiment) of mixing units 12 accommodated coaxially in the body 11 and an introduction port 15 for introducing the fluid R to be processed into the mixing unit 12 are provided in the central portion. The left end wall 13 detachably connected to the left end surface of the casing body 11 and the outlet 16 for deriving the fluid R processed by the mixing unit 12 in the center portion are attached to and detached from the right end surface of the casing body 11. It is comprised from the right end part wall body 14 connected freely. Connection flanges 17 and 18 are formed on the left and right sides of the outer peripheral surface of the casing body 11, and the peripheral edges of the left and right end wall bodies 13 and 14 are overlapped in the axial direction of the casing body 11 on the connection flanges 17 and 18. Are connected by connecting bolts 19 and 19.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the static fluid mixing apparatus 10 accommodates five sets of mixing units 12 in a casing body 11 arranged coaxially and in series, and between the opposing surfaces of each mixing unit 12. An O-ring 26 is interposed. At this time, the inner peripheral surface of the casing body 11 and the outer peripheral surface of each mixing unit 12 are in close contact with no gap. In this way, in the mixing unit 12 disposed in the casing body 11, the fluid R (indicated by an arrow in FIG. 1) is from the left inlet 15 on the upstream side to the right outlet on the downstream side. 16 to meander and flow.

  The mixing unit 12 includes a diffusion / mixing flow path 27 for diffusing / mixing the fluid R, and a collecting / mixing flow path 28 for collecting / mixing the fluid R. The start end of the mixing channel 28 is connected and connected. That is, in the diffusion / mixing flow path 27, as shown in FIG. 2, the disk-shaped second diffusion element 40 is added to the disk-shaped first diffusion element 30 in which the inlet 32 of the fluid R is formed at the center. It is arranged so as to be opposed to each other, and is formed so that the fluid R flowing in from the inlet 32 on the central portion side flows between the diffusing elements 30 and 40 in the radial direction toward the peripheral portion to diffuse and mix. Yes. The inflow port 32 formed at the center of the first diffusion element 30 disposed on the leftmost side is in communication with the introduction port 15 formed at the center of the left end wall 13. The diffusion / mixing flow path 27 is formed by arranging a large number of recesses 35, 41 of the same shape and size on the opposing surfaces of the first and second diffusion elements 30, 40, respectively. The opening surfaces of the recesses 35 and 41 are brought into contact with each other in abutting manner, and are arranged at different positions so as to communicate with each other. The number of the concave portions 35 and 41 of each diffusion element 30 and 40 arranged on the same circumference centering on the inlet of the fluid R is gradually increased from the central side toward the peripheral side to indicate the flow direction. The number of shunts (dispersion number) is increased in the radial direction.

  In addition, as shown in FIG. 2, the collecting / mixing channel 28 is opposed to the disk-shaped first collecting element 50 and the disk-shaped second collecting element 60 in which the outlet of the fluid R is formed at the center. The fluid R that has flowed in from the peripheral edge side flows between the two collecting elements 50, 60 in the radial direction toward the central portion to be collected and mixed. The outflow port 62 formed at the center of the second collecting element 60 disposed on the rightmost side is in communication with the outlet 16 formed at the center of the right end wall 14. The collecting / mixing flow path 28 has a plurality of concave portions 51 having the same shape and the same size on the same circumference around the outlet 62 of the fluid R on the opposing surfaces of the first and second collecting elements 50, 60, respectively. 65, and the opening areas of the recesses 51, 65 are gradually reduced from the peripheral side toward the center side in the radial direction, and the minimum of the recesses 51, 65 on the center side is formed. A plurality of recesses 51 and 65 having an opening area equal to or larger than the opening areas of the recesses 35 and 41 of the diffusion elements 30 and 40 are arranged, and the opening surfaces of the recesses 51 and 65 of both assembly elements 50 and 60 are abutted. Are arranged so as to be in surface contact with each other and shifted in the circumferential direction so as to communicate with each other. The number of the concave portions 51 and 65 of the collective elements 50 and 60 arranged on the same circumference centering on the fluid outlet 62 is the same in each radial row (12 in this embodiment). .

