JP2013044361A - Variable speed magnetic coupling device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a variable speed magnetic coupling device that can efficiently transmit rotational energy while changing the roration speed.SOLUTION: The variable speed magnetic coupling device 200 includes a drive shaft 110, a driven shaft 120 provided in no contact with the drive shaft 110 through a partition 140, an inner circumference magnet 122 that rotates integrally with the driven shaft 120, an outer circumference magnet 112 that rotates integrally with the drive shaft 110, and an outermost circumference magnet 132 provided further outside the outer circumference magnet 112. A key 134 provided to an outermost circumference magnet holding part 130 slides in a key groove 114 diagonally provided to the drive shaft 110 in a longitudinal direction of the drive shaft 110 by the action of an electromagnet 230, and a magnetic pole inside the radius in the outer circumference magnet 112 and a magnetic pole inside the radius of the outermost circumference magnet 132 that faces the outer circumference magnet 112 are switched to the same magnetic pole or to the different magnetic pole alternately.

Description

  The present invention relates to a magnetic coupling that transmits rotational energy of one rotating shaft (drive shaft) to the other rotating shaft (driven shaft), and in particular, variable speed magnetism that transmits rotational energy in a non-contact manner by changing the rotational speed. Concerning coupling.

Magnetic coupling devices are widely known as mechanical elements that transmit rotational energy from a drive shaft to a driven shaft in a non-contact manner. A magnetic coupling device is a type of coupling device that can transmit rotational energy from a drive shaft to a driven shaft in a non-contact manner without using a mechanical coupling (joint).
The magnetic coupling device is superior in terms of reliability and life because it has fewer mechanical parts than a mechanical device such as a universal coupling and has no wear part. In addition, since the rotational energy can be transmitted in a non-contact manner using a magnetic force, the partition made of non-magnetic material is utilized, taking advantage of the ability to easily transmit the rotational force to the inside of devices that are difficult to hermetically seal. There is an increasing need to be used for rotational force transmission between different environments separated by.

  For example, a binary power generation system that is attracting attention as renewable energy (transfers heat from a low-temperature heat source that does not have enough heat to rotate a steam turbine to a heat cycle of a low-boiling working medium, The magnetic coupling device is also suitable when the expander (drive shaft) and the generator (driven shaft) in the power generation using the above are connected. In this case, it may be preferable if the rotational speed can be changed to transmit the rotational energy.

  Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 8-196071 (Patent Document 1) discloses an apparatus for transmitting rotational energy. FIG. 5 of Patent Document 1 discloses an eddy current coupling as a typical example of an electric transmission. The rotating shaft of the prime mover is coupled to one rotating shaft of the eddy current coupling, and the other rotating shaft of the eddy current coupling is coupled to the rotating shaft of the load. The eddy current coupling includes a first rotor having an electromagnetic coil that generates a magnetic field by a direct current supplied via a slip ring on one rotating shaft, and is coupled to the generated magnetic field on the other rotating shaft. A second rotor is provided that generates torque by eddy currents caused by the rotational speed difference. The torque is variably controlled by controlling the direct current and the strength of the magnetic field, and the load is driven at a rotational speed different from the rotational speed of the prime mover.

  Furthermore, FIG. 1 of Patent Document 1 discloses another electric transmission. The transmission is configured to generate a torque between a first rotor that is coupled to one of the rotating shafts and serves as a field pole, and a rotating magnetic field that is coupled to the other rotating shaft to generate torque. A rotor having an armature winding that generates the rotating magnetic field, and a rotating transformer that supplies AC power for generating the rotating magnetic field to the armature winding. And a torque is transmitted between the rotating shafts. In this transmission, when AC power is supplied to the armature winding of the second rotor by the rotary transformer, a rotating magnetic field is generated in the second rotor and electromagnetically coupled to the field pole of the first rotor. The torque is generated between the first rotor and the second rotor, and the torque is transmitted between the rotating shafts.

JP-A-8-196071 (FIGS. 1 and 5)

However, in the eddy current coupling of FIG. 5 of Patent Document 1 described above, there is a problem that the maximum torque cannot be generated if the rotation speed is changed.
Furthermore, in the transmission shown in FIG. 1 of Patent Document 1 described above, rotational energy is once converted into magnetic energy (magnetic coupling) on one rotary shaft, and the magnetic energy is converted into electrical energy. The electric energy is converted into magnetic energy, and the magnetic energy is converted into rotational energy on the other axis. In this case, there is a problem that the conversion loss is large because it is once converted into electric energy.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems, and is a magnetic coupling device that transmits rotational energy in a non-contact manner, and efficiently transmits rotational energy while changing the rotational speed. It is an object of the present invention to provide a variable speed magnetic coupling device that can be used.

