JP2013078747A - Dust collector - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a dust collector by achieving a novel dust collection mechanism capable of being reduced in size and relying on neither a filter system nor a cyclone system, wherein high dust collection efficiency is obtained with a simple structure and low power as compared with the systems, and the deterioration such as clogging is not substantially generated in a member for collection and there are no substantial disposal problems.SOLUTION: A dust collector 2 has a form in which a plurality of collection units 1 are combined in series from an upstream side to downstream side. Each collection unit 1 includes a pocket part 15, a plate-like three-dimensional mesh body 12 covering an opening surface of the pocket part, a ventilation space 17 guiding an air current along an upper surface of the three-dimensional mesh body 12, and a ventilation cylindrical part 16 formed at right/left one end part. The collection units 1 are combined with each other so that the ventilation cylindrical parts 16 are disposed at the respective reverse sides.

Description

  In addition to the removal of fine dust in precision workshops, the present invention also includes paint splashes in powder coating and spraying workshops, scattered powder in powder transfer and mixing workshops, paper dust in workshops, woodworking wood chips, etc. The present invention relates to a dust collector that collects and collects dust in the air, oil mist, and a mixture of dust and mist. In particular, the present invention relates to a non-cyclone type dust collector using inertia force, which is suitable for downsizing and processing a large amount of dust and does not require a bug filter.

  Examples of the dust collection method include those using droplets such as a scrubber, those using static electricity and various filters, and a cyclone method. Among these, the dust collector using the bag filter has an advantage that the installation cost and the operation cost are relatively low and the installation space can be reduced. For this reason, small, simple dust collectors that use bag filters are the mainstream.

  However, the bag filter method is not necessarily suitable for collecting dust discharged in large quantities and sufficiently collecting harmful fine dust. In view of this, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2010-046612 proposed a type of scrubber system that can be operated with low power and that can be installed in a small space. Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2008-237951 proposed a dust collection device using a cyclone that can be installed in a small space and has a high efficiency.

  On the other hand, as a method of collecting dust using inertia force other than the cyclone method, JP 2009-112966 proposes a method of repeatedly colliding with a substantially vertically arranged plate when collecting casting waste sand. ing. In addition, JP 2009-056360 proposes to change the 180 ° C flow path by colliding with the ceiling surface before collecting the dust contained in the exhaust gas of the combustion furnace before introducing it into the cyclone. ing. Furthermore, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2011-092897 proposes to clean the air by repeatedly causing it to collide with a baffle plate in addition to the electrostatic action.

JP2010-046612 JP2008-237951 JP2009-112966 JP2009-056360 JP2011-092897

  For example, in a dust collector using a bag filter, the suction efficiency deteriorates as dust accumulates on the filter cloth, so the output of the blower needs to be set large. In addition, a mechanism or work for removing the accumulated dust is required, and noise and other problems arise. Furthermore, clogging occurs relatively quickly when a large amount of fine powder is contained, and the filter may be damaged if coarse particles having a large specific gravity are sent.

  In addition, the method of filtering with a bag filter or the like was not preferable because of the problem of disposal because the filter deteriorated due to clogging due to differentiation or the like and had to be discarded. In particular, when the oil mist is included in the dust, the deterioration of the filter proceeds relatively rapidly.

  On the other hand, the method of collecting using a liquid such as water as in JP 2010-046612 is not necessarily suitable for efficiently separating a large amount of dust directly, and is a preliminary separation device. May be required. On the other hand, in the dust collection device using the cyclone method proposed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2008-237951, the equipment cost and the driving power cannot always be sufficiently reduced as compared with the bag filter method.

  Incidentally, as disclosed in JP-A-2009-112966, a method of dropping particles having a large specific gravity and diameter by colliding an air stream containing dust against a plate is not suitable for separating particles that are not, and in particular, a fine powder. In addition, it is not suitable for the separation of powder with a small bulk specific gravity.

  In light of the above-mentioned problems, the inventors of the present invention have made further efforts to realize the collection of various kinds of dusts with one simple configuration. Among them, we have devised a completely new collection mechanism that is neither a filter system, a cyclone system nor a simple collision system.