  Moreover, in the first and second collective elements 50 and 60, the first row of the recesses 51 and 65 arranged in a ring shape on the center side, and the recesses 51 and 65 arranged in a ring shape on the circumferential side from the first row The same number of recesses 51 and 65 are arranged and formed in each of three rows including the second row and the third row of recesses 51 and 65 arranged in a ring shape further on the circumference side. The widths in the radial direction of the recesses 51 and 65 in each row are formed to be substantially the same width or the same width, and the circumferential width of the recesses 51 and 65 in each row is set to the recesses 51 and 65 in the first row. The circumferential width of the second row of recesses 51, 65 is 1.5, and the circumferential width of the third row of recesses 51, 65 is set to a ratio of 2. doing.

  With this configuration, in the mixing unit 12, the number of the concave portions 35 and 41 of the first and second diffusion elements 30 and 40 is gradually increased from the central portion side toward the peripheral portion side. The number of the concave portions 35 and 41 where the water flows merges increases toward the peripheral edge side, and is distributed (distributed) in proportion to that. For this reason, in the diffusion / mixing flow path 27, the number of times that the shearing force acts on the fluid R to be refined gradually increases along the flow direction of the fluid R (radial direction toward the peripheral edge side).

  Further, in the first and second collective elements 50 and 60, the fluid R smoothly flowing from the third row of recesses 51 and 65 having a larger opening area on the peripheral edge side has a gradually reduced opening area. The two rows of recesses 51, 65 and the first row of recesses 51, 65 sequentially flow into the central portion while repeating diversion (dispersion) and merging. Therefore, the fluid R can be made finer and uniform by the substantially uniform shearing force acting on the fluid R, and the pressure loss in the collecting / mixing flow path 28 can be reduced. In addition, since the number of the concave portions 51 and 65 of each of the collecting elements 50 and 60 is the same in each row in the radial direction, the number of the concave portions 51 and 65 into which the fluid R merges is the same in each row. The division (dispersion) of the fluid R in each row accompanying the flow from the center to the center is reliably performed without waste. For this reason, in the collecting / mixing flow path 28, the number of times that the shearing force is applied to the fluid R almost uniformly and refined is kept constant in the flow direction of the fluid R, but the pressure loss can be reduced. .

  Below, the structure of each mixing unit 12 is demonstrated more concretely. That is, each of the mixing units 12 has the same structure, and as shown in FIG. 3, two plate-like (substantially disc-shaped) members arranged opposite to each other, more specifically, a disc-shaped member. First and second diffusion elements 30 and 40, two plate-shaped (substantially disk-shaped) members disposed opposite to each other, more specifically, disk-shaped first and second assembly elements 50 and 60, It has.

  Of the two first and second diffusing elements 30 and 40 forming the upstream half of each mixing unit 12, the first diffusing element 30 disposed on the inlet 15 side (upstream side) is disc-shaped. An inflow port 32 of the fluid R is formed in the center of the element main body 31 in a penetrating state. A thick peripheral wall 33 is formed on the outer peripheral edge of the element main body 31 so as to protrude downstream on the entire circumference. The element main body 31 and the peripheral wall 33 form a circular shape toward the downstream. A recess 34 having an opening is formed, and a disk-like space is formed in the recess 34.

  As shown in FIG. 4, a plurality of concave portions 35 having a regular hexagonal opening shape are formed on the downstream side surface of the element body 31 with no gap. A large number of recesses 35 are formed in a so-called honeycomb shape. Reference numeral “36” denotes a screw insertion hole used when the second diffusion element 40 is fixed to the first diffusion element 30 by screwing.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, the second diffusion element 40 disposed on the outlet 16 side (downstream side) of the two diffusion elements 30 and 40 has a smaller diameter than the first diffusion element 30. . The diameter of the second diffusing element 40 is smaller than the diameter of the recessed portion 34 of the first diffusing element 30, and the second diffusing element 40 is inserted into the recessed portion 34 in a face-to-face state.

  Further, the element of the first diffusion element 30 is disposed on the surface of the second diffusion element 40 facing the first diffusion element 30, that is, on the upstream side surface facing the introduction port 15 (the surface facing the first diffusion element 30). Similar to the main body 31, a plurality of concave portions 41 having a regular hexagonal opening shape are formed with no gaps. Reference numeral “46” denotes a screw insertion hole used when the second mixing element 40 is fixed to the first diffusion element 30 by screwing.

