JP2013059349A - Calcium absorption accelerating composition - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a food additive for calcium absorption accelerating which enables a further increase of intake of calcium from the small intestine than the calcium absorption accelerating material having been proposed up to now.SOLUTION: There is provided a food additive for calcium absorption accelerating comprising calcium and cryptoxanthin and/or derivatives thereof.

Description

  The present invention relates to a composition that is used as a food, feed, medicine, and its material and promotes the absorption of calcium into the living body.

  Calcium is mainly present in bone tissue, but if its intake is insufficient, it is known to be related to bone diseases such as osteoporosis, periodontal disease, hypertension, colon cancer, ischemic heart disease, endocrine disease, etc. . Among them, with the progress of an aging society, osteoporosis, in which bone density decreases with age and becomes easy to break, has become a serious problem. Osteoporosis can cause lumbar and femoral fractures due to decreased bone mineral density, leading to bedridden conditions.In particular, women can be prone to osteoporosis due to a rapid decrease in bone mineral density due to decreased estrogen secretion due to menopause. It is clear. In the treatment of osteoporosis, it is not easy to restore the bone mineral content once reduced, and it is very important to prevent from young age and prevent a sudden decrease in bone mineral content after menopause. It has been.

  In order to prevent osteoporosis, it is important to increase bone mass from a young age. To that end, it is necessary to pay attention to appropriate exercise and daily food intake, especially to increase bone mass. It is important to take more calcium. However, it is difficult to take a sufficient amount of calcium in the Japanese diet, and the absorption rate of calcium is low, so if you want to take the necessary amount of calcium, supplement a large amount of calcium as a supplement, etc. It is necessary to ingest. Therefore, if it becomes possible to increase the absorption rate of calcium, it becomes easy to effectively use the ingested calcium in the body, and the necessary amount can be supplemented by a small amount of intake.

  Therefore, combinations of materials that can promote calcium absorption are being studied. For example, calcium and (1) vitamin D (for example, refer nonpatent literature 1), (2) polysaccharides, such as chitin, chitosan, chondroitin sulfate (for example, refer patent document 1), (3) citric acid, malic acid, etc. Organic acids (for example, see Patent Document 2), (4) sugars such as lactose and fructooligosaccharides (for example, see Patent Document 3), and (5) milk-related materials such as casein phosphopeptide (for example, see Non-Patent Document 2) ), (6) Soy protein (see, for example, Patent Document 4) has been studied so far.

“Supplement Guidebook”, CMP Japan, published in October 2003, p82, Journal of Japanese Society for Nutrition Food, 39, 433 (1986)

Japanese Patent No. 3131385 JP-A-56-97248 JP 7-252156 A JP 2001-163800 A

  However, most of these materials are intended to promote the absorption of calcium in the large intestine region by lowering the pH in the large intestine to the acidic side. By preventing it, it promotes absorption and is not a material that actively promotes absorption. Since the main absorption site of calcium is the upper part of the small intestine, the materials proposed so far are not yet a sufficient combination to reduce the intake of calcium.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a composition capable of enhancing the intake from the small intestine as compared with the calcium absorption promoting materials proposed so far. It is what.

  As a result of intensive studies to solve such problems, the present inventor can promote calcium absorption by ingesting a composition containing calcium and carotenoid as active ingredients, and further, osteoporosis / dental The present inventors have found a calcium absorption promoting composition that is highly effective in improving bone diseases such as periosis and is very safe, and has completed the present invention.

  That is, the present invention firstly provides a calcium absorption promoting composition containing calcium and carotenoid, preferably the carotenoid is cryptoxanthin and / or a derivative thereof, and the carotenoid is citrus. It is derived from a fruit and / or processed product thereof, more preferably calcium is derived from a plant and / or processed product thereof, and secondly, a food or drink containing the calcium absorption promoting composition. The gist is a pharmaceutical or feed, and the gist is a food or drink, a medicinal product, or a feed that is used for the prevention or treatment of bone diseases.

  According to the present invention, a large amount of calcium can be absorbed into the body with a small amount of calcium intake, and the effect of promoting the absorption of calcium increases the effect of preventing and treating bone diseases. Moreover, since it becomes good by ingestion of a small quantity, when mix | blending with food-drinks, a compounding design becomes easy.

