JP2013090309A - Acoustic transducer, speaker, and electronic apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an acoustic transducer, a speaker, and an electronic apparatus which obtain large amplitude with a small piezoelectric element.SOLUTION: A speaker 100 is an acoustic transducer including: a housing 101; a vibrator 102 supported by the housing 101 at one end; and a diaphragm 103 supported by the housing 101. The speaker 100 includes a lever member 104, which enlarges vibration amplitude of the vibrator 102 and transmits the vibration to the diaphragm 103, as an amplitude enlargement mechanism located between the vibrator 102 and the diaphragm 103.

Description

  The present invention relates to an acoustic transducer, a speaker, and an electronic device that convert an electrical signal into sound.

In an electronic device such as a cellular phone, a small electromagnetic speaker has been used.
Further, Patent Document 1 discloses a speaker using a rectangular piezoelectric element.

Japanese Patent No. 3700559

  However, in an actuator in which the piezoelectric element bends (deflects) and vibrates, the stroke (displacement amount) is proportional to the length of the actuator due to the driving principle. Therefore, in order to obtain a large bending displacement stroke, the length of the actuator becomes long, and it is difficult to reduce the size.

  An object of the present invention is to provide an acoustic transducer, a speaker, and an electronic device that can obtain a large amplitude even when a small piezoelectric element is used.

  The present invention proposes the following matters in order to solve the above problems. In addition, in order to make an understanding easy, although the code | symbol corresponding to embodiment of this invention is attached | subjected and demonstrated, it is not limited to this.

(1) The present invention supports the casing (101, 201, 301), the vibrator (102, 202, 302) having one end (102a, 202a, 302a) supported by the casing, and the casing. And an amplitude expansion mechanism (104, 204, 304A, 304B, 304C) that expands the vibration amplitude of the vibrator and transmits the vibration amplitude to the diaphragm. , 304D) is provided between the vibrator and the diaphragm, and an acoustic transducer (100, 200, 300) is proposed.

  According to this invention, the acoustic transducer includes a housing, a vibrator having one end supported by the housing, and a diaphragm supported by the housing. Furthermore, the acoustic transducer includes an amplitude expanding mechanism between the vibrator and the diaphragm that enlarges the vibration amplitude of the vibrator and transmits the vibration amplitude to the diaphragm. Therefore, the acoustic transducer can obtain a large amplitude even if a small piezoelectric element is used. Further, the manufacturing cost can be reduced by downsizing the piezoelectric element.

(2) The present invention provides the acoustic transducer according to (1), wherein the amplitude enlarging mechanism includes a fulcrum (105, 205) that is swingably supported with respect to the housing (101, 201), and the It has a force point (104a, 204a) connected to the other end (102b, 202b) of the vibrator (102, 202) and an action point (104b, 204b) connected to the diaphragm (103, 203). And an insulator (104, 204) having a length (L1) between the force point and the fulcrum shorter than a length (L2) between the action point and the fulcrum. A transducer (100, 200) is proposed.

  According to this invention, the amplitude enlarging mechanism has a fulcrum supported to be swingable with respect to the housing, a force point connected to the other end of the vibrator, and an action point connected to the diaphragm. The length between the force point and the fulcrum is shorter than the length between the action point and the fulcrum. Therefore, the acoustic transducer can transmit the vibration amplitude of the vibrator to the diaphragm with a simple configuration.

(3) In the acoustic transducer according to (2), in the present invention, the action point (104b, 204b) of the insulator (104, 204) is connected to the center of the diaphragm (103, 203). The acoustic transducer characterized by these is proposed.

  According to this invention, the action point of the insulator is connected to the center of the diaphragm. Therefore, the acoustic transducer is likely to vibrate due to the vibration transmitted from the action point to the diaphragm, and the vibration of the vibrator can be efficiently converted into sound.

(4) The present invention proposes an acoustic transducer (300) characterized in that in the acoustic transducer according to (1), the amplitude enlarging mechanism is a pantograph mechanism (304A, 304B, 304C, 304D). ing.