  Both diffusion elements 30 and 40 are assembled in an arrangement as shown in FIGS. More specifically, the second diffusion element 40 is arranged in a facing state in the recess 34 of the first diffusion element 30. At this time, the opening surfaces of the honeycomb-shaped recesses 35 on the downstream side surface of the first diffusion element 30 and the opening surfaces of the honeycomb-shaped recesses 41 on the upstream side surface of the second diffusion element 40 are in contact with each other. In this manner, the orientation of the second diffusion element 40 is determined (see FIG. 3). In this state, the positions of the insertion holes 36 of the first diffusing element 30 and the insertion holes 46 of the second diffusing element 40 are aligned and fixed by screws 72 and assembled.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the diameter of the second diffusion element 40 is formed smaller than the diameter of the recess 34 of the first diffusion element 30. However, the difference in diameter is slight.

  Therefore, when both diffusion elements 30 and 40 are assembled, the outer peripheral end surface of the second diffusion element 40 is disposed between the inner peripheral surface 38 of the peripheral wall portion 33 of the first diffusion element 30 and the outer peripheral end surface 43 of the second diffusion element 40. A ring-shaped gap is formed as an annular outflow passage 73 along the entire circumference, and a terminal opening located on the downstream side of the annular outflow passage 73 is an end portion of the diffusion / mixing flow path 27, toward the downstream side. It is opened in a ring shape.

  Then, the fluid R supplied to the inlet 32 of the first diffusion element 30 passes through the diffusion / mixing flow path 27 (see FIG. 1), and is then discharged from the end portion of the diffusion / mixing flow path 27. The outflow width t1 of the annular outflow passage 73 is formed at a substantially constant interval (substantially uniform width) over the entire circumference, and is formed, for example, with a width around 1/20 of the radius of the second diffusion element 40 (see FIG. 4).

  Thus, if the terminal opening of the annular outflow passage 73 over the entire circumference is formed with a substantially uniform width on the outer periphery of the second diffusion element 40, the fluid R can flow out substantially uniformly over the entire circumference. Variations in the pressure of the fluid R flowing out from the end opening are less likely to occur, and problems such as deviation in the outflow amount of the fluid R depending on the position of the outer peripheral portion of the mixing unit 12 are prevented. If the deviation of the outflow amount is prevented, the flow path resistance is lowered, and a place where the pressure of the fluid R is locally increased is prevented.

  In the present embodiment, the size of the annular outflow passage 73, that is, the outflow width t1 of the gap is substantially uniform over the entire circumference. As a result, the flow path resistance can be more reliably reduced, and the generation of a local high pressure region, particularly the generation of a local high pressure region in the vicinity of the annular outflow path 73 can be prevented.

  Here, a description will be given of the interrelationship between a large number of honeycomb-shaped concave portions 35 and 41 formed on the contact side surface of each diffusion element 30 and 40.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the recesses 35 and 41 of both diffusion elements 30 and 40 are formed to have the same shape and size, and these contact surfaces are located at the center position of the recess 35 of the first diffusion element 30. The diffusing element 40 is in contact with the corner portion 49 of the concave portion 41 in a position.

  When abutting in such a state, the fluid R can flow between the recess 35 of the first diffusion element 30 and the recess 41 of the second diffusion element 40. The corner portion 49 is a position where the corner portions of the three concave portions 41 are gathered.

  Therefore, for example, when the case where the fluid R flows from the concave portion 35 side of the first diffusion element 30 to the concave portion 41 side of the second diffusion element 40 is considered, the fluid R is divided (distributed) into two flow paths. Become.

  That is, the corner portion 49 of the second diffusion element 40 positioned at the center position of the concave portion 35 of the first diffusion element 30 functions as a diversion portion that diverts the fluid R. On the contrary, when the case where the fluid R flows from the second diffusion element 40 side to the first diffusion element 30 side is considered, the fluid R flowing from the two directions flows into one concave portion 35 to be joined. In this case, the corner portion 49 located at the center position of the second diffusion element 40 functions as a merging portion.

  The corner 39 of the recess 35 of the first diffusion element 30 is also located at the center position of the recess 41 of the second diffusion element 40. In this case, the corner portion 39 of the first diffusion element 30 functions as the above-described diversion portion or merging portion.

