JP2013029542A - Polyhedral structure - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a polyhedral structure capable of reducing the types of assembly components in, for example, a globe.SOLUTION: A globe H120 which completes assembly is provided with a structure of Yoshimoto cube. Three square surfaces A120 out of a cubic unit H121 enclosed by slant lines function as a surface member on which a globe pattern is printed. At this time, remaining three surfaces of the six cubic surfaces are arranged inside the globe, and strength of the globe is guaranteed as a core member.

Description

  The present invention relates to a polyhedron structure that can be combined with, for example, a board material on which information is drawn, and, as a typical example, relates to a paper craft for a globe that can be combined with a paper material on which a map is drawn.

  In general, a globe is manufactured by pasting a plurality of partial maps obtained by dividing a world map onto the surface of a sphere. However, such a globe is very difficult to be produced by an individual because a sphere must be produced and an accurate partial map must be affixed to the sphere, and is also sold as a kit. However, production was still troublesome and more expensive in operations such as alignment of partial maps.

  Therefore, conventionally, a technique has been proposed in which a polyhedron is formed using cardboard or the like without using a sphere, and this polyhedron is used as a globe instead of a sphere. Patent Document 1 discloses a regular polyhedron and a quasi-regular polyhedron paper craft. This Patent Document 1 proposes to create a regular polyhedron or a quasi-regular polyhedron by folding a regular polyhedron or a quasi-regular polyhedron that is continuous with each other of a plurality of continuous regular pentagons or regular triangles. It has been proposed to form a joint between adjacent sides of a triangle by a glue margin or a slit and a lip inserted into the slit.

  In Patent Document 2, a slit is formed in a plurality of types of cardboard, and another cardboard is inserted into the slit to form a core member that is an internal reinforcement, and the insertion part is inserted into a plastic sheet that constitutes a polyhedral surface material. It is proposed to construct a polyhedron by inserting this insertion part into the core member. According to the technique disclosed in Patent Document 2, a polyhedron can be made without glue.

  Conventionally, a cube toy composed of eight cube units called “Yoshimoto Cube” (inventor: Naoki Yoshimoto) is known. In this Yoshimoto cube, adjacent cube units are hinged to each other, so that the six surfaces of each cube unit can be exposed to the outer surface while changing the form from a cube to a cuboid and from a cuboid to a cube.

JP-A-7-28394 JP 2010-66703 A

  An object of the present invention is to provide a polyhedral structure that can reduce the types of assembly parts in a globe, for example.

  It is a further object of the present invention to provide an assembled craft of a polyhedral structure having a shape obtained by removing the inner polyhedron inscribed from the outer polyhedron.

  Another object of the present invention is to provide an assembly type craft of a polyhedral structure which can make a conventionally known “Yoshimoto cube” by a simple assembling operation.

  The invention of the present application is typically characterized in that a surface member on which a design of the earth is printed and a core member that reinforces the structure of the globe are shared. This will be explained as a superordinate concept. A reversible function for turning the globe upside down is added by adding a hinge function to the connecting material between the parts, and the roles of the surface member and the core member are switched. This makes it possible to reduce the types of members and easily assemble the globe, and at the same time, make a globe with a solid structure by the core member. In addition, you can see different world globes with two different themes and learn an unprecedented world view.

  Specifically, according to the present invention, two or more of the above technical problems are caused by a start unit made of at least two board members and a first assembly process in which the start unit is bent and three-dimensionalized. In the polyhedral end structure obtained by the second assembly process in which the three-dimensional intermediate unit is joined by the connecting unit, at least one surface of the intermediate unit is a part of the surface member of the end structure. A polyhedral structure is provided in which at least one of the remaining surfaces of the intermediate unit serves as an inner core member that reinforces the end structure. According to this, it is achieved by making the surface member on which the design of the globe is printed and the core member that reinforces the structure of the globe shared.

