JP2013088051A - Self-excited vibration heat pipe - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a self-excited vibration heat pipe capable of maintaining a high heat transporting performance with simple configuration.SOLUTION: The self-excited vibration heat pipe includes: a conduit line extending a plurality of times between a first area and a second area lower in temperature than the first area, and having a gravity generation part, which is arranged having its axial direction crossing a horizontal plane, at least at a part thereof; and a working fluid charged in the conduit line. The conduit line is provided with a driving part having: a heat reception part exchanging heat in the first area; a heat radiation part exchanging heat in the second area; and a restriction part which is configured to have a smaller heat reception quantity than that of the heat reception part on the first area side and have a smaller heat radiation quantity than that of the heat radiation part on the second area side and which restricts the operation of the working fluid.

Description

  The present invention relates to a self-excited vibration heat pipe.

  There is a self-excited oscillating heat pipe that uses the pressure fluctuation of the fluid in the pipe to transfer heat. The self-excited vibration heat pipe has a structure in which a working fluid having about half the inner volume is sealed in a thin tube that reciprocates between a heating unit and a cooling unit a plurality of times. As the working fluid evaporates in the heating unit and condenses in the cooling unit, heat is transferred as latent heat from the heating unit to the cooling unit.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2004-3807

  However, since the self-excited oscillating heat pipe has a limit in the amplitude of the oscillating flow and a limited heat transport performance, it is difficult to apply to a large heat transfer surface.

  An object of the embodiment is to provide a self-excited vibration heat pipe that can maintain high heat transport performance with a simple configuration.

  A self-excited vibration heat pipe according to an embodiment of the present invention reciprocates a plurality of times over a first area and a second area having a temperature lower than that of the first area, and at least a part of the axial direction intersects a horizontal plane. And a working fluid sealed in the pipe, wherein the pipe has a heat receiving part for exchanging heat in the first area, and the second area. And a heat radiating part that exchanges heat at the first area side, and a heat receiving amount smaller than the heat receiving part on the first area side, or a heat radiating amount smaller than the heat radiating part on the second area side, and restricts the operation of the working fluid The drive part which has a control part is provided, It is characterized by the above-mentioned.

  According to the embodiment, it is possible to maintain high heat transport performance with a simple configuration.

The perspective view which shows the structure of the self-excited vibration heat pipe concerning one Embodiment of this invention. Explanatory drawing which shows the internal structure of the self-excited vibration heat pipe. Explanatory drawing which shows the internal structure of the self-excited vibration heat pipe. Explanatory drawing which shows operation | movement of the self-excited vibration heat pipe. The perspective view which shows the structure of the self-excited vibration heat pipe concerning other embodiment. Explanatory drawing which shows the structure of the self-excited vibration heat pipe concerning other embodiment. Explanatory drawing which shows the structure of the self-excited vibration heat pipe concerning other embodiment. Explanatory drawing which shows the structure of the self-excited vibration heat pipe concerning other embodiment. Explanatory drawing which shows the structure of the self-excited vibration heat pipe concerning other embodiment.

  Hereinafter, a self-excited vibration heat pipe 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4. In the drawings, arrows X, Y, and Z indicate three directions orthogonal to each other. In each drawing, the configuration is appropriately enlarged, reduced, or omitted for explanation. FIG. 1 is an external perspective view showing the structure of a self-excited vibration heat pipe, and FIGS. 2 and 3 are explanatory views showing the internal structure of the self-excited vibration heat pipe 1 as viewed from the side.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the self-excited vibration heat pipe 1 according to the present embodiment reciprocates a heating unit 20 (first area) and a cooling unit 30 (second area) whose temperature is lower than that of the heating unit 20 a plurality of times. And the working fluid 40 enclosed in the duct 10 is configured. The self-excited vibration heat pipe 1 is a heat pipe 1 that drives the working fluid 40 by pressure vibration generated by self-excitation due to pressure fluctuation caused by temperature change.

  The heat pipe 1 is composed of a single long pipe 10, and the pipe 10 is configured to meander and reciprocate a plurality of times over the heating unit 20 and the cooling unit 30. The heat pipe 1 has a plurality of turn portions 11a and 11b that are folded in a U shape at both ends in the Y direction, and the plurality of turn portions 11a and 11b are arranged in the X direction at both ends. Both ends of the heat pipe 1 are communicated with each other in a loop shape, and constitute one circulating flow path.

