JP2013049416A - Structure for automobile - Google Patents

Structure for automobile Download PDF

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JP2013049416A
JP2013049416A JP2012229568A JP2012229568A JP2013049416A JP 2013049416 A JP2013049416 A JP 2013049416A JP 2012229568 A JP2012229568 A JP 2012229568A JP 2012229568 A JP2012229568 A JP 2012229568A JP 2013049416 A JP2013049416 A JP 2013049416A
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structural member
cover
friction stir
flat plate
plate cover
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JP5465763B2 (en
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Toru Komazaki
徹 駒崎
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Honda Motor Co Ltd
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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a structure for an automobile, with which an automobile body can be assembled by utilizing the existing assembly line of the automobile body even when constituting the automobile body structure substantially with a member made of aluminum alloy.SOLUTION: The structure for an automobile includes: a structure member 2 made of aluminum alloy in which a pair of flanges 2b are extended, substantially in parallel with a longitudinal direction along end edges on the opening side; and a cover 3 with which the whole of an opening 2a of the structure member 2 is covered. Then, the structure member 2 and the flat plate cover 3 are subjected to friction stir welding along the longitudinal direction by pushing a probe 4b for frictional stirring into a superimposition part of the flanges 2b and the flat plate cover 3 from the flanges 2b side of the structure member 2 to move the probe. By subjecting the structure member 2 and the flat plate cover 3 to friction stir welding, a closed cross-section is formed.

Description

本発明は、センターピラー等の自動車用構造体に関するものである。   The present invention relates to an automobile structure such as a center pillar.

自動車用構造体であるセンターピラーを、アルミニウム合金の鋳物品からなるピラー構造部材と、アルミニウム合金の鋳物品又は金属板のプレス成形品からなるピラーカバーとにより構成し、ピラー構造部材とピラーカバーを摩擦撹拌接合により一体的に結合することにより製作することが知られている。（特許文献１参照）   The center pillar, which is an automobile structure, is composed of a pillar structure member made of an aluminum alloy cast article and a pillar cover made of an aluminum alloy cast article or a press-formed product of a metal plate, and the pillar structure member and the pillar cover are formed. It is known to manufacture by integrally joining by friction stir welding. (See Patent Document 1)

しかし、自動車の車体構造体は鋼材をプレス成形等によって製作するのが一般的であるので、自動車車体の組立ラインは鋼材同士を溶接すること前提とする設備となっている。従って、特許文献１のようにピラー構造部材をアルミニウム合金の鋳物品とした場合、現状の組立ラインを利用して車体の組立を行うことができないという問題を有している。   However, since an automobile body structure is generally manufactured by press-molding a steel material, an assembly line for an automobile body is a facility premised on welding the steel materials together. Therefore, when the pillar structure member is an aluminum alloy cast article as in Patent Document 1, there is a problem that the vehicle body cannot be assembled using the current assembly line.

特開２００２−２４９０７０号公報JP 2002-249070 A

本発明は上記従来の問題に鑑みてなされ、自動車用構造体を主にアルミニウム合金製の部材で構成した場合であっても、現状の自動車車体の組立ラインを利用して車体の組立を行うことが可能な自動車用構造体を提供することを課題とする。   The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned conventional problems, and even when the automobile structure is mainly composed of aluminum alloy members, the vehicle body is assembled using the current automobile body assembly line. It is an object of the present invention to provide an automobile structure that can be used.

上記課題を解決するため、本発明は、少なくとも１つの面が開口し、開口側の端縁には少なくとも一対のフランジ２ｂが形成され、前記一対のフランジ２ｂが前記開口側の端縁に沿って長手方向に延びることにより略平行となっているアルミニウム合金製の構造部材２と、前記構造部材２の開口２ａの全体を覆う亜鉛鋼板製の平板カバー３とを有し、前記構造部材２と前記平板カバー３とを摩擦撹拌接合することにより閉断面を形成する自動車用構造体において、前記フランジ２ｂと前記平板カバー３の重ね合わせ部に対して、摩擦撹拌用プローブ４ｂを前記構造部材２のフランジ２ｂ側から押し込んで移動させることにより、前記長手方向に沿って前記構造部材２と前記平板カバー３とを摩擦撹拌接合したことを特徴とする自動車用構造体を提供している。   In order to solve the above-described problems, the present invention is configured such that at least one surface is open, and at least one pair of flanges 2b is formed on the edge on the opening side, and the pair of flanges 2b are along the edge on the opening side. It has a structural member 2 made of aluminum alloy that is substantially parallel by extending in the longitudinal direction, and a flat plate cover 3 made of a galvanized steel plate that covers the entire opening 2a of the structural member 2, and the structural member 2 and the In an automobile structure in which a closed cross section is formed by friction stir welding with the flat cover 3, the friction stir probe 4 b is connected to the flange of the structural member 2 with respect to the overlapping portion of the flange 2 b and the flat cover 3. A structural body for automobile, wherein the structural member 2 and the flat cover 3 are friction stir welded along the longitudinal direction by being pushed and moved from the 2b side. It has to offer.