In order to solve the above problems, the variable speed magnetic coupling device of the present invention employs the following technical means.
That is, the variable speed magnetic coupling device of the present invention includes a plurality of outer magnets provided on one shaft and a plurality of inner periphery provided on the other shaft to transmit power from one shaft to the other shaft. An inner peripheral magnet is provided so as to have a magnet and face the outer peripheral magnet. The plurality of outer peripheral magnets and the plurality of inner peripheral magnets are arranged so that magnetic poles adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction have different polarities. The variable speed magnetic coupling device includes a plurality of outermost peripheral magnets arranged on the outer periphery of the outer periphery magnet so that the magnetic poles facing the outer periphery magnet and adjacent in the circumferential direction are different from each other, and the outer periphery magnet A switching mechanism that can alternately switch a magnetic pole on the inner diameter side of the magnet and a magnetic pole on the inner diameter side of the outermost peripheral magnet facing the outer peripheral magnet to the same magnetic pole or a different magnetic pole. .

  Preferably, the outermost peripheral magnet is a permanent magnet, and the switching mechanism is configured to switch between a first mode in which the same magnetic pole is disposed and a second mode in which the different magnetic pole is disposed. The outermost periphery magnet and the outer periphery magnet may be configured to be relatively movable by an angle formed by a rotation center of the shaft and a pair of magnets having different magnetic poles arranged adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction. . Here, in the said relative movement, it is good to be comprised so that the driving force for switching alternately may be obtained by switching the attracting action and repulsive action of an electromagnet.

More preferably, the outermost peripheral magnet is an electromagnet arranged in a circumferential direction, and the switching mechanism includes a first mode in which the same magnetic pole is disposed and a second mode in which the different magnetic pole is disposed. In order to switch the current, the direction of the current that flows to the adjacent electromagnets of the outermost peripheral magnets may be different, and the direction of each current may be changed repeatedly.
More preferably, an angle formed between a rotation center of the shaft and a pair of magnets having different magnetic poles adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction is a magnet unit angle, and the switching mechanism is configured to change the rotation speed of the other shaft to the one shaft. 1 / N (N> 1) of the second mode, the one shaft rotates by M (odd natural number such as M = 1, 3, 5, etc.) magnet unit angle for the time of the second mode. Switching operation between the first mode and the second mode, where the time of the first mode is the time that the one shaft rotates by 1 / (N-1) of M magnet unit angle. It is good to be configured to perform the above continuously.

More preferably, it further includes a detector that detects the rotation angle of the other shaft, and the switching mechanism is configured to set the rotation speed of the other shaft to 1 / N (N> 1) of the one shaft. After switching to the second mode, it is preferable to switch to the first mode when the detected rotation angle of the other shaft becomes 1 / N of the rotation angle of the one shaft.
More preferably, in addition to a detector that detects the rotation angle of the other shaft, the detector further includes a detector that detects the rotation angle of the one shaft, and the switching mechanism determines the rotation speed of the other shaft. 1 / N (N> 1) of the other axis, after switching to the second mode, the detected rotation angle of the other axis is equal to the detected rotation angle of the one axis. When it becomes 1 / N, it is preferable to switch to the first mode.

  By using the variable speed magnetic coupling device of the present invention, the rotational energy can be transmitted efficiently by changing the rotational speed using the magnetic coupling device that transmits the rotational energy in a non-contact manner. .

It is a figure showing the outline of the variable-speed magnetic coupling device concerning a 1st embodiment of the present invention. It is a figure explaining the state of the 1st mode in 1st Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the magnetic force line between the magnetic poles in FIG. It is a figure explaining the state of the 2nd mode in 1st Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the magnetic force line between the magnetic poles in FIG. It is a figure which shows the outline of the transmission magnetic coupling apparatus which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure explaining the operation state in the 1st mode in a 2nd embodiment. It is FIG. (1) explaining the operation state in the 2nd mode in 2nd Embodiment. It is FIG. (2) explaining the operation state in the 1st mode in 2nd Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the outline of the transmission magnetic coupling apparatus which concerns on 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure explaining the state of the 1st mode in 3rd Embodiment. It is a figure explaining the state of the 2nd mode in 3rd Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the outline of the transmission magnetic coupling apparatus which concerns on 4th Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the outline of the transmission magnetic coupling apparatus which concerns on 5th Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the outline of the transmission magnetic coupling apparatus which concerns on 6th Embodiment of this invention.

