JP2013069446A

JP2013069446A - Lighting device

Info

Publication number: JP2013069446A
Application number: JP2011205525A
Authority: JP
Inventors: Masahiro Yokota; 昌広横田; Osamu Ono; 修小野; Shusuke Morita; 修介森田; Takeshi Takahashi; 高橋　　健; Nobuo Kawamura; 信雄川村; Takeshi Okawa; 猛大川; Hideo Ota; 英男太田; Shuzo Matsuda; 秀三松田; Koji Nishimura; 孝司西村
Original assignee: Toshiba Corp
Current assignee: Toshiba Corp
Priority date: 2011-09-21
Filing date: 2011-09-21
Publication date: 2013-04-18

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a lighting device capable of applying light in a side face or a back face direction and reducing luminance unevenness.SOLUTION: The lighting device includes a base material 2, a light source 6 arranged on the base material, and a light guide 4 mounted on the base material in covering the light source. The light guide has a light-incident section 4c wherein light from the light source is incident, and light-emitting sections 4a, 4b extended from the light-incident section and having a tapered wedge-shaped cross section. The light having biased light distribution, wherein light exceeding its critical angle is emitted to the outside from both surfaces of the light-emitting section while the light is reflected and guided in the light-emitting section, is to be irradiation light.

Description

本発明の実施形態は、導光体を用いた照明装置に関し、特に照射範囲を限定した照明装置に関する。 Embodiments described herein relate generally to a lighting device using a light guide, and particularly to a lighting device with a limited irradiation range.

照明装置は多岐に渡っているが、その光源としては、白熱フィラメント、蛍光灯、ＬＥＤ、などが用いられている。これらの光源から出射される光は、そのままでは点あるいは線状であり、放出する光の方向も全方位に及ぶもの、あるいは、特定の方向に強くなるもの等、光源独自の特性を有している。 There are a wide variety of lighting devices, and as the light source, incandescent filaments, fluorescent lamps, LEDs, and the like are used. The light emitted from these light sources is a point or a line as it is, and the direction of the emitted light is omnidirectional, or has a characteristic specific to the light source such as one that becomes strong in a specific direction. Yes.

これらの光源を用いて、光源像や照射範囲を制御する手段としては、導光体を用いる技術が提案されている。代表的なものとして、クサビ断面を有する板状の導光体を設け、この導光体の端面より線状光源の光を入射し、導光体中を導光する光を導光体出射面と反対側の面に設けた拡散部材にて拡散偏向させて主に導光体出射面の法線方向に光を取り出す技術があり、液晶ＴＶのバックライトや各種照明装置に用いられている。 As means for controlling a light source image and an irradiation range using these light sources, a technique using a light guide has been proposed. As a typical example, a plate-shaped light guide having a wedge cross section is provided, light from a linear light source is incident from the end face of the light guide, and light guided through the light guide is emitted from the light guide exit surface. There is a technique for diffusing and deflecting light with a diffusing member provided on the opposite surface to extract light mainly in the normal direction of the light guide exit surface, which is used for backlights of liquid crystal TVs and various illumination devices.

特開平０４−１１８８０３号公報Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 04-118803 特開平０５−６７０４号公報Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 05-6704 特開２００１−１７６３１７号公報JP 2001-176317 A 特開２００４−３１１３６０号公報JP 2004-311360 A

板状導光体の端面から線光源より光を入射し、背面側の拡散部材で導光光線を拡散させて前面側より取り出す照明装置では、配光分布が拡がってしまい、部材構成も複雑になる。特に、一般的な照明装置では、直下領域を照射すると同時に、側面方向へは不要な眩しさを与えないように遮光することが重要であるが、板状導光体を用いた上記照明装置では、この側面方向の眩しさに問題がある。 In the illumination device that receives light from the line light source from the end face of the plate-like light guide, diffuses the light guide light with the diffusion member on the back side, and extracts it from the front side, the light distribution is expanded and the member configuration is also complicated. Become. In particular, in a general lighting device, it is important to irradiate the region immediately below and simultaneously shield light so as not to give unnecessary glare in the side surface direction. However, in the lighting device using a plate-shaped light guide, There is a problem with the glare in the lateral direction.