  One side in the Y direction (heat radiating side) constitutes a horizontal portion 10A in which the axis of the pipe line 10 is arranged along a horizontal plane (XY plane in the figure), and the other end side in the Y direction (heat receiving side) is below the bent portion 11c. The vertical portion 10B (gravity generating portion) is configured such that the shaft is bent along the vertical direction (Z-axis in the figure).

  Here, as an example, a heater 21 is installed as a heat source of the heating unit 20 that is a high temperature part on the side of the vertical part 10B on one end side in the Y direction, and the cooling unit 30 that is another low temperature part is natural air cooling. Although shown, the structure of the heating part 20 and the cooling part 30 is not restricted to this. For example, the heating unit 20 and the cooling unit 30 may have a temperature difference, and another temperature region such as a heat insulating unit may be interposed between the heating unit 20 and the cooling unit 30.

  The pipe 10 is a thin tube having a circular cross section made of a heat conductive metal such as copper. The conduit 10 is set to have a diameter of 5 mm or less so that vapor bubbles and liquid columns are alternately distributed in the tube axis direction by capillary action. In this embodiment, for example, the material is copper, the outer diameter is 3 mm, and the inner diameter is 2 mm. In the example shown in FIG. 1, the number of turns: 14 turns (28 channels), the arrangement width W: about 405 mm, the arrangement pitch P: 15 mm, the horizontal part length L1: about 1500 mm, the vertical part length L2: about 100 mm, It arranged so that it might become heating part length L3: 50mm. Furthermore, the internal working fluid was 40: R-134a, and the enclosed amount ratio was 53% (90 g).

  The pipe line 10 includes a heat radiating unit 13 that exchanges heat with the cooling unit 30, a heat receiving unit 12 that exchanges heat with the heating unit 20, and a heat receiving amount that is smaller than the heat receiving unit 12 on the heating side. The drive part 50 in which the control part 14 which controls operation | movement of 40 is arranged in order is provided. For example, the restricting unit 14 insulates a part of the pipe line from the heater 21 that is a heat source.

  In this embodiment, the heat radiating part 13 is arranged in the horizontal part 10A, and the heat receiving part 12 and the regulating part 14 are alternately arranged in parallel in the vertical part 10B.

  The heat receiving unit 12 is disposed close to the heat source in the heating unit 20 so as to be able to exchange heat, and the regulating unit 14 is disposed in the heating unit 20 but is spaced apart from the heat source and insulated. Therefore, in the regulation part 14, the heat receiving of the working fluid 40 is suppressed, and expansion (evaporation) is suppressed. In addition, the structure of the control part 14 is not restricted to heat insulation, For example, it is good also as a structure cooled similarly to the thermal radiation part 13. FIG. By this restricting portion 14, the pressure state is made different between one side and the other side of the turn portion 11a in the axial direction.

  The heat pipe 1 is folded at the lowermost end portion of each turn portion 11a of the vertical portion 10B, and the heat receiving portion 12 and the regulating portion 14 communicate with each other across the turning point, and the upper side of each heat receiving portion 12 and the regulating portion 14 is Each communicates with the heat dissipation portion 13. In the vicinity of the vertical portion 10 </ b> B, the heat radiating portion 13, the heat receiving portion 12, and the regulating portion 14 are continuously arranged in order to constitute the driving portion 50. That is, in the pipe line 10 for one reciprocation, the restriction part 14 is arranged on the upstream side with the heat receiving part 12 as a reference, and the heat radiation part 13 is arranged on the downstream side. For this reason, in the U-shaped turn part 11a that goes downward, only one of the parts on both sides centering on the turning point is heated and the other is insulated, so that both sides are similarly heated. The part to be heated has a lot of steam and the part to be insulated has a lot of liquid. In such a gas-liquid distribution, steam generated by heating flows upward, and it is difficult to flow back to a portion where there is a lot of liquid, and the flow direction is restricted to one direction. As a result, the limit of the flow distance due to the amplitude of the oscillating flow is eliminated, and the heat transport performance is improved.

  In this embodiment, a driving unit 50 is provided for each reciprocation of the pipe 10, and a total of 14 driving units 50 are arranged at equal intervals. For example, in the setting of the present embodiment, the distance between the drive units 50 is about 3000 mm (one reciprocation) in the axial direction.