  Hereinafter, a variable speed magnetic coupling device according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In the following description, the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals even in different embodiments. Their names and functions are also the same. Therefore, detailed description thereof will not be repeated. Further, in the following, the application of the variable-speed magnetic coupling device will be described without limitation. For example, an expander and a rotary machine (generator, compressor, blower, It is preferable to provide a transmission mechanism (speed reducer) separately from a pump or the like. However, as described above, the application of the transmission magnetic coupling device according to the present invention is not limited.

<First Embodiment>
[Constitution]
FIG. 1 schematically shows a variable magnetic coupling device 100 according to a first embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1 (a), the variable speed magnetic coupling device 100 has a cylindrical magnetic coupling device shown in FIG. The cylindrical magnetic coupling device shown in FIG. 1B is a commercially available ordinary magnetic coupling device.

As shown in these drawings, this variable magnetic coupling device 100 transmits rotational energy from one rotating shaft (driving shaft) 110 to the other rotating shaft (driven shaft) 120. For example, when applied to a binary power generation system, a turbine rotating shaft in an expander is connected to the drive shaft 110, and a load such as a pump rotating shaft is connected to the driven shaft 120.
The drive shaft 110 side and the driven shaft 120 side are configured to be separated from each other via a partition wall 140 made of a nonmagnetic material. When applied to a binary power generation system, the partition wall 140 is provided so as to constitute a part of the casing of the expander. As a result, the rotational energy of the turbine rotating shaft can be transmitted to the outside of the expander without bringing the working medium that drives the expander to the outside. As a configuration on the driven shaft side, there are a driven shaft 120 and an inner peripheral magnet 122 provided in a holding portion (an inserted body 124 described later) integrally formed with the driven shaft 120. As the configuration on the drive shaft side, there are a drive shaft 110 and an outer peripheral magnet 112 provided on a holding portion (an outer cylinder 114 described later) configured integrally with the drive shaft 110. Further, as the configuration on the drive shaft side, there is an outermost peripheral magnet 132 provided on the outermost peripheral magnet holding portion 130 that rotates in synchronization with the drive shaft 110.

  Specifically, one end (right side of FIG. 1A) of the drive shaft 110 is connected to a drive source (for example, a turbine rotating shaft), and the other end (left side of FIG. 1A) is close to the partition 140. The outer cylindrical body 114 to which the outer peripheral magnet 112 of the variable speed magnetic coupling device 100 is attached is provided at the distal end on the other end side. The outer cylindrical body 114 is a bottomed cylindrical member that opens toward the load side, and is formed of a nonmagnetic material. A drive shaft 110 is coaxially connected to the outer cylindrical body 114, and an outer peripheral magnet 112 is provided in the circumferential direction on the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion. On the other hand, the driven shaft 120 is a shaft provided along a direction coaxial with the drive shaft 110 (for example, a horizontal direction). One end of the driven shaft 120 extends toward the drive source side, and the other end is connected to a load (for example, a pump rotating shaft). An insertion body 124 to which the inner peripheral magnet 122 is attached is provided at one end. ing. The insertion body 124 is a cylindrical body provided at one end of the driven shaft 120, and is formed of a nonmagnetic material like the outer cylinder 114. The inner insert 124 can be loosely inserted inside the outer cylindrical body 114, and the inner peripheral magnet 122 is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the inner insert 124 (the outer peripheral surface of the portion inserted inside the outer cylindrical body 114). Is attached. A partition wall 140 exists between the outer cylinder body 114 and the insertion body 124, in other words, between the outer circumference magnet 112 and the inner circumference magnet 122.

  Further, in the present embodiment, a key (pin) 134 that operates integrally with the outermost peripheral magnet holding portion 130 is inserted into the drive shaft 110, so that the outermost peripheral magnet holding portion 130 is synchronized with the drive shaft 110. Rotate. That is, the outermost peripheral magnet 132 is arranged on the outer periphery of the normal magnetic coupling device shown in FIG. 1B, and the outermost peripheral magnet 132 is rotated in synchronization with the rotation of the outer peripheral magnet 112 (here, the key 134). ).

