JP2013029312A - Radiation-contaminated water and contaminated air processing system by soil trench method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a radiation-contaminated water and contaminated air processing system that can be constructed in a short construction period, removes radioactive matters from radiation-contaminated water and contaminated air through a soil-covering-type trench structure, and carries out filtration through soil.SOLUTION: A contaminated water and contaminated air are put in a soil-covering-type anaerobic filter bed 1; supernatant liquid obtained after crude matters of the contaminated water is precipitated and the contaminated air passed through a vent pipe are supplied to a soil-covering-type radioactivity removal trench 3; and precipitated sludge is sent to a soil storage trench 2. Each trench has such a structure in which: a clay plate 42 is provided slightly leaving an upper part of a waterproof sheet 41 laid in a groove 40 dug in a soil-type water collection tank 30 having a waterproof sheet structure; a capillary sand layer 43 is provided on the clay plate 42; a sprinkling pipe 44 is installed above the capillary sand layer 43 and covered with air-permeable soil 47. In each trench, air and liquid leak from the sprinkling pipe 44, move into the capillary sand layer 43 to let the clay layer 42 adsorb radioactive matters, ooze out while flowing by capillarity through the waterproof sheet 41, is made to flow in an unsaturated state without any power, filtered through soil of the soil-type water collection tank 30, and collected in a drain part 35.

Description

  The present invention is a method of confining contaminated water containing radioactive substances (radiation-contaminated water) and air containing radioactive substances (contaminated air) in a soil trench, and using radioactive soil to remove radioactive substances from radiation-contaminated water and contaminated air. The present invention relates to a radiation-contaminated water and contaminated air treatment system that is adsorbed by clay and passed through soil and filtered.

  Conventional soil trenches were mainly denitrification and dephosphorization methods by organic matter treatment of sewage and miscellaneous wastewater and advanced treatment of septic tank wastewater (Patent Document 1). Recently, radioactive materials scattered in the atmosphere get on air currents and fall on the surface and water surface of a wide area, and the environment is radioactively polluted, which has become a social problem. In particular, if it is contaminated with radioactive substances with a long half-life, it cannot be used without decontamination treatment such as contaminated land and water, and it must be monitored over a long period until safety and security are confirmed. I must.

Currently, as countermeasures for removing radioactive pollutants, for example, a method of cultivating plants such as sunflowers to remove soil radioactivity, a method using lichen (moss) (Patent Document 2), a method using microorganisms ( Although Patent Document 3) has been proposed, it is hardly found.
At present, radioactive materials widely distributed in grounds, gardens, etc. are disposed of by blowing them off with a high-pressure washing machine or stripping off the topsoil with a bulldozer. When a radioactive substance is blown away by a high-pressure washing machine, the radioactive substance is scattered by wind and rain again simply by moving from place to place. Moreover, when the topsoil is peeled off and buried in the soil, there is a risk of contaminating the groundwater, and the place to be buried is limited. The above-mentioned measures are also economically problematic and cannot solve the problem of removing radioactive pollutants.

For example, outdoor pools such as schools and kindergartens often have a structure that flows into the fields when drained, so if the water is contaminated with radioactive substances, it cannot be drained and used. When the water in such an outdoor pool is contaminated with radioactive substances, a method for treating the radiation-contaminated water has not been established.
In addition, contamination with radioactive substances reaches the atmosphere, and enters the body through the respiratory organs of children, causing internal exposure.

JP 2001-70982 A JP 2002-1047489 A JP-A-2005-321365

  An object of the present invention is a radiation-contaminated water treatment system that can be constructed in a short construction period and that adsorbs radioactive material from clay using a siphon principle using a soil-covered trench structure, and then passes the soil through the soil and filters it. And a combined treatment system that integrates the radiation-contaminated water treatment system and a radiation-contaminated air treatment system that traps radioactive contaminants contained in the contaminated air in a soil-covered trench.