  According to the present invention, the amplitude enlarging mechanism is a pantograph mechanism. Therefore, the acoustic transducer can be mounted in a more flexible shape, and can be used in more devices.

(5) The present invention provides the acoustic transducer according to any one of (1) to (4), wherein the vibrator (102, 202, 302) is formed of a strip-shaped multilayer ceramic piezoelectric element. Have proposed acoustic transducers (100, 200, 300).

  According to this invention, the vibrator is formed of a strip-shaped multilayer ceramic piezoelectric element. Therefore, the acoustic transducer can be reduced in size as a whole.

(6) The present invention proposes a speaker (100, 200, 300) using the acoustic transducer described in any one of (1) to (5).

  According to this invention, the speaker uses the acoustic transducer described in any one of (1) to (5). Therefore, the speaker can obtain a large amplitude even if a small piezoelectric element is used. Further, the manufacturing cost can be reduced by downsizing the piezoelectric element.

(7) The present invention proposes an electronic device (1) including the acoustic transducer according to any one of (1) to (5).

  According to this invention, an electronic device includes the acoustic transducer according to any one of (1) to (5). Therefore, the electronic apparatus can obtain a large amplitude even if a small piezoelectric element is used. Further, the manufacturing cost can be reduced by downsizing the piezoelectric element.

  According to the present invention, a large amplitude can be obtained even if a small piezoelectric element is used. Further, the manufacturing cost can be reduced by downsizing the piezoelectric element.

It is a figure which shows 1st Embodiment of the mobile telephone 1 by this invention. It is the schematic diagram which expanded and showed the speaker. It is the figure which expanded further the inside of the circle | round | yen shown with the dashed-dotted line in FIG. It is the schematic diagram which expanded and showed the speaker 200 of 2nd Embodiment. It is the figure which expanded further the inside of the circle | round | yen shown with the dashed-dotted line in FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the lever member 204 periphery of the speaker 200 of 2nd Embodiment. It is the schematic diagram which expanded and showed the speaker 300 of 3rd Embodiment.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
Note that the constituent elements in the present embodiment can be appropriately replaced with existing constituent elements and the like, and various variations including combinations with other existing constituent elements are possible. Therefore, the description of the present embodiment does not limit the contents of the invention described in the claims.

(First embodiment)
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a first embodiment of a mobile phone 1 according to the present invention.
In addition, each figure shown below including FIG. 1 is the figure shown typically, and the magnitude | size and shape of each part are exaggerated suitably for easy understanding.
The mobile phone 1 according to the first embodiment includes a microphone 2 and a speaker 100.

  The microphone 2 is a small sound collector that collects sound during a call.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the speaker 100 in an enlarged manner.
FIG. 3 is a further enlarged view of the inside of the circle indicated by the alternate long and short dash line in FIG.
The speaker 100 is an acoustic transducer that converts a voice signal during a call into voice. The speaker 100 includes a housing 101, a vibrator 102, a diaphragm 103, an insulator member 104, a diaphragm connecting member 106, and a vibrator connecting member 107.

  The housing 101 is a structure that supports each member of the speaker 100.

  The vibrator 102 is a strip-shaped multilayer ceramic piezoelectric element. The vibrator 102 has a fixed end 102 a that is one end fixed to the housing 101, and a movable end 102 b that is the other end connected to the lever member 104 via the vibrator connecting member 107. Therefore, when the vibrator 102 vibrates, the movable end 102b vibrates up and down using the fixed end 102a as a fulcrum of bending vibration, and the vibration is transmitted to the lever member 104.

  The outer periphery of the diaphragm 103 is supported by the casing 101. When vibration is transmitted from the vibrator 102 via the lever member 104, the diaphragm 103 performs bending vibration with the supported portion as a fulcrum, and generates sound. The diaphragm 103 is preferably formed of a light member having a certain degree of hardness. The diaphragm 103 can be appropriately selected from materials used in ordinary electromagnetic speakers, such as glued processed nonwoven paper, non-woven fabric, elastomer plate, plastic plate, ceramic plate, thin metal plate, and the like.

