JP2013071701A - Relay box for vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a relay box for a vehicle, arranged without occupying internal space of a cabin and preventing the entry of rainwater, dust, or the like.SOLUTION: The relay box 32 for the vehicle 10 is provided at a vehicle body to store a relay 24. The relay box 32 disposed under the floor of the vehicle body is provided, for the maintenance of the relay 24, with a box side lid 54 at the upper part of the relay box 32; an opening 46b provided in a floor panel 46 of the vehicle body so as to be located above the relay box 32; and a maintenance lid 56 for detachably blocking the opening 46b.

Description

  The present invention relates to a vehicle relay box that houses a relay provided in a part of an electric circuit composed of in-vehicle electrical components and the like.

Large vehicles such as buses are equipped with large-capacity batteries and relays for starting the engine, lighting equipment and room lighting. These batteries and relays are arranged at the rear of the vehicle body together with the engine, transmission, and the like. In particular, relays need to pay attention to waterproofing and dustproofing due to their functions. Therefore, relays are stored in a relay box so that they are not covered with rainwater, dirt, etc., and the installation location of the relay box is also limited.
As such a conventional relay box of a vehicle, one provided in a cab of a working machine such as a hydraulic excavator is known (for example, see Patent Document 1).

According to FIG. 1 and FIG. 4 of Patent Document 1, an electrical box 1 incorporating a relay of electrical components is provided at the rear of the seat in the cab 10 of the work machine.
The electrical box 1 includes a box main body 1a and a door portion 1b provided at the front portion of the box main body 1a so as to be freely opened and closed. The front of the door portion 1b is covered with a cover member 2.

JP 2010-95860 A

In Patent Document 1, since the electrical box 1 is disposed in the cab 10, it occupies the space in the cab 10. Therefore, the space in the cab 10 is narrowed and the usability in the cab 10 is deteriorated.
Since the upper part of the electrical box 1 is open, for example, dust that has entered the cab 10 with the wind, dirt, or rainwater that has adhered to the rain gear of an operator who has entered the cab 10 during work in rainy weather. May enter the electrical box 1 and cause a failure of the relays.

  Accordingly, the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is a vehicle that can be arranged without occupying the interior of the passenger compartment and can prevent rainwater, dirt, and the like from entering. Is to provide a relay box.

  In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a vehicle relay box provided in a vehicle body for housing a relay, wherein the relay box is disposed under a floor of the vehicle body, and the relay is used for maintenance of the relay. A box-side lid is provided at an upper portion of the box, and an opening located above the relay box and a floor-side lid for detachably closing the opening are provided on the floor of the vehicle body.

  According to the present invention, since the relay box is disposed under the floor, the relay box does not occupy the vehicle interior space and can be installed without affecting the vehicle interior space.

  In addition, if liquid such as water spills on the floor in the passenger compartment, even if liquid leaks under the floor from between the opening and the floor-side lid, the box-side lid will prevent liquid from entering the relay box. Can be prevented. Therefore, failure of the relay can be avoided and reliability can be improved.

  Furthermore, by removing the floor-side lid from the floor of the vehicle body and removing the box-side lid, the relay can be maintained from the passenger compartment, improving maintainability, and compared to performing maintenance from outside the vehicle, It is possible to prevent rainwater or dirt from entering the relay box during maintenance.

  In the present invention, it is preferable that the relay is used in a main power circuit, and a battery box for storing a battery serving as a main power source is disposed under the floor of the vehicle body and in the vicinity of the relay box.

According to such a configuration, by arranging the battery box in the vicinity of the relay box, the wiring connecting the battery and the relay can be further shortened.
Also, by providing the relay box and battery box separately, the relay and battery are placed in the same box as in the past, so there are no restrictions on the placement due to the functions specific to the relay and battery, In other words, it is necessary to pay attention to the waterproof and dustproof of the relays. On the other hand, the battery is free from the restriction that air permeability is required due to evaporation of dilute sulfuric acid, and the relay and the battery can be arranged more easily.
Further, it is not necessary to remove the battery when maintaining the relay, and the maintenance work can be simplified.