The radiation-contaminated water treatment system of the present invention separates the radiation-contaminated water into a coarse product and a supernatant liquid, and promotes the decomposition of organic matter by anaerobic microorganisms, and the soil-coated anaerobic filter bed. At least one sludge storage trench for storing precipitated sludge, a plurality of soil-covered radioactive removal trenches for removing radioactive substances from the supernatant liquid flowing from the soil-coated anaerobic filter bed, and each of the trenches A total amount water collecting device that is arranged separately and is composed of a soil-type water collecting tank that filters capillary water infiltrated into the soil from each trench by the principle of capillary siphon,
The soil-covered anaerobic filter bed is constructed by digging a rectangular hole in the land, covering the inner surface with a synthetic resin film, building the bottom with bottom concrete, and preventing the leakage between the filter bed and the land. A rooster is installed in the middle of the floor, and a tank for storing sludge in which coarse substances separated from radiation-contaminated water are precipitated is provided at the lower portion of the rooster, and the upper portion of the rooster is filled with gravel, Coated structure,
The sludge storage trench digs a groove of a predetermined depth in the backfilled soil in the longitudinal direction of the center of the soil-type water collection tank, and a water-proof sheet covers a predetermined height region including the groove bottom. Covering, a clay layer provided with a little upper part of the water-stop sheet, a capillary sand layer provided on the clay layer at a predetermined height above the water-stop sheet, and installed on the capillary sand layer A sludge box with a water spray pipe and a structure covered with aerated soil,
The soil covering type radioactivity removal trench is formed by digging a groove having a predetermined depth extending upward in the backfilled soil in a longitudinal direction substantially at the center of the soil-type water collecting tank, and having a predetermined height including the groove bottom. A clay layer provided with a water-stop sheet, leaving a little upper part of the water-stop sheet, a capillary sand layer provided on the clay layer at a predetermined height above the water-stop sheet, and A water spray pipe installed on the capillary sand layer, the water spray pipe is filled with gravel, the entire gravel is covered with a net and covered with aerated soil,
The trench part and the upper part of the soil-type water collecting tank are piled up, and the whole is formed slightly higher than the ground level.

The radiation-contaminated water and contaminated air treatment system according to the present invention includes a soil-coated anaerobic filter bed that separates the radiation-contaminated water into a coarse product and a supernatant and promotes decomposition of organic matter by anaerobic microorganisms, and the soil-coated anaerobic filter. Storing at least one sludge storage trench for storing sludge precipitated on the filter bed, and a plurality of soil-covered radioactive removal trenches for removing radioactive substances from the supernatant liquid flowing from the soil-coated anaerobic filter bed, A total amount water collecting device comprising a soil-type water collecting tank that is arranged so as to surround each trench individually and that filters capillary water infiltrated into the soil by the principle of capillary siphon from each trench, and
The soil-covered anaerobic filter bed is constructed by digging a rectangular hole in the land, covering the inner surface with a synthetic resin film, building the bottom with bottom concrete, and preventing the leakage between the filter bed and the land. A rooster is installed in the middle of the floor, a tank for storing sludge in which coarse substances separated from radiation-contaminated water are stored is provided at the lower portion of the rooster, and the upper portion of the rooster is filled with gravel, At the inflow part of the radiation-contaminated water, an air supply pipe for the radiation-contaminated air is connected above the water level of the tank, and a vent pipe is inserted through the gravel filled in the upper part of the rooster at almost the same position as the air supply pipe. Provided and covered with soil,
The sludge storage trench digs a groove of a predetermined depth in the backfilled soil in the longitudinal direction of the center of the soil-type water collection tank, and a water-proof sheet covers a predetermined height region including the groove bottom. Covering, a clay layer provided with a little upper part of the water-stop sheet, a capillary sand layer provided on the clay layer at a predetermined height above the water-stop sheet, and installed on the capillary sand layer A sludge box with a water spray pipe and a structure covered with aerated soil,
The soil covering type radioactivity removal trench is formed by digging a groove having a predetermined depth extending upward in the backfilled soil in a longitudinal direction substantially at the center of the soil-type water collecting tank, and having a predetermined height including the groove bottom. A clay layer provided with a water-stop sheet, leaving a little upper part of the water-stop sheet, a capillary sand layer provided on the clay layer at a predetermined height above the water-stop sheet, and A water spray pipe installed on the capillary sand layer, the water spray pipe is filled with gravel, the entire gravel is covered with a net and covered with aerated soil,
Distributing between the soil-coated anaerobic filter bed and the soil-covered anaerobic filter floor to distribute the supernatant liquid of the soil-coated anaerobic filter bed to the contaminated water pipe, while distributing the contaminated air to the contaminated air main pipe With a spear,
The upper part of the trench part and the soil-type water collection tank is piled up, and the whole is formed slightly higher than the ground level,
This apparatus is characterized in that contaminated air contaminated with radioactive material is put in and the pollutant is contained in a soil trench.