It is a perspective view which shows the board | plate material unit for making this regarding the Yoshimoto cube of 1st Example. It is an assembly drawing which shows the coupling | bonding method of a character unit of "8". FIG. 3 is an assembly diagram of a character unit “8” showing the procedure following FIG. 2. FIG. 4 is an assembly diagram of a character unit “8” showing the procedure following FIG. 3. FIG. 5 is an assembly diagram of a character unit “8” showing the procedure following FIG. 4. FIG. 6 is an assembly diagram of a character unit “8” showing the procedure following FIG. 5. It is a completion drawing of the character unit of “8”. It is an assembly drawing which connects character unit of "8". FIG. 9 is an assembly diagram for connecting the character units of “8” showing the procedure following FIG. 8. FIG. 10 is an assembly diagram in which the character units “8” showing the procedure following FIG. 9 are connected to each other. It is a figure which shows the Yoshimoto cube of the state of a rectangular parallelepiped completed by complete | finishing connection of all the units. It is a completed figure of a prefabricated globe (Yoshimoto Cube), which is a cube-shaped Yoshimoto cube and has a map of the earth printed on its outer surface. It is a perspective view which shows the board | plate material unit for making the outer side polyhedron of 2nd Example. It is an assembly drawing which attaches a connection unit to a board material unit. It is a completion drawing of a roof unit. It is an assembly drawing which attaches the customized connection unit. It is a completion drawing of a customized roof unit. It is an assembly drawing which shows the connection procedure of roof units. It is a figure which shows the expansion | deployment state with which roof units were connected. FIG. 20 is an assembly diagram illustrating a procedure for starting up the roof unit illustrated in FIG. 19. It is a figure which shows the procedure following FIG. 20 which engages the last roof unit. It is a completion figure of the assembly-type regular dodecahedron globe of 2nd Example. It is a figure which shows the state which decomposed | disassembled the regular dodecahedron globe. It is an assembly drawing which shows the procedure which starts the roof unit shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows the procedure following FIG. 24 which engages the last roof unit. It is a completed figure of the assembly type | formula cube globe assembled by inverting the roof unit which comprises an outside polyhedron.

First Example (FIGS. 1 to 12) :
For example, when making a globe, a surface member on which a partial world map is printed on each surface of a development view in which a sphere is regarded as a polyhedron is attached to a core material of an inner sphere. However, the pasting work requires advanced technology and is costly because it relies on manual work. In particular, the attachment of a normal globe requires careful attachment work because the joints are concentrated in the South Pole and the North Pole.

  Therefore, if the globe is made as an assembly type like a paper craft, the assembly work can be left to the purchaser. However, for that purpose, it is necessary to simplify the procedure so that even an individual can assemble. In other words, it is desirable that the number and type of units for assembly be as small as possible. Therefore, the core member for stabilizing the structure may be omitted in order to reduce the type of unit. As a result, it is necessary to prepare a material having rigidity as the surface member, for example, thick cardboard or plastic material. If the core member is omitted, the surface of the globe may be depressed by a slight impact or load.

An embodiment relating to the Yoshimoto cube will be described with reference to the drawings, taking an assembly-type globe having the following features as an example.
(1) The board member unit (surface material that can be bent according to the crease: the material is plastic board, paper, or cardboard) is common to the surface member and the core member.
(2) This unit further includes a function of connecting the units.
(3) Furthermore, the connecting material between the units is movable like a hinge, and has a reversible function in which a globe with another theme appears by turning the surface of the globe upside down.
(4) When the surface is turned over, the roles of the core member and the surface member are switched.
(5) Further, the above connecting function can be assembled by inserting into the slit, and no adhesive is required.
(6) Furthermore, the board material has a substantially rectangular shape, which is efficient in production and packaging.

  FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the board member units A10 and A11. The board material unit (surface material) has eight substantially square surfaces linked together. By folding along the fold line provided at the boundary between the square surfaces, a “8” -shaped three-dimensional unit can be formed. Unit cubes constituting a reversible globe are formed by engaging the “8” character units with each other.

  A partial world map is typically drawn in the hatched area A12. That is, it is a region that becomes a surface member on one side of the reversible globe. That is, when the assembly is completed, the other square surfaces are arranged inside the globe and function as core members that reinforce the globe. In the hatched area A13, a partial map of the celestial sphere is typically printed. That is, it is a region that becomes a surface member on the other side of the reversible globe. When the assembly is completed, the other square surface is arranged inside the celestial sphere and functions as a core member for reinforcing the celestial sphere. The hatched portion A14 corresponds to the back of the “8” character unit. An assembly assistance symbol or an arrow may be written on the back surface. The board member units A10 and A11 have the same information printed on the back side.