In the variable magnetic coupling device 100, eight inner circumferential magnets 122, outer circumferential magnets 112, and outermost circumferential magnets 132 are arranged in groups so that the magnetic poles adjacent in the circumferential direction are different from each other. The number of magnets in the circumferential direction is not limited to eight.
[Description of mode]
In this variable magnetic coupling device 100, the first mode (non-deceleration mode) shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 and the second mode (deceleration mode) shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 can be realized. These modes will be described in detail below.

  In the first mode shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, the inner diameter of the outer peripheral magnet 112 (the rotation center side of the drive shaft 110 and the driven shaft 120) and the inner diameter of the outermost peripheral magnet 132 facing the outer peripheral magnet 112. Is the same magnetic pole. As shown in FIG. 3, for example, another N pole is arranged on the outer peripheral side (rear side) of the N pole of the outer magnet 112, so that the magnetic field between the inner peripheral magnet 122 and the outer magnet 112 is reduced. The strength is large and the coupling power is also strong. In this first mode, rotational energy is transmitted from the drive shaft 110 to the driven shaft 120 without being decelerated.

  In the second mode shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the magnetic pole on the inner diameter side of the outer peripheral magnet 112 and the magnetic pole on the inner diameter side of the outermost peripheral magnet 132 facing the outer peripheral magnet 112 are different magnetic poles. As shown in FIG. 5, for example, since the S pole of a different magnetic pole is arranged on the outer peripheral side (rear side) of the N pole of the outer peripheral magnet 112, the magnetic field between the inner peripheral magnet 122 and the outer peripheral magnet 112 is reduced. The strength becomes smaller and the coupling force becomes weaker. In this second mode, the magnetic field arrangement formed by the outer peripheral magnet 112 is opposite to the magnetic field arrangement formed by the outermost peripheral magnet 132, and the magnetic field is canceled out, so that the coupling force is weakened. In this case, when the magnetic field formed by the outer peripheral magnet 112 is completely canceled out by the magnetic field formed by the outermost peripheral magnet 132, the coupling force is lost. When the coupling force becomes weaker or disappears, the driven shaft 120 connected to the load decelerates due to the load. As a result, the drive shaft 110 is decelerated from the driven shaft 120 to transmit rotational energy.

[Switch mode]
As an example, the first mode and the second mode described above can be realized by changing the mounting angle of the outermost peripheral magnet holding unit 130 that holds the outermost peripheral magnet 132 with respect to the drive shaft 110. Although not limited in the present embodiment, a switching mechanism using some method is adopted, and the first mode and the second mode are repeatedly switched to decelerate and rotate from the drive shaft 110 to the driven shaft 120. Can transmit energy. For example, the state of the phase of the outermost peripheral magnet 132 in the first mode shown in FIG. 2 (the phase here indicates the position of the outermost peripheral magnet 132 with respect to the drive shaft 110), and the state in the second mode shown in FIG. By maintaining the state of the phase of the outermost peripheral magnet 132 repeatedly for the same time, 1/2 reduction can be achieved. Details will be described later in another embodiment together with a mode switching mechanism.

[effect]
As described above, according to the variable magnetic coupling device 100 according to the present embodiment, in the first mode, the magnetic field arrangement of the outer peripheral magnet 112 and the magnetic field arrangement of the outermost peripheral magnet 132 are the same, Since a magnetic field is formed in the same direction, the coupling force is increased. On the other hand, in the second mode, the magnetic field arrangement of the outer peripheral magnet 112 is opposite to the magnetic field arrangement of the outermost peripheral magnet 132, and a magnetic field is formed in the opposite direction to the outer peripheral magnet. The coupling force is lost (becomes 0). In this case, the driven shaft 120 connected to the load decelerates because of the load. When returning to the first mode, the coupling force is restored, so that the driven shaft 120 tries to rotate by being pulled by the drive shaft 110 again. That is, the driven shaft 120 to which the load is connected tries to rotate only during the first mode, and decelerates because rotational energy is not transmitted during the second mode.

  When the angle between the rotation center of the shaft (drive shaft or driven shaft) and a pair of magnets with different magnetic poles arranged adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction is a magnet unit angle, the first mode is As the time for which the drive shaft 110 rotates by one magnet unit angle (or 3, 5, 7,... Magnet unit angle) as the holding time, the driving shaft 110 has the same time as holding the second mode. If the rotation time is the magnet unit angle (or 3, 5, 7,..., The same magnet unit angle), the speed is reduced by 1/2. The time for maintaining the second mode is the time for the drive shaft 110 to rotate by one magnet unit angle (or 3, 5, 7,... Magnet unit angle), and the time for maintaining the first mode. Where the drive shaft 110 rotates by 1 / (N-1) of one magnet unit angle (or 3, 5, 7,... Magnet unit angle), the driven shaft 120 decelerates to 1 / N. Will be. Here, N is a number of 1 or more (may be a decimal number).

