JP2013087632A - Straight blade for vertical shaft type windturbine, and straight blade vertical shaft type windturbine - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a straight blade capable of achieving further light weight and low cost by reducing the number of parts compared with a conventional configuration while maintaining high strength.SOLUTION: The straight blade 1 used for a vertical shaft type windturbine so as to be rotated by wind comprises: a blade outline part body 4 having integrally a blade inner circumferential rim part 42 and a blade outer circumferential rim part 41 facing the vertical axis radial direction, and a blade front rim part 43 and a blade rear rim part 44 facing the rotation direction with an opening formed in the blade outer circumferential rim part 41; a lid part 5 fixed by welding at a position for closing the opening for providing a blade outline part 2 to have the blade cross-sectional shape formed together with the blade outline part body 4 in a wing-like shape; and a core material 3 having a zigzag blade cross-sectional shape disposed in the internal space of a blade outline part 2 having a plurality of vertex parts 31 to be fixed by welding while coming into contact with a first outline surface 21 in the blade outline part 2 and a plurality of vertex parts 32 to be fixed by welding while coming into contact with a second outline surface 22.

Description

  The present invention relates to a straight blade applied to a vertical axis wind turbine and a vertical axis wind turbine.

  Conventionally, there has been known a vertical axis type windmill in which a plurality of straight blades (also referred to as blades and windmill blades) are arranged around a rotatable vertical axis. In order to improve the power generation efficiency, this type of straight blade is required to be lightweight and strong enough to withstand strong winds and high-speed rotation.

  In order to meet such a demand, the applicant of the present invention is fixed at a predetermined pitch in the height direction with a plurality of aggregates arranged in a vertical orientation in the radial direction of the vertical axis and inserted in the aggregate. A straight wing having a frame structure composed of a large number of wing-like plates and an outer shape imparting plate (outer skin) stretched around the wing-like plate has been devised, and a patent application has already been filed (see Patent Document 1).

JP 2005-30375 A

  However, even with the straight wing described in Patent Document 1 that is reduced in weight and improved in strength, a plurality of aggregates are arranged in the radial direction of the vertical axis, or a large number of winged plates are arranged at a predetermined pitch in the vertical direction. Since it is necessary to arrange them, the number of parts is large, and each part is fixed to other parts by welding or rivets, and it is considered that there is room for further improvement in this respect.

  The present invention has been made paying attention to such points, and the main purpose thereof is a straight line that can achieve further weight reduction and lower cost by reducing the number of parts than the conventional one while maintaining high strength. It is to provide a vertical axis type wind turbine provided with a blade and such a straight blade.

  That is, the present invention is applied to a vertical axis type windmill having a vertical shaft that is arranged in a vertical posture and is rotatable, and relates to a straight blade that can be rotated in the rotation direction of the vertical axis by wind.

  The straight blade of the present invention integrally has a blade inner peripheral edge and a blade outer peripheral edge facing in the radial direction of the vertical axis, and a blade leading edge and a blade trailing edge facing in the rotational direction. A blade outer shell body having a certain blade cross-sectional shape with an opening formed on one of the inner peripheral edge or the blade outer peripheral edge, and a blade cross-sectional shape together with the blade outer shell body fixed by welding at a position to close the opening. A lid part that constitutes a wing outer part that is an airfoil, and an inner space of the wing outer part that has a hollow cylindrical shape are arranged through an opening and contacts one surface of the wing outer part that faces the radial direction of the vertical axis The blade cross-sectional shape having one or more first vertex portions fixed by welding in a state of being welded and two or more second vertex portions fixed by welding in a state of being in contact with the other surface is composed of a zigzag core material It is characterized by that.