  As described above, the fluid R supplied in the axial direction of the diffusion elements 30 and 40 (casing body 11) from the central inflow port 32 between the diffusion elements 30 and 40 facing each other in a facing state. However, a diffusion / mixing flow path 27 (see FIG. 1) that flows in a meandering state in the radiation direction (radial direction perpendicular to the axial direction) of the two diffusion elements 30 and 40 while repeating diversion and merging (dispersion and mixing). Is formed.

  In the process in which the fluid R flows through the diffusion / mixing flow path 27, the fluid R is mixed. The fluid R that has passed through the diffusion / mixing flow path 27 is then downstream of the mixing unit 12 from the terminal opening of the annular outflow path 73 that opens in a ring shape toward the downstream side of the outer peripheral portion on the back side of the mixing unit 12. It flows into the side half.

  Of the two first and second collective elements 50 and 60 forming the downstream half of each mixing unit 12, the second collective element 60 arranged on the outlet 16 side (downstream side) is disc-shaped. An outflow port 62 for the fluid R is formed in a penetrating state at the center of the element body 61. A thick peripheral wall portion 63 is formed on the outer peripheral edge of the element main body 61 so as to protrude to the upstream side over the entire circumference, and the element main body 61 and the peripheral wall portion 63 are circular toward the upstream side. A recess 64 having an opening is formed, and a disk-like space is formed in the recess 64.

  As shown in FIG. 5, on the downstream side surface of the element main body 61, the opening shape is a deformed hexagon, that is, the opposing sides arranged on the circumferential direction side are formed to be extremely shorter than the other four sides and are substantially rectangular. A large number of concave portions 65 formed in a (substantially rhombus shape) are formed with no gaps. Reference numeral “66” is a screw hole for a screw used when the second assembly element 60 is fixed to the first diffusion element 30 by screwing.

  As shown in FIGS. 2, 3, and 5, of the two collective elements 50, 60, the first collective element 50 arranged on the inlet 15 side (upstream side) is more than the second collective element 60. Small diameter. The diameter of the first collective element 50 is smaller than the diameter of the recessed portion 64 of the second collective element 60, and the first collective element 50 is fitted into the recessed portion 64 in a facing state.

  Further, the opening shape of the first collective element 50 on the opposite surface to the second collective element 60, that is, the downstream side face directed to the outlet 16 side, is deformed similarly to the element main body 61 of the second collective element 60. A plurality of rectangular recesses 51 are formed without any gaps. Reference numeral “56” denotes a screw insertion hole used when the first assembly element 50 is fixed to the first diffusion element 30 by screwing.

  The two collective elements 50 and 60 are assembled in an arrangement as shown in FIGS. That is, the first collective element 50 is arranged in a facing state in the recess 64 of the second collective element 60. At this time, the opening surfaces of the many concave portions 65 on the upstream side surface of the second collecting element 60 and the opening surfaces of the many concave portions 51 on the downstream side surface 52 of the first collecting element 50 face each other, with the outlet port 62 as the center. The orientation of the second collective element 60 is determined so that the recesses 51 and 65 are displaced from each other by half in the circumferential direction (see FIG. 3). In this state, the positions of the insertion holes 56 of the first collective element 50 and the screw holes 66 of the second collective element 60 are aligned and fixed by screws 72 and assembled.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the diameter of the first collective element 50 is smaller than the diameter of the recess 64 of the second collective element 60. However, the difference in diameter is slight. Therefore, when both the collecting elements 50 and 60 are assembled, the outer peripheral end face of the first collecting element 50 is disposed between the inner peripheral face 68 of the peripheral wall portion 63 of the second collecting element 60 and the outer peripheral end face of the first collecting element 50. A ring-shaped gap is formed as an annular inflow passage 74 over the entire circumference, and the start end opening located upstream of the annular inflow passage 74 is the start end of the collecting / mixing flow path 28, and the ring faces toward the upstream side. It is opened in a shape.

  Then, the fluid R supplied to the annular inflow passage 74 of the second collecting element 60 passes through the collecting / mixing flow path 28 (see FIG. 1) and is then discharged from the start end of the collecting / mixing flow path 28. . The inflow width t2 of the annular inflow passage 74 is formed at a substantially constant interval (substantially uniform width) over the entire circumference, and is formed, for example, with a width around 1/20 of the radius of the second assembly element 60 (see FIG. 5). The inflow width t <b> 2 of the annular inflow passage 74 is formed to be the same width as the outflow width t <b> 1 of the annular outflow passage 73.