Second Embodiment
FIG. 6 shows an outline of a transmission magnetic coupling device 200 according to the second embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 6, portions overlapping with the above description are not repeated here.
[Constitution]
As shown in FIG. 6, in the variable magnetic coupling device 200 according to this embodiment, the drive shaft 110 is provided with a key groove 114 at an angle with respect to the drive shaft 110. The angle of the key groove 114 with respect to the drive shaft 110 is, for example, the arrangement of the outermost peripheral magnet 132 shown in FIG. 2 at the start end position (end on the driven shaft 120 side) and the end position (end on the drive shaft 110 side). The outermost peripheral magnet 132 shown in FIG. A key 134 (here, a pin) configured integrally with the outermost peripheral magnet holding unit 130 is slid in the key groove 114 to change the position of the key 134 in the longitudinal direction of the drive shaft 110 in the key groove 114.

  The driving force for sliding the key 134 in the key groove 114 is not limited. For example, as shown in FIG. 6, a magnet 232 that is formed in an annular shape integrally with the outermost peripheral magnet holding unit 130 is provided, and an attraction action and a repulsion action of the electromagnet 230 controlled by a control device (not shown) against the magnet 232. The key 134 is slid in the key groove 114 by moving the magnet 232 closer to the electromagnet 230 or separating the magnet 232 from the electromagnet 230.

[Mode switching operation]
A mode switching operation of the variable speed magnetic coupling device 200 having the above-described structure will be described with reference to FIGS. 7 corresponds to the first mode described in the first embodiment, and FIGS. 8 and 9 correspond to the second mode described in the first embodiment.

As shown in FIG. 7, in the first mode, since the magnetic pole of the outermost peripheral magnet 132 on the outer periphery of the outer peripheral magnet 112 is the same as that of the outer peripheral magnet 112, the coupling force is increased, and the drive shaft 110. Synchronously with this, the driven shaft 120 rotates.
As shown in FIG. 8, in the second mode, since the magnetic pole of the outermost peripheral magnet 132 on the outer periphery of the outer peripheral magnet 112 is different from the magnetic pole of the outer peripheral magnet 112, the coupling force is weakened (removed), Even if the drive shaft 110 rotates, the force for rotating the driven shaft 120 does not act. As a result, the phase is delayed with respect to the drive shaft 110 by one of the magnets having different magnetic poles in which the driven shaft 120 is arranged in the circumferential direction (FIG. 9).

  As shown in FIG. 9, in the second mode, since the magnetic pole of the outermost peripheral magnet 132 on the outer periphery of the outer peripheral magnet 112 is different from the magnetic pole of the outer peripheral magnet 112, the coupling force is weakened (eliminated), Even if the drive shaft 110 rotates, the force for rotating the driven shaft 120 does not act. As a result, the phase is delayed by one more magnet with different magnetic poles in which the driven shaft 120 is arranged in the circumferential direction with respect to the drive shaft 110. At that time, the mode is switched to the first mode, and the flow returns to FIG.

As a result of switching between the first mode and the second mode in this way, the phase is delayed by two magnets having different magnetic poles in which the driven shaft 120 is arranged in the circumferential direction with respect to the drive shaft 110. . By repeating this, the driven shaft rotates at a deceleration of 1/2 with respect to the rotation of the drive shaft.
[effect]
As described above, according to the variable magnetic coupling device 200 according to the present embodiment, the outer peripheral magnet 112 is formed by providing the oblique key groove 114 on the drive shaft 110 and sliding the key 134 by the action of the electromagnet 230. The magnetic poles of the outermost peripheral magnet 132 facing each other were changed. Thus, since the first mode and the second mode are switched, the driven shaft 120 to which the load is connected tries to rotate only during the first mode and rotates during the second mode. Decelerate because energy is not transmitted.

  Using the action of the electromagnet 230, as in the first embodiment, the time for holding the second mode is equivalent to one magnet unit angle for the drive shaft 110 (or 3, 5, 7,... Magnet unit angle). As the rotation time, the time for maintaining the first mode is 1 / (N−1) of the drive shaft 110 corresponding to one magnet unit angle (or 3, 5, 7,... Magnet unit angle). If it is time to rotate, the driven shaft 120 will be decelerated to 1 / N. Here, N is a number of 1 or more (may be a decimal number).