  Here, “one surface facing the radial direction of the vertical axis in the blade outer portion” is a surface formed by either the inner peripheral edge or the outer peripheral edge of the blade outer main body, The other surface of the outer shell portion that faces the radial direction of the vertical axis is a surface formed by the other of the blade inner peripheral edge portion or the blade outer peripheral edge portion of the blade outer shell main body. The straight wing of the present invention forms an opening over the entire length in the longitudinal direction on either the blade inner peripheral edge or the blade outer peripheral edge of the blade outer shell body, and is fixed at a position where the opening is closed. The lid part and the wing outer part main body that are arranged constitute a wing outer part whose wing cross-sectional shape is an airfoil. Therefore, the lid portion forms a part of one of the surfaces of the blade outer portion facing the radial direction of the vertical axis.

  In the case of such a straight blade, the core material is accommodated from the opening in the inner space of the hollow blade outer portion having a blade shape of the blade shape, and the first apex portion and the second portion of the zigzag core material are formed. Since the apex part is fixed by welding in contact with the surface of the blade outer part that faces the radial direction of the vertical axis, the blade cross-sectional shape of the blade outer part is maintained in the desired airfoil shape by this core material. The strength to withstand wind and high-speed rotation can be obtained. In addition, since the surface facing the rotation direction of the vertical blade in the blade outer portion whose blade cross-section is an airfoil has high bending rigidity, the object to be fixed by welding with the apex of the core material in contact is fixed It can be limited to the surface facing in the radial direction.

  Furthermore, the straight wing according to the present embodiment is configured such that the wing outer portion is composed of only two members of the wing outer portion main body and the lid portion, and the core material is accommodated and fixed in the wing outer portion. In combination with the material, it can be composed of only three members, and the number of parts can be reduced and the weight can be further reduced as compared with the conventional straight blade. In addition, since a part of the wing outer part is composed of a lid part, the core material can be easily put into the wing outer part body from the opening of the wing outer part body before fixing the lid part to the wing outer part body. And it can accommodate smoothly.

  In the present invention, in order to efficiently increase the number of welded portions between the core material and the blade outer portion while enhancing the rigidity of the core material itself, it is preferable to apply a core material having a W-shaped cross section.

  In addition, the vertical axis wind turbine of the present invention includes a vertical axis that is arranged in a vertical posture and is rotatable, and a plurality of the above-described straight blades that are arranged around the vertical axis along the rotation direction of the vertical axis. It is a feature. The number of straight blades is not particularly limited as long as it is two or more.

  With such a vertical axis wind turbine, the power generation efficiency can be further improved by directly reducing the weight of the blades.

  According to the present invention, the blade outer section main body and the lid section form a blade outer section having a blade shape in the shape of a blade, and each apex of the core material having a zigzag shape in the blade section has an inward surface of the blade outer section. By welding in a state where it is in contact with the wing, it is possible to obtain a straight wing with a very simple structure that accommodates the core material in the inner space of the wing outline, for example, arranging a large number of wing plates at a predetermined pitch in the height direction Compared to the straight wing, we provide a straight wing that can maintain the effective strength and achieve further weight reduction while having a small number of parts of 3 parts, and a vertical axis wind turbine equipped with such a straight wing. can do.

1 is an overall schematic view of a vertical axis wind turbine provided with straight blades according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is an overall schematic diagram of a straight wing according to the embodiment. Cross-sectional view of a straight wing according to the same embodiment FIG. 4 is an exploded view of the straight wing shown in FIG. 3. The figure which shows typically the welding process of the linear blade | wing concerning the embodiment.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the straight blade 1 according to this embodiment is also referred to as a straight blade vertical axis windmill X (also referred to as “straight blade Darrieus windmill”). A part). The vertical axis type windmill X includes a vertical axis A that is rotatably arranged in a vertical posture and a plurality of straight blades 1 that are attached in the circumferential direction of the vertical axis A. The straight blades 1 are arranged symmetrically about the vertical axis A in plan view. Although FIG. 1 shows a vertical axis wind turbine X having two straight blades 1, three or more straight blades 1 may be arranged around the vertical axis A at an equal pitch.

