JP2013039631A - Machining apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a machining apparatus capable of preventing a decrease in the precision of positioning a machining tool and a workpiece holder even if contact surfaces between a male screw and a female screw are worn in a feed screw mechanism for positioning both the screws.SOLUTION: The machining apparatus 100 is provided with a feed screw mechanism 107 for displacing a workpiece holder 112 holding an object WK to be worked, and also provided with a feed screw mechanism 118 for displacing a machining head 114 holding a machining tool 115 comprising a cutting tool. The feed screw mechanisms 107, 118 are composed of screw shafts 108, 119 with male screws 108a, 119a formed thereon and movable bodies 109, 120 with female screws 109a, 120a formed therein, and provided in inclined states with respect to a vertical direction. Thereby, the feed screw mechanisms 107, 118 are engaged with each other always while having no backlash on the upper side of each one of the male screws 108a, 119a on the screw shafts 108, 119 under the own weight of the movable bodies 109, 120.

Description

  The present invention relates to a processing apparatus that performs processing such as cutting or plastic processing on a workpiece by relatively displacing a processing tool with respect to the workpiece held by a workpiece holding unit.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, there is a processing apparatus that performs processing such as cutting or plastic processing on a workpiece by relatively displacing a processing tool with respect to the workpiece held on a workpiece holding unit. For example, in Patent Document 1 below, a plurality of point-shaped processing marks are formed on the surface of a workpiece that is relatively plastically deformable, such as gold, platinum, brass, aluminum, and stainless steel. A processing apparatus for forming a desired image on a surface of a workpiece by gathering is disclosed.

JP 2008-87128 A

  This processing apparatus is configured such that a workpiece holding portion that detachably holds a workpiece with respect to a cutting tool that forms a machining mark on the surface of the workpiece is relatively displaced in three orthogonal directions. Yes. More specifically, in the machining apparatus, the machining head for holding the cutting tool and the workpiece holding part are respectively displaced in two axial directions orthogonal to each other by a feed screw mechanism, and the cutting tool is moved in the two axial directions by a solenoid. It is comprised so that it may be displaced to the axial direction orthogonal to. In this case, the feed screw mechanism is formed by rotating a screw shaft having a male screw formed on the outer peripheral surface of the shaft-like body, thereby forming a female screw that meshes with the male screw of the screw shaft on the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical body. This is a mechanism for driving the movable body linearly.

  However, in the feed screw mechanism employed in such a processing apparatus, the frictional resistance between the male screw and the female screw is reduced by wear of the contact surfaces of the male screw of the screw shaft and the female screw of the nut. There has been a problem that the backlash for reduction increases with long-term use, and the positioning accuracy between the work holding part and the processing tool is lowered.

  The present invention has been made to cope with the above-described problems, and the purpose thereof is to provide both the case where the contact surface between the male screw and the female screw in the feed screw mechanism for positioning the processing tool and the work holding portion is worn. It is in providing the processing apparatus which can prevent the fall of positioning accuracy of.

  In order to achieve the above object, a feature of the present invention according to claim 1 is that a workpiece holding unit that detachably holds a workpiece, a machining head that holds a machining tool for machining the workpiece, and a workpiece holding unit. And a processing tool that relatively displaces the processing tool in three axial directions orthogonal to each other, and forms a three-dimensional shape on the workpiece by relative displacement between the workpiece and the processing tool by the displacing means. The displacement means is constituted by a feed screw mechanism provided along a direction in which at least one of the three axial directions is inclined with respect to the vertical direction.