In the present embodiment, the maximum torque can be generated by going through the first mode even during deceleration.
<Third Embodiment>
FIG. 10 shows an outline of a variable speed magnetic coupling device 300 according to the third embodiment of the present invention. 10 that overlap with the above description will not be repeated here.

[Constitution]
As shown in FIG. 10, the variable speed magnetic coupling device 300 according to the present embodiment includes the outermost periphery magnet as an outermost periphery electromagnet 332 and detects the rotation angle of the drive shaft 110 (calculated from the rotation angular velocity). A rotation angle detector 310 on the side is provided. The outermost periphery electromagnet 332 is held by the outermost periphery electromagnet holder 330. Further, the outermost periphery electromagnet holding portion 330 is connected to the drive shaft 110 so that the outermost periphery electromagnet 332 and the outer periphery magnet 112 rotate in synchronization. The rotation angle detector 310 is a rotation angle sensor such as a pulse encoder or a resolver, for example. The rotation angle of the drive shaft 110 is detected by the rotation angle detector 310, and the direction of the current flowing to the outermost periphery electromagnet 332 is switched by a control device (not shown) based on the detected rotation angle.

FIG. 11 corresponds to FIG. 2 described above and is the first mode, in which the direction in which the coil current flows is determined so that the radially inner side (rotation center side) of the outermost peripheral electromagnet 332 becomes the N pole. Since the magnetic pole of the outermost peripheral electromagnet 332 on the outer periphery of the outer peripheral magnet 112 becomes the same magnetic pole as that of the outer peripheral magnet 112, the coupling force is increased, and the driven shaft 120 rotates in synchronization with the drive shaft 110.
FIG. 12 corresponds to FIG. 4 described above, and is the second mode, in which the direction in which the coil current flows is determined so that the radially inner side (rotation center side) of the outermost peripheral electromagnet 332 becomes the S pole. Since the magnetic poles of the outermost peripheral electromagnet 332 on the outer periphery of the outer peripheral magnet 112 are different from the magnetic poles of the outer peripheral magnet 112, the coupling force is weakened (eliminated) and the driven shaft 120 is rotated even if the drive shaft 110 rotates. Force does not work.

  In the variable speed magnetic coupling device 200 according to the second embodiment described above, the outer circumferential magnet 112 faces the outermost magnet 112 by providing the oblique key groove 114 on the drive shaft 110 and sliding the key 134 by the action of the electromagnet 230. Although the magnetic pole of the outer peripheral magnet 132 is mechanically changed, in this embodiment, the outermost peripheral electromagnet 332 is used in place of the outermost outer peripheral magnet 132, and the direction of the current flowing to the outermost peripheral electromagnet 332 is changed. The magnetic pole of the outermost peripheral electromagnet 332 facing the outer peripheral magnet 112 is electromagnetically changed.

[effect]
As described above, according to the variable magnetic coupling device 300 according to the present embodiment, the outer peripheral magnet 112 faces by changing the direction of the current flowing through the outermost peripheral electromagnet 332 based on the rotation angle of the drive shaft 110. The magnetic pole of the outermost periphery electromagnet 332 was changed. Thus, since the first mode and the second mode are switched, the driven shaft 120 to which the load is connected tries to rotate only during the first mode and rotates during the second mode. Decelerate because energy is not transmitted.

As in the second embodiment, the current direction to the outermost peripheral electromagnet 332 is changed to maintain the second mode for the drive shaft 110 by one magnet unit angle (or 3, 5, 7,... Magnet). 1) (1 / magnet unit angle) of the drive shaft 110 corresponding to one magnet unit angle (or magnet unit angle). Assuming that the rotation time is N-1), the driven shaft 120 is decelerated to 1 / N. Here, N is a number of 1 or more (may be a decimal number).
The variable speed magnetic coupling device 300 according to the present embodiment can generate the maximum torque by going through the first mode even during deceleration.

<Fourth embodiment>
FIG. 13 shows an outline of a transmission magnetic coupling device 400 according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 13, the same parts as those described above are not repeated here.
[Constitution]
As shown in FIG. 13, the transmission magnetic coupling device 400 according to the present embodiment has a configuration of the transmission magnetic coupling device 200 according to the second embodiment, and the rotation of the transmission magnetic coupling device 300 according to the third embodiment. In addition to the angle detector 310, a rotation angle detector 410 on the driven shaft side for detecting the rotation angle of the driven shaft 120 (calculated from the rotation angular velocity) is provided.

