JP2013085537A - Greening method utilizing myrmecochory seed, and washer used in the method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a greening method utilizing myrmecochory seeds by which an increase in a germination ratio of myrmecochory seeds on a surface to be greened and a reduction in a withered rate of the seeds are widely attained: and to provide a washer used in the method.SOLUTION: The greening method utilizing myrmecochory seeds includes: driving a fixing nail 6 piecing through a washer 5 in a retained condition from above a vegetation body 4 which is laid on the surface to be greened and in which myrmecochory seeds 1 are covered with net-like or sheet-like holding members 2, 3 to retain the seeds; and pressing the holding members 2, 3 by the washer 5 to settle the vegetation body 4 on the surface to be greened. The washer 5 includes: a hole peripheral part 8 forming the edge of a fixing-nail hole 7 into which the fixing nail 6 is inserted; and a pressing part 9 continued to the hole peripheral part 8 and pressing the holding members 2, 3. The pressing part 9 is structured so as to surround a space 10 for growing the plants or sandwich the space from any direction, or so as to be adjacent to the space 10 in the peripheral direction of the hole peripheral part 8.

Description

  The present invention relates to, for example, a greening method using ant sprayed seeds that is carried out by fixing a turfgrass body holding ant sprayed seeds or a vegetation mat on a surface to be planted, and a washer used for this method.

  Ant-spreaded seeds (seeds of ant-sprinkled plants) have appendages (substances containing fatty acids such as oleic acid, amino acids such as glutamic acid, and sugars such as sucrose) that contain ants called elaiosomes. The ants are attracted to it and carry the seeds to the nest. Only the elaiosome part is stored in the nest, and the seed body is thrown out of the nest together with the soil or is thrown away in a garbage dump in the nest. In general, ant nests are present in nutrient-rich places, so ant spray seeds are firmly rooted at the point where they are carried by ants.

JP-A-7-158071

  However, when seeds of centipedes, which are a kind of ant spray plant, are used in a revegetation method (vegetation sheet work) as shown in Patent Document 1, for example, most of the seeds are taken away from the surface to be replanted by ants. Even if some seeds remain, there are cases where the seeds are withered by weed pressure, and in any case, the desired greening is not achieved. As ant countermeasures, it is difficult and costly to completely prevent ants from entering the greening target surface even if the ants that live on the greening target surface are eradicated in advance and a repellent is used. Similarly, no effective means has been established for countermeasures against weeds. In addition, it is thought that the same problem will arise also when not only seeds of centipede but other ant spray seeds are used for the greening method.

  The present invention has been made in consideration of the above-mentioned matters, and the purpose of the present invention is to provide an ant spray that can realize an improvement in germination rate of ant spray seeds and a reduction in a withering rate over a wide range at a low cost over a wide range. The object is to provide a greening method using seeds and a washer used for this method.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the greening method using ant-spreaded seeds according to the present invention is a method of planting a vegetation in a state where the ant-spreaded seeds are laid on the surface to be planted and covered with a net-like or sheet-like holding member. From this, it is a greening method using ant sprayed seeds that drives a peg that penetrates the washer in a retaining state, presses the holding member by the washer, and fixes the vegetation on the greening target surface,
The washer has a hole edge portion that forms an edge of a hole for a nail into which the peg is inserted, and a pressing portion that is continuous with the hole edge portion and presses the holding member. It surrounds the space for, or is pinched | interposed from arbitrary directions, or it is comprised so that it may adjoin to the circumferential direction of the said hole edge site | part with respect to the said space.

  In the greening method, the washer is a member having a plurality of holes such as a lattice shape, a spider web shape, a wheel shape, a honeycomb shape, and a punching metal shape, and the plurality of holes serve as the space, and the plurality of holes A part or all of the holes may be configured so as to be usable as a peg hole (claim 2).

  In the greening method using ant-spreaded seeds, the washer is composed of a plurality of long plate-like bodies that are stacked in different directions, and each long plate-like body overlaps with the other long plate-like body. A hole edge portion may be formed (claim 3).

  In the greening method using ant-spreaded seeds, the pressing portion of the washer may be formed in a radial shape, a spiral shape, or a branched shape (Claim 4).

  In the greening method using ant-spreaded seeds, the washer having at least ant-sprinkled seeds mounted on one side may be arranged so that the one side faces the greening target side (Claim 5).

  On the other hand, in order to achieve the above object, the washer according to the present invention is used in the greening method using ant-spreaded seeds according to any one of claims 1 to 5 (claim 6).

  In the invention according to each claim, a greening method using ant-spreaded seeds and a washer used for this method can improve the germination rate of ant-sprinkled seeds on the surface to be replanted and reduce the withering rate over a wide range at a low cost. Is obtained.

