JP2013032473A - Aqueous detergent - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To solve problems that a solvent-based detergent has danger of catching fire, and influence on environment and human body due to vaporization; and an aqueous detergent requires labor for further rinsing with water for removing residues such as surfactants and alkali agents after cleaning, and causes corrosion of the cleaned surface.SOLUTION: This detergent uses (A) a vaporizable compound having surface-activating action and corrosion resistance, (B) water and (C) a water-soluble solvent without using non-water-soluble solvents, surface active agents and alkali agents; and its pH ranges 5.0 to 13.5.

Description

  The present invention relates to an aqueous cleaning agent suitable for objects to be cleaned such as brakes and parts of vehicles, the surface of an object to be coated, heat exchange fins of an air conditioner, and building materials.

  Fluorocarbon and chlorinated solvents have been used as conventional cleaning agents, but use of petroleum-based solvents and alcohol-based solvents has come to be prohibited due to the ban on the environment and human health. . (See Patent Document 1)

  In addition, water-based cleaning agents are also used, but surfactants and alkali agents are added as components in order to obtain cleaning performance. In addition, alkaline ionized water by electrolysis or the like may be used instead of the alkaline agent. (See Patent Document 2 and Patent Document 3)

  In addition, water-based detergents may be used without adding surfactants or alkali agents. (See Patent Document 4)

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 07-150198 Japanese Patent No. 3305260 JP 2001-207199 A JP-A-10-204497

  However, according to the above technology, the use of solvents such as chlorofluorocarbons and chlorine-based solvents is restricted or prohibited due to effects on the environment and the human body such as ozone layer destruction, groundwater contamination, and carcinogenicity, and petroleum-based solvents and alcohol-based solvents. Because of the flammability, there is a problem of fire hazard due to flammability, impact on human body and environmental impact due to high volatility.

  In addition, since surfactants and alkali agents are added as components for water-based cleaning agents to provide cleaning performance, surfactants and alkali agents remain after cleaning. Rinse work such as neutralization is necessary and troublesome, and in the case of metal surfaces, there is a problem that corrosion due to water or acid occurs.

  In addition, alkaline ionized water by electrolysis or the like may be used instead of the alkaline agent, but there are problems such as short duration of alkalinity due to the disappearance of active hydrogen and problems of residual alkaline substances produced by electrolysis or the like. .

  Furthermore, there are water-based cleaning agents in which a water-soluble solvent is used without using a surfactant or an alkali agent, but there is a problem that it is difficult to increase the amount of water added in terms of cleaning performance.

Therefore, the present invention solves the problems of the solvent-based cleaning agent, the residue of the water-based cleaning agent, the corrosion of the metal surface, the change in liquidity, and the water-based flammability is low. The present invention provides an aqueous cleaning agent that is excellent in corrosiveness and stability, has no residue, does not require water rinsing, and can set a high amount of water.

  In order to solve the above problems, the first invention includes the following components (A) to (C), and includes a surfactant selected from cationic, anionic, nonionic and amphoteric And an aqueous cleaning agent characterized by not containing an alkali agent selected from alkali metal hydroxides, alkali metal carbonates and alkali metal silicates. (A) 0.01 to 25.0% by weight of a vaporizable compound, (B) 30.0 to 99.99% by weight of water, (C) 0 to 50.0% by weight of a water-soluble solvent.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the second invention is an aqueous cleaning agent characterized in that the pH range of the aqueous cleaning agent at 25 ° C. is 5.0 to 13.5.

  According to the first invention or the second invention, dirt can be washed by the surface activation action of the vaporizable compound, and after washing, the vaporizable compound evaporates with water evaporation due to natural drying or air blow. It is convenient because no residue remains and no water rinsing is required. At the same time, the risk of fire due to ignition is low, the influence of the volatile solvent component on the human body and the environment is small, and corrosion of the cleaning surface can be prevented by the corrosion resistance of the vaporizable compound.

  The present invention does not include a surfactant selected from cationic, anionic, nonionic and amphoteric, and an alkali agent selected from alkali metal hydroxides, alkali metal carbonates and alkali metal silicates. Is a feature and contains a vaporizable compound instead.

