JP2013039052A - Cultivation greenhouse - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a cultivation greenhouse that can easily create an appropriate environment for cultivation.SOLUTION: The cultivation greenhouse for cultivating a plant includes: a first rotary body housing the plant inside thereof and having a hollow shape rotatable around a horizontal axis. A part of the side surface of the first rotary body is shaded or insulated and the shaded or insulated part is constituted to cover the plant when it is located upper part of the plant.

Description

  The present invention relates to a cultivation house for cultivating plants.

  Conventionally, facility horticulture has been widely performed for the purpose of protecting plants such as crops from rainfall or the like, or adjusting the temperature environment, and a cultivation house is generally used in the facility horticulture. As shown in Patent Document 1, for example, this cultivation house is configured to cover an arched frame with a vinyl sheet and accommodate plants to be cultivated therein.

JP 2003-61481 A

  When cultivating plants in cultivation houses such as those mentioned above, the sunlight is blocked so that the plants are not exposed to strong sunlight in the summer, and the outside air is blocked so that the temperature in the cultivation house does not drop in the winter. Plants need to be placed in the cultivation environment. However, in order to create a suitable cultivation environment for plants in this way, there is a problem that a troublesome work such as separately installing a light-shielding net in the cultivation house or affixing a heat insulating sheet to the wall surface of the cultivation house is required. .

  Then, this invention makes it a subject to provide the cultivation house which can make an appropriate cultivation environment easily.

  The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-described problem, and is a cultivation house for cultivating a plant. The first house has a hollow shape that accommodates the plant therein and is rotatable around a horizontal axis. The first rotating body includes a rotating body, and a part of the side surface is shielded or insulated. When the part of the side surface is shielded from light, the shielded part is partially insulated from the side surface. When it has, the said heat-insulated part is comprised so that the said plant may be covered when it is located above the said plant. In the house according to the present invention, “light shielding” in the present invention is a concept including not only completely blocking outside light but also blocking a part of outside light. "Covering" means that when a part of the side surface of the first rotating body is shielded from light, it covers the plant to the extent that external light does not directly hit the plant, and a part of the side surface of the first rotating body. When is insulated, it means that the plant is covered to such an extent that the temperature around the plant can be maintained.

  In the cultivation house, when a part of the side surface of the first rotating body is shielded from light, by rotating the first rotating body and arranging the light-shielded part above the plant, The plant can be covered, and external light can be prevented from directly hitting the plant. Moreover, when a part of side surface of the 1st rotary body is insulated, the said cultivation house was insulated only by arrange | positioning the part insulated by rotating the 1st rotary body above a plant. The part can cover the plant and maintain the ambient temperature of the plant. Thus, the cultivation house can easily create a cultivation environment suitable for plants.

  Moreover, the said cultivation house can accommodate the 1st rotary body inside, and can further be provided with the transparent 2nd rotary body which can rotate around a horizontal axis and is transparent. According to this structure, a plant can be protected from wind and rain by the second rotating body, and when the second rotating body is made of a sturdy material, the robustness of the first rotating body is taken into consideration. The material of the first rotating body can be freely selected. Furthermore, during snowfall, the second rotating body can be rotated to cause snow to fall from the second rotating body, and the cultivation house can be prevented from being damaged by the weight of snow.

  The first rotating body may have a part of the side surface opened. Thereby, outside air can be taken in in a cultivation house and it can control that the temperature in a cultivation house rises.

  Moreover, the said cultivation house accommodates a plant in the inside, The hollow 3rd rotary body which can be rotated around a horizontal axis | shaft may be provided in the 1st rotary body. The third rotating body is configured such that a part of the side surface is shielded or insulated, and the shielded or insulated part covers the plant when positioned above the plant. Thereby, when a part of side surface is light-shielded in both the 1st and 3rd rotary bodies, the shaded part of the 1st rotary body and the shaded part of the 3rd rotary body are overlapped. The light shielding rate can be changed by covering the plant or by covering the plant with one of the light-shielded portions of the first and third rotating bodies. Moreover, when a part of side surface is heat-insulated in both the 1st and 3rd rotary bodies, the heat-insulated part of the 1st rotary body and the heat-insulated part of the 3rd rotary body are piled up, and it is a plant. It is possible to improve the heat insulation by covering.