  That is, in the tree planting method of the present invention, it is possible to easily enlarge the area of the holding member that is pressed directly or indirectly by the washer (pressing portion thereof), and to expand the space for plant growth. Therefore, it is possible to expand the area where the germination rate of ant sprayed seeds increases due to prevention of ant seed removal and suppression of weed growth.

  Furthermore, in the portion along the inner and outer edges (contour lines) of the washer used in the greening method of the present invention, the moisture state important for the growth of ant sprayed seeds is improved (water retention is improved), the plant height is lower and the other Even an ant sprayed plant such as centipedea that is susceptible to pressure by weeds (with a high rate of withering) increases the growth speed of its seeds and the elongation speed of the stems and grows healthy, making it difficult to be pressured. In other words, in this greening method, not only the germination rate of ant sprayed seeds can be increased but also the area where the withering rate is reduced can be expanded, which leads to certain greening. In addition, the key is an inexpensive washer, and it is not always necessary to increase the number of washers, so that greening using ant sprayed seeds can be realized at low cost.

  In particular, in the greening method of the invention according to claim 5, the ant sprayed seeds are brought into close contact with the ground via the holding member, and the ant sprayed plants can be grown healthy while preventing the ants from taking away the ant sprayed seeds. It becomes possible.

(A) And (B) is the perspective view and sectional drawing which show roughly the structure of the vegetation body used with the tree planting method which concerns on one embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view of the washer used for the greening method. It is a perspective view which shows the modification of the said washer. It is a top view of a spider web washer. It is a top view of a wheel-shaped washer. It is a perspective view of the washer which consists of two long plate-like bodies. It is a top view of the washer which has a radial press part. (A) And (B) is the top view and sectional drawing of a washer which have a spiral shaped press part. It is a top view of the conventional washer.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, in the greening method using ant sprayed seeds according to one embodiment of the present invention, ant sprayed seeds (for example, centipede seeds) 1 laid on a greening target surface (for example, slope) are used. A nail 6 that penetrates the washer 5 in a retaining state from above the vegetation (in this example, a turf body) that is covered and held by the net 2 and the sheet 3 (an example of a net-like or sheet-like holding member, respectively). The net 2 and the sheet 3 are pressed by the washer 5 to fix the vegetation 4 on the greening target surface.

  The vegetation body 4 is formed by integrating the sheet 3 with a water-soluble paste (eg, polyvinyl alcohol) on the back surface of the net 2 and using the water-soluble paste on the back surface of the sheet 3 in addition to the ant spray seed 1, fertilizer, organic This is a dispersion / deposition of a base material for vegetation soil (not shown).

  Here, the constituent material of the net 2 includes, for example, corrosive materials (vegetable fibers such as cotton, silk, hemp, jute, etc., regenerated fibers such as viscose rayon), and corrosion resistant materials (synthetic fibers such as polyethylene and polypropylene). , Strong rayon, anticorrosive corrosive material, etc.), and blended fibers composed of corrosive fibers and anticorrosive fibers can be used.

  Examples of the constituent material of the sheet 3 include sufu cotton, sufu-based nonwoven fabric, pulp-based nonwoven fabric, and soluble paper that do not interfere with germination and growth of the seed 1.

  The washer 5 has a hole edge portion 8 that forms an edge of a hole 7 for a nail into which the peg 6 is inserted, and a pressing portion 9 that continues to the hole edge portion 8 and presses the net 2 and the sheet 3. 9 is comprised so that the space 10 for plant growth may be enclosed (refer FIG. 2). Then, when the nail 6 is driven into the greening target surface so as to penetrate the peg hole 7 of the washer 5, the washer 5 is fitted and locked to the head 6a of the nail 6 in a retaining state. Note that the washer 5 is preferably made of plastic because it has a certain degree of flexibility rather than being too hard, and is more likely to adhere (adhere) to the surface to be greened such as a slope. Also good.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the washer 5 of this example is a lattice-shaped member having a plurality of holes 11. The central hole 11 is a peg hole 7, and the other holes 11 are for plant growth. It becomes space 10. However, each hole 11 of the washer 5 of this example can be used as both the nail hole 7 and the space 10.

  In order to properly evaluate the technical significance of this greening method, it is helpful to understand the following facts. That is, when the seeds of centipedes (a kind of ant sprayed seeds) are held on a turfgrass body (see, for example, Patent Document 1) that is fixed using a washer 13 (see FIG. 9) formed in a well-known circular collar shape. However, the present inventor has confirmed that the germination rate is increased only in the vicinity of the periphery of the washer 13. This is considered to be because the pressing of the turf body by the washer 13 contributes to the prevention of seed removal by ants and the suppression of the growth of weeds. However, it is uneconomical to increase the number of washers 13 because it is so, and the press itself by the washers 13 serves to suppress not only weeds but also the germination of the seeds 1, so that the washers 13 are merely used. By simply enlarging the shape with a circular collar, it is covered with this washer 13 so that the plants cannot germinate and grow (mainly, the distance d from the washer 13 to the outer periphery 13a of the washer 13 exceeds 5 mm). Range) A1 spreads and almost no improvement in germination rate over a wide range can be expected, and greening, which is the intended purpose, may not be achieved.