  The lever member 104 is supported so as to be swingable with respect to the housing with the shaft 105 as a fulcrum, and is an amplitude expansion mechanism that expands the vibration amplitude of the vibrator 102 and transmits the vibration amplitude to the diaphragm 103. The lever member 104 has a force point 104 a connected to the vibrator 102 and an action point 104 b connected to the center of the diaphragm 103 via a diaphragm connecting member 106. Since the outer periphery of the diaphragm 103 is supported by the housing 101, the center can bend more than the surroundings. Therefore, connecting the action point 104b to the center of the diaphragm 103 makes it easier for the diaphragm 103 to vibrate, so that sound can be generated efficiently. The portion of the force point 104a is formed so as to sandwich the movable end 102b of the vibrator 102 from above and below (up and down in the drawing, the same applies hereinafter). In the lever member 104, the length L2 from the shaft 105 to the action point 104b is longer than the length L1 from the shaft 105 serving as a fulcrum to the force point 104a.

  The diaphragm connecting member 106 is provided between the action point 104 b of the lever member 104 and the diaphragm 103, and is a member that enables displacement of the connection between the lever member 104 and the diaphragm 103. For the diaphragm connecting member 106, for example, an elastic member such as an elastomer may be used. By providing the diaphragm connecting member 106, the lever member 104 and the diaphragm 103 do not restrain each other and can perform a vibrating operation.

  The vibrator connecting member 107 is provided by being bonded and fixed so as to be sandwiched between the force points 104 a of the lever member 104. The vibrator connecting member 107 is provided so as to sandwich the movable end 102b of the vibrator 102 from above and below. The vibrator connecting member 107 is formed of a buffer material having a thin elastomer. By providing the vibrator connecting member 107 between the vibrator 102 and the insulator member 104, the vibrator 102 and the insulator member 104 can perform a vibration operation without sliding each other and restraining each other. . In addition, the vibrator 102 can be prevented from being damaged by excessive displacement.

  As described above, the length L2 from the shaft 105 to the action point 104b is longer than the length L1 from the shaft 105 serving as the fulcrum to the force point 104a. Therefore, the vertical amplitude at the force point 104a is enlarged at the action point 104b by the action of the lever. Thereby, even if the vibration amplitude of the vibrator 102 is relatively small, vibration with a large amplitude is transmitted to the diaphragm 103. Therefore, the necessary amplitude can be transmitted to the diaphragm 103 without making the vibrator 102 large. Further, since the vibrator 102 can be downsized, the price of the vibrator 102 can be kept low, and even if the insulator member 104 is provided, the price of the mobile phone 1 can be kept low.

(Second Embodiment)
FIG. 4 is an enlarged schematic view of the speaker 200 of the second embodiment.
FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of the inside of the circle indicated by the alternate long and short dash line in FIG.
FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing the periphery of the lever member 204 of the speaker 200 of the second embodiment.
The speaker 200 of the second embodiment is the same as the speaker 100 of the first embodiment, except that the configuration of the lever member 204 is different. Therefore, the same reference numerals are given to the portions that perform the same functions as those in the first embodiment described above, and repeated descriptions are omitted as appropriate.

  The speaker 200 is an acoustic transducer that converts a voice signal during a call into voice. The speaker 200 includes a housing 201, a vibrator 202, a diaphragm 203, an insulator member 204, a diaphragm connecting member 206, and a vibrator connecting member 207.

  The housing 201 is a structure that supports each member of the speaker 200.

  The vibrator 202 is a strip-shaped multilayer ceramic piezoelectric element. The vibrator 202 has a fixed end 202 a that is one end fixed to the casing 201, and a movable end 202 b that is the other end connected to the lever member 204 via the vibrator connecting member 207. Therefore, when the vibrator 202 vibrates, the movable end 202b vibrates up and down using the fixed end 202a as a fulcrum of bending vibration, and the vibration is transmitted to the lever member 204.