The rats subjected to ovariectomy were normally bred for 4 weeks, and then the compositions of Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 were forcibly administered for 4 weeks, and the bone weight of the femurs in the Sham group and OVX group are shown. FIG. 4 shows the bone mineral density of femurs in rats subjected to ovariectomy for 4 weeks and then forcibly administered the compositions of Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 for 4 weeks and in the Sham group and OVX group. FIG.

  The present invention will be described in detail below.

  Carotenoid in the present invention is not particularly limited, for example, α-carotene, β-carotene, γ-carotene, cryptoxanthine, astaxanthin, canthaxanthin, lutein, zeaxanthin, lycopene, tunaxanthin, fucoxanthin, etc. And derivatives thereof. Carotenoid derivatives include structurally acceptable derivatives having a carotenoid skeleton, typically fatty acid esters. Examples of the fatty acid ester include xanthophyl palmitoyl ester, myristoyl ester, and lauryl ester. Among these, cryptoxanthin and its derivatives have a high calcium absorption promoting effect and cryptoxanthin itself has been confirmed to prevent and treat osteoporosis, periodontal disease, rheumatism, etc. Is a preferable composition.

  The citrus fruits in the present invention are fruits such as Wenzhou mandarin oranges, Iyo mandarin, Summer mandarin oranges, Yawata, Ponkan, Navel orange, Lemon, Valencia orange, grapefruit (including varieties equivalent or similar to these).

  The processed product of citrus fruit in the present invention is not limited as long as it is processed fruit, but the fruit is extracted with an enzyme or a solvent and the carotenoid content is enhanced (the concentration is increased). It is preferred that The manufacturing method is as follows.

  Fruit or its juice residue (after squeezing with an inline squeezing machine, chopper helper squeezing machine, brown squeezing machine, etc., then preparing a fruit juice by filtering or sieving with a paddle type or screw type finisher, etc., or centrifuging The enzyme used in the enzymatic treatment of the collected squeezed residue) is not particularly limited as long as it is capable of degrading organic substances contained in the fruit, particularly biopolymers constituting cell walls, Amylase, glucoamylase, cellulase, hemicellulase, pectinase, mannanase, xylanase, protease, peptidase, lipase, maceration enzyme (cell wall degrading enzyme) and the like are used. Among them, cellulase, hemicellulase, pectinase, mannanase, xylanase, and malation enzyme, which are carbohydrate hydrolases, are preferable enzymes because of their high efficiency of strengthening carotenoids and flavonoids, which are active ingredients.

  As the enzyme agent to be added, these purified enzymes may be used, or microbial cells or cultures exhibiting these activities, or crudely purified products thereof may be used. Commercially available enzymes can also be used. For example, for pectinase, Sumiteam PX (manufactured by Shinnippon Chemical Co., Ltd.), Sumiteam SPC (manufactured by Shinnippon Chemical Co., Ltd.), pectinex SRL (manufactured by Novozymes Japan Ltd.) ), Sumiteam PMAC (manufactured by Shinnippon Kagaku Kogyo Co., Ltd.), etc., and cellulosin GM5 (manufactured by HIBI), cellulosin HC (manufactured by HIBI), etc. can be used as the hemicellulase. Cellulase Y-NC (manufactured by Yakult Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.), Entilon MCH (Pinto Kasei Kogyo Co., Ltd.), Cellulase R10 (manufactured by Yakult Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.), Sumiteam CAP (manufactured by Shin Nippon Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.), Cellulase TP-3 (Kyowa Kasei Co., Ltd.) can be used, As the protease, protease M (manufactured by Amano Enzyme Co., Ltd.), orientase 20A (manufactured by HBI Co., Ltd.) and the like can be used. These enzymes may be used alone, or two or more kinds of enzymes may be mixed and used.

  The amount of the enzyme to be added is not particularly limited, and may be added according to the reactivity of the enzyme. For example, if pectinase is used, it is preferably 1 to 100,000 units, more preferably 10 to 10,000 units, with respect to 100 g of the juice residue.