  In this way, if the starting end portion of the annular inflow passage 74 extending over the entire circumference is formed on the outer periphery of the second collective element 60 with a substantially uniform width, the fluid R can be allowed to flow substantially evenly over the entire periphery. Variations in the pressure of the fluid R flowing in from the portion are less likely to occur, and a problem that the amount of inflow of the fluid R is biased depending on the position of the outer peripheral portion of the mixing unit 12 is prevented. If the deviation of the inflow amount is prevented, the flow path resistance is lowered, and it is possible to prevent a place where the pressure of the fluid R is locally high.

  In this embodiment, the size of the annular inflow passage 74, that is, the inflow width t2 of the gap is substantially uniform over the entire circumference. As a result, the flow resistance can be more reliably reduced, and the generation of a local high pressure region, particularly, the generation of a local high pressure region in the vicinity of the annular inflow channel 74 can be prevented.

  In addition, between the two collecting elements 50 and 60 that are opposed to each other in the circumferential direction by being displaced by half of the concave portions 51 and 65, the peripheral edges of the two collecting elements 50 and 60 from the annular inflow path 74. The collecting / mixing flow path in which the fluid R flowing into the section flows in a meandering state in a radial direction perpendicular to the axial direction toward the central portion of both collecting elements 50 and 60 while repeating diversion and merging (dispersing and mixing) 28 (see FIG. 1) is formed, and the fluid R is mixed in the process in which the fluid R flows through the assembly / mixing flow path 28. Then, the fluid R that has passed through the assembly / mixing flow path 28 flows out of the mixing unit 12 through an outlet 62 that opens at the center of the back side of the mixing unit 12.

  Here, the mutual relationship of the many recessed parts 51 and 65 formed in the surface at the side of contact of each collective element 50 and 60 is demonstrated.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the concave portions 51 and 65 of both the collecting elements 50 and 60 are formed in the same shape and size with respect to the concave portions 51 and 65 in the same row, and gradually from the peripheral edge side toward the central portion side. These contact surfaces are in contact with each other in a state where the corner portion 59 of the recess 51 of the first assembly element 50 is located at the center position of the recess 65 of the second assembly element 60.

  When abutting in this state, the fluid R can flow between the recess 51 of the first assembly element 50 and the recess 65 of the second assembly element 60. The corner 69 is a position where the corners of the four recesses 51 are gathered.

  Therefore, for example, when considering the case where the fluid R flows from the concave portion 51 side of the first collective element 50 to the concave portion 65 side of the second collective element 60, the fluid R is divided (distributed) into three flow paths. Become.

  That is, the corner portion 69 of the second collective element 60 located at the center position of the concave portion 51 of the first collective element 50 functions as a flow diverting portion that diverts the fluid R. On the contrary, when the case where the fluid R flows from the second assembly element 60 side to the first assembly element 50 side is considered, the fluid R that has flowed from three directions flows into one concave portion 51 to be joined. In this case, the corner portion 69 located at the center position of the second collective element 60 functions as a merging portion.

  Further, the corner 59 of the recess 51 of the first assembly element 50 is also located at the center position of the recess 65 of the second assembly element 60. In this case, the corner portion 59 of the first collective element 50 functions as the above-described diversion portion or merging portion.

  As described above, the fluid R flowing in from the annular inflow passage 74 repeats the diversion and merging (dispersion and mixing) between the two collective elements 50 and 60 facing each other. A diffusion / mixing flow path 27 (see FIG. 1) is formed which flows in a meandering manner in the radiation directions 50 and 60 (radial direction perpendicular to the axial direction).