  According to the characteristic of the present invention according to claim 1 configured as described above, the machining device includes a displacement means for displacing the workpiece holding portion and the machining tool in the three axial directions orthogonal to each other. The feed screw mechanism is configured to be relatively displaced in one axial direction, and the feed screw mechanism is provided in an inclined state with respect to the vertical direction. In this case, the feed screw mechanism is composed of a screw shaft in which a male screw is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the shaft-shaped body and a movable body in which a female screw that meshes with the male screw of the screw shaft is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical body. It is a mechanism that drives the movable body linearly by rotating the screw shaft. As a result, the feed screw mechanism in the processing apparatus always meshes with the female screw of the movable body being placed on the male screw of the screw shaft by the weight of the movable body. That is, the feed screw mechanism provided in an inclined state meshes in a state where there is always no backlash on the upper side of each thread of the male screw on the screw shaft (in other words, on the lower side of each thread on the movable body). As a result, the male screw of the screw shaft and the female screw of the movable body are always in contact with each other even when the contact surfaces of the male screw and the female screw are worn by long-term use of the feed screw mechanism. Thus, it is possible to prevent a decrease in positioning accuracy between the workpiece holding part and the processing tool. That is, according to the present invention, it is possible to prevent a decrease in positioning accuracy between the workpiece holding portion and the processing tool with a simple configuration.

  According to another aspect of the present invention according to claim 2, in the processing apparatus, the displacement means is that the inclined feed screw mechanism displaces the work holding portion.

  According to another feature of the present invention according to claim 2 configured as described above, in the machining apparatus, the displacement means displaces the workpiece holding portion by the inclined feed screw mechanism. For this reason, when displacing a workpiece holding part with respect to a processing tool, the fall of the positioning accuracy of a workpiece holding part can be prevented. In addition, by providing the work holding part with an inclination along the direction of inclination of the feed screw mechanism, scattered matter such as cutting powder generated during processing of the work piece or processing oil supplied to the work piece can be seen from above the work piece. It can be removed by dropping naturally.

  In another aspect of the present invention according to claim 3, in the processing apparatus, the displacing means is a direction in which the work holding portion approaches and separates from a side on which the user operates the workpiece to be attached to or detached from the work holding portion. It is to be displaced.

  According to the other feature of the present invention according to claim 3 configured as described above, the displacement means of the machining apparatus may be configured such that the work holding unit is moved closer to the side on which the user operates the workpiece to be attached to or detached from the work holding unit. Displace in the direction of separation. Thereby, the workpiece holding part can be positioned on the side of the workpiece attaching / detaching operation by the user, and the attaching / detaching work of the workpiece to / from the workpiece holding part becomes easy.

  According to another aspect of the present invention according to claim 4, in the processing apparatus, the displacing means displaces the work holding portion in a direction that is lowered downward toward a direction away from the attachment / detachment operation side by the user. .

  According to another aspect of the present invention according to claim 4 configured as described above, the machining apparatus is directed in a direction in which the feed screw mechanism provided in an inclined state separates the workpiece holding unit from the side of the user's attachment / detachment operation. To move downward. As a result, the machining head that holds the machining tool is arranged on the back side of the workpiece holding portion, and the workpiece can be easily attached to and detached from the workpiece holding portion. Moreover, it is possible to prevent the scattered matter such as the cutting powder generated when processing the workpiece and the processing oil supplied to the workpiece from being scattered to the user side, and the workpiece can be attached and detached through the opening. It becomes easy to do.

  According to still another aspect of the present invention according to claim 5, in the processing apparatus, the displacing means further displaces the processing head by the inclined feed screw mechanism.

  According to the other characteristic of the present invention according to claim 5 configured as described above, the machining apparatus is constituted by a feed screw mechanism in which the displacement means for displacing the machining head in addition to the workpiece holding portion is provided in an inclined state. Is done. Thereby, the workpiece holding part and the machining head are displaced by the inclined feed screw mechanism, respectively, and it is possible to more effectively prevent the positioning accuracy between the machining tool and the workpiece holding part from being lowered.