  At the upper end portion of the vertical axis A, a holding portion C that can hold the support member B that supports the straight blade 1 is provided. The vertical axis wind turbine X of the present embodiment is configured so that the upper end side and the lower end side of the straight blade 1 are supported by the support member B, respectively. The vertical axis A is rotatably supported via a bearing E in a state where the lower end side region is accommodated in a vertical axis holding part D indicated by a one-dot chain line. In this embodiment, the vertical axis holding part D is fixed on a pedestal installed on the foundation. Further, by connecting a generator G to the lower end portion of the vertical axis A through an appropriate speed change mechanism F, the vertical axis windmill X functions as a wind power generator.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the straight blade 1 includes a blade outer portion 2 having an outer shape that is a straight blade shape used in a general vertical axis wind turbine, and a core material 3 that can be accommodated in an internal space 2 </ b> S of the blade outer portion 2. It is equipped with. The straight blade 1 is arranged in a vertically long posture, and is a long object in which the blade cross-sectional shape (cross-sectional shape in the horizontal direction) at any location is the same.

  The blade outer portion 2 is a first outer surface 21 that is convex in the radial direction of the vertical axis A (corresponding to “one surface of the blade outer surface facing the radial direction of the vertical axis” of the present invention). And a second outer surface 22 that forms a surface facing the first outer surface 21 in the radial direction R of the vertical axis A and has a convex streamline shape in the radial direction of the vertical axis A (the “blade outer portion of the present invention”). The other surface facing the radial direction of the vertical axis), the blade leading edge region 23, which is the region on the tip end side in the rotational direction T of the linear blade 1 rotating by receiving wind, and the rotation of the vertical axis A It has a blade trailing edge region 24 which is a region on the rear end side in the direction T. The rotation direction of the straight blade 1 is the same as the rotation direction of the vertical axis A. Further, the second outer surface 22 may be a flat surface, but in this embodiment, the second outer surface 22 is a convex curved surface (first outer surface 21) that is looser than the first outer surface 21. Curved surface that is closer to a straight line). Further, the blade leading edge region 23 is a smooth curved surface that connects the tip end portions of the first outer surface 21 and the second outer surface 22, and the blade trailing edge region 24 includes the first outer surface 21 and the second outer surface 21. The rear ends of the surface 22 are connected to form an almost acute angle. It should be noted that the first outer surface corresponding to the “one surface of the blade outer portion facing the radial direction of the vertical axis” in the present invention is a surface that is a concave streamline in the radial direction of the vertical axis A. Or a second outer surface corresponding to the “other surface of the blade outer surface facing the radial direction of the vertical axis” of the present invention is a concave streamline in the radial direction of the vertical axis A It can also be set to a face.

  In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, the second outer surface 22, the blade leading edge region 23, and the blade trailing edge region 24 are configured by a single blade outer body 4, and the first outer surface is formed. 21 is constituted by a blade outer shell main body 4 and a lid portion 5 for closing an opening 4K formed in the blade outer shell main body 4. That is, the wing outer portion main body 4 of the present embodiment includes a wing outer peripheral portion 41 that forms a part of the first outer surface 21, a wing inner peripheral portion 42 that forms the second outer surface 22, and a wing leading edge region. The blade front edge 43 forming the blade 23 and the blade trailing edge 44 forming the blade trailing edge region 24 are integrally formed of a thin metal foil (for example, stainless steel foil). An opening 4K is formed in the wing outer peripheral edge 41 over the entire longitudinal direction, and the lid 5 is covered with the wing outer peripheral edge 41 in the state where the opening 4K is covered with the lid 5. A first outer surface 21 is formed. The lid 5 is made of a thin plate-like metal foil (for example, stainless steel foil) similarly to the blade outer shell main body 4, and the plate thickness is substantially the same as the plate thickness of the blade outer shell main body 4. In the present embodiment, the dimension along the opening width direction of the opening 4K formed in the blade outer peripheral edge 41 in the lid 5 (the width dimension of the lid 5) is set larger than the opening width dimension of the opening 4K. In addition, the inward surface of the lid 5 is configured to face the outward surface of the blade outer peripheral edge 41 at the opening edge 4Ka of the opening 4K. In this embodiment, the “inward surface” is a surface facing the inner space 2S side of the wing outer portion 2, and the “outward surface” is the “anti-inward surface”, that is, the inner space 2S side of the wing outer portion 2. It means the surface opposite to the facing surface.