Furthermore, the end portion of the annular outflow passage 73 that opens in a ring shape toward the downstream side over the entire circumference and the start end portion of the annular inflow passage 74 that opens in a ring shape toward the upstream side over the entire circumference are aligned. The pressure loss of the fluid R flowing from the annular outflow passage 73 → the annular inflow passage 74 → the assembly / mixing passage 28 can be greatly reduced, and the seal portion Fluid leakage from a certain O-ring 26 can be avoided steadily.
[Emulsion fuel generator]
As shown in FIG. 6, the emulsion fuel generating device 80 that generates emulsion fuel includes the above-described static fluid mixing device 10. That is, the emulsion fuel generation device 80 connects the introduction pipe 20 that introduces the fluid R to the introduction port 15 of the static fluid mixing apparatus 10, and connects the outlet tube 21 that leads the fluid R to the outlet 16. . The introduction pipe 20 is provided with an introduction pump P1, and the introduction pump P1 pumps the fluid R through the introduction port 15 to the stationary fluid mixing apparatus 10. A plurality of different types of fluids R (for example, liquid and gas) are pumped and introduced to the stationary fluid mixing device 10 through the introduction pipe 20 by the introduction pump P1, and the fluid R is mixed by the stationary fluid mixing device 10. The fluid R that has been subjected to the mixing process can be led out through the lead-out pipe 21.

  Between the middle part of the outlet pipe 21 and the middle part of the inlet pipe 20 located downstream of the introduction pump P1, a fluid return pipe 24 is connected via the outlet-side three-way valve 22 and the inlet-side three-way valve 23. It is installed. A return pump P <b> 2 is provided in the middle of the fluid return pipe 24. Each of the pumps P1 and P2 is a pump capable of gas-liquid mixture transfer, that is, a pump that can ensure a stable discharge pressure and discharge flow rate even when emulsion fuel that is a gas-liquid mixed fluid is pumped (for example, , "Gas-liquid transfer pump" manufactured by Nikuni Co., Ltd.) can be used.

  With this configuration, in the emulsion fuel generating device 80, the outlet side three-way valve 22 and the inlet side three-way valve 23 are switched as appropriate, and the fluid R is introduced into the inlet pipe 20 → static fluid mixer 10 → outlet pipe 21 → outlet side. A circulation circuit 25 that circulates through the three-way valve 22 → the fluid return pipe 24 → the introduction-side three-way valve 23 → the introduction pipe 20 can be formed. At this time, by setting the number of circulations or the circulation time as desired, the fluid component can be made ultrafine (from nano level to several μm level) and can be miniaturized to a uniform size.

  The fluid R to be mixed may be a combination of liquid and liquid, liquid and gas, and powder and liquid. Here, the liquid R is fuel oil as a continuous phase, which is a liquid, water as a dispersed phase, and gas. A minute amount of air can be mixed to produce an emulsion fuel containing fine bubbles. By adjusting the mixing ratio of the fuel oil and water, it can be used as a fuel for burning the internal combustion engine under appropriate combustion conditions. The fuel oil includes gasoline, aviation turbine fuel oil (jet fuel oil), kerosene, light oil, gas turbine fuel oil, and heavy oil. This embodiment is particularly effective for reforming heavy oil. Even if it is waste oil, it can be reformed to obtain a modified waste oil that can be used effectively. Furthermore, even when flame-retardant waste oil is used as fuel oil, it can be stably burned by using the W / O emulsion fuel according to the present embodiment. In addition, the intake pipe 81 is connected to the introduction pipe 20 so that the air is taken from the intake pipe 81 by the ejector effect (the suction effect using the pressure difference between the pressure in the introduction pipe 20 and the pressure in the intake pipe). It is possible. Reference numeral 82 denotes a flow rate adjusting valve attached in the middle of the intake pipe 81.

  Here, when producing the emulsion fuel, the volume ratio of the fuel oil and water to be mixed is fuel oil: water = 6-9: 4-1. When using fuel oil A as fuel oil, preferably fuel oil: water = 8: 2, and when using fuel oil C, preferably fuel oil: water = 8.5: 1.5, and using waste oil as fuel oil In this case, the emulsion fuel can be preferably produced by mixing at a volume ratio of waste oil: water = 9: 1. The minute amount of air, which is a gas, is, for example, the amount of outside air sucked from the intake pipe 81 is set to 0.1% to 3%, preferably around 1% of the volume (predetermined flow rate) of the mixed liquid of fuel oil and water ( By setting the flow rate adjustment valve 82 to 0.7% to 1.2% so as to be mixed with the mixture of fuel oil and water, an emulsion fuel mixed with bubbles can be generated.