It is an appearance perspective view showing roughly the whole composition of the processing device concerning one embodiment of the present invention. It is a block diagram of the control system for controlling the action | operation of the processing apparatus shown in FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows typically the structure of the principal part of the processing apparatus seen from AA shown in FIG. It is the expanded sectional view which expanded the principal part of the feed screw mechanism which comprises the workpiece | work displacement mechanism shown in FIG. It is the expanded sectional view which expanded the principal part of the feed screw mechanism which comprises the tool raising / lowering mechanism shown in FIG.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of a processing apparatus according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a perspective view schematically showing an external configuration of a processing apparatus 100 according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a control system for controlling the operation of the machining apparatus 100. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a configuration of a main part of the processing apparatus 100 as viewed from AA shown in FIG. Note that each drawing referred to in the present specification is schematically represented by exaggerating some of the components in order to facilitate understanding of the present invention. For this reason, the dimension, ratio, etc. between each component may differ. The processing apparatus 100 is a so-called machine tool that performs three-dimensional cutting using a cutting tool such as a drill or an end mill on a workpiece WK made of a light metal material, a gypsum material, a resin material, a ceramic material, and the like. For example, the processing apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment forms a three-dimensional shape such as a human bone or tooth by cutting a ceramic material (for example, zirconium oxide).

(Configuration of processing apparatus 100)
The processing apparatus 100 includes a housing 101. The housing 101 is a container that stores the mechanical and electrical components of the processing apparatus 100, and is formed in a hollow box shape with an open front surface. A front cover 103 for opening and closing the opening 102 is provided in an openable and closable manner at the opening 102 which is an open portion on the front surface of the housing 101. The front cover 103 is formed of a transparent resin plate-like body so that a processed state of the housing 101 can be visually recognized from the outside. Further, on the right side of the front cover 103 in the figure on the front surface of the housing 101, an operation panel 104 is provided for giving instructions to a controller 130, which will be described later, which is a control device that controls the operation of the processing apparatus 100.

  A base 105 is provided at the bottom inside the housing 101. The base 105 is a metal support member that supports the workpiece holding unit 112 via the workpiece displacement mechanism 106, and is inclined downward from the opening 102 of the processing apparatus 100 toward the rear (Y-axis direction in the drawing) of the processing apparatus 100. The inclined surface 105a is provided. In the present embodiment, the inclined surface 105a of the base 105 is formed to be inclined at an angle of 30 ° with respect to the horizontal line (60 ° with respect to the vertical line). A workpiece displacement mechanism 106 is provided on the inclined surface 105 a of the base 105. The workpiece displacement mechanism 106 is a mechanical device for displacing the workpiece holder 112 along the Y′-axis direction shown in the drawing parallel to the inclined surface 105 a of the base 105, and mainly includes a feed screw mechanism 107 and a guide shaft 113. Has been.

  In the present embodiment, the front-rear direction of the processing apparatus 100 is the Y-axis direction, the left-right direction of the processing apparatus 100 is the X-axis direction, and the up-down direction of the processing apparatus 100 is the Z-axis direction. Further, an axial direction inclined by 30 ° with respect to the Y-axis direction, that is, an axial direction parallel to the inclined surface 105a of the base 105 is defined as a Y′-axis direction, and Y ′ is inclined by 30 ° with respect to the Z-axis direction. An axial direction perpendicular to the axial direction is taken as a Z′-axis direction.

  As shown in detail in FIG. 4, the feed screw mechanism 107 has a cylindrical portion in which a screw shaft 108 having a male screw 108a formed on the outer peripheral surface of the shaft-like body and a female screw 109a meshing with the male screw 108a are formed. The movable body 109 is linearly driven along the axial direction of the screw shaft 108 by rotationally driving the screw shaft 108 (see an arrow in FIG. 4). A screw shaft 108 constituting the feed screw mechanism 107 is supported along the inclined surface 105 a of the base 105. More specifically, the screw shaft 108 has one end connected to the Y-axis direction drive motor 110 and the other end rotatably supported by a support bearing 111 fixed on the base 105. Yes. That is, the feed screw mechanism 107 for displacing the work holding part 112 is provided in a state inclined with respect to the vertical direction. The Y-axis direction drive motor 110 is an actuator whose operation is controlled by the controller 130 to rotationally drive the screw shaft 108, and is fixedly provided inside the housing 101.