  The outer periphery of the diaphragm 203 is supported by the casing 201. When vibration is transmitted from the vibrator 202 through the lever member 204, the diaphragm 203 performs bending vibration with the supported portion as a fulcrum, and generates sound.

  The lever member 204 is supported by a shaft 205 as a fulcrum so as to be swingable with respect to the housing, and is an amplitude expanding mechanism that expands the vibration amplitude of the vibrator 202 and transmits the vibration amplitude to the diaphragm 203. The lever member 204 has a force point 204 a connected to the vibrator 202 and an action point 204 b connected to the center of the diaphragm 203 via a diaphragm connecting member 206. The portion of the force point 204a is formed in a shape that sandwiches the movable end 202b of the vibrator 202 from above and below. In the lever member 204, the length L2 from the shaft 205 to the action point 204b is longer than the length L1 from the shaft 205 serving as a fulcrum to the force point 204a.

  Here, in the lever member 104 of 1st Embodiment demonstrated previously, the force point 104a and the action point 104b were arrange | positioned so that the fulcrum (shaft 105) may be pinched | interposed. On the other hand, in the lever member 204 of 2nd Embodiment, the force point 204a and the action point 204b are arrange | positioned on the same side on the basis of the fulcrum (shaft 205). By arranging in this way, the lever member 204 of the second embodiment has the same size as the lever member 104 of the first embodiment, but the vibrator 202 is larger than the lever member 104 of the first embodiment. The ratio of expanding the vibration amplitude of can be increased. Further, when the ratio of increasing the vibration amplitude of the vibrator 202 is equal to that of the lever member 104 of the first embodiment, the size of the lever member 204 can be made smaller than that of the lever member 104 of the first embodiment.

  The diaphragm connecting member 206 is provided between the action point 204b of the lever member 204 and the diaphragm 203, and is a member that enables displacement of the connection between the lever member 204 and the diaphragm 203.

  The vibrator connecting member 207 is provided by being bonded and fixed so as to be sandwiched between the force points 204 a of the lever member 204. The vibrator connecting member 207 is provided so as to sandwich the movable end 202b of the vibrator 202 from above and below.

  As described above, according to the second embodiment, the speaker 200 can be reduced in size as a whole or increased in proportion to increase in amplitude when not reduced in size as compared with the first embodiment.

(Third embodiment)
FIG. 7 is an enlarged schematic view of the speaker 300 according to the third embodiment.
The speaker 300 of the third embodiment is the same as the speaker 100 of the first embodiment, except that the configuration corresponding to the lever member 104 in the first embodiment is different. Therefore, the same reference numerals are given to the portions that perform the same functions as those in the first embodiment described above, and repeated descriptions are omitted as appropriate.

  The speaker 300 is an acoustic transducer that converts an audio signal during a call into audio. The speaker 300 includes a housing 301, a vibrator 302, a diaphragm 303, a first arm 304A, a second arm 304B, a third arm 304C, a fourth arm 304D, a diaphragm connecting member 306, And a vibrator connecting member 307.

  The housing 301 is a structure that supports each member of the speaker 300.

  The vibrator 302 is a strip-shaped multilayer ceramic piezoelectric element. The vibrator 302 has a fixed end 302 a that is one end fixed to the housing 301, and a movable end 302 b that is the other end connected to the first arm 304 </ b> A via the vibrator connecting member 307. Therefore, when the vibrator 302 vibrates, the movable end 302b vibrates up and down using the fixed end 302a as a fulcrum for bending vibration, and the vibration is transmitted to the first arm 304A.

  The outer periphery of the diaphragm 303 is supported by the housing 301, and vibration is transmitted from the vibrator 302 via the first arm 304A, the second arm 304B, the third arm 304C, and the fourth arm 304D. Then, bending vibration is performed using this supported portion as a fulcrum, and sound is generated.

  The first arm 304A is supported so as to be swingable with the shaft 305 as a fulcrum together with the second arm 304B. Note that the shaft 305 is fixed to the housing 301. The vibrator 302 is connected to the force point 304Aa of the first arm 304A.