  With this configuration, the emulsion fuel generation device 80 introduces fuel oil, water, and a small amount of air as the fluid R through the introduction pipe 20 into the introduction port 15 of the static fluid mixing device 10, and static fluid mixing. The fluid R is mixed by the apparatus 10. At this time, the fluid R can be circulated through the circulation circuit 25 for a desired number of times or time to be mixed. Then, after the mixing process is completed, that is, after the emulsion fuel mixed with bubbles is generated, the derivation side three-way valve 22 can be switched and recovered from the terminal portion of the derivation pipe 21.

  Producing a fine bubble-mixed emulsion fuel with reduced buoyancy by finely mixing a fuel oil as a continuous phase, water as a dispersed phase, and a minute amount of air with a static fluid mixing device 10 Can do. At this time, since the fine bubbles with reduced buoyancy are hydrophobic, they do not adhere to the surface of the water droplets and are dispersed in the fuel oil, increasing the area of the gas-liquid interface (combustion surface area). The surface activity (function like a surfactant) is exhibited by electrostatic polarization, and coalescence of the fine water droplets can be prevented and the water droplets can be stabilized in the emulsion fuel. As a result, with such an emulsion fuel, the dispersion of the water droplet diameter is made uniform, and when such an emulsion fuel is burned in, for example, a combustion device, good combustion efficiency can be ensured and soot and black smoke are generated. Can be resolved.

  Here, when the diameter of a minute amount of air is made into ultrafine bubbles at the nano-level or sub-micron level, it can be made into an emulsion fuel mixed with ultra-fine bubbles at the nano-level or sub-micron level. In this case, the area of the gas-liquid interface (burning surface area) can be further increased by ultrafine bubbles, and the surface activity (function like a surfactant) can be increased by electrostatic polarization. It is possible to prevent coalescence of the formed water droplets and to further stabilize the water droplets in the emulsion fuel. As a result, good combustion efficiency can be further improved. The nano level means a level of less than 1 μm. The submicron level refers to a level of 0.1 μm to 1 μm.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Static type fluid mixing apparatus 11 Casing body 12 Mixing unit 13 Left end wall 14 Right end wall 30 First diffusion element 40 Second diffusion element 50 First assembly element 60 Second assembly element

Claims (3)

A disk-shaped second diffusion element is arranged opposite to a disk-shaped first diffusion element in which a fluid inlet is formed in the center, and flows in from the center-side inlet between the two diffusion elements. Forming a diffusion / mixing flow path that diffuses and mixes the flowed fluid in the radial direction toward the periphery,
The disc-shaped first collective element is arranged so that the disc-shaped second collective element having a fluid outlet formed at the center is opposed to the disc-shaped first collective element, and the fluid that has flowed in from the peripheral edge side between the two collective elements. Form an assembly / mixing flow path that gathers and mixes by flowing in the radial direction toward the center,
A static fluid mixing apparatus comprising a mixing unit in which a terminal part of a diffusion / mixing channel and a starting part of a collecting / mixing channel are connected,
The diffusion / mixing flow path is formed by arranging a large number of concave portions of the same shape and the same size on the opposing surfaces of the first and second diffusion elements, and the opening surfaces of the concave portions of the respective diffusion elements are brought into face contact with each other. In addition, arrange them in different positions to communicate with each other,
The collecting / mixing flow path is formed by arranging a large number of concave portions of the same shape and the same size on the same circumference around the fluid outlet on the opposing surfaces of the first and second collecting elements, and in the radial direction. In this embodiment, the concave portion is formed by gradually reducing the opening area of the concave portion from the peripheral portion side toward the central portion side, and the concave portion having the minimum opening area of the concave portion on the central portion side equal to or larger than the opening area of the concave portion of the diffusion element. A stationary fluid characterized in that it is arranged in a plurality of rows, the opening surfaces of the recesses of both assembly elements are brought into contact with each other in abutting manner, and are displaced in the circumferential direction so as to communicate with each other Mixing equipment. While the number of concave portions of each diffusion element arranged on the same circumference centering on the fluid inlet is gradually increased from the central side toward the peripheral side,
2. The static fluid mixing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the number of concave portions of each collecting element arranged on the same circumference centering on the fluid outlet is the same in each row in the radial direction.   A fluid obtained by adding a minute amount of air to a mixed liquid of fuel oil as a continuous phase and water as a dispersed phase is mixed by a static fluid mixing apparatus according to claim 1 or 2 to produce an emulsion fuel containing fine bubbles. An emulsion fuel generating device characterized by generating.

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