  The movable body 109 is a metal block body supported so as to be displaceable along the axial direction of the screw shaft 108, and fixedly supports the work holding portion 112 on the upper surface in the drawing. The workpiece holding unit 112 is a mounting table that detachably holds a workpiece WK that is a processing target of the processing apparatus 100, and is configured by a flat metal plate, and the workpiece WK is placed on the metal plate. A clamp device (not shown) is provided. Sliding blocks (not shown) are provided on both sides of the movable body 109 on the lower surface of the workpiece holding portion 112 in the drawing, and the guide shafts 113 pass through the sliding blocks. The guide shaft 113 is a round bar for guiding the work holding part 112 supported by the screw shaft 108 in the axial direction of the screw shaft 108, and is slidably passed through the sliding block (not shown). 105 is fixedly supported. Note that the work holding unit 112 may be configured to detachably hold the workpiece WK, and may be configured to be gripped by a chuck, for example.

  A machining head 114 is provided above the work holding unit 112. The machining head 114 is a mechanical device that detachably holds the machining tool 115 and rotationally drives the held machining tool 115. The machining head 114 mainly rotates the chuck 114a that holds the machining tool 115 detachably and the held machining tool 115. And a spindle drive motor 114b for driving. The spindle drive motor 114 b is an actuator that is driven by the controller 130 to rotate the machining tool 115, and is fixedly provided on the upper surface of the machining head 114. The processing tool 115 is a cutting tool for cutting the workpiece WK, and includes a cutting tool such as a drill or an end mill.

  The machining head 114 is supported by a tool lifting / lowering mechanism 116. The tool lifting / lowering mechanism 116 is a mechanical device for displacing the machining head 114 in a direction in which the machining head 114 approaches and separates from the work holding unit 112, that is, in the Z′-axis direction in the drawing, and is provided in a cover case 117 formed of a metal box. Is provided. The tool elevating mechanism 116 is mainly composed of a feed screw mechanism 118 and a guide shaft 123, similarly to the workpiece displacement mechanism 106.

  As shown in FIG. 5 in detail, the feed screw mechanism 118 is similar to the feed screw mechanism 107 in that a screw shaft 119 having a male screw 119a formed on the outer peripheral surface of the shaft and a female screw meshing with the male screw 119a. The movable body 120 includes a cylindrical portion 120a having a cylindrical portion 120a. The movable body 120 is moved along the axial direction of the screw shaft 119 by rotationally driving the screw shaft 119 (see an arrow in FIG. 5). Drive linearly. The screw shaft 119 constituting the feed screw mechanism 118 is supported along the Z′-axis direction shown in the figure, which is orthogonal to the displacement direction of the work holding portion 112. More specifically, the screw shaft 119 is connected to a Z-axis direction drive motor 121 whose operation is controlled by the controller 130 and the other end is fixed in the cover case 117. The bearing 122 is rotatably supported. That is, the feed screw mechanism 118 for displacing the machining head 114 is provided in an inclined state with respect to the vertical direction. The Z-axis direction drive motor 121 is an actuator whose operation is controlled by the controller 130 to rotationally drive the screw shaft 119, and is fixedly provided on the upper surface of the cover case 117.

  Similar to the movable body 109, the movable body 120 is a metal block body supported so as to be displaceable along the axial direction of the screw shaft 119, and fixedly supports the machining head 114. The machining head 114 is provided with sliding blocks (not shown) on both sides of the movable body 120, and the guide shafts 123 pass through these sliding blocks, respectively. Similar to the guide shaft 113, these guide shafts 123 are round bars for guiding the machining head 114 supported by the screw shaft 119 in the axial direction of the screw shaft 119. The cover case 117 is fixedly supported in a slidably penetrating state.

  The tool lifting mechanism 116 holding the machining head 114 is supported by a tool displacement mechanism 124. The tool displacement mechanism 124 is a mechanical device for displacing the tool lifting / lowering mechanism 116 in the X-axis direction shown in the drawing, which is the left-right direction of the processing apparatus 100. And a shaft 129.