  Preferably, in the present invention, the vehicle body is a bus vehicle body on which an engine is mounted at the rear, the relay box is disposed in front of the engine and above the battery box, and the floor lid is disposed at the rear. It should be provided between the seats.

  According to such a configuration, the present invention can be applied to a vehicle body structure in which an engine, a battery, and relays related to electrical components are mounted in the rear portion, like a bus body.

  Preferably, in the present invention, the relay box is detachably attached to an upper edge portion of the box body having an open portion at an upper portion thereof, and is larger than the open portion. It is comprised from the rectangular said box side lid, and the said floor side lid is good to have the front-back length shorter than the front-back length of the said box side lid, and the left-right length larger than the left-right length of the said box side lid.

  According to such a configuration, the box-side lid is formed in a rectangular shape that is larger than the open portion at the top of the box body, the floor-side lid is shorter than the front-rear length of the box-side lid, and the box-side lid is If the liquid is spilled on the floor in the passenger compartment, even if liquid leaks from the gap between the opening and the floor-side lid, Depending on the size of the box-side lid, liquid can be surely prevented from entering the relay box, and the reliability can be further improved.

  As described above, according to the present invention, the relay box is disposed under the floor of the vehicle body, and in order to maintain the relay, the box-side lid is provided on the upper portion of the relay box and positioned on the floor of the vehicle body above the relay box. Since the relay box is provided under the floor, the relay box does not occupy the vehicle interior space and widens the vehicle interior. Therefore, usability in the passenger compartment can be improved.

  In addition, if liquid such as water spills on the floor in the passenger compartment, even if liquid leaks under the floor from the gap between the opening and the floor-side lid, the liquid will enter the relay box by the box-side lid. Can be prevented. Therefore, failure of the relay can be avoided and reliability can be improved.

  Furthermore, by removing the floor-side lid from the floor of the vehicle body and removing the box-side lid, the relay can be maintained from the passenger compartment, improving maintainability, and compared to performing maintenance from outside the vehicle, It is possible to prevent rainwater / dust from entering the relay box during maintenance.

It is a rear part side view which shows arrangement | positioning of the relay box of the vehicle which concerns on this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the rear part of the vehicle body by which the relay box which concerns on this invention is arrange | positioned. It is a perspective view which shows the relay box and maintenance lid which concern on this invention. It is a disassembled perspective view which shows the relay box and maintenance lid which concern on this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the state which removed the lid of the maintenance lid and relay box which concern on this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the effect | action in the vehicle front-back direction by the relay box and maintenance lid concerning this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the effect | action in the vehicle left-right direction by the relay box and maintenance lid which concern on this invention. It is explanatory drawing explaining the comparative example of arrangement | positioning of a relay box.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to embodiments shown in the drawings. However, the dimensions, materials, shapes, relative arrangements, and the like of the component parts described in this embodiment are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention to that unless otherwise specified.
In addition, the arrow (FRONT) shown in the figure represents the front of the vehicle.

  As shown in FIG. 1, a vehicle 10 includes an engine 15, a transmission (not shown), various electrical components (batteries 21 to 23, a relay 24, a fuse 26, 27) is a bus on which a battery box 31, a relay box 32, and a fuse box 33 are mounted. Reference numeral 35 denotes an alternator.

  The rear vehicle body 12 includes a cross frame 42 attached to a pair of left and right main frames 41, 41 (only one reference numeral 41) extending in the front-rear direction and extending in the vehicle width direction, and one stage higher than the main frames 41, 41. A pair of left and right rear frames 43, 43 (only one symbol 43 is shown) provided so as to extend in the front-rear direction and a frame shape attached to these rear frames 43, 43 so as to extend in the vehicle width direction. A frame 44 is provided, and an upper body 45 composed of a floor panel 46 and a plurality of sheets 47 and 48 provided on the floor panel 46 is attached to the frame-shaped frame 44. Reference numeral 49 denotes a bumper support member attached to the left and right rear frames 43, 43 to support the rear bumper, and 50 denotes a vehicle compartment (bus vehicle compartment) formed by the upper body 45.