本発明によれば、開口側の端縁に少なくとも一対のフランジ２ｂを形成し、一対のフランジ２ｂを開口側の端縁に沿って長手方向へ略平行に延ばした。また、構造部材の開口の全体を平板カバーで覆うようにした。
この構成において、フランジと平板カバーの重ね合わせ部に対して、摩擦撹拌用プローブをアルミニウム合金製の構造部材のフランジ側から押し込んで移動させることにより、長手方向に沿って構造部材と平板カバーとを摩擦撹拌接合して閉断面を形成する。
これにより、亜鉛鋼板製の平板カバーとアルミニウム合金製の構造部材の接合状態が良好である。 According to the present invention, at least a pair of flanges 2b are formed on the edge on the opening side, and the pair of flanges 2b extend substantially parallel to the longitudinal direction along the edge on the opening side. In addition, the entire opening of the structural member was covered with a flat plate cover.
In this configuration, the structural member and the flat cover are moved along the longitudinal direction by pushing the friction stir probe from the flange side of the structural member made of aluminum alloy to the overlapping portion of the flange and the flat cover. A closed section is formed by friction stir welding.
Thereby, the joining state of the flat plate cover made from a galvanized steel plate and the structural member made from an aluminum alloy is favorable.

以下、本発明の実施の形態について図面を用いて説明する。   Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

図１に示すように、自動車用構造体としてのセンターピラー１は、車体の前後方向と平行な一つの面が開口する縦長の箱型に成形された構造部材２を有している。構造部材２の開口２ａ側の端縁には、端縁から外方に向かって突出するフランジ２ｂが全周にわたって一体形成されている。構造部材２はアルミニウム合金をダイカスト法で成形することにより製作されている。また、センターピラー１は、構造部材２の開口２ａを覆うカバー３を有している。カバー３は亜鉛鋼板をプレス成形することにより製作されている。構造部材２とカバー３とは結合されることにより、中空の閉塞断面を形成する。   As shown in FIG. 1, a center pillar 1 as an automobile structure has a structural member 2 formed into a vertically long box shape in which one surface parallel to the front-rear direction of the vehicle body opens. A flange 2b protruding outward from the end edge is integrally formed on the end edge on the opening 2a side of the structural member 2 over the entire circumference. The structural member 2 is manufactured by molding an aluminum alloy by a die casting method. The center pillar 1 has a cover 3 that covers the opening 2 a of the structural member 2. The cover 3 is manufactured by press forming a zinc steel plate. The structural member 2 and the cover 3 are combined to form a hollow closed cross section.

構造部材２とカバー３とを結合する方法としては、摩擦撹拌接合を用いる。摩擦撹拌接合とは、摩擦熱を利用して２つの被接合体を突き合せ、または重ね合せて接合する方法であり、回転体と、この回転体の先端に一体に設けられたプローブとを高速回転させ、プローブを被接合体に押し込み、プローブと被接合体を相対的に移動させることにより、突き合せ部、または重ね合わせ部を塑性流動させて接合するものである。   As a method of joining the structural member 2 and the cover 3, friction stir welding is used. Friction stir welding is a method in which two objects to be joined are joined or overlapped using frictional heat, and a rotating body and a probe integrally provided at the tip of the rotating body are connected at high speed. By rotating, pushing the probe into the object to be joined, and moving the probe and the object to be joined relatively, the butted part or the overlapping part is plastically flowed and joined.

構造部材２とカバー３との摩擦撹拌接合による接合は、図２に示すように、構造部材２の開口２ａをカバー３が覆うように重ね合せて行うが、カバー３は構造部材２の開口２ａを覆った際に構造部材２のフランジ２ｂの外方に延出する延出部３ａを有している。   As shown in FIG. 2, the joining of the structural member 2 and the cover 3 by friction stir welding is performed by overlapping the opening 2 a of the structural member 2 so that the cover 3 covers the cover 3. And extending part 3a that extends outward of the flange 2b of the structural member 2.