  Similarly to the feed screw mechanism 107, the feed screw mechanism 125 includes a cylindrical portion in which a screw shaft 126 having a male screw 126a formed on the outer peripheral surface of the shaft-like body and a female screw 127a meshing with the male screw 126a are formed. The movable body 127 includes the movable body 127. The movable body 127 is linearly driven along the axial direction of the screw shaft 126 by rotating the screw shaft 126. The screw shafts 126 constituting the feed screw mechanism 125 are supported on both sides of the housing 101 in a horizontal state. More specifically, the screw shaft 126 constituting the feed screw mechanism 125 is connected to an X-axis direction drive motor 128 whose operation is controlled by the controller 130 and the other end is a housing. A support bearing (not shown) fixed in 101 is rotatably supported. The X-axis direction drive motor 128 is an actuator whose operation is controlled by the controller 130 to rotationally drive the screw shaft 126, and is fixedly provided in the housing 101.

  Similar to the movable body 109, the movable body 127 is a metal block body that is supported so as to be displaceable along the axial direction of the screw shaft 126. The movable body 127 is configured to fix the tool lifting mechanism 116 via the cover case 117. I support it. Further, the movable body 127 has through holes 127b formed on both sides of the female screw 127a, and the guide shafts 129 pass through in a slidable state. Like the guide shaft 113, the guide shaft 129 is a round bar for guiding the movable body 127 supported by the screw shaft 126 in the X-axis direction shown in the figure, and slidably penetrates the movable body 127. In a state, it is fixedly supported in the housing 101.

  The controller 130 includes a microcomputer including a CPU, a ROM, a RAM, and the like. The controller 130 receives instructions from the external computer device 200 connected via the interface 131 and inputs from the operation panel 104 provided on the front surface of the housing 101. The entire operation of the processing apparatus 100 is comprehensively controlled according to the operation. In the present embodiment, the controller 130 controls at least the operations of the Y-axis direction drive motor 110, the spindle drive motor 114b, the Z-axis direction drive motor 121, and the X-axis direction drive motor 128, respectively.

  The external computer device 200 is constituted by a microcomputer composed of a CPU, ROM, RAM, hard disk, etc., and is a personal computer (so-called personal computer) including an input device 201 composed of a keyboard and a mouse and a display device 202 composed of a liquid crystal display. The operation of the machining apparatus 100 is controlled by executing a machining program (not shown). In this case, the machining program is stored in the hard disk in advance by the user. The external computer device 200 may be any type of computer device as long as the operation of the processing device 100 can be controlled.

(Operation of the processing apparatus 100)
Next, the operation of the processing apparatus 100 configured as described above will be described. First, the user connects the external computer device 200 and the processing device 100 via the interface 131, and turns on the power of the external computer device 200 and the processing device 100, respectively. As a result, the external computer device 200 enters a standby state in which it waits for the input of a command from the user by executing a predetermined control program (not shown).

  In addition, the machining apparatus 100 waits for an instruction from the external computer apparatus 200 after returning the origin of the machining head 114 by executing a predetermined control program (not shown) stored in advance in the ROM in the controller 130. It becomes a state. In this case, the origin of the machining head 114 is one movable limit position (the rightmost end in the figure) within each movable range of the machining head 114 in the illustrated X-axis direction, the illustrated Y′-axis direction, and the illustrated Z′-axis direction. , The innermost end in the figure, the uppermost end in the figure.

  Next, the user sets the workpiece WK on the workpiece holding unit 112 of the machining apparatus 100 and holds the machining tool 115 on the machining head 114. In this case, the user sets the workpiece WK and the processing tool 115 through the opening 102 by opening the front cover 103 of the processing apparatus 100. Next, the user operates the input device 201 of the external computer device 200 to instruct the external computer device 200 to execute a machining program (not shown). This machining program includes machining data (NC data) representing a movement path of the machining tool 115 based on the three-dimensional shape data representing the three-dimensional shape in order to form a three-dimensional shape desired by the user on the workpiece WK. Is generated and output to the machining apparatus 100.