この発明は以上の点を鑑みてなされたもので、その課題は、簡単な構成で必要な照射範囲に合わせて配光分布を制御できる照明装置を提供することにある。 The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and an object thereof is to provide an illuminating device that can control a light distribution according to a necessary irradiation range with a simple configuration.

実施形態によれば、照明装置は、基材と、基材上に配置された光源と、前記光源を覆って前記基材に取付けられた導光体と、を備え、
前記導光体は、前記光源からの光が入射する光入射部と、この光入射部から延出し、先細のクサビ状の断面形状を有する光出射部と、を有し、
前記光出射部内を反射導光するうちに光出射部の両面から臨界角を超えた光が外部に出射する配光の偏った光を主たる照射光とする。 According to the embodiment, the lighting device includes a base material, a light source disposed on the base material, and a light guide body that covers the light source and is attached to the base material.
The light guide includes a light incident portion on which light from the light source is incident, and a light emitting portion extending from the light incident portion and having a tapered wedge-shaped cross-sectional shape,
While the light emitting portion is reflected and guided, the light with a biased distribution in which the light exceeding the critical angle is emitted from both sides of the light emitting portion to the outside is set as the main irradiation light.

図１は、第１の実施形態に係る照明装置を示す斜視図。FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an illumination apparatus according to the first embodiment. 図２は、前記照明装置を示す分解斜視図。FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view showing the lighting device. 図３は、前記照明装置の断面図。FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the lighting device. 図４は、前記照明装置の光線軌道を説明する図。FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining a ray trajectory of the illumination device. 図５は、前記照明装置の配光分布を説明する図。FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a light distribution of the lighting device. 図６は、第２の実施形態に係る照明装置を示す断面図。FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view illustrating an illumination device according to a second embodiment. 図７は、第３の実施形態に係る照明装置を示す断面図。FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a lighting device according to a third embodiment. 図８は、第４の実施形態に係る照明装置を示す断面図。FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a lighting device according to a fourth embodiment. 図９は、第５の実施形態に係る照明装置を示す断面図。FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a lighting device according to a fifth embodiment. 図１０は、第６の実施形態に係る照明装置を示す断面図。FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing a lighting device according to a sixth embodiment. 図１１は、第７の実施形態に係る照明装置を示す断面図。FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a lighting device according to a seventh embodiment. 図１２は、第８の実施形態に係る照明装置を示す断面図。FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a lighting device according to an eighth embodiment.

以下、図面を参照しながら、種々の実施形態に係る照明装置について詳細に説明する。
（第１の実施形態）
図１、図２、図３は、第１の実施形態に係る照明装置を示している。図１ないし図３に示すように、照明装置１は、基材２と、ＬＥＤから成る光源６と、断面が２股のクサビ形状となっている導光体４と、を備え、図示しない駆動回路により光源６を点灯し、導光体４から外部に光を照射する。 Hereinafter, illumination devices according to various embodiments will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
(First embodiment)
1, 2, and 3 show the lighting device according to the first embodiment. As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the lighting device 1 includes a base material 2, a light source 6 made of LEDs, and a light guide body 4 having a wedge shape with a bifurcated cross section, and is not shown in the drawing. The light source 6 is turned on by the circuit, and light is irradiated from the light guide 4 to the outside.

基材２は、例えば、細長い矩形板状に形成され、複数の光源６は、この基材の長手方向に沿って直線状に並んで、かつ、互いに所定の間隔を置いて、基材上に設置されている。各光源６は、例えば、ＬＥＤチップと、このＬＥＤチップを覆う封止樹脂とで構成され、封止樹脂にはＬＥＤチップからの１次光線を白色光線に変換する蛍光体粒子が分散配合されている。電力は、図示しない駆動回路を介して光源６に供給され、光源６は、白色光を放出する。この白色光は、基材２の法線方向、すなわち、前方方向に強い光度で光を放出する。 The base material 2 is formed in, for example, an elongated rectangular plate shape, and the plurality of light sources 6 are arranged in a straight line along the longitudinal direction of the base material and at a predetermined interval from each other on the base material. is set up. Each light source 6 includes, for example, an LED chip and a sealing resin that covers the LED chip, and phosphor particles that convert primary light from the LED chip into white light are dispersed and mixed in the sealing resin. Yes. Electric power is supplied to the light source 6 via a drive circuit (not shown), and the light source 6 emits white light. This white light emits light with a strong luminous intensity in the normal direction of the substrate 2, that is, in the forward direction.