  After the enzyme is added, the enzyme and the extract are uniformly mixed by stirring or the like to allow the enzyme reaction to proceed. As the reaction temperature at this time, it is desirable to carry out the reaction under conditions where the enzyme is not inactivated and is not easily spoiled, and where carotenoids, flavonoids and derivatives thereof are not lost. Specifically, the temperature is 0 ° C to 90 ° C, preferably 0 ° C to 80 ° C, and more preferably 0 ° C to 70 ° C. Needless to say, the pH of the reaction is preferably carried out under the optimum conditions of the enzyme, and it is preferably pH 2 to 12, preferably pH 2.5 to 8. The reaction time depends on the squeezed residue used and the amount of the enzyme, but it is usually preferable to set the reaction time to 1 to 48 hours. In the reaction, the reaction may be performed while stirring the reaction product, or may be a stationary reaction.

  After completion of the enzyme treatment, the enzyme-treated reaction product may be used as it is, or a product that has undergone some processing may be used. Specifically, a residue obtained by solid-liquid separation of the reaction product, a product obtained by drying the residue obtained by solid-liquid separation, or a product obtained by drying the reaction product as it is without solid-liquid separation may be used.

  Moreover, what concentrated the component using the solvent (a supercritical carbon dioxide is included) etc. about the fruit, its juice residue, the fruit after an enzyme process, etc. may be sufficient. When extracting with a solvent, alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, propanol and isopropanol, ketones such as acetone and methyl ethyl ketone, esters such as methyl acetate and ethyl acetate, and halogenated hydrocarbons such as acetonitrile and chloroform Extraction may be performed using aliphatic hydrocarbons such as pentane and hexane, aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene and toluene, ethers, pyridines, polyethers, supercritical carbon dioxide, and the like. Of these, acetone, ethanol, hexane, and supercritical carbon dioxide are particularly preferable from the viewpoint of safety.

  Further, impurities may be subsequently removed. Examples of the impurity removal method include water washing, organic solvent washing, silica gel column, resin column, reverse phase column and the like, activated carbon treatment, partitioning with solvents of different polarity, recrystallization method, vacuum distillation method and the like. . In particular, the solvent extract and the enzyme treatment reaction product are separated into solid and liquid, and water is added, followed by solid-liquid separation again. Water washing, which can be easily removed, is a preferred method.

  The calcium in the present invention is not particularly limited, but tricalcium citrate, calcium carbonate, calcium lactate, tricalcium phosphate, calcium monohydrogen phosphate, calcium dihydrogen phosphate, calcium chloride, calcium gluconate Pulverized fish and animal bones, eggshells, shells, corals, etc., seaweed such as kombu, hijiki, wakame, red algae, beans such as soybeans, calcium processed from plants such as sesame seeds, morohea, etc. However, it is preferable to use plant-derived calcium which has high absorbability and excellent bioavailability.

  In the calcium absorption promoting composition of the present invention, the content of calcium and carotenoid is 0.00001% by mass to 5% by mass, preferably 0.0001% by mass to 2% by mass, and more preferably based on calcium. 0.001 mass%-1 mass% should just be contained.

  The calcium absorption promoting composition of the present invention may contain a substance having an effect of promoting calcium absorption other than carotenoids. In this case, the blending amount is preferably 0.01% by mass to 95% by mass as the amount of substances other than calcium and carotenoid. As substances having an effect of promoting absorption of calcium other than carotenoids, known substances can be used so far. For example, various oligosaccharides such as galactooligosaccharide, fructooligosaccharide and lactosucrose, and vitamins such as vitamin D Peptides such as amino acids, proteins and casein phosphopeptides, polysaccharides such as chondroitin sulfate, extracts such as plants and shellfish, organic acids such as citric acid and apples are preferably used alone or in combination.

  The method of orally ingesting the calcium absorption promoting composition of the present invention may be ingested as it is alone or in any form of solid, gel or liquid. In addition, it may be processed and taken into powders, tablets, granules, capsules, gels, soft capsules, pastes, syrups, suspensions, emulsions, drinks, and the like. In addition, other nutrients such as carbohydrates, lipids, vitamins, and minerals may be included.

  Another invention of the present invention is a food / beverage product, a feed and a medicine containing the calcium absorption promoting composition of the present invention described above. As a pharmaceutical, it can be ingested in any form such as powder, tablet, granule, capsule, suspension, syrup, internal solution, troche, etc., depending on the form, bulking agent, diluent, Excipients such as solvents, fillers, solubilizers, solubilizers, emulsifiers, suspending agents, dispersants, binders, lubricants, coating agents, sustained release agents, antioxidants, preservatives, It may contain brighteners, sweeteners, colorants, flavoring agents and the like.