  In response to this instruction, the external computer device 200 starts execution of the machining program and generates machining data. In this case, the external computer device 200 generates processing data based on the three-dimensional shape data representing the three-dimensional shape input by the user. Then, the external computer device 200 outputs the generated processing data to the controller 130 of the processing device 100. The controller 130 of the machining apparatus 100 to which the machining data is input controls the operation of the spindle drive motor 114b to rotate the machining tool 115 at a predetermined rotational speed, and then the Y-axis direction drive motor 110 and the Z-axis direction drive motor. By controlling the operations of 121 and the X-axis direction drive motor 128, the position of the tip (blade edge) of the machining tool 115 held by the machining head 114 with respect to the workpiece WK is changed. Thereby, the workpiece WK held on the workpiece holding unit 112 is three-dimensionally cut by the processing tool 115.

  In this case, the feed screw mechanisms 107 and 118 in the workpiece displacement mechanism 106 and the tool lifting / lowering mechanism 116 are provided in an inclined state with respect to the vertical direction as shown in FIGS. For this reason, the female screws 109a and 120a of the movable bodies 109 and 120 in the feed screw mechanisms 107 and 118 are always placed on the male screws 108a and 119a of the screw shafts 108 and 119 by the weight of the movable bodies 109 and 120, respectively. They are engaged in a state. That is, the feed screw mechanisms 107 and 118 always have a backlash on the upper side of the threads of the male screws 108a and 119a on the screw shafts 108 and 119 (in other words, on the lower side of the threads of the female screws 109a and 120a on the movable bodies 109 and 120). Mesh with each other. As a result, the feed screw mechanisms 107 and 118 are always displaced in contact with each other without backlash when the work holding unit 112 and the machining head 114 are reciprocally displaced in the Y′-axis direction and the Z′-axis direction in the drawing. Let

  The feed screw mechanisms 107 and 118 are cases where the contact surfaces of the male screws 108a and 119a of the screw shafts 108 and 119 and the female screws 109a and 120a of the movable bodies 109 and 120 are worn due to friction. However, since the feed screw mechanisms 107 and 118 are provided in an inclined state with respect to the vertical direction, it is possible to maintain the state in contact with each other. As a result, the positioning accuracy of the work holder 112 and the machining head 114 can be maintained for a long period of time.

  Therefore, the machining apparatus 100 performs a cutting process on the workpiece WK through the positioning of the workpiece holding unit 112 and the machining head 114 by the workpiece displacement mechanism 106 and the tool lifting mechanism 116. Then, the controller 130 of the processing apparatus 100 returns the processing head 114 to the origin when all processing based on the processing data is completed.

  On the other hand, the external computer device 200 ends the execution of the machining program and enters a standby state again. Thereby, the processing apparatus 100 also enters a standby state. Next, the user removes the workpiece WK from the workpiece holding unit 112 and ends the cutting of the workpiece WK by the machining apparatus 100. Then, when cutting the other workpiece WK, the user sets the other workpiece WK on the workpiece holding unit 112 in the same manner as described above, and then executes the machining program. On the other hand, the user turns off the power supply of the external computer device 200 and the processing device 100 when not cutting the other workpiece WK. Thereby, the user ends the cutting work of the workpiece WK.