導光体４は、光源６を覆って設けられ光源からの光が入射する光入射部４ｃと、この光入射部からそれぞれ延出し、先細のクサビ状の断面形状を有する第１光出射部４ａおよび第２光出射部４ｂと、を有し、例えば、樹脂により一体に成形されている。すなわち、導光体４は、光源６から入射した光を２分する左右対称の２股に分かれた第１および第２光出射部４ａ、４ｂを有し、第１および第２光出射部間の開き角度θは、例えば、２０度としている。そして、導光体４は、第１および第２光出射部４ａ、４ｂを基材２の長手方向に沿って引伸ばした細長い板状に形成されている。第１光出射部４ａおよび第２光出射部４ｂの各々の両面は、透明な光出射面を形成している。 The light guide 4 is provided so as to cover the light source 6, and a light incident portion 4c on which light from the light source enters, and a first light emitting portion 4a extending from the light incident portion and having a tapered wedge-shaped cross-sectional shape. And the second light emitting portion 4b, and are integrally formed of resin, for example. That is, the light guide 4 has first and second light emitting portions 4a and 4b that are divided into two symmetrical bifurcated portions that divide the light incident from the light source 6 into two, and between the first and second light emitting portions. Is set to 20 degrees, for example. The light guide 4 is formed in an elongated plate shape in which the first and second light emitting portions 4 a and 4 b are stretched along the longitudinal direction of the substrate 2. Both surfaces of each of the first light emitting portion 4a and the second light emitting portion 4b form a transparent light emitting surface.

導光体４の光入射部４ｃは、光源６を収納するとともに入射した光を第１および第２光出射部４ａ、４ｂに向けて適時偏向させる凹所と、凹所５の両側に位置し基材２に固定された固定部と、固定部の更に外側に位置する全反射プリズム部とを有している。この光入射部４ｃにより、光源６から放出される全ての光を漏らすことなく第１および第２光出射部４ａ、４ｃに導いている。 The light incident portion 4c of the light guide 4 is located on both sides of the recess 5 for housing the light source 6 and deflecting the incident light to the first and second light emitting portions 4a, 4b at appropriate times. It has the fixed part fixed to the base material 2, and the total reflection prism part located in the further outer side of a fixed part. The light incident portion 4c guides all the light emitted from the light source 6 to the first and second light emitting portions 4a and 4c without leaking.

第１および第２光出射部４ａ、４ｃに導かれた光は、クサビ状断面内で全反射を繰り返すうちに全反射できる臨界角を超えて光出射部の光出射面から外部に漏れ出す。この漏れ出す光は、図３に矢印で示すように、クサビ形状の先細の突出方向に偏った配光分布を持つ。このような偏った配光分布をもって出射される光を活用して照明装置の配光を制御している。 The light guided to the first and second light emitting portions 4a and 4c leaks out from the light emitting surface of the light emitting portion beyond the critical angle at which total reflection is possible while repeating total reflection within the wedge-shaped cross section. The leaking light has a light distribution distributed in the wedge-shaped tapered protruding direction as indicated by arrows in FIG. The light distribution of the lighting device is controlled by utilizing the light emitted with such a biased light distribution.