  In a preferred embodiment of the dust collector of the present invention, a pocket portion in which only one surface forms an opening surface, an air-permeable plate-shaped three-dimensional network body (bunch-like structure) that covers the opening surface of the pocket portion, This mechanism is composed of a mechanism that guides air containing dust toward the inside of the pocket, and is characterized in that particles are collected in the pocket by an inertia force and a trap action by a three-dimensional network. The plate-like three-dimensional network body is, in a preferred form, composed of a structure having a high porosity in which coarse pores are formed almost uniformly by coarse fibers, and such a structure is formed over a considerable thickness. . The plate-shaped three-dimensional network allows air containing dust to pass therethrough, attenuates the flow of the air, and prevents or suppresses the occurrence of an air flow that raises the dust in the pocket portion. In particular, the occurrence of turbulence is prevented or suppressed.

  A simple trap mechanism with little pressure loss can collect dust having a wide range of particle diameters, and can accept a relatively large amount of dust in the pocket. Therefore, not only manufacturing and installation costs, but also power, cost, and amount of work for operation and maintenance can be reduced. Moreover, not only oil mist and other mists (floating droplets) but also a mixture of mist and dust can be collected. Furthermore, even in such a case, clogging or deterioration does not substantially occur in the porous member (three-dimensional network) used for collection, so that there are hardly any problems and costs such as disposal of the waste filter.

It is a disassembled perspective view which shows the structure of each collection unit in the dust collector of one Embodiment. It is a vertical sectional view showing the whole dust collector configuration of one embodiment. It is the perspective view which looked at the dust collector of FIG. 2 from the front right side. It is a perspective view which shows the back surface and right side surface of the dust collector of FIG. It is a photograph ("Vinyloc" of Toyo Cushion Co., Ltd.) showing an example of a mesh structure of a three-dimensional network. FIG. 3 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view schematically showing dust particles and a flow thereof in a part of the vertical cross-sectional view of FIG. 2 in order to explain the collection mechanism.

  The plate-shaped three-dimensional network allows airflow to pass through as described above so that the dust is guided into the pocket portion together with the airflow, and by suppressing the airflow in the pocket portion, the dust re-scatters. It is a porous body that suppresses airflow. Therefore, any one can be used as long as it can exhibit such a function.

  In a preferred embodiment, the plate-like three-dimensional network is a fiber assembly in which crimped filaments made of thermoplastic resin, regenerated cellulose, or the like are entangled or the entanglement points are thermally bonded. Examples of such a fiber material include polyolefin such as polypropylene, thermoplastic polyester such as polyethylene terephthalate, vinyl chloride resin, vinylidene chloride resin, cellulose acetate, and regenerated cellulose. By using these filaments, various three-dimensional networks produced by a spunbond method or an entanglement method can be used in the same manner as a normal nonwoven fabric. The plate-like three-dimensional network body may be a three-dimensional knitted fabric, or in some cases, a flat knitted fabric may be superimposed. Under the usage conditions that require flame resistance and heat resistance, various metals such as those used in demisters can be used. For example, from a metal filament such as steel or aluminum or a stranded wire, One obtained by superimposing knitted fabrics formed in a planar shape with a net or the like, and one obtained by winding and shrinking a metal wire and then tangling three-dimensionally can be used. Moreover, depending on the case, it is an open-cell foaming molded object which consists of various resin, such as polyolefin, Comprising: What does not have what is called a film | membrane part, and is excellent in airflow permeability can be used. Also in this case, it is preferable if the following conditions are satisfied with respect to the average opening and the through holes in the thickness direction.

  In a preferred form, the plate-like three-dimensional network has a porosity of 80% or more, preferably 85% or more, more preferably 90% or more, and further preferably 95% or more. In a preferred embodiment, the thickness dimension is 5 to 100 mm, and typically 10 to 50 mm when used in a small dust collector.

  In a preferred embodiment, the plate-shaped three-dimensional network has an average opening of 0.1 to 10 mm, preferably 0.3, between fibers or local holes (one ring portion or void portion captured locally even in the thickness direction). -5 mm, more preferably 0.5-3 mm. In addition, the opening here is a short diameter in the case of an oval hole, for example, and the average here is an average value weighted by area. It is preferable that the plate-shaped three-dimensional network does not have a large through-hole, and in a preferred embodiment, the maximum opening of the hole penetrating in the thickness direction (that is, the hole when the gap through which the back side can be seen from the front side) is captured. Is 5 mm or less, preferably 3 mm or less, more preferably 2 mm or less, and even more preferably 1 mm or less. However, the preferred opening and the like can vary depending on the particle size and distribution of the dust to be treated, the density in the air, and the like, and can be appropriately set.