When the rotation speed of the driven shaft 120 to which the load is connected is to be ½ of that of the drive shaft 110, the rotation angle of the driven shaft 120 detected by the rotation angle detector 410 is changed to the second mode. When the rotation angle of the drive shaft 110 detected by the rotation angle detector 310 is ½ (including about ½), the mode is switched to the first mode.
. That is, by detecting the rotation angle on the drive shaft 110 side and the rotation angle on the driven shaft 120 side to which the load is connected, the difference between the rotation angle of the drive shaft 110 and the rotation angle of the driven shaft 120 can be known. The timing for shifting from the second mode to the second mode, the timing for returning from the second mode to the first mode, etc. can be clearly seen.

  When it is desired to set the rotational speed of the driven shaft 120 to 1/3 of the drive shaft 110, the rotational angle of the driven shaft 120 detected by the rotational angle detector 410 is changed to the rotational angle detector after switching to the second mode. When the rotation angle of the drive shaft 110 detected by 310 becomes 1/3 (including about 1/3), the mode is switched to the first mode. Similarly, in order to return to the first mode when the rotation angle (rotational speed obtained by time differentiation) of the driven shaft 120 becomes 1 / N (including about 1 / N) of the drive shaft 110, the driven shaft 120 The rotational speed can be reduced to 1 / N of the drive shaft 110. Here, N is a number of 1 or more (may be a decimal number).

[effect]
As described above, according to the variable speed magnetic coupling device 400 according to the present embodiment, the rotation angle of the driven shaft 120 is detected by detecting the rotation angle of the drive shaft 110 and the rotation angle of the driven shaft 120 to which the load is connected. When the rotation angle (rotational speed obtained by time differentiation) becomes 1/2 of the drive shaft 110 (including about 1/2), the mode is returned to the first mode. For this reason, rotational energy is transmitted by thinning out an angle (one magnet unit angle) of one magnet having a different magnetic pole arranged in the circumferential direction, and ½ speed reduction is possible. Similarly, 1 / N deceleration is possible.

<Fifth Embodiment>
FIG. 14 shows an outline of a variable speed magnetic coupling device 500 according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 14, the same parts as those described above are not repeated here.
As shown in FIG. 14, the transmission magnetic coupling device 500 according to this embodiment includes a rotation angle detector 310 that detects the rotation angle of the drive shaft 110 from the configuration of the transmission magnetic coupling device 400 according to the fourth embodiment. It is equipped with a configuration that is omitted.

  In the fourth embodiment, when the rotational angular velocity of the drive shaft 110 is known in advance by the rating or the like, or the rotational angle of the driven shaft 120 (calculated from the rotational angular velocity of the driven shaft 120) is detected, and the driven shaft 120 is detected. The rotation angle of the drive shaft 110 can be calculated on the basis of the rotation angular velocity and the time for returning to the second mode. For this reason, the timing of returning to the first mode is determined by comparing the rotation angle of the drive shaft 110 that is known in advance or the calculated rotation angle of the drive shaft 110 with the rotation angle of the driven shaft 120.

As described above, according to the variable magnetic coupling device 500 according to the present embodiment, only the rotation angle detector 410 that detects the rotation angle of the driven shaft 120 is provided (the rotation angle that detects the rotation angle of the drive shaft 110). Even if the detector 310 is not provided, the same effect as that of the transmission magnetic coupling device 400 according to the fourth embodiment can be exhibited.
<Sixth Embodiment>
FIG. 15 shows an outline of a variable speed magnetic coupling device 600 according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 15, portions overlapping with the above description are not repeated here.

  As shown in FIG. 15, the transmission magnetic coupling device 600 according to the present embodiment detects the rotation angle of the driven shaft 120 (calculated from the rotation angular velocity) in the configuration of the transmission magnetic coupling device 300 according to the third embodiment. The rotation angle detector 410 is added. Furthermore, a rotation angle detector 310 that detects the rotation angle of the drive shaft 110 (calculated from the rotation angular velocity) may be added.

  Based on the rotation angle of the driven shaft 120 detected by the rotation angle detector 410 (in addition, the rotation angle of the drive shaft 110 detected by the rotation angle detector 310), the mode switching timing is determined, and the outermost periphery electromagnet The direction of the current flowing to 332 is changed. Thereby, the effect similar to the speed-change magnetic coupling apparatus 400 which concerns on 4th Embodiment, or the speed-change magnetic coupling apparatus 500 which concerns on 5th Embodiment can be expressed.