The battery box 31 is located behind the rear wheel 11 and is attached to the upper part of the side frame 51 that is passed to the cross frame 42 and the frame-like frame 44, and stores a plurality of batteries 21 to 23.
Since the batteries 21 to 23 evaporate the water in the diluted sulfuric acid injected therein, the battery box 31 is provided with an opening 31a for ventilation.

The relay box 32 is disposed above the battery box 31 and is attached to the front portion of the frame-shaped frame 44, in which the relay 24 and the like are accommodated.
The relay box 32 is provided with a box-side lid 54 for maintenance at the top, and a floor panel 46 above the box-side lid 54 has a floor opening 46a provided for maintenance, and this floor. A removable maintenance lid 56 that closes the opening 46a is provided.
The floor opening 46a is provided between the sheets 47 and 48 arranged in the front-rear direction.

The fuse box 33 is attached to an under cover 58 that supports the seat 48 and covers the lower portion of the seat 48, and stores a plurality of fuses 26 and 27.
The under cover 58 is a component constituting the upper body 45 and is attached to the upper portion of the frame-shaped frame 44 via the floor panel 46.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the battery box 31 is attached to the side frames 51, 51 that connect the cross frame 42 and the frame-shaped frame 44 on the right side of the rear vehicle body 12, and is disposed above the battery box 31. The relay box 32 is attached to the upper front portion of the frame-shaped frame 44, and the fuse box 33 disposed above and behind the relay box 32 is temporarily fixed to the upper portion of the frame-shaped frame 44 by a fixing jig 61.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the fuse box 33 is connected to the battery box 31, the relay box 32, etc., the fixing jig 61 is removed, and the upper body 45 (see FIG. 1) is mounted. It is permanently fixed to the under cover 58 of the upper body 45.

In FIG. 3, in order to facilitate understanding of the shape of the components housed in the relay box 32, the components in the relay box 32 are depicted so as to be seen through.
As shown in FIG. 3, the relay box 32 includes a box body 71 and a box-side lid 54 that is detachably attached to the upper portion of the box body 71 with four bolts 72. A plurality of stays 65 provided on the frame-like frame 44 (see FIG. 2) are attached with bolts 66.

In the relay box 32, the relay 24 used for the main power circuit, the starter circuit breaker device 74 for cutting off the energization of the starter circuit, the main circuit breaker 75, the relay 24, the starter circuit breaker device 74, and the main circuit A wire harness 76 for connecting the breaker 75 is housed. Reference numeral 77 denotes a wire harness grommet.
The imaginary line in the figure shows the maintenance lid 56 disposed above the relay box 32.

As shown in FIG. 4, the box body 71 of the relay box 32 includes a rectangular bottom plate 81 and four side plates 82 to 85 raised from the edge of the bottom plate 81.
The front and rear side plates 82 and 85 are rectangular, and the left and right side plates 83 and 84 are bifurcated rearward extending portions 83a and 84a that extend rearward from the side plate 85, and side bent portions 83b that bend left and right from the top. 84b.

  The rear extension portions 83a and 84a are provided with rear end bent portions 86 that are respectively attached to the plurality of stays 65 (see FIG. 3). Reference numeral 86a denotes a bolt insertion hole into which a bolt 66 (see FIG. 3) is inserted.

  The side bent portions 83b and 84b are portions to which the box-side lid 54 is attached, and are formed with female screws 83c and 84c into which bolts 72 (see FIG. 3) are screwed or bolt insertion holes through which the bolts 72 are passed. And a nut (not shown) into which the bolt 72 is screwed is attached to the lower surface.

The box-side lid 54 is a plate formed in a rectangular shape, and a plurality of bolt insertion holes 54 a through which the bolts 72 are passed when attached to the box body 71.
The maintenance lid 56 is a plate formed in a rectangular shape, and has a plurality of bolt insertion holes 56a through which mounting bolts are passed when mounting on the floor panel 46 (see FIG. 1) side.