  The wing outline part main body 4 is formed, for example, by bending or curving a portion of a single metal foil as appropriate so as to form the above-described surfaces. The lid 5 is formed, for example, by bending a single metal foil into an appropriate shape.

  The core material 3 has the same height as the blade outer shell 2 and has a blade cross-sectional shape set to a W shape. The W-shaped core material 3 has five apex portions 31. The three apex portions 31 come into contact with the first outer surface 21 while being accommodated in the wing outer shell portion 2, and the two apex portions 32 are the first apex portions 32. 2 is in contact with the outer surface 22. In the following description, the vertex portion 31 that contacts the first outer surface 21 among the vertex portions 31 of the core material 3 is referred to as a “first outer surface side vertex portion 31” (corresponding to the “first vertex portion” of the present invention). The vertex portion 32 that contacts the second outer surface 22 is referred to as a “second outer surface side vertex portion 32” (corresponding to the “second vertex portion” of the present invention). Further, among the first outer surface side apex portion 31, the first outer surface side apex portion 31 disposed in the vicinity of the opening edge 4Ka of the opening 4K formed in the outer peripheral edge portion 41 of the wing outer portion main body 4 is opened. The first outer surface side apex portion 31 is formed in an L-shape that is in contact with the opening edge 4Ka of the portion 4K and also in contact with the outward surface of the blade outer peripheral edge portion 41, and the opening portion 4K is closed by the lid portion 5. Is set so as to be sandwiched between the outward face of the blade outer peripheral edge 41 and the inward face of the lid 5. Therefore, in the vicinity of the opening edge 4Ka of the opening 4K, the blade outer peripheral edge 41, the first outer surface side apex 31 of the core member 3, and the lid 5 overlap in order from the inner space 2S side of the blade outer shell 2. The core material 3 is formed, for example, by bending a single metal foil (for example, stainless steel foil) into an appropriate shape.

  Next, the manufacturing procedure of such a straight blade 1 will be described.

  First, the core material 3 is inserted into the inner space 2S of the blade outer shell portion 2 through the opening 4K formed in the blade outer peripheral edge portion 41 of the blade outer shell body 4 (core material insertion step), and the second of the blade outer shell portion 2 is inserted. It fixes by the welding process in the state which made the 2nd outer surface side vertex part 32 of the core material 3 contact the inward surface of the outer surface 22 (primary welding process). Here, the inward surface of the second outer surface 22 of the wing outer portion 2 is an inward surface of the inner peripheral edge portion 42 of the wing outer portion main body 4. At the end of the primary welding process, it is possible to access the first outer surface side apex portion 31 of the core material 3 from the opening 4K of the blade outer peripheral edge 41 that is open.

  Next, when the lid 5 is disposed at a position where the opening 4K of the blade outer peripheral edge 41 is closed to form the first outer surface 21, the first outer surface of the core member 3 is formed on the inward surface of the first outer surface 21. It will be in the state which the side vertex part 31 contacted, and a contact location is fixed by a welding process in this state (secondary welding process). Here, the inward surface of the second outer surface 22 of the wing outer portion 2 is an inward surface of the wing inner peripheral portion 42 of the wing outer portion main body 4 and an inward surface of the lid portion 5. In the present embodiment, as described above, in the state where the opening 4K of the blade outer peripheral edge 41 is closed by the lid 5, in the vicinity of the opening edge 4Ka of the opening 4K, the outward surface of the blade outer peripheral edge 41 and the lid A first outer surface side apex portion 31 is sandwiched between the inward surface of the portion 5. Therefore, by performing welding processing on the portion where the blade outer peripheral edge portion 41, the first outer surface side apex portion 31 of the core material 3, and the lid portion 5 overlap in order from the inner space 2S side of the blade outer shell portion 2, Can be fixed together. In this case, since the lid portion 5 forms a part of the first outer surface 21, the configuration in which the first outer surface side apex portion 31 is brought into contact with the inward surface of the lid portion 5 and is welded. It can be said that the apex portion 31 is brought into contact with the inward surface of the first outer surface 21 and is welded. Further, among the three first outer surface side apex portions 31 in the core material 3, the central first outer surface side apex portion 31 is fixed by a welding process in a state of being in contact with the inward surface of the lid portion 5. is there.