  The vaporizable compound (A) in the present invention has a vaporizable property at a temperature of 0 ° C. or higher, and further has a detergency due to a surface activation action. is there. In addition, there are caprylate, laurate, carbonate and the like of cyclohexylamine carbonate and dicyclohexylammonium, and also benzotriazole, tolyltriazole, alkylbenzotriazole and the like. Further, there are amine acids, aliphatic acids such as caprylic acid and salts thereof, aromatic acids such as benzoic acid and salts thereof. These are known to prevent metal corrosion.

  The content of the vaporizable compound (A) in the present invention is set to 0.01 to 25.0% by weight with respect to the entire composition. That is, if the blending amount is less than 0.01%, the cleaning power and the corrosion resistance of the object to be cleaned cannot be expressed, and if it exceeds 25.0%, it is economically disadvantageous.

  The water (B) in the present invention is not particularly limited, but it is desirable to use ion-exchanged water or distilled water from which heavy metals or ions existing in a trace amount are removed. Content of a component (B) is set to the range of 30.0-99.99 weight% with respect to this composition whole. That is, if the blending amount is less than 30.0%, the flash point is developed and the risk of fire increases, and if it exceeds 99.99%, the cleaning power and the corrosion resistance of the object to be cleaned cannot be expressed.

  Examples of the water-soluble solvent (C) in the present invention include glycol ether solvents, alcohols, pyrrolidone compounds, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, cyclohexanone, and limonene.

  Examples of the glycol ether solvents include ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, ethylene glycol monoethyl ether, ethylene glycol monopropyl ether, ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, and the like, diethylene glycol monomethyl ether, diethylene glycol monoethyl ether, diethylene glycol monopropyl ether, diethylene glycol Dipropylene such as diethylene glycol ether such as monobutyl ether, propylene glycol ether such as propylene glycol monomethyl ether, propylene glycol monobutyl ether and propylene glycol monophenyl ether, dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether and dipropylene glycol monobutyl ether Glycol ether, propylene glycol, alkylene glycols such as polyethylene glycol.

  Of these, diethylene glycol monobutyl ether, propylene glycol monomethyl ether, propylene glycol monophenyl ether, and dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether are preferred from the viewpoints of permeability, spreadability, and detergency.

  Examples of the alcohol include methyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, normal propyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol, butanols, benzyl alcohol, and 3-methoxy-3-methyl-1-butanol. In particular, isopropyl alcohol is preferable from the viewpoints of permeability, spreadability, and detergency.

  Examples of the pyrrolidone compound include 2-pyrrolidone, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, N-ethyl-2-pyrrolidone, N-alkyl-2-pyrrolidone such as N-propyl-2-pyrrolidone, and 5-methyl-2-pyrrolidone. 5-alkyl-2-pyrrolidone such as 5-ethyl-2-pyrrolidone and 5-propyl-2-pyrrolidone, N-methyl-3-pyrrolidone, N-ethyl-3-pyrrolidone, N-propyl-3-pyrrolidone and the like N-alkyl-3-pyrrolidone and the like. In particular, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone is preferred from the standpoint of spreadability, permeability and detergency.

  These (C) water-soluble solvents can be blended as an optional component together with the essential components (A) to (B) as needed, and may be used alone or in combination of two or more. On the other hand, if the blending amount exceeds 50.0% by weight, it becomes disadvantageous in terms of flammability and economy. This component (C) contributes to the improvement of the spreadability to the cleaning surface, the permeability to dirt and the improvement of the cleaning property.

  The aqueous cleaning agent of the present invention has a hydrogen ion index, ie, pH, in the stock solution in the range of 5.0 to 13.5 at 25 ° C., but 7 to 12 is preferable in order to maintain the cleaning effect and corrosion resistance. If the pH is less than 5.0 or exceeds 13.5, the object to be cleaned may be corroded or handled in danger.