  Hereinafter, the operation of the self-excited vibration heat pipe 1 according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing an internal state of the conduit 10 of the self-excited vibration heat pipe 1. A vapor bubble 41 (gas) and a liquid column 42 (liquid) are distributed as a working fluid 40 in the duct 10 of the self-excited vibration heat pipe 1. The working fluid 40 evaporates by heating at the heating unit 20 to become vapor bubbles 41, and condenses by cooling at the cooling unit 30 to become liquid columns 42.

  The working fluid 40 is heated by the heat receiving unit 12 disposed in the heating unit 20 and becomes rich in the gas phase, and is cooled in the heat radiating unit 13 disposed in the cooling unit 30 and becomes rich in the liquid phase. Since the evaporation is dominant in the portion where the liquid is large, the pressure is high, and in the portion where the vapor is large, the condensation is dominant and the pressure is reduced. On the other hand, since the working fluid 40 flows out from the portion where the pressure is high, the liquid decreases, and in the portion where the pressure is low, the liquid increases because the working fluid 40 flows in. The pressure vibration generated by the self-excitation due to the interaction between the pressure and the liquid amount is sustained, and heat transport is performed. That is, the working fluid 40 continuously moves in the pipe line 10 due to pressure vibration generated by the pressure difference between the vapor bubble 41 and the liquid column 42, so that the heat is cooled from the heating unit 20 as latent heat. It is carried to the part 30 and heat transport is performed.

  Furthermore, in the drive part 50, the vapor | steam expanded in the low heat receiving part 12 moves to the high heat radiation part 13 side by the effect | action of gravity. At this time, one side in the axial direction of the heat receiving part 12 communicates with the heat radiating part 13, and the other side communicates with the regulating part 14 through the turn part 11a. Since the regulating portion 14 is insulated and has a smaller amount of heat or does not receive heat than the heat receiving portion 12, it becomes a liquid phase rich state and a pressure higher than that of the heat receiving portion 12. For this reason, the steam bubble 41 of the heat receiving part 12 provided on one side of the turn part 11a is directed in the direction of moving to the upper heat radiating part 13 side by the action of gravity, and the liquid column 42 descends in the other pipe line. Oriented in the direction to do.

  That is, the drive unit 50 controls the flow direction of the working fluid 40 with a simple configuration that only insulates the pipes 10 every other line. This drive unit 50 allows a unidirectional flow of vibration flow generated in a self-excited manner and suppresses a flow in the opposite direction, thereby generating a circulating flow of the working fluid 40 in the pipe line 10. Vibration can be sustained. The flow of the working fluid 40 is directed in the direction indicated by the arrow in FIG. 4 and becomes a pulsating circulation flow that flows while vibrating.

  According to this embodiment, high heat transport performance can be maintained by controlling the operation of the working fluid 40 with a simple configuration. That is, the self-excited oscillating heat pipe 1 has a limit in the amplitude of the oscillating flow in the horizontal state, and therefore the heat transport distance is set to several hundred mm. However, in this embodiment, a gravity generating unit having a height difference is provided to reduce the gravity. Thus, the heat transport performance can be remarkably improved by driving the working fluid 40.

  Further, the operation direction of the working fluid 40 can be regulated with a simple configuration in which a part of the pipe line 10 is thermally insulated to form the regulating unit 14.

  As an experiment, a part of the self-excited vibration heat pipe 1 was formed of a transparent tube, the internal state was observed, and temperature was measured at a plurality of locations in the heat pipe 1. When the heater 21 is activated at 40 W, the self-excited vibration is not activated and only the temperature of the heat receiving unit 12 is increased. However, the temperature of the heat receiving unit 12 is decreased with the start of the self-excited vibration operation after a lapse of a certain time after the activation. A temperature rise occurred, and the temperature difference between the heat receiving portion 12 and the heat radiating portion 13 was reduced. At this time, a bubble flow toward the heat radiating portion 13 is observed in the heat receiving portion 12, and a slow flow of a liquid containing a small amount of fine bubbles in the direction toward the vertical surface is observed in the regulating portion 14, confirming the occurrence of a circulating flow. It was done.

  In this embodiment, since a high heat transport capability can be obtained only by bending a part of the heat pipe 1 to provide a height difference, the present invention is also applicable when heat exchange is performed in a wide horizontal plane. For example, a sufficient heat transport force can be obtained by using a horizontal plane in a wide range as a heating unit or a cooling unit and tilting a part thereof so as to incline in a vertical direction or a horizontal plane. For example, the heat radiating portion 13 of the heat pipe 1 can be laid on the floor or road and used for heat exchange such as floor heating and road snow melting. Further, for example, the heat receiving portion 12 of the heat pipe 1 can be laid on the roof and used as a solar collector.