  In this respect, in this greening method in which the washer 5 is not a circular collar but a lattice, the area of the net 2 and the sheet 3 that are directly or indirectly pressed by the washer 5 (the pressing portion 9). Can be easily expanded, and the expansion can be performed while securing the space 10 for plant growth, so the germination rate of the seed 1 is derived from prevention of the removal of the seed 1 by ants and suppression of the growth of weeds. Can be expanded.

  Furthermore, in the portion along the inner and outer edges (outline) of the grid-like washer 5 used in this greening method, the moisture state important for the growth of the seed 1 is improved (water retention is improved), and the plant height is lower. Even centipedes that are susceptible to pressure by weeds (high withering rate) increase the growth speed of the seeds 1 and the elongation speed of the stems and grow healthy and become difficult to be pressured. That is, in this greening method, the protection area of the ant sprayed plant in which not only the germination rate of the seed 1 is increased but also the withering rate is reduced can be expanded, which leads to reliable greening. Moreover, the key is the inexpensive washer 5, and it is not always necessary to increase the number of washers 5. Therefore, the above effect can be achieved at a low cost.

  Here, the size of the washer 5 can be, for example, 5 cm square to 10 cm square. In other words, if the washer 5 is too small, the protection area cannot be expanded, and even if the washer 5 is too large, the range in which the pressing force from the nail 6 reaches the washer 5 is limited, so that the cost is low. Is just a waste.

  In addition, this invention is not limited to said embodiment at all, Of course, it can change and implement variously in the range which does not deviate from the summary of this invention. For example, the following modifications can be given.

  The vegetation body 4 is not limited to the turf turf body shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B, and may be, for example, a turf turf body without the net 2, or a vegetation mat having a pocket for attaching a fertilizer bag. . However, it is desirable to have a net-like or sheet-like holding member that covers and holds the seed 1 when laid on the greening target surface.

  FIG. 1A shows an example in which the washers 5 are arranged in a matrix (matrix). However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the washers 5 are arranged in a staggered manner as indicated by a two-dot chain line in FIG. May be.

  A plurality of pegs 6 may be inserted into different locations (peg holes 7) of one washer 5.

  In FIGS. 1A and 2, the washer 5 is represented as having a substantially square (rectangular) outer edge. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the washer 5 has a substantially circular shape as shown in FIG. 3. It may have an outer edge, or may have an outer edge such as another polygonal shape or a star shape.

  The washer 5 can be variously modified in addition to the shape exemplified above, and some typical modifications thereof will be described below with reference to FIGS.

  As the washer 5 having the pressing portion 9 surrounding the plant growth space 10, a plurality of types such as a spider web shape (see FIG. 4), a wheel shape (see FIG. 5), a honeycomb shape, and a punching metal shape other than the lattice shape. A plurality of holes are spaces 10, and a part or all of the plurality of holes can also be used as the peg holes 7. The thing etc. can be mentioned.

  The washer 5 having the pressing portion 9 that sandwiches the plant growth space 10 from an arbitrary direction is composed of a plurality of (for example, two) long plate-like bodies 12 that are stacked in different directions. In addition to the one in which the hole edge portion 8 is formed in a portion overlapping the other long plate-like body 12 in the shape body 12 (see FIG. 6), the pressure portion 9 is formed radially (see FIG. 7), Examples include those formed in a spiral shape (see FIGS. 8A and 8B), those formed in a branched shape, and plate-like ones having one or more notch grooves constituting the space 10. Can do. When the washer 5 is composed of a plurality of long plate-like bodies 12, a part or all of the long plate-like bodies 12 are, for example, mesh-shaped, or one end or both ends of a part or all of the long plate-like bodies 12. May be branched, bent or curved.

  As the washer 5 having the pressing part 9 configured so as to be adjacent to the space 10 for plant growth in the circumferential direction of the hole edge part 8, the washer 5 shown in FIGS. Examples include a structure in which the pressing portion 9 extending in eight directions from 8 extends in only one direction.