  When a part of the side surface is shielded from light in both the first and third rotating bodies, the shielded part of the third rotating body has a light shielding rate different from the shielded part of the first rotating body. Is preferred.

  According to the present invention, an appropriate cultivation environment can be easily created.

It is a see-through | perspective perspective view of the cultivation house which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is front sectional drawing of the cultivation house which concerns on the said 1st Embodiment. It is side surface sectional drawing of the cultivation house which concerns on the said 1st Embodiment. It is front sectional drawing of the holding member which concerns on the said 1st Embodiment. It is front sectional drawing which shows the usage method of the cultivation house which concerns on the said 1st Embodiment. It is front sectional drawing which shows the usage method of the cultivation house which concerns on the modification of the said 1st Embodiment. It is front sectional drawing of the cultivation house which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is front sectional drawing which shows the usage method of the cultivation house which concerns on the said 2nd Embodiment. It is front sectional drawing which shows the usage method of the cultivation house which concerns on the modification of the said 2nd Embodiment. It is a perspective view of the rotary body which concerns on the modification of the said 1st and 2nd embodiment.

(First embodiment)
Hereinafter, a first embodiment of a cultivation house according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the cultivation house 1 according to the first embodiment includes a first rotating body 2 that houses therein a holding member 5 that holds a plant P, and the first rotating body 2. A second rotating body 3 housed inside is provided, and the first and second rotating bodies 2 and 3 are supported by a support base 4 so as to be rotatable around a horizontal axis.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the first rotating body 2 includes a plurality of cylindrical portions 21, and one cylindrical portion 21 is disposed between the leg portions 42 of the support 4. Each cylindrical portion 21 has a plurality of annular frames 211 and a plurality of horizontal frames 212 that connect the plurality of annular frames 211, and the half circumference of the side surface is formed by the first light shielding material 213, and the remaining half circumference Is open. The first light shielding material 213 is not particularly limited as long as at least a part of the light can be blocked. For example, the first light shielding material 213 may completely block light in addition to a mesh-shaped light shielding net or a cold chill. Films that can be used can also be used. Note that both end faces of the first rotating body 2 may be opened, or may be covered with the first light shielding material 213 or a transparent material 313 described later.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the second rotating body 3 is provided with a plurality of cylindrical portions 31, similar to the first rotating body 2, and each cylindrical portion 31 includes a plurality of annular frames 311, and A plurality of horizontal frames 312 connecting the plurality of annular frames 311 are provided. Each cylindrical portion 31 has a side half formed of a transparent material 313 and the remaining half is open. The transparent material 313 is not particularly limited as long as it transmits light. For example, a vinyl sheet, a film having a high heat insulation rate and high light transmittance, and a green wavelength region (500 nm to 600 nm) having low photosynthetic activity. Or a film that selectively transmits light in the red wavelength region, or the like can be used. Note that both end faces of the second rotating body 3 may be opened or covered with a transparent material 313.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the support base 4 includes a placement portion 41 on which a plurality of holding members 5 that hold the plant P are placed, and a plurality of leg portions 42. As shown in FIG. 2, each leg portion 42 is provided with a plurality of rolling elements 6 that rotatably support the second and third rotating bodies 2 and 3. The plurality of rolling elements 6 may be configured to be rotated around the horizontal axis by a drive source (not shown) connected to the rotation shaft 61. The mounting part 41 can also be comprised by several cylindrical rollers (illustration omitted) so that the mounted holding member 5 can be conveyed in a horizontal direction.