  The second arm 304B is disposed so as to cross the first arm 304A, and is supported so as to be able to swing together with the first arm 304A with the shaft 305 as a fulcrum.

  The third arm 304 </ b> C has one end rotatably provided on the shaft 308 at the end of the first arm 304 </ b> A and the other end provided rotatably on the shaft 310 of the diaphragm connecting member 306.

  One end of the fourth arm 304 </ b> D is rotatably provided on the shaft 309 at the end of the second arm 304 </ b> B, and the other end is provided rotatably on the shaft 310 of the diaphragm connecting member 306.

  The first arm 304A, the second arm 304B, the third arm 304C, and the fourth arm 304D constitute a pantograph mechanism. This pantograph mechanism functions as an amplitude enlargement mechanism that enlarges the vibration amplitude of the vibrator 302 and transmits it to the diaphragm 303. In the first arm 304A, the length L2 from the shaft 305 to the shaft 308 is longer than the length L1 from the shaft 305 to the force point 304Aa.

  The diaphragm connecting member 306 has a shaft 310, and the third arm 304C and the fourth arm 304D are connected to each other. The diaphragm connecting member 306 is connected to the diaphragm 303.

  The vibrator connecting member 307 is provided by being bonded and fixed so as to be sandwiched between the power points 304Aa of the first arm 304A. The vibrator connecting member 307 is provided so as to sandwich the movable end 302b of the vibrator 302 from above and below.

  With the configuration described above, in the third embodiment, the speaker 300 expands the vibration of the vibrator 302 and transmits it to the diaphragm 303 by the pantograph mechanism. The speaker 300 can be mounted in a more flexible shape by using a pantograph mechanism, and can be used in more devices.

  The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the drawings. However, the specific configuration is not limited to the embodiments, and includes designs and the like that do not depart from the gist of the present invention.

(Deformation)
For example, in each of the embodiments, the speaker of a mobile phone has been described as an example of the electronic device. For example, the electronic device may be a game machine, or may be any device such as a music player or an IC recorder.

  The first embodiment to the third embodiment and modified embodiments can be used in appropriate combination, but detailed description thereof is omitted.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Mobile phone 2 Microphone 100,200,300 Speaker 101,201,301 Case 102,202,302 Vibrator 102a, 202a, 302a Fixed end 102b, 202b, 302b Movable end 103,203,303 Diaphragm 104,204 Insulator Member 104a, 204a Force point 104b, 204b Action point 105, 205 Shaft 106, 206, 306 Diaphragm connection member 107, 207, 307 Vibrator connection member 304A First arm 304Aa Force point 304B Second arm 304C Third arm 304D Fourth arm 305, 308, 309, 310 axes

Claims (7)

A housing,
A vibrator having one end supported by the housing;
A diaphragm supported by the housing;
An acoustic transducer comprising:
An amplitude increasing mechanism for expanding the vibration amplitude of the vibrator and transmitting it to the diaphragm is provided between the vibrator and the diaphragm,
An acoustic transducer characterized by. The acoustic transducer of claim 1, wherein
The amplitude enlarging mechanism is
A fulcrum supported to be swingable with respect to the housing;
A force point connected to the other end of the vibrator;
An action point connected to the diaphragm;
Have
A length between the force point and the fulcrum is shorter than the length between the action point and the fulcrum;
An acoustic transducer characterized by. The acoustic transducer according to claim 2,
The point of action of the insulator is connected to the center of the diaphragm;
An acoustic transducer characterized by. The acoustic transducer of claim 1, wherein
The amplitude enlarging mechanism is a pantograph mechanism;
An acoustic transducer characterized by. The acoustic transducer according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein:
The vibrator is formed of a strip-shaped multilayer ceramic piezoelectric element;
An acoustic transducer characterized by.   A speaker using the acoustic transducer according to any one of claims 1 to 5.   An electronic device comprising the acoustic transducer according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

Images