ここで、第１および第２光出射部４ａ、４ｂの各々は、表裏２面の光出射面を有するため、１つの光出射部４ａ又は４ｂが外部に放出する光の配光分布では表裏面に対応する２つの最大光度が現れる。本実施形態では、２つの最大光度の開き角度α（α１＋α２）は、例えば６０度である。この２つの最大光度の開き角度αは、第１および第２光出射部４ａ、４ｃを鋭角に形成し、あるいは、表面処理を鏡面に仕上げることで小さくなり、その逆の場合は、大きくなり、開き角度αの制御範囲は概ね２０〜８０度となる。また、第１光出射部４ａと第２光出射部４ｂと間の開き角θは、第１および第２光出射部の各々の両面から出射される光の最大光度方向がなす角αよりも小さく形成されている。 Here, since each of the first and second light emitting portions 4a and 4b has two light emitting surfaces, the front and back surfaces are distributed in the light distribution of light emitted from one light emitting portion 4a or 4b to the outside. Two maximum luminous intensities corresponding to In the present embodiment, the opening angle α (α1 + α2) of the two maximum luminous intensity is 60 degrees, for example. The opening angle α between the two maximum luminous intensities is reduced by forming the first and second light emitting portions 4a and 4c at an acute angle, or by finishing the surface treatment into a mirror surface, and vice versa. The control range of the opening angle α is approximately 20 to 80 degrees. Further, the opening angle θ between the first light emitting portion 4a and the second light emitting portion 4b is larger than the angle α formed by the maximum luminous intensity direction of light emitted from both surfaces of the first and second light emitting portions. It is formed small.

本実施形態では、第１および第２光出射部４ａ、４ｂを２股とすることで、上述した表裏２面の最大光度の中間部分の光度低下を補うべく、２股の開き角度を２０度として、それぞれの光出射部の表裏両光出射面から放出される最大光度が良好に分散し、図４および図５に示すように、前方方向βが１００度の範囲に略均等な光度で光を照射するように構成している。 In the present embodiment, the first and second light emitting portions 4a and 4b are divided into two forks, so that the opening angle of the two forks is set to 20 degrees so as to compensate for the decrease in luminous intensity at the intermediate portion of the maximum luminous intensity on the front and back surfaces. As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the maximum luminous intensity emitted from both the front and back light emitting surfaces of each light emitting part is well dispersed, and the light is emitted with a substantially uniform luminous intensity within a range where the forward direction β is 100 degrees. Is configured to irradiate.

第１および第２光出射部４ａ、４ｂを２股とし、その２股の開き角度θを、１つの光出射部の表裏面が出射する最大光度の開き角度αよりも小さく（θ＜α）に設定することで、計４つの光出射面が形成する最大光度ピークを分散させ、均等な光度分布を実現することができる。 The first and second light emitting portions 4a and 4b are divided into two forks, and the opening angle θ of the two forks is smaller than the opening angle α of the maximum luminous intensity emitted from the front and back surfaces of one light emitting portion (θ <α). By setting to, it is possible to disperse the maximum luminous intensity peak formed by a total of four light emitting surfaces and realize an even luminous intensity distribution.

第１および第２光出射部４ａ、４ｂを２股とすることで、２つの光出射部の間に全反射させる谷部を形成することができ、光源６の光を余すことなく第１および第２光出射部４ａ、４ｂに導くとともに、導光体４を薄く設計することが可能となる。 By making the first and second light emitting portions 4a and 4b into two forks, a trough portion that totally reflects between the two light emitting portions can be formed, and the first and second light sources 6 can be used without leaving the light. The light guide 4 can be designed to be thin while being guided to the second light emitting portions 4a and 4b.

また、図５より判るように、照明装置１が照射する光の配光分布は、照明装置１の前方１００度の範囲に限定されており、それよりも側面側には光がほとんど出射しない。このため、側面方向への不要な眩しさを与えないばかりか、側面方向から導光体４を見ても一見光っていることが判らないようになっている。 Further, as can be seen from FIG. 5, the light distribution of the light emitted from the lighting device 1 is limited to a range of 100 degrees in front of the lighting device 1, and almost no light is emitted to the side surface side. For this reason, it does not give unnecessary glare in the side surface direction, and it cannot be seen that the light guide 4 is seen at first glance from the side surface direction.

本実施形態によれば、吸収をともなう反射部材を使わず、損失の無いフレネル反射を多用して照明装置１の配光分布を制御しており、構造が簡易であるとともに、光源から放出される光の利用効率が極めて高くなる利点がある。
以上のことから、本実施形態によれば、簡単な構成で必要な照射範囲に合わせて配光分布を制御できる照明装置が得られる。 According to the present embodiment, the light distribution of the lighting device 1 is controlled by using Fresnel reflection without loss without using a reflecting member with absorption, and the structure is simple and the light is emitted from the light source. There is an advantage that the light utilization efficiency is extremely high.
From the above, according to the present embodiment, it is possible to obtain an illuminating device that can control the light distribution according to the required irradiation range with a simple configuration.