  As shown in FIG. 3, an elevating mechanism 7 for elevating each holding member 5 may be provided at at least one end of the support base 4. The elevating mechanism 7 is configured such that the elevating cage 71 that accommodates the holding member 5 moves up and down by winding and sending out the chain 72, for example. The elevating mechanism 7 may be configured such that the elevating cage 71 is inverted together with the holding member 5. In this case, it is preferable that a storage tank 8 for storing liquid is provided below the elevating gauge 71. . Thereby, the plant P on the holding member 5 can be immersed in the liquid in the storage tank 8, for example, pest control, foliar fertilization, and removal of harmful substances.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the holding member 5 has a hollow box shape and is vertically divided. A plurality of through-holes 51 are provided on the upper surface of the holding member 5, and the through-holes 51 expose the leaf stem portion on the upper surface of the holding member 5 and allow the root portion to be accommodated inside the holding member 5. P is held. The holding member 5 has an injection tube 52 and a discharge tube 53, and the culture solution is injected into the inside from a culture solution tank (not shown) through the injection tube 52, and is discharged from the inside through the discharge tube 53. The culture medium thus prepared is returned to the culture medium tank (not shown). The culture solution to be injected into the holding member 5 is not particularly limited, but is organic, such as water, chemical fertilizers such as nitrogen, phosphoric acid, or potash, or fertilizer extracts or animal and plant fermentation solutions. What dissolved the fertilizer in the suitable solvent can be used, and a natural plant growth promoter or a natural pest repellent can also be added. In addition, a water retaining material (not shown) can be accommodated inside the holding member 5 as necessary, and the water retaining material is not particularly limited. For example, a polystyrene foam chip or a foam Examples thereof include a polyurethane chip, a sponge chip, a thread ball, a paper piece, or a fiber mat.

  The shape of the holding member 5 is not particularly limited. For example, the holding member 5 may have a rectangular parallelepiped shape with a length of 300 to 5000 mm, a width of 100 to 1000 mm, and a height of 10 to 100 mm, and a side wall thickness of 10 to 150 mm. It can be. Moreover, as a magnitude | size of the through-hole 51, it can be set as diameter 10-200 mm, for example, and the space | interval between each through-hole 51 can be set to 50-600 mm, for example. The material of the holding member 5 is preferably a material having heat insulation properties, but is not particularly limited. For example, a synthetic resin foam such as polystyrene resin, polyurethane resin, or polyethylene resin, a synthetic resin foam, A composite material such as a resin plate, a wooden plate, or a metal plate such as stainless steel can be used. When the holding member 5 is formed of a synthetic resin foam, a polyurethane resin paint (registered trademark Reball Mighty) is formed on the surface of the holding member 5. It is preferable to apply a waterproof paint such as

  Next, the usage method of the cultivation house 1 comprised as mentioned above is demonstrated.

  The cultivation house 1 is used as follows particularly in summer when the sunlight is strong. That is, in the daytime, the first rotating body 2 is rotated so that the first light shielding material 213 is positioned above the plant P, and the plant P is covered with the first light shielding material 213, thereby irradiating the plant P. To block the sunlight (FIG. 5 (a)). On the other hand, in the second rotating body 3, a portion (opened portion) that is not covered with the transparent material 313 is arranged above the plant P, and the surroundings of the plant P are heated by taking outside air from this portion. Is suppressed. At night, the first rotating body 2 may be inverted so that the first light shielding material 213 is positioned below the plant P (FIG. 5B). In the case of wind and rain, the plant P can be protected from wind and rain by inverting the second rotating body 3 and covering the plant P with the transparent material 313 (FIG. 5C).

  Thus, the cultivation house 1 which concerns on 1st Embodiment can cover the plant P with the 1st light shielding material 213 only by rotating the 1st rotary body 2, and interrupts the sunlight with which the plant P is irradiated. Therefore, it is possible to easily create an appropriate cultivation environment especially in summer. Moreover, since the half circumference of the side surface of the 2nd rotary body 3 is open | released, outside air can be taken in in the cultivation house 1, and it can prevent that the inside of a cultivation house becomes high temperature. If the first light shielding material 213 can completely block light, the night environment can be artificially created by covering the plant P with the first light shielding material 213, The sunshine hours for P can be adjusted.