  As can be understood from the above description of the operation, according to the above embodiment, the machining apparatus 100 includes the workpiece holding unit 112 and the machining tool 115 in the illustrated Y ′ axis that is two axial directions of the three axial directions orthogonal to each other. Displacement means for displacing in the direction and the Z′-axis direction shown in the figure is constituted by feed screw mechanisms 107 and 118, and these feed screw mechanisms 107 and 118 are provided in an inclined state with respect to the vertical direction. Thus, in the feed screw mechanisms 107 and 118 in the processing apparatus 100, the female screws 109a and 120a of the movable bodies 109 and 120 are placed on the male screws 108a and 119a of the screw shafts 108 and 119 by the weight of the movable bodies 109 and 120, respectively. It will always mesh in the state. That is, the feed screw mechanisms 107 and 118 provided in an inclined state are provided above the tops of the male threads 109a and 120a on the screw shafts 108 and 119 (in other words, the female screws 109a and 120a on the movable bodies 109 and 120, respectively). Engage in the absence of backlash (under the mountain). As a result, even if the contact surfaces of the male screws 108a, 119a and the female screws 109a, 120a in the feed screw mechanisms 107, 118 are worn, the male screws 108a, 119a of the screw shafts 108, 119 and the movable body 109, Since the state in which the female threads 109a and 120a of 120 are always in contact with each other is maintained, it is possible to prevent the positioning accuracy between the workpiece holding portion 112 and the processing tool 115 from being lowered. That is, the machining apparatus 100 according to the present invention can prevent a decrease in positioning accuracy between the workpiece holding unit 112 and the machining tool 115 with a simple configuration.

  Furthermore, in carrying out the present invention, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and various modifications can be made without departing from the object of the present invention.

  For example, in the above embodiment, the processing apparatus 100 is provided with the feed screw mechanisms 107 and 118 inclined with respect to the vertical direction. That is, in the machining apparatus 100 in the above-described embodiment, the workpiece displacement mechanism 106, the tool lifting mechanism 116, and the tool that constitute the displacement means for relatively displacing the workpiece holder 112 and the machining tool 115 in the three axial directions orthogonal to each other. Among the displacement mechanisms 124, the feed screw mechanisms 107 and 118 constituting the workpiece displacement mechanism 106 and the tool lifting / lowering mechanism 116 are provided in an inclined state with respect to the vertical direction. However, the feed screw mechanism that constitutes the displacing means of the present invention may be configured to displace the work holder 112 and the machining holder 114 relative to each other along at least one of the three axial directions. Good. That is, it is only necessary that at least one of the feed screw mechanisms 107, 118, and 125 is provided in a state inclined with respect to the vertical direction. In this case, all of the feed screw mechanisms 107, 118, and 125 may be provided in a state inclined with respect to the vertical direction. According to this, it is possible to prevent a decrease in positioning accuracy between the work holding unit 112 and the processing tool 115 in all the three axial directions.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, the feed screw mechanisms 107 and 118 are provided in the state inclined 30 degrees with respect to the perpendicular direction. However, the angle at which the feed screw mechanism constituting the displacing means according to the present invention is inclined is not limited to the above-described embodiment as long as the angle is in the range from the vertical direction to the horizontal direction. In this case, the angle at which the feed screw mechanism is inclined is preferably in the range of 30 to 60 ° with respect to the vertical direction.

  In the above-described embodiment, the feed screw mechanism 107 that displaces the work holding portion 112 in the Y′-axis direction is provided in a posture that descends downward in the direction away from the opening 102. That is, the feed screw mechanism 107 is provided in such a posture that it is lowered downward in a direction in which the user separates the workpiece WK from the side on which the workpiece WK is attached to or detached from the workpiece holder 112. As a result, the machining head 114 that holds the machining tool 115 is arranged on the back side of the workpiece holding unit 112, so that the work WK can be easily attached to and detached from the workpiece holding unit 112. Further, it is possible to prevent the scattered powder such as the cutting powder generated during the processing of the workpiece WK and the processing oil supplied to the workpiece WK from being scattered to the opening 102 side, and the workpiece through the opening 102 is processed. It becomes easier to attach and detach the object WK. However, the feed screw mechanism 107 can be provided so as to rise upward in a direction away from the side where the user performs the attaching / detaching operation. According to this, the mounting surface of the workpiece WK in the workpiece holding unit 112 faces the user side, so that the workpiece WK can be easily attached and detached through the opening 102. Further, the feed screw mechanism 125 may be provided so as to be inclined in any of the left and right directions in the figure.