なお、第１の実施形態では、光源６としてＬＥＤを用いたが、その他の光源を用いてもよい。また、クサビ状断面形状や開き角は、適時照明装置に望まれる配光分布や意匠性にあわせて変更することができる。また、クサビ状断面形状はそのままで、導光体４の光出射面を荒く形成し、あるいは、導光体に若干の散乱フィラを混ぜることで、光出射部の光出射面からの配光分布が鋭くなり過ぎるのを緩和するようにしてもよい。クサビ状断面形状や開き角は、導光体４の長手方向の位置により順次変えた構成としてもよい。照明装置１の長手方向には光源６と導光体４が同じ構造で連なっているが、長手方向に沿って導光体の形状を変えることで、照明装置全体としての配光分布をより高度に制御することができる。更に、第１光出射部４ａと第２光出射部４ｂとで、クサビ状断面形状が互いに異なっていてもよい。 In the first embodiment, an LED is used as the light source 6, but other light sources may be used. In addition, the wedge-shaped cross-sectional shape and the opening angle can be changed according to the light distribution and design characteristics desired for the timely lighting device. In addition, the light distribution distribution from the light exit surface of the light exit section can be obtained by roughing the light exit surface of the light guide 4 or mixing a few scattering fillers in the light guide without changing the wedge-shaped cross-sectional shape. You may make it relieve that it becomes too sharp. The wedge-shaped cross-sectional shape and the opening angle may be sequentially changed according to the position of the light guide 4 in the longitudinal direction. The light source 6 and the light guide 4 are connected in the longitudinal direction of the lighting device 1 with the same structure, but by changing the shape of the light guide along the longitudinal direction, the light distribution distribution as a whole of the lighting device can be improved. Can be controlled. Further, the first light emitting portion 4a and the second light emitting portion 4b may have different wedge-shaped cross-sectional shapes.

次に、他の実施形態に係る照明装置について説明する。後述する他の実施形態において、前述した第１の実施形態と同一の部分には同一の参照符号を付してその詳細な説明を省略する。 Next, a lighting device according to another embodiment will be described. In other embodiments to be described later, the same parts as those in the first embodiment described above are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.

（第２の実施形態）
図６は、第２の実施形態に係る照明装置の断面図である。第２の実施形態によれば、導光体４は、単一の光出射部４ａを有し、その断面形状はクサビ状に形成され、光入射部４ｃから前方に向かって先細に延出している。導光体４を除く、照明装置１の基本的な構成は、前述した第１の実施形態と同一である。 (Second Embodiment)
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the illumination device according to the second embodiment. According to the second embodiment, the light guide 4 has a single light emitting portion 4a, the cross-sectional shape thereof is formed in a wedge shape, and tapers forward from the light incident portion 4c. Yes. The basic configuration of the lighting device 1 excluding the light guide 4 is the same as that of the first embodiment described above.

光出射部４ａが１つの場合、光源６から放出される光の全てを利用する設計では導光体４が図示したように太くなるが、第１の実施形態と同様に、光出射部４ａの側面方向へはほとんど光を発しない配光分布を実現することができる。 In the case where there is one light emitting portion 4a, the light guide 4 becomes thick as shown in the design using all of the light emitted from the light source 6, but as in the first embodiment, the light emitting portion 4a A light distribution that hardly emits light in the lateral direction can be realized.

なお、本実施形態では、光出射部４ａの先端と根元部とでクサビ角度を変えており、これにより照射範囲内での光度均一化を図っている。 In the present embodiment, the wedge angle is changed between the tip and the base of the light emitting portion 4a, thereby achieving uniform light intensity within the irradiation range.