  The thickness of the three-dimensional network can be changed for each collection unit from upstream to downstream, and preferably, the thickness can be changed continuously or in steps of several. Similarly, the average opening can be reduced continuously or gradually in steps from several upstream to downstream.

  To give preferred specific examples, “Vinylok”, “Saranlock (trade name)”, “Filledon (trade name)”, etc. used as a pre-filter for an air conditioner can be used. For example, when a large amount of dust having a weight average particle size of 10 to several hundreds of μm is contained, “Vinyloc” that cannot be used normally as a filter or one having an airflow permeation and suppressing action equivalent thereto is used. be able to. For example, when collecting fine powders with a weight average particle size of around 1 μm, “Filledon PS / 600” (captures coarse particles of 10 μm or more when used as an air filter) or airflow transmission equivalent to this. And what has an inhibitory action can be used. Further, “Vinylok” or the like can be used for several stages on the upstream side, and “Filledon PS / 600” (Nippon Vilene Co., Ltd.) or an equivalent product can be used on the downstream side. If combined in this way, even if a three-dimensional network having a relatively small mesh size is used, fine dust can be efficiently collected while preventing dust from being caught on the three-dimensional network. In addition, the capture effect with respect to fine dust can be gradually increased also by enlarging a solid network body as it goes downstream, without changing an opening.

  In one preferable form, the depth dimension of the pocket portion is 0.3 to 30 times, preferably 0.5 to 20 times, more preferably 1 to 15 times, still more preferably 1. 5 to 10 times. The depth dimension of the pocket portion can also be changed for each collection unit from the upstream side to the downstream side, and is preferably reduced continuously or in steps of several.

  In one preferred form, the collection unit is divided into a pocket part and a through-cylinder part at the lower part by a partition extending in the vertical direction and the front-rear direction, and the lateral dimension of the pocket part is equal to the through-cylinder part. The lateral dimension is 1.3 to 15 times, preferably 1.5 to 10 times, more preferably 1.8 to 6 times. Within such a range, the airflow sent from above can sufficiently flow into the pocket portion through the three-dimensional network, and can smoothly flow out toward the next collection unit or discharge port.

  Note that the collection unit in the present invention is a so-called conceptual unit, and may be of any form as long as it can be understood as a one-stage collection unit composed of a set of pocket portions and a three-dimensional network. . That is, it does not necessarily mean one member or component. Although the collection unit will be described as one member in the following embodiments, it is needless to say that the collection unit may be a part of a single unit configured with another member, a housing, another collection unit, or the like. Alternatively, for example, the cylinder passing portion and the pocket portion may be a part of a separate member.

  The number (stage number) of the collection units connected in series from the upstream to the downstream is 5 to 15, and preferably 6 to 10 in a preferred embodiment. According to the test using the apparatus of the following example, for example, about 8 stages was considered to be sufficient. A plurality of rows of collection units may be provided in parallel with each other.

  The dust collector of the present invention can also be effectively used to collect mist such as oil mist. In the case of mist, it can be collected or discarded after being collected in the pocket portion by the same mechanism as in the case of dust described above. However, instead of placing a dust container as described in the following examples in the pocket, a rain gutter-shaped liquid collecting or oil collecting mechanism is provided and installed at the bottom or near the bottom of the dust collector body. It may be collected in a tank. The dust collector of the present invention can also treat a mixture of mist and dust. Even if a part of the mixture adheres to and accumulates on the three-dimensional network, the three-dimensional network is made of a coarse fiber aggregate and the like, so that it can be easily cleaned.

  Below, one Embodiment of the dust collector by this invention is described using FIGS. First, the structure of each collection unit 1 which comprises the dust collector of this embodiment is demonstrated using the exploded perspective view of FIG. The collection unit 1 has a rectangular box shape as a whole, and includes a unit housing 11, a plate-shaped three-dimensional network 12, and a drawer-type dust receiver 13.