  Although the cultivation house 1 of the said 1st Embodiment was equipped with the 1st and 2nd rotary body 2 and 3, you may be provided with only the 1st rotary body 2, and 3 or more rotary bodies. Can also be provided. For example, as shown in FIG. 6, the cultivation house 1 may be provided with a third rotating body 9 in the first rotating body 2. Like the first rotator 2, the third rotator 9 is supported on the support base 4 so as to be rotatable around the horizontal axis, and the half circumference of the side surface is formed by the second light shielding material 913. Yes. According to this configuration, for example, in the morning when the sunlight is relatively weak, only the first light shielding material 213 in the first rotating body 2 covers the plant P to block the sunlight irradiated to the plant P (see FIG. 6 (a)) In the afternoon when the sunlight is strong, the third rotating body 9 is reversed, the first and second light shielding materials 213 and 913 are overlapped to cover the plant P, and the first and second light shielding materials The shading rate can be changed according to the intensity of sunlight, such as blocking sunlight irradiating the plant P in both of 213 and 913 (FIG. 6B). Note that the light shielding rates of the first and second light shielding materials 213 and 913 themselves may be the same or different. In addition, if the second light shielding material 913 is a net with a fine mesh, the second light shielding material 913 can be used as a pest repellent. For example, the plant P is covered only with the second light shielding material 913 at night. (FIG. 6C).

  Moreover, in the cultivation house 1 of the said 1st Embodiment, although the 1st rotary body 2 was formed with the 1st light shielding material 213 in the half periphery of the side, and the remaining half periphery was open | released, the 1st light shielding material Parts other than 213 may not be opened.

  Moreover, in the cultivation house 1 of the said 1st Embodiment, as for the 2nd rotary body 3, the half circumference of the side was formed with the transparent material 313, and the remaining half circumference was open | released, but it is not limited to this, Outside air is inside. It suffices that at least a part of the side surface is opened so that it can be taken in. Moreover, the 2nd rotary body 3 can also form the whole side surface with the transparent material 313, In this case, it is preferable to provide a ventilation window in a side surface or an end surface.

(Second Embodiment)
Hereinafter, 2nd Embodiment of the cultivation house which concerns on this invention is described, referring drawings. In addition, about the structure similar to 1st Embodiment, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected and description is abbreviate | omitted.

  In the cultivation house 10 which concerns on 2nd Embodiment, as for the 1st rotary body 20, as shown in FIG. 7, the half periphery of the side is formed with the transparent material 2013, and the remaining half periphery is the 1st heat insulation material 2014. Is formed. The entire side surface of the second rotating body 30 is formed of a transparent material 3013. As the transparent material 2013 and 3013, the same material as the transparent material 313 of the first embodiment can be used. The first heat insulating material 2014 is not particularly limited, but a film having a high heat insulating effect. Or an insulating material sheet can be used. In addition, it is preferable that the both end surfaces of the 1st and 2nd rotary bodies 20 and 30 are covered with the transparent material 2013, 3013 or the 1st heat insulation material 2014.

  The cultivation house 10 configured in this way is used particularly in winter when the temperature is low. That is, the first heat insulating material 2014 of the first rotating body 20 is arranged below the plant P during the daytime (FIG. 8A), and the plant P is covered with the first heat insulating material 2014 at night. The first rotating body 20 is reversed (FIG. 8B).

  Thus, the cultivation house 10 which concerns on 2nd Embodiment can cover the plant P with the 1st heat insulation material 2014 only by reversing the 1st rotary body 20, and can protect the plant P from external air. Therefore, an appropriate cultivation environment can be easily created particularly in winter. In addition, when the snow falls, the second rotating body 30 is rotated to allow snow to fall from the second rotating body 20, and the cultivation house 10 can be prevented from being damaged by the snow weight.