図２に示すように、摩擦撹拌接合に用いられる摩擦撹拌接合用工具４は、回転体４ａと、回転体４ａに比して小径なプローブ４ｂを備える。構造部材２とカバー３を摩擦撹拌接合により結合する際には、摩擦撹拌接合用工具４のプローブ４ｂを、カバー３の上に重ね合わされる構造部材２のフランジ２ｂの任意の位置に当接させ、回転体４ａを回転付勢する。尚、フランジ２ｂの厚さを３ｍｍとし、カバー３の厚さを０．８ｍｍとした場合、回転体４ａの最適な回転数は１５００ｒｐｍである。   As shown in FIG. 2, the friction stir welding tool 4 used for friction stir welding includes a rotating body 4a and a probe 4b having a smaller diameter than the rotating body 4a. When the structural member 2 and the cover 3 are joined by friction stir welding, the probe 4b of the friction stir welding tool 4 is brought into contact with an arbitrary position of the flange 2b of the structural member 2 superimposed on the cover 3. The rotating body 4a is urged to rotate. When the thickness of the flange 2b is 3 mm and the thickness of the cover 3 is 0.8 mm, the optimum rotational speed of the rotating body 4a is 1500 rpm.

回転体４ａの回転付勢に伴い、アルミニウム合金製である構造部材２のフランジ２ｂは塑性流動を起し、その結果、プローブ４ｂがフランジ２ｂに押し込まれて埋没する。プローブ４ｂがフランジ２ｂに埋没し、亜鉛鋼板製であるカバー３まで達するとカバー３も塑性流動を起すことになる。この状態で摩擦撹拌接合用工具４の回転体４ａをフランジ２ｂに沿って移動させれば、フランジ２ｂがカバー３と摩擦撹拌接合されていくことになる。尚、フランジ２ｂの厚さを３ｍｍとし、カバー３の厚さを０．８ｍｍとした場合、回転体４ａの最適な変位速度は１００ｍｍ／ｍｉｎである。   With the rotation bias of the rotating body 4a, the flange 2b of the structural member 2 made of aluminum alloy causes plastic flow, and as a result, the probe 4b is pushed into the flange 2b and buried. When the probe 4b is buried in the flange 2b and reaches the cover 3 made of galvanized steel, the cover 3 also causes plastic flow. If the rotating body 4a of the friction stir welding tool 4 is moved along the flange 2b in this state, the flange 2b is friction stir welded to the cover 3. When the thickness of the flange 2b is 3 mm and the thickness of the cover 3 is 0.8 mm, the optimum displacement speed of the rotating body 4a is 100 mm / min.

カバー３を亜鉛鋼板製とするのは、摩擦撹拌接合をする際に溶融メッキ層がプローブ４ｂによる撹拌と熱によりアルミニウム合金と反応し、アルミニウム合金中に亜鉛が取り込まれるからである。アルミニウム合金と鉄との反応による金属間化合物は硬くて脆いが、亜鉛を介すことにより、接合部を比較的強度が向上した層とすることが可能である。また、プローブ４ｂをフランジ２ｂ側から押し込むのは、アルミニウム合金のほうが亜鉛鋼板よりも塑性流動を起しやすいので、先にアルミニウム合金を塑性流動させておくほうが接合状態が良好となるからである。さらに、プローブ４ｂをフランジ２ｂ側から押し込むことにより、プローブ４ｂの寿命を延ばすことも可能となる。   The reason why the cover 3 is made of a galvanized steel sheet is that when the friction stir welding is performed, the hot-dipped layer reacts with the aluminum alloy by stirring and heat by the probe 4b, and zinc is taken into the aluminum alloy. The intermetallic compound produced by the reaction between the aluminum alloy and iron is hard and brittle, but by using zinc, it is possible to form a joint having a relatively improved strength. The probe 4b is pushed from the flange 2b side because the aluminum alloy is more likely to cause plastic flow than the galvanized steel plate, so that the joining state is better if the aluminum alloy is first plastically flowed. Furthermore, it is possible to extend the life of the probe 4b by pushing the probe 4b from the flange 2b side.