  The food and drink of the present invention includes all foods and / or beverages such as foods for specified health use, health foods and functional foods in addition to general foods. The food and / or beverage is not particularly limited. For example, in addition to the above-mentioned pharmaceutical form, bread, udon, buckwheat, rice, and other staple foods, cheese, wiener, sausage, ham, seafood Processed foods, ice cream, cookies, cakes, jelly, pudding, candy, chewing gum, yogurt, gummy, chocolate, biscuits and other sweets, soft drinks, seasonings, alcoholic beverages, energy drinks, coffee, tea And beverages such as milk, fruit juices, and soft drinks.

  As feed, for example, cereals such as corn, wheat, barley and rye, bran such as bran and rice bran, potatoes such as corn gluten meal and corn jam meal, skimmed milk powder, It can be produced by blending animal feeds such as whey, fish meal and bone meal, yeasts such as brewer's yeast, vitamins, fats and oils, amino acids, sugars and the like. As a form of feed, it can be used for pet food, livestock feed, feed for cultured fish, and the like.

  Examples of the present invention will be described below. The present invention is not limited in scope to this example.

  In addition, the high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used for the measurement of the amount of β-cryptoxanthin and the amount of β-carotene. Specifically, Shimadzu LC-10A was used as the HPLC apparatus, a Waters Resolve C18 (φ3.9 × 150 mm) column was connected, a sample to which an equal amount of methanol was added, and methanol: ethyl acetate was used as the mobile phase. = 7: 3, column temperature 30 ° C., flow rate 1.0 ml / min, detection wavelength 450 nm.

Reference example 1
The residue after squeezing the fruit juice from Unshu mandarin orange (Unshu mandarin orange juice lees, moisture content about 90%), pectinase enzyme agent Sumiteam PX (made by Shin Nippon Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., unit number: pectinase 5,000u / g for food processing) , 10 g of arabanase 90 u / g) and 10 g of cellulase, hemicellulase enzyme cellulase Y-NC (manufactured by Yakult Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., unit number: cellulase 30,000 u / g), stir well and let stand at room temperature for 8 hours. The reaction was carried out. This reaction solution is centrifuged, the supernatant is removed, water is added and stirred, the supernatant is removed again by centrifugation, and the drum temperature is set to 110 ° C., rotating at 1 rotation / minute. Dried at speed. In 50 g of the powder pulverized by a pulverizer, 0.5 mass% of β-cryptoxanthin (as a free form) and 0.05 mass% of β-carotene were contained.

Reference example 2
8 kg of the residue after squeezing the fruit juice from Unshu mandarin orange (Unshu mandarin orange juice cake, water content of about 90%) was freeze-dried, 5 L of ethanol was added thereto, and the mixture was stirred for 1 hour to extract β-cryptoxanthin. Filtration was performed to collect the ethanol fraction, and ethanol was distilled off using an evaporator to obtain Unshu orange extract. This extract contained 5% by mass of β-cryptoxanthin (as a free form) and 0.5% by mass of β-carotene. A powder containing 10% by mass of this Satsuma mandarin orange extract and 90% by mass of dextrin (Maldex, manufactured by Nippon Starch Co., Ltd.) was prepared.

Example 1
A preparation was prepared by blending 5 g of the enzyme-treated Satsuma mandarin orange prepared in Reference Example 1 and 95 g of Aqua Mineral T (Fossilized Seaweed, manufactured by Marigot, 34% calcium content).

Example 2
A preparation was prepared by blending 5 g of Unshu mandarin orange extract produced in Reference Example 2, 81 g of calcium carbonate, and 14 g of crystalline cellulose.

Example 3
1.833 g of β-carotene (Carotene powder 15, Saneigen F.F.I, β-carotene content 1.5%) and Aqua Mineral T (Fossilized seaweed, Marigot, calcium content 34%) and crystals A formulation was prepared by blending 3.167 g of cellulose.