  The cultivation house 10 of the second embodiment may include only the first rotating body 20 or may include three or more rotating bodies. For example, as shown in FIG. 9, a third rotating body 90 can be provided in the first rotating body 20. As with the first rotating body 20, the third rotating body 90 is formed with a semicircular side surface of the transparent material 9013 and the remaining half periphery of the second rotating material 9014. Thereby, the 1st and 2nd heat insulation materials 2014 and 9014 can be accumulated and the plant P can be covered, and a higher heat insulation effect can be acquired (FIG. 9 (a)). In addition, if necessary, the plant P can be covered with one of the first and second heat insulating materials 2014 and 9014 (FIG. 9B), and the first and second heat insulating materials 2014 and 9014 themselves. These may have the same or different heat insulation rates.

  Moreover, in the cultivation house 10 of the said 2nd Embodiment, as for the 1st rotary body 20, the half circumference of the side surface was formed with the transparent material 2013, and the remaining half circumference was formed with the 1st heat insulation material 2014. The whole may be formed of the transparent material 2013 and the half circumference of the side surface may be covered with the first heat insulating material 2014.

  As mentioned above, although embodiment of this invention was described, this invention is not limited to these, A various change is possible unless it deviates from the meaning of this invention. For example, in the above embodiment, the first rotating body has light shielding or heat insulation on the half circumference of the side surface. However, when the light shielding or heat insulation portion is arranged above the plant P, external light is directly applied to the plant P. The area which can cover the plant P should just be light-shielded or insulated so that it may not hit or the temperature around the plant P can be maintained.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, although each rotary body was provided with the some cylindrical part, a rotary body can also be comprised with one cylindrical part.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 10, each rotating body may be configured to include a support frame F and a material M that is slidably supported by the support frame F, thereby facilitating the material M. It is possible to exchange it. As the material M, the above-described transparent material, light shielding material, or heat insulating material can be selectively used.

  Further, for example, a cleaning tool such as a brush or a mop can be provided so as to contact the outer peripheral surface of each rotating body. Thereby, the outer peripheral surface of each rotary body can be easily cleaned by rotating each rotary body.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, although each rotary body was formed in the cylindrical shape, it should just be rotatable around a horizontal axis, for example, can be formed in various shapes, such as polygonal shape and spherical shape.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the mounting part 41 of the support stand 4 was one step | paragraph, two or more steps | paragraphs may be provided. In this case, it is preferable to provide an elevating mechanism 7 at both ends of the support base 4 so that at least one elevating mechanism 7 can reverse the holding member 5.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the hollow box-shaped thing was used as the holding member 5, if it can hold the plant P, it will not be limited to this, Various things, such as a panel-like thing and a planter Can be used as a holding member. Moreover, if a plant can be directly planted on the support stand 4, it is not necessary to use a separate holding member.

1,10 Cultivation house 2,20 1st rotating body 213 1st light shielding material 2014 1st heat insulation material 3,30 2nd rotating body 9,90 3rd rotating body 913 2nd light shielding material 9014 2nd Insulation material

Claims (5)

A cultivation house for growing plants,
The plant is housed inside, and includes a hollow first rotating body that can rotate around a horizontal axis,
The first rotating body is a cultivation house in which a part of a side surface is shielded or insulated, and the shielded or insulated part is configured to cover the plant when positioned above the plant. .   The cultivation house according to claim 1, further comprising a hollow second rotating body that houses the first rotating body and is rotatable around a horizontal axis.   The cultivation house according to claim 2, wherein a part of the side surface of the second rotating body is open. A third rotating body provided in the first rotating body, further including the hollow third rotating body that houses the plant therein and is rotatable around a horizontal axis;
The third rotating body is configured such that a part of a side surface is shielded or insulated, and the shielded or insulated part covers the plant when positioned above the plant. The cultivation house in any one of 1-3. The first and third rotating bodies are partially shielded from light on their side surfaces,
The cultivation house according to claim 4, wherein the light-shielded portion of the third rotating body has a light shielding rate different from that of the light-shielded portion of the first rotating body.

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