  The unit casing 11 has an opening 41 on the entire upper surface in the illustrated example, and air to be processed flows from above on the left and right ends of the opening 41 (the left end in the illustrated example). . In the unit casing 11, a pocket portion 15 is provided below, and the opening surface 4 of the pocket portion 15 is covered with the plate-shaped three-dimensional network 12. A cylinder through which airflow is guided downward in the vertical direction through a vertical partition wall 19 extending in the front-rear direction at the end (right end in the illustrated example) opposite to the air inflow side in the unit housing 11. A portion 16 is provided.

  In a more detailed example, the pocket portion 15 is formed by the front and rear wall surfaces of the unit housing 11, one side wall, the partition wall 19, and the bottom wall 18 of the unit housing 11. An inward flange 14 protrudes from the rear wall, the side wall, and the partition wall 19 of the unit housing 11 at a position of the opening surface 14 of the pocket portion 15 so as to lock the plate-shaped three-dimensional network 12. The upper end of the partition wall 19 is set to substantially coincide with the height of the upper surface of the plate-shaped three-dimensional network body 12. The space above the three-dimensional mesh body 12 in the unit casing 11 is an example shown in the figure, and a “dancing place” that guides the airflow flowing from above at the left end portion to the right cylinder portion 16. A ventilation space 17 is formed.

  The airflow from above is guided to the cylinder passing portion 16 by changing the direction of the airflow from vertical to horizontal in the left and right ventilation space 17. The airflow partially passes through the pocket portion 15. In the specific example, the drawer-shaped dust receiver 13 is fitted into the pocket portion 15 from the opening 42 provided in the front wall of the unit housing 11. If the dust accumulates, the drawer-shaped dust receiver 13 can be pulled out, and the dust can be taken out and reused by recovery or disposed of. If a large number of coarse particles or fibers are caught and deposited near the upper surface of the plate-shaped three-dimensional network 12, the front and back of the plate-shaped three-dimensional network 12 can be turned over. For this purpose, for example, the user can insert his / her hand from the opening 42 from which the dust receiver 13 is drawn out and turn the front and back while turning the flexible three-dimensional network 12 once. The same operation can also be performed after grasping the position of the opening 42 and pulling out the entire collection unit 1 from the dust collector 2.

  In the illustrated example, the plate-shaped three-dimensional network body 12 is drawn as it is supported by the inward flange 14 as it is, but the cross-section of the three-dimensional network body 12 is U-shaped, or An L-shaped frame can be attached. Thereby, even if the peripheral part of the three-dimensional network 12 is a surface cut and cut out from a large product, the fibers are prevented from being scattered and coming out. However, when the three-dimensional network 12 is made of a fiber that can be easily heat-sealed, such as polypropylene fiber, the frame can be omitted by heat-sealing the peripheral edge.

  Next, the whole structure of the dust collector 2 is demonstrated using the vertical sectional view of FIG. The dust collector 2 includes a dust collector body 21 gathered by a housing 22 and a suction blower 3 provided outside the housing 22. The plurality of collection units 1 are incorporated in the housing 22 of the dust collector main body 21 and are combined so that the left and right directions are reversed when combined in series from upstream to downstream. That is, for example, as shown in the figure, if the first collection unit 1 receives the airflow from above at the right end and sends the airflow from the opening 43 at the lower end of the through-cylinder portion 16 at the left end, In the collection unit 1, the left and right are reversed, and the air flow from above is received at the left end and sent downward from the right end.

  In the illustrated example, the dust collector 2 has 13 collection units 1 as described above incorporated in series. As shown in the figure, the depth of the pocket portion 15 of the collection unit 13 is large on the side close to the air inlet 23 in which dust is suspended, and gradually decreases toward the downstream. Although there is no great difference in the thickness of the landing-like ventilation space 17, that is, the vertical dimension, since the depth of the pocket portion 15, that is, the vertical dimension is greatly changed, the vertical dimension of the collection unit 1 is also greatly changed. To do.