  In the above embodiment, the workpiece displacement mechanism 106, the tool lifting / lowering mechanism 116, and the tool displacement mechanism 124 are configured by the feed screw mechanisms 107, 118, and 125 and the guide shafts 113, 123, and 129. In this case, the guide shafts 113, 123, and 129 constituting the tool lifting mechanism 116 and the tool displacement mechanism 124 are for accurately guiding the work holding unit 112 and the machining head 114 in the respective displacement directions. Therefore, if the work holding unit 112 and the machining head 114 can be accurately guided in each displacement direction, the guide shafts 113, 123, and 129 are omitted, and the work displacement mechanism 106, the tool lifting mechanism 116, and the tool displacement mechanism 124 are removed. It can also be configured.

Moreover, in the said embodiment, the processing apparatus 100 was comprised so that it might cut with respect to the workpiece WK by hold | maintaining the processing tool 115 which consists of cutting tools. However, the processing apparatus 100 is not necessarily limited to the above embodiment as long as the processing apparatus 100 is configured to hold the processing tool 115 that performs removal processing and plastic processing on the workpiece WK. For example, the processing apparatus 100 can be configured to hold the cutting tool instead of or in addition to the cutting tool. In the processing apparatus 100 holding such an engraving tool, a plurality of dot-like processing marks are formed on the surface of a workpiece that is relatively plastically deformable, such as gold, platinum, brass, aluminum, and stainless steel. A desired image can be formed on the surface of the workpiece WK by a set of the plurality of processing marks.

WK ... Workpiece,
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 100 ... Processing apparatus, 101 ... Housing, 102 ... Opening part, 103 ... Front cover, 104 ... Operation panel, 105 ... Base, 105a ... Inclined surface, 106 ... Work displacement mechanism, 107 ... Feed screw mechanism, 108 ... Screw shaft, 108a ... male screw 109 ... movable body 109a ... female screw 110 ... Y-axis direction drive motor 111 ... support bearing 112 112 work holding part 113 ... guide shaft 114 114 machining head 114a ... chuck 114b ... Spindle drive motor, 115 ... processing tool, 116 ... tool lifting mechanism, 117 ... cover case, 118 ... feed screw mechanism, 119 ... screw shaft, 119a ... male screw, 120 ... movable body, 120a ... female screw, 121 ... Z-axis Direction drive motor, 122 ... support bearing, 123 ... guide shaft, 124 ... tool displacement mechanism, 125 ... feed Screw mechanism, 126 ... screw shaft, 126a ... male screw, 127 ... movable body, 127a ... female screw, 127b ... through hole, 128 ... X-axis direction drive motor, 129 ... guide shaft,
130 ... Controller, 131 ... Interface,
200: external computer device, 201: input device, 202: display device.

Claims (5)

A workpiece holding section for detachably holding a workpiece;
A processing head for holding a processing tool for processing the workpiece;
Displacement means for relatively displacing the workpiece holding portion and the machining tool in three axial directions orthogonal to each other, and the workpiece is moved by the relative displacement between the workpiece and the machining tool by the displacement means. In a processing apparatus for forming a three-dimensional shape,
The displacement means is
A processing apparatus comprising: a feed screw mechanism provided along a direction in which at least one of the three axial directions is inclined with respect to a vertical direction. The processing apparatus according to claim 1,
The displacement means is
The processing apparatus, wherein the inclined feed screw mechanism displaces the work holding part. In the processing apparatus according to claim 2,
The displacement means is
A machining apparatus, wherein a user displaces the workpiece holding portion in a direction in which the workpiece is moved toward and away from a side on which the workpiece is attached to or detached from the workpiece holding portion. In the processing apparatus according to claim 3,
The displacement means is
A processing apparatus, wherein the work holding portion is displaced in a direction of lowering toward a direction away from a side of the user's attaching / detaching operation. In the processing apparatus according to any one of claims 2 to 4,
The displacement means further includes
A machining apparatus, wherein the machining head is displaced by the inclined feed screw mechanism.

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