  In the present embodiment, the YAG laser welding process is performed in the primary welding process and the secondary welding process. By applying the YAG laser welding process, it is possible to prevent or suppress the occurrence of distortion at the welded portion, and to form a highly accurate finished surface (welded surface). Specifically, as shown in FIG. 5, in the first welding process and the second welding process, each vertex portion 31 (first outer surface side vertex portion 31, second outer surface side vertex portion) of the core material 3. 32) with the welding jig J disposed at a position where the welding jig J is pressed against the first outer surface 21 or the second outer surface 22 of the blade outer portion 2 from the inner space 2S side of the blade outer portion 2, the laser from the nozzle N A welding process is performed in which the light is condensed at the welding location to melt and integrate the metal foil. Here, in the primary welding process, the welding jig J can be inserted into the inner space 2S of the blade outer shell 2 from the opening 4K of the blade outer peripheral edge 41. On the other hand, since the second welding process is a process performed in a state where the opening 4K of the blade outer peripheral edge 41 is covered with the lid 5, the welding jig J is connected to the inner space of the blade outer shell 2 from the opening 4K. It is impossible to insert in 2S. Therefore, in the secondary welding process, the welding jig J may be inserted into the inner space 2S of the blade outer portion 2 from the open end portion of the blade outer portion 2 in the longitudinal direction. The timing for taking out the welding jig J from the inner space 2S of the blade outer shell 2 may be every time when the welding process at each welding point is completed, or after the welding process at all welding points is completed. There may be. 3 to 5, for convenience of explanation, the plate thicknesses of the blade outer shell body 4, the core material 3, and the lid portion 5 are exaggerated, and the first outer shell surface 21 has a region in the vicinity of the opening edge 4 Ka. Although there is a step, the actual first outer surface 21 is finished to a smooth streamlined surface as a whole.

  By passing through the above procedure, the blade outer body 4, the lid 5 and the core material 3 are fixed inseparably, and the straight blade 1 in which the core material 3 is accommodated in the internal space 2 </ b> S of the blade outer wall 2 is manufactured. Can do.

  In the straight blade 1 having such a configuration, the core material 3 is accommodated in the internal space 2S of the hollow blade outer shell portion 2 whose blade cross-sectional shape is an airfoil, and the apex portions 31 and 32 of the core material 3 are placed on the blade outer shell. Since the inward surface of the first outer surface 21 of the part 2 and the inward surface of the second outer surface 22 are brought into contact with each other, the blade 3 is maintained in a desired airfoil shape by the core material 3. It can withstand wind and high-speed rotation. Moreover, the straight wing 1 according to the present embodiment is configured such that the wing outer portion 2 is composed of two parts of the wing outer portion main body 4 and the lid portion 5 and the core material 3 is accommodated and fixed in the wing outer portion 2. Therefore, it can be configured with only three parts, and the number of parts can be reduced and the weight can be further reduced as compared with the conventional straight blade. Further, with the vertical blade 1 of the present embodiment, the manufacturing cost (manufacturing cost) can be reduced by reducing the number of parts.

  In particular, since the straight blade 1 according to the present embodiment uses the core member 3 having a W-shaped cross section, the total five apex portions 31 and 32 are connected to the inward surface of the first outer surface 21 and the first outer surface 21. 2. The inward surface of the outer surface 22 can be contacted at a plurality of locations, and the strength of the straight blade 1 can be effectively improved while having a simple shape.

  And if it is the vertical axis type windmill X (vertical axis type wind power generator) provided with such a straight blade 1, the power generation by a vertical blade which realized the weight reduction while ensuring required intensity | strength is attained, and electric power generation Efficiency can be improved.