（第３の実施形態）
図７は、第３の実施形態に係る照明装置の断面図である。本実施形態によれば、導光体４は、それぞれクサビ状の断面形状を有する３つの光出射部４ａ、４ｂ、４ｄを有し、計６つの光出射面から放出される光の配光分布を最適化することで、照射範囲の光度均一化を強化したものである。ここでは、２股に分かれる第１光出射部４ａおよび第２光出射部４ｂの間に、第３光出射部４ｄが設けられ、この第３光出射部４は、第１および第２光出射部よりも低い高さに形成されている。 (Third embodiment)
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the illumination device according to the third embodiment. According to the present embodiment, the light guide 4 has three light emitting portions 4a, 4b, and 4d each having a wedge-shaped cross section, and the light distribution of light emitted from a total of six light emitting surfaces. By optimizing the light intensity, the light intensity uniformity in the irradiation range is enhanced. Here, a third light emitting portion 4d is provided between the first light emitting portion 4a and the second light emitting portion 4b which are divided into two forks, and the third light emitting portion 4 is provided with the first and second light emitting portions. It is formed at a lower height than the part.

図８に示す第１変形例のように、導光体４は、それぞれクサビ状の断面形状を有する４つの光出射部４ａ、４ｂ、４ｄ、４ｅを備え、照度範囲の光度の一層の均一化を図るようにしてもよい。 As in the first modification shown in FIG. 8, the light guide 4 includes four light emitting portions 4 a, 4 b, 4 d, and 4 e each having a wedge-shaped cross-sectional shape, and further uniforms the light intensity in the illuminance range. You may make it plan.

なお、制御する配光分布は、所望の角度範囲内の光度均一化だけでなく、正面より斜め方向で光度を強くしてもよい。例えば、デスクライトでは机の範疇に照射範囲が決められ、この範囲の机上の照度、つまり平面上での照度の均一化が求められる。このような用途では、正面より斜め方向の光度を強くして、照明装置から机までの距離が長くなる斜め方向を強くすることで、机上での均一な照度を実現することができる。このような用途においても、本実施形態の照明装置１では配光分布の十分な制御性を有することができる。 Note that the light distribution to be controlled may be not only uniform in the desired angle range but also intensified in the oblique direction from the front. For example, in a desk light, an irradiation range is determined in the category of a desk, and the illuminance on the desk in this range, that is, the illuminance on a plane is required to be uniform. In such an application, it is possible to achieve uniform illuminance on the desk by increasing the luminous intensity in the diagonal direction from the front and increasing the diagonal direction in which the distance from the lighting device to the desk is increased. Even in such applications, the lighting device 1 of the present embodiment can have sufficient controllability of the light distribution.

（第４の実施形態）
図９は、第４の実施形態に係る照明装置の長手方向に沿った断面図である。
本実施形態によれば、照明装置１の基本的な構成は第１の実施形態と同じであるが、光源６が直線配列されている長手方向に沿った導光体４の断面形状が相違している。すなわち、導光体４の光入射部４ｃには、点状の光源６にあわせて複数のプリズム構造部８ａが設けられている。これにより、導光体４の長手方向に沿った光源６の点状のムラを緩和させている。すなわち、光源６に対向する光入射部４ｃのプリズム構造部８ａにより、入射光を横方向へ広げるとともに、隣合う２つの光源６間にプリズム構造部８ａにより導光体４内の光を正面方向へ全反射させる構成としている。 (Fourth embodiment)
FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of the lighting device according to the fourth embodiment along the longitudinal direction.
According to this embodiment, the basic configuration of the lighting device 1 is the same as that of the first embodiment, but the cross-sectional shape of the light guide 4 along the longitudinal direction in which the light sources 6 are linearly arranged is different. ing. That is, the light incident portion 4 c of the light guide 4 is provided with a plurality of prism structure portions 8 a corresponding to the point light sources 6. Thereby, the spot-like nonuniformity of the light source 6 along the longitudinal direction of the light guide 4 is reduced. That is, the incident light is spread in the lateral direction by the prism structure portion 8a of the light incident portion 4c facing the light source 6, and the light in the light guide 4 is transmitted between the two adjacent light sources 6 by the prism structure portion 8a in the front direction. It is configured to totally reflect.

これにより、点状のムラが緩和されるとともに、照明装置１の長手方向に沿った配光分布を側面方向に出にくい方向に制御することができる。 Thereby, the spot-shaped unevenness is alleviated and the light distribution along the longitudinal direction of the lighting device 1 can be controlled in a direction in which it is difficult to come out in the side surface direction.