  In addition, a self-excited oscillating heat pipe in which a thin tube is reciprocated in a meandering manner is flexible and simple to lay, so it can be widely applied at low cost. Further, since the shape of the arrangement area is not limited, it can be applied to various places and is highly versatile.

  In addition, this invention is not limited to the said embodiment, A various deformation | transformation implementation is possible in the range which does not deviate from the summary of this invention. In addition, the specific configuration, material, and the like of each unit are not limited to those illustrated in the above embodiment, and can be changed as appropriate.

  For example, a configuration in which a part of a pipe line disposed in the heating unit 20 as the regulating unit 14 is disposed away from the heat source 21 and insulated is exemplified, but the configuration is not limited thereto. For example, heat insulation may be provided between the heat source 21 and the heat source 21. Further, the restriction unit 14 may be configured by cooling a part of the pipe line 10 arranged in the heating part 20, or a part of the pipe line 10 arranged in the cooling part 30 is insulated or It may be configured to be heated so that the heat dissipation amount is smaller than that of the heat dissipation portion 14. In these cases, the same effect as that of the first embodiment can be obtained by regulating the pressure vibration of the working fluid.

  For example, in the first embodiment, the configuration having the vertical portion 10B in part is illustrated, but the configuration is not limited thereto. For example, the heat pipe 1 may be arranged so as to be vertically or horizontally or inclined so that the heat pipe 1 as a whole constitutes a gravity generating unit.

  For example, as another embodiment, as in the heat pipe 2 shown in FIG. 5, it is possible to configure the gravity generating section by arranging the heat pipe 2 to be inclined with respect to the horizontal plane (XY plane). At this time, gravity can be generated by using the lower portion of the slope as the heat receiving portion 12 and the upper portion as the heat radiating portion 13. Moreover, a circulating flow can be produced | generated by heat-insulating a part of pipe line 10 distribute | arranged to the heating part 20, and comprising the control part 14. FIG. Also in this embodiment, the same effect as the first embodiment can be obtained.

  Moreover, in the said 1st Embodiment, although the heat receiving part 12 was arrange | positioned to the vertical part 10B and the heat radiating part 13 to 10 A of horizontal parts, the reverse may be sufficient. For example, in another embodiment, in the heat pipe 3 shown in FIG. 6, the heat receiving portion 12 is arranged in the horizontal portion 10 </ b> A, and the heat radiating portion 13 and the regulating portion 14 are alternately arranged in the vertical portion 10 </ b> B bent upward. In the heat pipe 3, the vapor bubbles evaporated in the heat receiving portion 12 move toward the heat radiating portion 13 bent upward, whereby the working fluid 40 is driven, cooled by the heat radiating portion 13, and condensed again. By repeating this, the operation of the working fluid 40 continues as in the first embodiment, and the heat transport capability can be maintained.

  Furthermore, for example, as another embodiment, in the heat pipe 4 shown in FIG. 7, the turn portions 11a and 11b on both sides bend upward to form the vertical portion 10B, and the pipe between them forms the horizontal portion 10A. . While heating side turn part 11a is heated and used as heat receiving part 12, one side of cooling side turn part 11b is cooled to form heat radiating part 13, and the other side is insulated to form regulation part 14. Also in this embodiment, the working fluid 40 of the heat receiving unit 12 evaporates and is driven upward, cooled by the heat radiating unit 13, and condensed again. By repeating this, the operation of the working fluid 40 continues as in the first embodiment, and the heat transport capability can be maintained.

  As another embodiment, the heat pipe 5 shown in FIG. 8 has a vertical portion 10 </ b> B formed by bending downward the turn portions 11 a and 11 b on both sides, opposite to the heat pipe 4. In this case, the drive part 50 can be formed by providing the restriction part 14 on the heating side. As a result, the working fluid 40 of the heat receiving unit 12 is evaporated and driven upward, cooled by the heat radiating unit 13, and condensed again. By repeating this, the operation of the working fluid 40 continues as in the first embodiment, and the heat transport capability can be maintained. In order to make the drive unit 50 effective, the regulating unit 14 is provided on the cooling side when the folded portion of the pipe line 10 is on the upper side as shown in FIG. 7 and on the heating side when it is on the lower side as shown in FIG. We decided to provide it.