  In the illustrated example, there are two vertical columns of the collection unit 1 on the left and right sides, and the suction blower 3 is installed on the upper surface of the housing 22. Accordingly, a first rising cylinder portion for sending air that has been sent to the bottom of the housing 22 in the left row to the upper end of the housing 22 at the center in the left-right direction of the housing 22. 24 is provided. Further, a second rising cylinder portion 25 for sending the air that has passed through the collection unit 1 in the right row to the suction blower 3 on the housing 22 is provided at the right end portion of the housing 22.

  Further, in the illustrated example, a bottom surface ventilation portion 26 for sending an air flow in the left-right direction is provided along the bottom surface of the housing 22. In addition, the same plate-shaped three-dimensional network 12 is disposed in the bottom vent portion 26. In the illustrated example, the corners of the bottom surface are drawn at right angles, but this can be rounded to make the flow smoother. It is also possible to slightly separate the three-dimensional network 12 from the bottom surface so that dust is partially accumulated below the three-dimensional network 12. However, since there is no pocket portion 15 at the bottom portion, the rate of dust capture is low, so there is usually no problem simply by placing the three-dimensional network 12 as shown.

  In the example shown in FIG. 2, the upper end of the side wall of the dust collector main body 21 is provided with an introduction port 23 for introducing a gas to be treated in the horizontal direction, and an introduction flow path 43 provided at the upper end inside the dust collector main body 21. Led. The introduction flow path 43 is separated from the inside of the most upstream collection unit 1 by an introduction flow path partition wall 44, and through the opening 45 provided on the lower surface of the downstream end of the introduction flow path 43, The air to be treated flows into the collection unit 1.

  In addition, in one specific example, each said collection unit 1 is supported by the inward flange provided in the housing | casing 22 of the dust collector main body 21 in right and left, and back. That is, it can be configured to be fitted from the front of the housing 22 in a pull-out manner.

  As shown in FIGS. 3 to 4, the housing 22 of the dust collector main body 21 is provided with a sealed door 28 on the front side. The inner surface of the sealing door 28 is a packing surface, and can be sealed using hook sealing fittings 29 arranged along the left and right edges. An operator can take out the dust by pulling out the drawer-type dust receiver 13 with the sealed door 28 opened. Moreover, as above-mentioned, the plate-shaped solid network body 12 can be turned over as needed.

In FIG. 5, the external appearance of the same or equivalent three-dimensional network 12 used in the specific example of the present embodiment is shown. The three-dimensional network 12 used in the specific example is “Vinylok” (purchased from Japan Vilene Co., Ltd.), and FIG. 5 shows a photograph of this “Vinylok (chemical fiber lock)” (Toyo Cushion Co., Ltd.). It is. The image shown in FIG. 5 is a cut-out portion of the image currently available on the website of Sekine Sangyo Co., Ltd. (http://slsekine.exblog.jp/9576238/). The scale of the scale in FIG. 5 is 1 cm, and a hole having an opening of about 2 to 5 mm (a short diameter of the opening in the case of an elongated hole) is formed by a filament that is gently wound. The porosity (space ratio) is about 96%, the thickness of the fiber made of vinyl chloride resin and vinylidene chloride resin is 660 to 1100 dtex (600 to 1000 denier), and the bulk density is about 75 kg / m ³ .

  In FIG. 6, the dust removal effect | action by the dust collector 2 of this embodiment and the classification effect | action are shown typically. The air introduced from the inlet 23 includes dust 5 having various diameters. The airflow 51 from above including the dust 5 is guided into the pocket portion 15 while being significantly decelerated by the plate-shaped three-dimensional network 12. Even in the pocket portion 15, an air flow is generated, but it is a gentle flow, and it is considered that a turbulent flow does not occur so much. The dust 5 once entering the pocket portion 15 passes through the three-dimensional network 12 again. It seems that the rate is not so high. In particular, the dust 5 having a large diameter or a large specific gravity is easily trapped in the pocket portion 15 and is collected by the collection unit 1 near the upstream end. As the diameter or specific gravity decreases, the rate of flowing out without being trapped increases, but as the number of passing stages of the collection unit 1 increases, almost the whole is gradually collected. Even if the average particle diameter is about 1 μm, when the number of stages of the collection unit 1 is about 10, almost all, for example, 99% or more is collected.

  As for the dust collector 2 of the illustrated embodiment, a specific example such as a dimensional configuration is as follows.