  The embodiment disclosed this time should be considered as illustrative in all points and not restrictive. The scope of the present invention is defined by the terms of the claims, rather than the description above, and is intended to include any modifications within the scope and meaning equivalent to the terms of the claims.

100 transmission magnetic coupling device (first embodiment)
110 Drive shaft (one rotary shaft)
112 peripheral magnet 114 guide groove 120 driven shaft (the other rotating shaft)
122 Inner circumference magnet 130 Outermost circumference magnet holding part 132 Outermost circumference magnet 140 Bulkhead 200 Variable speed magnetic coupling device (second embodiment)
230 Electromagnet 300 Variable speed magnetic coupling device (third embodiment)
310 Rotation angle detector (drive shaft side)
330 outermost periphery electromagnet holding portion 332 outermost periphery electromagnet 400 variable speed magnetic coupling device (fourth embodiment)
410 Rotation angle detector (driven shaft side)
500 Transmission Magnetic Coupling Device (Fifth Embodiment)
600 Variable speed magnetic coupling device (sixth embodiment)

Claims (7)

In order to transmit power from one shaft to the other shaft, a plurality of outer peripheral magnets provided on one shaft and a plurality of inner peripheral magnets provided on the other shaft are provided so as to face the outer peripheral magnet. A variable speed magnetic coupling device in which an inner peripheral magnet is provided,
The plurality of outer peripheral magnets and the plurality of inner peripheral magnets are arranged so that magnetic poles adjacent in the circumferential direction are different from each other,
A plurality of outermost peripheral magnets provided on the outer periphery of the outer peripheral magnet, and arranged such that the magnetic poles facing the outer peripheral magnet and adjacent in the circumferential direction are different from each other;
A switching mechanism that can alternately switch a magnetic pole on the inner diameter side in the outer peripheral magnet and a magnetic pole on the inner diameter side of the outermost peripheral magnet facing the outer peripheral magnet to the same magnetic pole or a different magnetic pole;
A variable speed magnetic coupling device comprising: The outermost peripheral magnet is a permanent magnet,
The switching mechanism is adjacent to the rotation center of the shaft in the circumferential direction so as to switch between a first mode in which the magnetic poles are arranged and a second mode in which the magnetic poles are arranged. The variable speed magnetic coupling according to claim 1, wherein the outermost periphery magnet and the outer periphery magnet are configured to be relatively movable by an angle formed by a pair of magnets having different magnetic poles. apparatus.   The variable speed magnetic coupling device according to claim 2, wherein the relative movement is configured to obtain a driving force for switching alternately by switching between an attraction action and a repulsion action of an electromagnet. The outermost peripheral magnet is an electromagnet arranged in the circumferential direction,
The switching mechanism is configured to change the direction of the current flowing to the adjacent electromagnets of the outermost peripheral magnet in order to switch between the first mode in which the magnetic poles are arranged and the second mode in which the different magnetic poles are arranged. The variable speed magnetic coupling device according to claim 1, wherein the direction of each current is configured to be repeatedly changeable. An angle formed by a pair of magnets having different magnetic poles adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction and the rotation center of the shaft as a magnet unit angle,
The switching mechanism sets the second mode time to M (M = 1, 3, 5, etc.) when the rotational speed of the other shaft is desired to be 1 / N (N> 1) of the one shaft. Odd natural number) The time for rotating the one axis by the magnet unit angle, and the time for the first mode by 1 / (N-1) for the M magnet unit angle. The transmission magnetic cup according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the switching operation between the first mode and the second mode is continuously performed. Ring device. A detector for detecting a rotation angle of the other shaft;
The switching mechanism, when it is desired to set the rotation speed of the other shaft to 1 / N (N> 1) of the one shaft, after switching to the second mode, 5. The transmission magnetic coupling device according to claim 2, wherein when the rotation angle becomes 1 / N of the rotation angle of the one shaft, the transmission mode is switched to the first mode. A detector for detecting a rotation angle of the one shaft;
The switching mechanism, when it is desired to set the rotation speed of the other shaft to 1 / N (N> 1) of the one shaft, after switching to the second mode, 7. The variable speed magnetic coupling device according to claim 6, wherein when the rotation angle becomes 1 / N of the detected rotation angle of the one shaft, the mode is switched to the first mode.