図１０に示す第２変形例のように、導光体４の光出射部の先端側に谷状の切り込み（先端側プリズム構造部）８ｂを更に設け、光源から正面方向に入射する強い光を左右に散らす構成としてもよい。第２変形例では、導光体４の光出射部の先端側プリズム構造部８ｂと光入射部側のプリズム構造部８ａを併用する構成を示したが、先端側プリズム構造部８ｂのみとして長手方向の配光分布を積極的に広げることも可能である。
以上のように、導光体４にプリズム構造部を設けることにより、長手方向の配光分布を制御することができる。 As in the second modification shown in FIG. 10, a trough-shaped notch (tip-side prism structure) 8b is further provided on the distal end side of the light emitting portion of the light guide 4, and strong light incident in the front direction from the light source is provided. It is good also as a structure scattered on right and left. In the second modification, the configuration in which the front-end-side prism structure portion 8b of the light emitting portion of the light guide 4 is combined with the prism-structure portion 8a on the light-incident portion side is shown. It is also possible to positively broaden the light distribution.
As described above, the light distribution in the longitudinal direction can be controlled by providing the light guide 4 with the prism structure.

（第５の実施形態）
図１１は、第５の実施形態に係る照明装置の一部を破断して示す斜視図である。
前述した実施形態では、基材および導光体は細長い直線状としたが、第５の実施形態では、基材２は、円盤状に形成され、複数の光源６は、基材２上にサークル状に並んで配置されている。また、導光体４は、それぞれクサビ状の断面形状を有する２股の第１および第２光出射部４ａを中心軸の回りでサークル状に掃引した形状に形成されている。すなわち、導光体４は、ほぼ円形の光入射部４ｃと、この光入射部４ｃからほぼラッパ状に延出する光出射部４ａとを一体に有している。 (Fifth embodiment)
FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing a part of the lighting apparatus according to the fifth embodiment in a cutaway manner.
In the above-described embodiment, the base material and the light guide are elongated and linear, but in the fifth embodiment, the base material 2 is formed in a disk shape, and the plurality of light sources 6 are arranged on the base material 2 in a circle. Are arranged side by side. In addition, the light guide 4 is formed in a shape in which the forked first and second light emitting portions 4a each having a wedge-shaped cross-sectional shape are swept in a circle around the central axis. That is, the light guide 4 integrally includes a substantially circular light incident portion 4c and a light emitting portion 4a extending from the light incident portion 4c in a substantially trumpet shape.

上記構成によれば、正面方向略１００度の範囲のみを照射する照明装置を実現することができる。なお、本実施形態でも、前述した様々な変形が可能である。 According to the said structure, the illuminating device which irradiates only the range of about 100 degree | times of a front direction is realizable. Also in the present embodiment, the various modifications described above are possible.

（第６の実施形態）
図１２は、第６の実施形態に係る照明装置の一部を破断して示す斜視図である。
本実施形態によれば、基材２は、円盤状あるいは円環状に形成され、複数の光源６は、基材２上にサークル状に並んで配置されている。また、導光体４は、それぞれクサビ状の断面形状を有する２股の第１および第２光出射部４ａ、４ｃを中心軸の回りでサークル状に回転掃引した形状に形成されている。すなわち、導光体４は、ほぼ円環状の光入射部４ｃと、この光入射部４ｃから延出する円環状の第１および第２光出射部４ａ、４ｃとを一体に有している。 (Sixth embodiment)
FIG. 12 is a perspective view showing a part of the lighting apparatus according to the sixth embodiment in a cutaway manner.
According to this embodiment, the base material 2 is formed in a disk shape or an annular shape, and the plurality of light sources 6 are arranged in a circle on the base material 2. The light guide 4 is formed in a shape obtained by rotating and sweeping the forked first and second light emitting portions 4a and 4c, each having a wedge-shaped cross section, in a circle around the central axis. That is, the light guide 4 integrally includes a substantially annular light incident portion 4c and annular first and second light emitting portions 4a and 4c extending from the light incident portion 4c.