Each collection unit 1 has a lateral dimension of 240 mm and a longitudinal dimension of 600 mm, and the thickness (lateral dimension) of the through-cylinder part 16 and the rising cylinder parts 24 and 25 are both about 60 mm. The thickness (vertical dimension) of the landing-like ventilation space 17 was about 60 mm. The vertical dimension of the pocket is gradually reduced from 100mm (1st to 3rd stage) to 75mm (4th to 8th stage) and 50mm (10th to 13th stage) from upstream to downstream. did. The wall thickness of the prototype was 1 mm. On the other hand, as the plate-shaped three-dimensional network 12, the 20-mm thick vinyl lock (trade name) is used for the first to third-stage collection units 1, and the fourth to tenth-stage 30 mm thick. Were used for the 11th to 13th stages (thickness was only 1). Further, the dust collector 2 had a front and rear and left and right dimensions of the housing 22 of 600 mm, a height of about 1.5 m, and the output of the blower 3 was 100 m ³ / min.

  Finally, the result of actually performing a dust collection test by the dust collector 2 of the above specific example will be described below.

  First, 200g of commercially available baby powder (Johnson & Johnson's "baby powder") is placed in the back of the duct connected to the inlet 23, and a hand with an air gun is inserted into this duct, and the inlet is filtered. The baby powder was blown off by blowing air with air blowing. In this way, when the entire amount was sent into the dust collector 2, no white smoke was observed from the outlet 31 of the blower 3. When the hermetic door was opened and the drawer-type dust receiver 13 was pulled out, no white dust was observed after the seventh-stage collection unit 1. When the recovery rate was calculated from the increase in the weight of the dust receiver 13, it was 99% or more. The baby powder used here is mainly composed of fine powder of talc, and the average particle size is considered to be about 1 μm.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Collecting unit 11 ... Unit housing | casing 12 ... Plate-shaped solid network body
13 ... Drawer type dust receiver 14 ... Inward flange 15 ... Pocket
16 ... Cylinder portion 17 ... Landing-like ventilation space 18 ... Unit bottom plate 19 ... Partition wall 2 ... Dust collector 21 ... Dust collector body 22 ... Dust collector case 23 ... Dust floating air inlet 24 ... First rising cylinder portion 25 ... Second Ascending cylinder part 26 ... Bottom ventilation part 27 ... Sealed door
28 ... Hook sealing bracket 29 ... Extension part of the second rising cylinder part 3 ... Suction blower
31 ... Purified air outlet 32 ... Support plate
4 ... Opening surface of pocket part 41 ... Upper opening of unit housing
42: Lower opening of unit casing 42: Side opening of unit casing
43 ... Introduction channel 44 ... Inlet channel partition wall 45 ... Lower opening 5 ... Dust 51 ... Airflow

Claims (4)

A dust collector (2) in the form of a plurality of collection units (1) combined in series from upstream to downstream,
Each collection unit (1)
A pocket portion (15) whose upper surface is open;
A plate-like three-dimensional network (12) covering the opening surface of the pocket portion;
A ventilation space (17) formed above the three-dimensional network (12) to guide the airflow in a direction along the three-dimensional network (12);
It is composed of a through-cylinder portion (16) that is formed at one end and guides the airflow downward.
One dust collection unit (1) and the next collection unit (1) are combined with each other such that the cylinder passing portion (16) is arranged on the opposite side. .   The three-dimensional network (12) has a porosity of 80% or more, a thickness dimension of 5 to 100 mm, an average opening between fibers or a local hole of 0.1 to 10 mm, and a hole penetrating in the thickness direction. The dust collector according to claim 1, wherein the maximum opening is 5 mm or less.   The lower part of each collecting unit (1) is divided into a pocket part (15) and a cylinder-cylinder part (16) by a partition wall (19) extending in the vertical direction and the front-rear direction, and the pocket part (15) 3. The dust collector according to claim 1, wherein the left-right dimension is 1.5 to 10 times the left-right dimension of the cylinder passing portion (16).   The three-dimensional network (12) is formed by entanglement or thermal fusion of wound filaments, or is made of a three-dimensional knitted fabric or a laminate of flat knitted fabrics. The dust collector in any one of -3.