  In addition, this invention is not limited to embodiment mentioned above. For example, the position where the opening is formed in the wing outer body may be the wing inner peripheral edge instead of the wing outer peripheral edge. It is also possible to arrange the straight wings so that the first outer surface is a relatively inner surface in the radial direction of the vertical axis and the second outer surface is a relatively outer surface. In this case, the outer peripheral edge of the wing outer body forms the second outer surface of the wing outer part, and the inner peripheral edge of the wing outer body forms the first outer surface of the wing outer part. become. In addition, the object which the 1st vertex part of a core material contacts may be any of the 1st outer surface or the 2nd outer surface of a blade outer shell part. Specifically, the first outer surface side apex portion 31 in the embodiment described above can be brought into contact with the second outer surface 22, and the second outer surface side apex portion 32 can be brought into contact with the first outer surface 21. . In this case, the number of vertex portions that contact the second outer surface is greater than the number of vertex portions that contact the first outer surface.

  Furthermore, if the plate thickness of the core material is set to be relatively larger than the plate thicknesses of the blade outer shell body and the lid portion constituting the blade outer shell, further improvement in the strength of the straight blade can be expected. Furthermore, if the plate thickness of the blade shell main body and the lid part constituting the blade shell is set as thin as possible within a range satisfying the strength required for the blade shell, the weight of the entire straight blade is further reduced. be able to.

  As the core material, one having a blade cross-sectional shape of V shape or N shape, or a shape obtained by appropriately combining V shape, N shape, or W shape can be applied. By appropriately changing or selecting the blade cross-sectional shape of the core material, contact one surface (first outer surface) facing the radial direction of the vertical axis and the other surface facing the radial direction of the vertical axis, respectively. The number of vertexes to be changed can be changed or adjusted.

  Moreover, you may fix the contact location of a blade outer shell part and a core material by welding processes other than a YAG laser welding process.

  In addition, the specific configuration of each part is not limited to the above embodiment, and various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Straight wing | blade 2 ... Blade outer part 21 ... One surface (1st outer surface) which faces the radial direction of a perpendicular axis
22 ... The other surface (second outer surface) facing the radial direction of the vertical axis
2S ... Internal space 3 ... Core 31 ... First vertex (first outer surface side vertex)
32 ... 2nd vertex part (2nd outer surface side vertex part)
4 ... Blade outer body 41 ... Blade outer peripheral edge 42 ... Blade inner peripheral edge 43 ... Blade front edge 44 ... Blade rear edge 4K ... Opening 5 ... Lid A ... Vertical axis X ... Vertical axis windmill

Claims (3)

A straight wing that is applied to a vertical axis type windmill having a vertical axis that is arranged in a vertical posture and is rotatable, and is rotatable in the rotation direction of the vertical axis by wind,
The blade inner peripheral edge and blade outer peripheral edge facing the radial direction of the vertical axis and the blade leading edge and blade trailing edge facing the rotation direction are integrally formed, and the blade inner peripheral edge or the blade A wing outer body having a certain blade cross-sectional shape with an opening formed on one of the outer peripheral edges,
A lid portion which is fixed by welding at a position for closing the opening and forms a blade outer portion with a blade cross-sectional shape together with the blade outer portion main body;
One or more fixed by welding in a state of being in contact with one surface of the blade outer surface facing the radial direction of the vertical axis, which is disposed through the opening in the inner space of the blade outer shell that is hollow cylindrical A blade having a zigzag-shaped core having a blade cross-sectional shape having two or more second vertices fixed by welding in contact with the first vertex and the other surface of the straight wing . The straight blade according to claim 1, wherein the blade has a W-shaped cross section. The vertical axis | shaft arrange | positioned by the vertical attitude | position and which can be rotated, and the vertical wing | blade of Claim 1 or 2 arrange | positioned along the rotation direction of a vertical axis | shaft around the said vertical axis | shaft is provided, The vertical characterized by the above-mentioned. Axial windmill.

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