  In the above embodiment, the seed 1 is mounted on the back surface of the sheet 3. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, at least the seed 1 is mounted on one side of the washer 5, and the single side is the greening target surface side (lower side). You may make it arrange | position the washer 5 so that it may face. In this way, by attaching the seed 1 to the greening target side of the washer 5, the seed 1 is surely in close contact with the ground (via the sheet 3 or the like), while preventing the ant from taking away the seed 1 It becomes possible to grow ant spray plants healthy. For example, if the washer 5 is mesh-shaped as shown in FIG. 2, the ant spray plant grows from the gap between the meshes, and even if the washer 5 is not mesh-shaped as shown in FIG. 6, it grows from the edge of the washer 5. It will be.

  Here, in the case where the above-described conventionally known circular collar-shaped washer 13 (see FIG. 9) is used, in the range A1 where the distance d to the outer periphery 13a of the washer 13 is more than 5 mm, the plant is covered. Germination growth becomes impossible. On the other hand, even in the range A covered with the washer 13, the plant can germinate and grow in the range A2 where the distance d to the outer periphery 13a of the washer 13 is within 5 mm. Similarly, even in the range covered by the pressing part 9 of the various washers 5 described above, the distance (shortest distance) to the contour line (or the plant growth space 10) of the pressing part 9 is within 5 mm. Plant germination and growth are possible. For example, when using a washer 5 having a mesh shape as shown in FIG. 2, the entire range covered by the pressing portion 9 of the washer 5 is within 5 mm from the contour line of the pressing portion 9. It is very easy to configure the washer 5 in such a way. The same applies to the washer 5 as shown in FIGS. 3 to 5, 7, and 8. Further, even when the washer 5 constituted by the long plate-like body 12 is used as shown in FIG. 6, if the width w (see FIG. 6) of the long plate-like body 12 is 10 mm, the pressing portion of the washer 5 is pressed. All the ranges covered with 9 are within 5 mm of the distance to the contour line of the pressing part 9.

  That is, the pressing part 9 of each washer 5 is within a predetermined value within a predetermined value for the entire range covered by the pressing part 9 while keeping the (shortest) distance to the contour line of the pressing part 9 (or the plant growth space 10). Since the pressing part 9 has a shape that can theoretically be expanded in the direction away from the hole edge part 8 in theory, the entire range covered by the pressing part 9 of the washer 5 is up to the contour line of the pressing part 9. The pressing portion 9 can be configured so that the distance is within 5 mm. Such a configuration is preferable for improving the germination rate of the seed 1, but it does not necessarily have to be configured in this way.

  Further, when the seed 1 is mounted on one side of the washer 5 as described above, in addition to the seed 1, fertilizer and various soil improvement materials can be mounted on one side of the washer 5. Then, the mounting of the seed 1 or the like on the washer 5 is appropriately performed, for example, by directly adhering using a water-soluble adhesive or indirectly through thin cotton or the like, and attaching the sheet and the washer 5 sandwiching the seed or the like. It can be done by the method.

  In the above embodiment, the peg hole 7 and each plant growth space 10 are separated from each other by at least the hole edge part 8. However, the present invention is not limited to this. The nail hole 7 and one of the plant growth spaces 10 may communicate with each other through the missing portion.

  Needless to say, the modifications described in the embodiment and after the description may be combined as appropriate.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Ant spray seed 2 Net 3 Sheet 4 Vegetation 5 Washer 6 Peg 7 Peg hole 8 Hole edge part 9 Press part 10 Space 11 Hole 12 Long plate

Claims (6)

From the top of the vegetation in a state where the ant sprayed seeds are laid on the surface to be planted and covered with a net-like or sheet-like holding member, a peg that penetrates the washer in a retaining state is driven, and the holding member is moved by the washer. It is a greening method using ant sprayed seeds that presses and fixes the vegetation on the surface to be planted,
The washer has a hole edge portion that forms an edge of a hole for a nail into which the peg is inserted, and a pressing portion that is continuous with the hole edge portion and presses the holding member. A greening method using ant-spreaded seeds, characterized in that the space is surrounded by or sandwiched from any direction, or adjacent to the space in the circumferential direction of the hole edge portion.   The washer is a member having a plurality of holes such as a lattice shape, a spider web shape, a wheel shape, a honeycomb shape, or a punching metal shape, and the plurality of holes serve as the space and a part of the plurality of holes. Alternatively, the greening method using ant-spreaded seeds according to claim 1, wherein all are configured so as to be usable as a peg hole.   The washer includes a plurality of long plate-like bodies that are stacked in different directions, and the hole edge portion is formed in a portion of each long plate-like body that overlaps with another long plate-like body. The greening method using ant-spreaded seeds according to 1.   The greening method using ant-spreaded seeds according to claim 1, wherein the pressing portion of the washer is formed in a radial shape, a spiral shape, or a branched shape.   The tree planting method using ant-spreaded seeds according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the washer having at least ant-sprinkled seeds mounted on one side is arranged so that the one side faces the surface to be planted.   The washer used for the tree planting method using an ant spray seed as described in any one of Claims 1-5.

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