このような構成においても、正面方向略１００度の範囲のみを照射する照明装置１を実現することができる。なお、導光体４としては、これまでに説明したような様々な断面を用いて所望の配光分布を制御してもよいし、前述した照明装置１を複数配列して大光量の照明装置としてもよい。 Even in such a configuration, it is possible to realize the illumination device 1 that irradiates only a range of approximately 100 degrees in the front direction. In addition, as the light guide 4, a desired light distribution may be controlled using various cross sections as described above, or a plurality of the above-described illuminating devices 1 are arranged to provide a large amount of illuminating device. It is good.

上述した第２ないし第６の実施形態においても、第１の実施形態と同様に、簡単な構成で必要な照射範囲に合わせて配光分布を制御できる照明装置を提供することができる。 Also in the second to sixth embodiments described above, similarly to the first embodiment, it is possible to provide an illuminating device that can control a light distribution according to a necessary irradiation range with a simple configuration.

本発明は上記実施形態そのままに限定されるものではなく、実施段階ではその要旨を逸脱しない範囲で構成要素を変形して具体化できる。また、上記実施形態に開示されている複数の構成要素の適宜な組み合わせにより、種々の発明を形成できる。例えば、実施形態に示される全構成要素から幾つかの構成要素を削除してもよい。さらに、異なる実施形態にわたる構成要素を適宜組み合わせてもよい。
例えば、光源の数や種類も特に規定するものではなく、前方に強い指向性のある光源であれば本発明の作用を適用することができる。また、導光体の光出射部のクサビ状断面は、直線状の両側縁を有する形状としたが、すなわち、光出射部は、平坦な光出射面を有する構成としたが、これに限らず、光出射面は、光入射部側から先端側に向かって湾曲する出射面としてもよい。 The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments as they are, and can be embodied by modifying the constituent elements without departing from the scope of the invention in the implementation stage. In addition, various inventions can be formed by appropriately combining a plurality of components disclosed in the embodiment. For example, some components may be deleted from all the components shown in the embodiment. Furthermore, constituent elements over different embodiments may be appropriately combined.
For example, the number and type of light sources are not particularly specified, and the action of the present invention can be applied to any light source having strong directivity in the front. Further, the wedge-shaped cross section of the light emitting portion of the light guide has a shape having straight side edges, that is, the light emitting portion is configured to have a flat light emitting surface. The light exit surface may be an exit surface that curves from the light incident portion side toward the distal end side.

１…照明装置、２…基材、４…導光体、４ａ、４ｂ、４ｄ、４ｅ…光出射部、
４ｃ…光入射部、６…光源、８ａ、８ｂ…プリズム構造部 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Illuminating device, 2 ... Base material, 4 ... Light guide, 4a, 4b, 4d, 4e ... Light-emitting part,
4c ... light incident part, 6 ... light source, 8a, 8b ... prism structure part

Claims

A base material, a light source disposed on the base material, and a light guide that covers the light source and is attached to the base material,
The light guide includes a light incident portion on which light from the light source is incident, and a light emitting portion extending from the light incident portion and having a tapered wedge-shaped cross-sectional shape,
An illuminating device that uses light with a biased distribution in which light exceeding a critical angle is emitted from both sides of the light emitting portion to the outside while being reflected and guided in the light emitting portion.

The lighting device according to claim 1, wherein a light emitting surface of the light emitting portion of the light guide is transparent.

2. The illumination device according to claim 1, wherein each of the light guides includes a first light emission part and a second light emission part light emission part each extending from the light incidence part and having a tapered wedge-shaped cross-sectional shape. .

The opening angle between the first light emitting part and the second light emitting part is smaller than an angle formed by the maximum luminous intensity direction of light emitted from both surfaces of each of the first and second light emitting parts. The lighting device described.

5. The illumination device according to claim 3, wherein an opening angle between the first light emitting unit and the second light emitting unit varies depending on a portion in the extending direction of the first and second light emitting units.

The light source includes a plurality of light sources, the light sources are arranged in a line shape, a dot shape, or a circle shape, and the light emitting portion of the light guide body is arranged along the light source array. The lighting device according to claim 1, wherein the lighting device has a shape in which a wedge-shaped cross section is extended.

The lighting device according to claim 5, wherein the light guide has a prism structure that deflects light in a direction along the light source array.