  The inner dimension in the front-rear direction of the box body 71 is A1, the inner dimension in the left-right direction is B1, the length (depth) in the front-rear direction of the box side lid 54 is A2, and the length (width) in the left-right direction is B2. The length (depth) of the lid 56 in the front-rear direction is A3, and the length (width) in the left-right direction is B3.

Since A2> A1 and B2> B1, that is, the box-side lid 54 is larger than the opening 71a of the box body 71, the entire opening 71a can be covered.
In addition, A3 <A2, B3> B2, that is, the maintenance lid 56 is shorter in the front-rear direction and longer in the left-right direction than the box-side lid 54.

As shown in FIG. 1, since the maintenance lid 56 is disposed between the front and rear seats 47 and 48, it is difficult to ensure a large length in the front-rear direction. It is relatively easy to secure a large space, and the space between the seats 47 and 48 can be used more effectively by making the size of the maintenance lid 56 as described above short to the front and back and long to the left and right. In addition, the maintenance lid 56 can be easily attached and detached.
Further, the effects of the dimensions of the box body 71, the box-side lid 54, and the maintenance lid 56 will be described with reference to FIGS.

  FIG. 5 shows that the maintenance lid 56 (see FIG. 1) is removed from the floor opening 46a provided on the floor panel 46 at the rear of the vehicle body, and the box side lid 54 of the relay box 32 disposed below the floor opening 46a. (See FIG. 1) is a view of the removed state from the passenger compartment.

  The floor opening 46a is a portion including a rectangular opening 46b and a step 46c formed at the edge of the opening 46b one step lower than the other upper surface of the floor panel 46. A maintenance lid 56 is provided on the step 46c. The upper surface of the floor panel 46 and the upper surface of the maintenance lid 56 are substantially leveled (see FIG. 1).

  In the vicinity of the four corners of the opening 46b, stays 88 extend from the lower surface side of the floor panel 46, and are formed at the distal ends of the stays 88. .

As described above, the maintenance lid 56 for maintaining the relay 24 (see FIG. 3) in the relay box 32 is provided on the floor panel 46 so that maintenance can be performed from the passenger compartment 50, thereby making the relay 24 easier. Maintenance can be performed.
Further, for example, when maintenance is performed on the relay from the outside of the vehicle, maintenance is performed from the passenger compartment 50 as in the present embodiment to prevent rainwater, dust, or the like from entering the relay box 32 during the maintenance. Can do.

Next, the operation of the maintenance lid 56 and the box side lid 54 described above will be described.
As shown in FIG. 6, the floor panel 46 is inclined so that the vehicle front side is lower than the vehicle rear side. In the figure, θ is an inclination angle of the floor panel 46 with respect to the horizontal line 90.

Therefore, for example, when the liquid 91 such as water is spilled on the floor panel 46, the liquid 91 accumulated on the floor panel 46 leaks below the floor panel 46 from the front and rear gaps between the maintenance lid 56 and the floor opening 46a. And drop on the box side lid 54 of the relay box 32.
Since the box side lid 54 is also inclined so as to be parallel to the floor panel 46, the liquid 91 on the box side lid 54 flows forward of the vehicle and hangs down from the front end of the box side lid 54.

  Thus, the longitudinal length A3 of the maintenance lid 56 (or the longitudinal length A4 of the opening 46b) is shorter than the longitudinal length A2 of the box-side lid 54, and the box-side lid 54 is Since the liquid 91 is inclined in the direction, the liquid 91 falls on the box-side lid 54 and falls from the box-side lid 54, so there is no fear that the liquid 91 enters the relay box 32.

As shown in FIG. 7, the floor panel 46 is horizontal in the vehicle width direction.
For example, when the liquid 91 is spilled on the floor panel 46, the liquid 91 accumulated on the floor panel 46 leaks from the left and right gaps between the maintenance lid 56 and the floor opening 46a and falls down. In this case, it does not drop on the box side lid 54 of the relay box 32.

  Thus, since the length B3 in the left-right direction of the maintenance lid 56 (or the length B4 in the left-right direction of the opening 46b) is longer than the length B2 in the left-right direction of the box-side lid 54, the liquid 91 is stored in the box-side lid 54. Since the liquid 91 does not fall down, there is no fear that the liquid 91 enters the relay box 32.