  Further, the slits D10, D11, D13, D14 have a role of connecting the unit cubes. Therefore, this assembly type globe does not require a separate connecting unit. That is, the functions of the surface member, the core member, and the connecting material are integrated by the strip-shaped board material unit.

  In addition, the board material units A10 and A11 have a folding function provided along the alternate long and short dash line C10, which is indispensable for the reversible globe.

  The board material unit A10 is obtained by adding a tab A15 to the board material unit A11. Tab A15 is added to stabilize the globe structure, but may be omitted if necessary. Further, the positions of the slits are common in the board material units A10 and A11. Summing up these features, the board material unit shape of this assembled globe can be shared by one type. Furthermore, since the shape is substantially rectangular, it is efficient because it can be easily packed with a board material such as paper, and can be packed without being bulky.

  The assembly procedure will be described. As shown in FIG. 2, the board material unit A10 is bent along the fold line C21, and the slit D13 is engaged with the slit D14. Since the slits D13 and D14 have a hinge function, it is preferable that the slits D13 and D14 are formed of wide slits in consideration of the thickness of the board material, and easy movement and prevention of wear.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 3, the hatched area A31 is bent along the fold line C31. Further, as shown in FIG. 4, the folding slit D41 is engaged with D42 along the folding lines C41 and C42. The tab A41 and the tab A42 are folded along the folding lines C43 and C44 and folded inside the character unit “8”. The folded state is shown in FIG. Next, as shown in FIG. 6, it folds along the fold line C62 so that the hatched areas A61 and A62 come into contact with each other. In this way, "8" character units H71 and H72 can be assembled from the board material units A10 and A11 as shown in FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 8, this "8" character unit H72 is connected to two "8" character units H71. At this time, an assembly error can be prevented by printing an assembly auxiliary symbol and an arrow on the board member unit in advance. Confirm the number and frame shape indicated by symbols G81 and G83 and the number and frame shape indicated by symbols G82 and G84, and confirm the direction of arrows F81 and F83 and arrows F82 and F84. It can be confirmed that the character unit H72 is fitted to H71 from the direction of arrow F85. The other “8” -shaped unit H71 is similarly connected to form a unit H84. Make another similar unit.

  As shown in FIG. 9, the "8" character unit H91 and the "8" character unit H92 are connected to the unit H84. Further, as shown in FIG. 10, the unit H101 is connected to the unit H102 similar to the unit H84 in the same procedure. Thus, as shown in FIG. 11, a solid H110 in which all eight cubic units are connected is completed. Among them, the two cubic units H112 at the end indicated by the hatched portion are rotated in the direction of the arrow F112 around the hinge C110 formed by the engagement of the slits, and at the same time, the other cube unit H112 is indicated by the hatched portion. By rotating the two cubic units H111 at the ends of the cube unit H111 in the direction of arrow F111 around a hinge C111 formed by engaging the slits, a desired cube assembling globe is assembled.

  On the other hand, the four cubic units H113 indicated by the hatched portions are rotated in the direction of the arrow F113, and at the same time, the four cube units H114 indicated by the hatched portions are rotated in the direction of the arrow F114, and the whole is turned upside down. Then, when the two cubic units at both ends are rotated in the same procedure as above, the other globe with the map symbol on the surface reversed, that is, the celestial globe symbol on the surface of the cube globe in this example. appear.

  FIG. 12 shows the globe H120 that has been assembled. At this time, three square surfaces A120 of the cubic unit H121 surrounded by diagonal lines function as surface members on which a globe symbol is printed. At this time, the remaining three surfaces of the six cubic surfaces are arranged inside the globe, and as a core member, the strength of the globe is secured.

  In order to understand the present invention, explanation based on geometry is necessary. However, when this is applied, the actual production deformation is naturally accompanied. Therefore, in understanding the present invention, it should be understood that these modifications are included in the scope of the present invention. Needless to say, there is a slight error in the length of the square side in the first embodiment because fine adjustment is performed in consideration of the thickness of the paper. An approximate value may be used as long as it is within a range in which the same effect as that of the first embodiment can be obtained. Further, the shape of the board material unit and the “8” character unit may be slightly distorted or missing.