アルミニウム合金製の構造体２と亜鉛鋼板製のカバーとを摩擦撹拌接合により接合することにより製作されたセンターピラー１は、構造部材２のフランジ２ｂの外方に延出する延出部３ａを構造部材２の全周に有することになる。従って、亜鉛鋼板製のカバー３の一部である延出部３ａを、鋼材からなる他の車体部品に対する溶接箇所とすることができる。具体的には、センターピラー１の上端側の延出部３ａを車体のルーフに対する溶接箇所とし、センターピラー１の下端側の延出部３ａを車体のセンターボディに対する溶接箇所とすることが可能となる。   The center pillar 1 manufactured by joining the structure 2 made of aluminum alloy and the cover made of galvanized steel plate by friction stir welding has an extended portion 3a extending outward from the flange 2b of the structural member 2. The entire circumference of the member 2 is provided. Therefore, the extension part 3a which is a part of the cover 3 made of galvanized steel can be used as a welding point for other body parts made of steel. Specifically, the extension portion 3a on the upper end side of the center pillar 1 can be used as a welding location for the roof of the vehicle body, and the extension portion 3a on the lower end side of the center pillar 1 can be used as a welding location for the center body of the vehicle body. Become.

本発明の自動車用構造体は、上述した実施の形態に限定されず、特許請求の範囲で記載した範囲で種々の変形や改良が可能である。例えば、本実施の形態においては、自動車構造体としてのセンターピラー１に適用した例を説明したが、これに限定されず、サスペンションフレーム等の他の自動車構造体にも適用可能である。   The automobile structural body of the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications and improvements can be made within the scope described in the claims. For example, in the present embodiment, an example in which the present invention is applied to the center pillar 1 as an automobile structure has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this and can be applied to other automobile structures such as a suspension frame.

また、本実施の形態においては、構造部材２は一つの面のみが開口する箱型であったが、これに限定されない。構造部材は少なくとも一つの開口する面を有していればよい。   Moreover, in this Embodiment, although the structural member 2 was the box shape which only one surface opened, it is not limited to this. The structural member only needs to have at least one open surface.

また、本実施の形態においては、カバー３は構造部材２の開口２ａの全体を覆うものであったが、これに限定されない。カバーは開口の一部を覆うものであってもよい。   In the present embodiment, the cover 3 covers the entire opening 2a of the structural member 2. However, the present invention is not limited to this. The cover may cover a part of the opening.

また、本実施の形態においては、延出部３ａはフランジ２ｂの全周から外方に延出したが、これに限定されない。他の車体部品に対する溶接箇所とすることが必要となる箇所等だけにフランジの外方に延出する延出部を設けるようにしてもよい。   Moreover, in this Embodiment, although the extension part 3a extended outward from the perimeter of the flange 2b, it is not limited to this. You may make it provide the extension part extended to the outward of a flange only in the location etc. which need to be made into the welding location with respect to another vehicle body component.

本実施の形態のセンターピラーの分解斜視図。The disassembled perspective view of the center pillar of this Embodiment. 摩擦撹拌接合による接合を説明するためのセンターピラーの断面図。Sectional drawing of the center pillar for demonstrating joining by friction stir welding.

１ センターピラー
２ 構造部材
２ａ 開口
２ｂ フランジ
３ カバー
３ａ 延出部
４ 摩擦撹拌接合用工具
４ａ 回転体
４ｂ プローブ DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Center pillar 2 Structural member 2a Opening 2b Flange 3 Cover 3a Extension part 4 Friction stir welding tool 4a Rotating body 4b Probe

Claims (1)

少なくとも１つの面が開口し、
開口側の端縁には少なくとも一対のフランジが形成され、
前記一対のフランジが前記開口側の端縁に沿って長手方向に延びることにより略平行となっているアルミニウム合金製の構造部材と、
前記構造部材の開口の全体を覆う亜鉛鋼板製の平板カバーとを有し、
前記構造部材と前記平板カバーとを摩擦撹拌接合することにより閉断面を形成する自動車用構造体において、
前記フランジと前記平板カバーの重ね合わせ部に対して、摩擦撹拌用プローブを前記構造部材のフランジ側から押し込んで移動させることにより、前記長手方向に沿って前記構造部材と前記平板カバーとを摩擦撹拌接合したことを特徴とする自動車用構造体。 At least one surface is open,
At least a pair of flanges are formed at the opening edge,
A structural member made of an aluminum alloy that is substantially parallel by the pair of flanges extending in the longitudinal direction along the edge on the opening side; and
A flat plate cover made of a galvanized steel plate covering the entire opening of the structural member;
In the automotive structure that forms a closed cross section by friction stir welding the structural member and the flat plate cover,
A friction stir probe is pushed and moved from the flange side of the structural member to the overlapping portion of the flange and the flat plate cover to frictionally stir the structural member and the flat plate cover along the longitudinal direction. A structure for an automobile characterized by being joined.
JP2012229568A 2012-10-17 2012-10-17 Automotive structures Active JP5465763B2 (en)

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