  In the comparative example shown in FIG. 8, a battery box 100 is disposed at the rear of the vehicle body of the bus. In addition to the plurality of batteries 101 and 102, the relays 103 and 104 disposed above the battery 101 are accommodated in the battery box 100. Has been. Reference numeral 106 denotes an opening formed on the side surface of the body 107.

Since the water in the dilute sulfuric acid injected into the batteries 101 and 102 evaporates, the battery box 100 has an opening 111 for ensuring air permeability.
Since the relays 103 and 104 need to pay attention to waterproofing and dustproofing so that rainwater, dust, dirt, or the like adheres to electrical contacts and impedes energization due to their functions, the space above the battery box 100 Is surrounded by a cover 112 to form a sealed space, in which relays 103 and 104 are arranged.

  As described above, in the comparative example, by arranging the batteries 101 and 102 and the relays 103 and 104 having different functions in the battery box 100, it is necessary to consider an appropriate arrangement location and arrangement direction.

  Further, when the relays 103 and 104 are disposed in the battery box 100 after the batteries 101 and 102 are mounted on the battery box 100, the mounting positions of the relays 103 and 104 are high, the arrangement space is small, and the periphery of the relays 103 and 104 As a result, there is also a need to improve the protection and assembling and maintenance are difficult.

  Therefore, if the batteries 101 and 102 are removed from the battery box 100 and the battery box 100 is removed from the vehicle body, the relays 103 and 104 can be maintained relatively easily, but the work up to the maintenance becomes complicated.

In contrast, in the present embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the battery box 31 and the relay box 32 are separated, so that the relay 24 is incorporated in the relay box 32 in advance, and the relay Assembling property can be improved by attaching the box 32 to the vehicle body side.
Moreover, since the maintenance of the relay 24 can be easily performed from the passenger compartment 50, it is not necessary to remove the batteries 21, 22, 23, and the maintainability can be improved.

  In this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 5, the maintenance lid 56 is detachably provided on the floor panel 46. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the maintenance lid 56 is provided on the floor panel 46 via a hinge or the like. May be provided so as to be freely opened and closed.

  The present invention is suitable for a vehicle such as a bus that can easily secure a space under the floor.

10 Vehicle 21, 22, 23 Battery 24 Relay 31 Battery box 32 Relay box 46 Floor (floor panel)
46b Opening 54 Box side lid 56 Floor side lid (Maintenance lid)
71 Box body 71a Opening part (opening part)
A2 Longitudinal length of the box side lid (length in the longitudinal direction of the box side lid)
A3 Front / rear length of floor side lid (length of maintenance lid in the front / rear direction)
B2 Left and right length of the box side lid (length of the box side lid in the left and right direction)
B3 Left and right length of floor lid (length of maintenance lid in the left and right direction)

Claims (4)

In the vehicle relay box provided on the vehicle body to house the relay,
The relay box is disposed under the floor of the vehicle body,
In order to maintain the relay, a box-side lid is provided at the top of the relay box, and an opening located above the relay box and a floor-side lid for detachably closing the opening are provided on the floor of the vehicle body. A relay box for a vehicle.   2. The vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the relay is used in a main power circuit, and a battery box for storing a battery serving as a main power source is disposed under the floor of the vehicle body and in the vicinity of the relay box. Relay box.   The vehicle body is a bus vehicle body on which an engine is mounted at the rear, the relay box is disposed in front of the engine and above the battery box, and the floor lid is provided between the rear seats. The relay box for a vehicle according to claim 2. The relay box includes a box main body formed of a box body having an open portion at an upper portion thereof, and a rectangular box-side lid that is detachably attached to an upper edge portion of the box main body and is formed to be larger than the open portion. Configured,
2. The vehicle relay box according to claim 1, wherein the floor-side lid has a front-rear length shorter than a front-rear length of the box-side lid and a left-right length larger than a left-right length of the box-side lid. .

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