Second Example (FIGS. 13 to 26):
An assembly-type globe having the following characteristics will be described as an example with reference to the drawings. The polyhedron of the second embodiment is a regular dodecahedron, and this regular dodecahedron is referred to as an outer polyhedron, and a regular hexahedron inscribed therein is referred to as an inner polyhedron. It is comprised by the exposed surface member and the core member which contact | connects an inner polyhedron.
(1) The surface member and the core member are made of a common board material unit.
(2) Furthermore, the connecting material between these units is movable like a hinge, and has a reversible function that reverses the surface of the globe and shows a globe with another theme.
(3) When the surface is further reversed, the roles of the core member and the surface member are switched.
(4) Further, no adhesive is required due to the assembly method of inserting the connecting material into the slit.
(5) Further, the above reversible function transforms the regular dodecahedron globe into a cubic globe.

  The second embodiment will be described in detail below, but the present invention is not limited to the combination of a regular dodecahedron and a regular hexahedron inscribed therein. For example, a combination of a regular icosahedron and a regular dodecahedron inscribed in this, A combination of a hexahedron and a regular tetrahedron inscribed therein, a combination of a regular octahedron and a regular hexahedron inscribed therein, a combination of a rhomboid dodecahedron that is a quasi-regular polyhedron and a regular hexahedron inscribed in this, etc. Can be implemented.

  FIG. 13 is a view of the board material unit A130 as seen from the back side. The reversible globe symbol is drawn on the opposite side of the board shown in FIG. The square A134 constitutes one surface of a reversible globe cube globe. Both the triangular surface A133 and the trapezoidal surface A133 constitute a pentagonal surface of a regular dodecahedron globe.

That is, when the cube globe is assembled, the square A134 bears the surface material, while the triangular surface A133 and the trapezoidal surface A133 are arranged inside the cube to strengthen the structure of the globe as a core material. Similarly, when the dodecahedron globe is assembled by inverting, the triangular surface A133 and the trapezoidal surface A133 bear the surface material, while the square A134 is arranged inside the dodecahedron and reinforces the structure of the globe as a core material. In this way, a board member unit in which the surface member and the core member are made common.

When the plane A133 is folded along the fold line C133 in the direction of the arrow F133, a solid unit having a roof shape (a unit obtained by dividing a solid obtained by removing the inner polyhedron from the outer polyhedron: this is referred to as an outer divided unit or a roof unit). Can do. A fold indicated by a hatched area A131 is folded in the direction of arrow F131 along the fold line C131. Similarly, claw A132 is bent in the direction of arrow F132 along fold line C132. By engaging the claw A132 with the slit D131 provided in the Mimi A131, the roof unit can be assembled without an adhesive and can be re-disassembled.

  FIG. 14 shows a procedure for installing the connecting unit E141 made of the board material on the roof unit. Before assembling the roof unit, the connecting unit E141 is installed in a region A144 indicated by a dotted line. The connecting portion A142 bent along the fold line C142 is engaged with the slit D135, and the connecting unit E141 is fixed to the roof unit.

  The connecting unit connects the roof units (outside division units) to each other, and the fold line C142 serves as a movable hinge portion, which has an essential hinge function for the reversible globe. As a result, the load increases, so that the connecting unit A141 is given strength by bending along the folding line C141 and raising the rib A141. The slit D135 is preferably a slit having a width so as not to hinder the movement of the movable hinge.

  FIG. 15 is a perspective view of a roof unit (outside division unit) H150. A globe can be assembled with one kind of roof unit. It can be seen that the connecting portion A142 of the connecting unit E141 is protruding. The shape of the coupling part A142 is preferably made by cutting the portion indicated by reference numeral D151 and making it easy to attach and detach.

  One of the roof units may be customized so that the last unit can be easily connected in the connecting operation between the roof units (outside division units). FIG. 16 is an assembly diagram of the customization unit. Unlike a normal unit, the connection unit E161 has only one connecting portion A162 indicated by a dotted line. This is because it is difficult to simultaneously engage the last two coupling parts of the globe assembly.

  The roof unit H161 and the connection unit E161 are integrated by engaging the connection unit E161 with the slit D165. At this time, since the connection unit E161 cannot be fixed to the roof unit H161 using only one engagement point as a restraint point, the shape of the connection member E161 is determined so as to be exactly within the area A163 indicated by the dotted line on the square surface of the roof unit. ing.