  In the aqueous cleaning agent in the present invention, other components can be further added as needed within the range not impairing the effects of the present invention. For example, antiseptics, antifungal agents, pH adjusting agents, chelating agents, spreading agents, penetrating agents, surface modifiers, abrasives, deodorants, antistatic agents, fragrances, dyes and the like.

  When using the water-based cleaning agent of the present invention, dipping cleaning to the water-based cleaning agent, which is the product of the present invention, is possible in a factory line such as a coating line, but with a coating gun that can adjust the spray pattern and air blow Spray cleaning is recommended. For spot work at construction sites, spray cleaning with a movable airless gun is recommended.

  For ease of use, an aerosol filled with a jet pump or with a jet gas is recommended. The aerosol injection gas includes compressed air, nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, liquefied petroleum gas, dimethyl ether, and alternative chlorofluorocarbons. However, compressed air, nitrogen, oxygen, or dimethyl ether, which have low environmental impact, are recommended. This is preferable because it contributes to an improvement in detergency. Further, the aqueous cleaning agent of the present invention also contributes to corrosion prevention of aerosol cans.

  Examples of the present invention will be described below, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.

  Using the cleaning agents obtained by weighing and mixing the compositions of Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4 shown in Table 1 and Table 2 below, the cleaning properties, corrosion resistance, and dangerous substance classification were evaluated. It is shown in Table 3.

In Table 3, the cleaning properties, corrosion resistance, and dangerous goods classification were evaluated by the following methods.
[1] A metal working oil having a kinematic viscosity of 14 mm ² / S (40 ° C.) was applied to the SPCC steel plate test plate by spraying, and each cleaning agent was sprayed and washed with a coating air gun. Comparative Example 2 was further rinsed with water and the residue was allowed to flow.
[2] Detergency is visually evaluated by the ink wettability, and the ink repellent condition is visually confirmed.
○ No repelling ΔSlight repelling × Repelling
[3] Corrosion resistance is represented by the occurrence of red rust when left for 12 hours after washing as follows: ○ no red rust △ partly generated red rust × whole surface generated red rust.
[4] Classification according to the Fire Service Act was made by measuring the flash point with a tag-closed flash point measuring device and judging the classification of dangerous goods under the Fire Service Act.

  From the results of Table 3 above, it was found that Examples 1 to 4 using the cleaning agent of the present invention had no ink ink repellency, good wettability, and oil was removed. Comparative Examples 1 to 4 It can be seen that the cleaning performance is equivalent to or better than that.

  As for the corrosion resistance, in Comparative Examples 1 to 3, red rust is generated due to the influence of residual water, and in Comparative Example 4 as well, red rust due to condensation generated due to the cooling effect when the solvent is volatilized is slightly generated. In comparison, Examples 1 to 4 using the cleaning agent of the present invention do not generate red rust and are excellent in corrosion resistance.

  In addition, Examples 1 to 4 are all non-hazardous materials with no flash point.

"Effect of the embodiment"
According to this embodiment, the action of the vaporizable compound having a surface activating action enables cleaning without using a surfactant or an alkali agent, and further, since it has vaporization characteristics, no residue remains after washing. Rinsing or rinsing with acid is not required. Moreover, corrosion does not occur after cleaning due to the corrosion resistance of the vaporizable compound. In addition, since alkaline ionized water is not used, the liquid property is not changed and is stable. Furthermore, by adjusting the blending amount of water and water-soluble solvent, it can be made safer non-hazardous material with a high flash point or no flash point, and the impact on the environment and human body due to the small amount of volatile matter. It hardly occurs.

Claims (2)

Contains the following components (A) to (C), does not contain a surfactant selected from cationic, anionic, nonionic and amphoteric, and contains an alkali metal hydroxide, an alkali metal carbonate, and An aqueous cleaning agent characterized by not containing an alkali agent selected from alkali metal silicates.
(A) 0.01-25.0% by weight of a vaporizable compound.
(B) Water 30.0-99.99 wt%.
(C) Water-soluble solvent 0 to 50.0% by weight. The aqueous cleaning agent according to claim 1, wherein the pH range at 25 ° C is 5.0 to 13.5.