  The heat pipe 6 shown in FIG. 9 as another embodiment is arranged along the vertical direction as a whole, and the heat receiving part 12 is arranged with the lower part as the heating side, and the heat radiation part 13 is arranged with the upper part as the cooling side. Furthermore, a part of each of the pipes 10 on the heating side and the cooling side is thermally insulated to constitute the restricting portion 14. In this embodiment, a circulating flow of the working fluid 40 can be generated using gravity by the driving unit 50 having the regulating unit 14, the heat receiving unit 12, and the heat radiating unit 13 in order in the axial direction. Also in this embodiment, the same effect as the first embodiment can be obtained.

  In the said embodiment, the heating part 20 and the cooling part 30 were provided, and the drive part 50 with which the thermal radiation part 13, the heat receiving part 12, and the control part 14 were continuously arranged in order along the axial direction was illustrated. However, for example, there may be a heat insulating part or the like as another temperature area between the heat radiating part 13 and the heat receiving part 12.

  Furthermore, the restriction part 14 may be provided every plural lines instead of every other, or the height positions of the restriction part 14 and the heat receiving part 12 may be different. Furthermore, a check valve for restricting the flow of the working fluid 40 may be used in the pipeline 10 to enhance the effect of the circulation flow.

  In the first embodiment, as an example, the heating unit 20 uses the heater 21 as a heating source, and the cooling unit 30 verifies the effect of heat transport as natural air cooling, but the example of the heating unit 20 cooling unit 30 includes these It is not limited. For example, the heating part (first area) can be a heat generating electronic device such as a CPU, a solar heat absorption surface, hot water or high-temperature exhaust gas, etc., and the cooling part (second area) can be a water cooling, radiation heat radiation surface, snow melting surface, etc. Yes, it can be applied to various uses including electronic equipment cooling, air conditioning, solar collector, snow melting equipment.

  Furthermore, the present invention can be realized even if some of the constituent features of the above-described embodiment are omitted.

  1-5 ... Self-excited vibration heat pipe, 10 ... Pipe line, 10A ... Horizontal part, 10B ... Vertical part (gravity generating part), 11a. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11b ... Turn part, 11c ... Bending part, 12 ... Heat receiving part, 13 ... Radiation part, 14 ... Control part, 20 ... Heating part (1st area), 21 ... Heater (heat source), 30 ... Cooling part (2nd area) 40 ... working fluid, 41 ... vapor bubble, 42 ... liquid column, 50 ... driving unit.

Claims (5)

A pipe having a gravity generating portion that reciprocates a plurality of times over a first area and a second area having a temperature lower than that of the first area, and at least a portion of which is arranged with its axial direction intersecting a horizontal plane;
A working fluid sealed in the pipe line,
The pipe has a heat receiving part that exchanges heat in the first area, a heat radiating part that exchanges heat in the second area, and a smaller amount of heat received than the heat receiving part on the first area side, or the second area. A self-excited oscillating heat pipe, characterized in that a drive unit having a heat release amount smaller than that of the heat release unit on the side and configured to restrict the operation of the working fluid is provided. The restriction part is configured such that a part of the pipe line arranged in the first area is insulated or cooled, or a part of the pipe line arranged in the second area is insulated or heated,
The drive unit is configured to include the heat radiating unit, the heat receiving unit, and the regulating unit in order in the axial direction,
In the driving unit, the working fluid evaporates in the heat receiving unit, condenses in the heat radiating unit, generates pressure vibrations, performs heat transport, and evaporates due to gravity due to a difference in height of the gravity generating unit. The self-excited vibration heat pipe according to claim 1, wherein the working fluid moves upward and the operation direction of the working fluid is regulated by the regulating unit.   The self-excited vibration heat pipe according to claim 2, wherein the pipe line is bent to constitute the gravity generating unit.   The self-excited vibration heat pipe according to claim 2, wherein the gravity generator is configured to be inclined with respect to a horizontal direction so that the pipe has a height difference. The pipe line is a loop type with both ends communicating with each other,
The drive unit and the gravity generation unit are provided at a plurality of locations of the pipeline,
The self-excited vibration heat pipe according to claim 2, wherein the restricting portion is provided so that pressure conditions are different between the forward path side and the return path side in a turn portion where the pipe line is folded.

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