  FIG. 17 is a perspective view of the customized roof unit H170. It can be seen that the connecting portion A162 of the connecting unit E171 is protruding.

  FIG. 18 shows a process in which five roof units (outside division units) H180 and one customized roof unit H181 are engaged via a connecting unit coupling portion A180. FIG. 19 shows a state where the engagement work is completed. Next, when the roof unit H191 surrounded by a thick line with the segment C191 as the rotation axis is raised in the direction of arrow F190, the state shown in FIG. 20 is obtained. Next, when the roof unit H201 is raised in the direction of the arrow 201 with the line segment C201 as the rotation axis and the connecting portion A202 is engaged with the slit D202, the state shown in FIG. 21 is obtained. Finally, when the customized roof unit H211 is raised in the direction of the arrow 211, with the line segment C211 as the rotation axis, and the connecting part A212 is engaged with the slit D212, the desired dodecahedron globe is completed. FIG. 22 is a completed view of the regular dodecahedron globe H220. This dodecahedron globe H220 has a regular hexahedron space inside, and if necessary, create a regular hexahedron (inside polyhedron) to fill this void, and the dodecahedron globe H220 The inside may be filled.

  Next, the procedure for inverting the dodecahedron globe H220 and converting it to the other cube globe of the reversible globe according to the present invention will be described. The regular dodecahedron globe H220 constituting the outer polyhedron is disassembled into the state shown in FIG. This state can also be obtained by turning the globe deployment state H190 shown in FIG. 19 upside down.

  When the roof unit (outside division unit) H231 surrounded by a thick line with the line segment C231 as the rotation axis is raised in the direction of arrow F231, the state shown in FIG. 24 is obtained. Next, when the roof unit H241 is raised in the direction of the arrow 241 with the line segment C241 as the rotation axis and the connecting portion A242 is engaged with the slit D242, the state shown in FIG. 25 is obtained. Finally, when the customized roof unit H251 is rotated in the direction of the arrow 251 with the line segment C251 as the rotation axis and the connecting portion A252 is engaged with the slit D252, a desired cubic globe is completed. FIG. 26 is a completed view of the cubic globe H260.

Using the reversible globes obtained by the first and second embodiments, a globe showing only the coastline may be combined with a globe showing the border and / or graticule. A combination of the Earth of the day and the Earth of the night or a globe written in two languages may be combined. You may combine other celestial bodies, such as a moon ball. Of course, the upper part where the first surface and the second surface of the first and second three-dimensional structures are printed is not limited to the map of the earth, and arbitrary information and patterns may be printed. Of course, it is preferable to print different information and patterns on the first surface and the second surface.

  In order to understand the present invention, explanation based on geometry is necessary. However, when this is applied, the actual production deformation is naturally accompanied. Therefore, in understanding the present invention, it should be understood that these modifications are included in the scope of the present invention. Needless to say, a slight error occurs because the length of the square side in the second embodiment is finely adjusted in consideration of the thickness of the paper. An approximate value may be used as long as it is within a range in which the same effect as in the second embodiment can be obtained. Further, the shape of the board material unit or the roof unit may be slightly distorted or chipped.

Claims (5)

  There is a start unit made of at least two boards and two or more three-dimensional intermediate units by a first assembly process in which the start unit is bent and three-dimensionalized, and the three-dimensional intermediate units are engaged by a connecting unit. In the polyhedral end structure obtained by the second assembling process, at least one surface of the intermediate unit forms part of the surface member of the end structure, and at least one surface of the remaining surfaces of the intermediate unit A polyhedral structure characterized in that becomes an inner core member that reinforces the end structure.   The polyhedral structure according to claim 1, wherein the start unit is provided with a connection function by integrating the connection units.   2. The polyhedral structure according to claim 1, wherein a hinge function is added to the connecting unit, and the intermediate units rotate while being linked to each other, whereby two different designs drawn on the surface of the end structure are switched. .   The polyhedral structure according to claim 1, wherein the intermediate unit is provided with a cut and the connection unit is engaged with the cut.   The polyhedral structure according to claim 1, wherein the start unit has a substantially rectangular shape.

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