Test example 1
A group of 6 9-week-old SD male rats, and the feed prepared in Example 1, Example 2, Example 3, Comparative Example 1 (Aqua Mineral T only), and Comparative Example 2 (Calcium carbonate only). Ingested freely for 5 days. Feed intake was determined for 2 days from the third day of feeding. In all cases, the amount of calcium added to the feed was adjusted to 0.5%. The feces for 2 days were collected, dried with a dryer at 110 ° C., finely ground in a mortar, dissolved in 3N hydrochloric acid, and the calcium content in the feces was analyzed with Calcium Test-Wako (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries). The apparent calcium absorption was calculated using the following equation. Table 1 shows the average daily feed intake, fecal Ca excretion, and Ca absorption rate.
Calcium (Ca) intake = feed intake x Ca content (0.5%)
Calcium absorption rate (%) = (Ca intake−fecal Ca excretion) / Ca intake × 100

Test example 2
12-week-old SD female rats were divided into 6 groups per group, and after ovariectomy (OVX), they were given a normal diet for 4 weeks to create osteoporosis model rats. After 4 weeks, the calcium absorption promoting compositions of Examples 1 and 3 and the compositions of Comparative Example 1 (Aqua Mineral T only) and Comparative Example 2 (Calcium Carbonate only) are suspended in water and a gastric sonde is used. Then, daily oral gavage was performed at 0.5 g / kg body weight as calcium. The feed used the AIN-93 composition and was freely ingested with drinking water. As a control group, a sham (sham surgery) group in which sham operation was performed and water was forcibly administered with a gastric sonde, and an OVX group in which water was forcibly administered with a gastric sonde after performing an ovariectomy operation were used as controls.

  After oral administration for 4 weeks, the mice were sacrificed, the femurs were removed, and the bone weight and bone density by dual energy X-ray absorption measurement (DEXA) were measured. The weight gain was significantly higher in the OVX group compared with the Sham group, but no significant difference was observed between the OVX groups. The measurement results of bone weight and bone density are shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, respectively.

  As apparent from the above test examples, it is clear that carotenoids including cryptoxanthin and β-carotene promote absorption of calcium compared to calcium alone. In addition, even when administered to an osteoporosis model, it is clear that femoral bone mass and bone density can be recovered, and when cryptoxanthin is used, an increased effect on bones is observed due to a synergistic effect with its own effect. It was done.

Example 4
Using the enzyme-treated Satsuma mandarin orange prepared in Example 1, the mixture was mixed well at the following blending ratio, and then tableted to produce a tablet. (% Indicates mass%).

Raw material Enzyme-treated mandarin orange 2.7%
Aqua mineral T
(Marigot Ltd., calcium content 34%) 49%
Reduced maltose starch syrup 46%
Crystalline cellulose 2.3%

Example 5
Using the enzyme-treated Satsuma mandarin orange prepared in Example 1, the mixture was thoroughly mixed and kneaded, and then molded and baked in an oven to produce biscuits. (% Indicates mass%.)

Raw material Enzyme-treated Wenzhou oranges 5%
50% flour
20% sugar
Liquid egg 5%
18.5% butter
Calcium carbonate 1%
Salt 0.5%

Example 6
Using the enzyme-treated Satsuma mandarin orange produced in Example 1, the following blending ratios were used to produce a feed for pig farming. (% Indicates mass%.)

Raw material Enzyme-treated Unshu oranges 2%
Corn 65%
Soybean pod 16.5%
Husma 15.2%
Calcium carbonate 0.6%
Dilime phosphate 0.05%
Sodium chloride 0.3%
Vitamin / mineral mixture 0.35%
(Content of 1 kg of vitamin / mineral mixture: thiamine nitrate 1.5 mg, riboflavin 10.5 mg, pyridoxine hydrochloride 0.75 mg, nicotinamide 9 mg, D-pantothenic acid calcium 16.4 mg, choline hydrochloride 86.4 mg, vitamin A10 , 1,000 IU, Vitamin D 32,000 IU, Tocopherol acetate 10 mg, Mn 50 mg, Fe 50 mg, Cu 10 mg, Zn 50 mg, I 1 mg)

Claims (3)

  A food additive for promoting calcium absorption, comprising calcium and cryptoxanthin and / or a derivative thereof.   The food additive for promoting calcium absorption according to claim 1, wherein cryptoxanthin and / or a derivative thereof is derived from a citrus fruit and / or a processed product thereof.   The food additive for promoting calcium absorption according to claim 1 or 2, wherein calcium is derived from a plant and / or a processed product thereof.

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