  The clay layer is a clay plate formed by pouring a mixture of clay, zeolite powder and water with a concrete mixer into a mold.

According to the present invention, the following effects can be expected.
(1) It is possible to remove radioactive substances contained in contaminated water and / or contaminated air contaminated with radioactivity.
(2) Since processing is performed without power, energy is saved.
(3) Since all the soil is covered, there is no scattering of radioactive material.
(4) There is no contamination of groundwater because it is a full-volume collection type.
(5) Construction cost is low.
(6) Maintenance is easy because no equipment is used.
(7) Maintenance costs are low because no chemicals are used.
(8) The service life is semipermanent and it is economical.
(9) It can treat contaminated water and air from a wide range of houses to large facilities.

FIG. 1 is a plan view showing the overall configuration of the radiation-contaminated water treatment system according to the first embodiment of the present invention. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing a BB cross section of FIG. 2. FIG. 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing a CC cross section of FIG. FIG. 5 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing a DD cross section of FIG. 1. FIG. 6 is a plan view showing the overall configuration of the radiation-contaminated water / contaminated air treatment system according to the second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 7 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing the EE cross section of FIG. 6. FIG. 8 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing the FF cross section of FIG.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

1 is a plan view showing an overall configuration of a radiation-contaminated water treatment system according to a first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB in FIG. 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing the CC cross section of FIG. 2, and FIG. 5 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing the DD cross section of FIG.
The present embodiment is a system in which one sludge storage trench and 10 soil-covered radioactive removal trenches are arranged in parallel, and a water collecting device is arranged surrounding each trench individually. It is appropriately selected according to the scale of the amount of drainage. In the following description, “radiation-contaminated water” and “radiation-contaminated air” are simply referred to as “contaminated water” and “contaminated air”.

  The soil-covered anaerobic filter bed 1 separates contaminated water into coarse substances and supernatant liquid, and promotes decomposition of organic substances by anaerobic microorganisms. Part of the contaminated water is taken up by the biofilm around the packed filter medium composed of gravel. The settled coarse sludge is periodically sent to the sludge storage trench 2, while the supernatant liquid is caused to flow into the soil covering type radioactivity removal trench 4. The radioactive substance is concentrated without being scattered outside because the soil is covered even if it is deposited.

  The soil-covering type anaerobic filter bed 1 is constructed so that a rectangular hole is dug in the land, the inner surface is covered with a synthetic resin film 10 and the bottom is made of the bottom concrete 11 so that no water leaks between the filter bed and the land. . A rooster 12 is installed in the middle part of the filter bed. The soil-coated anaerobic filter bed 1 is provided with a partition plate 13 penetrating the rooster 12 at a predetermined position in the longitudinal direction, and a first tank 14 and a second tank with the partition plate 13 sandwiched between the lower plate 12 and the lower plate 12. 15 is provided. The rooster 12 is supported by the support member 25 constituting the tank wall.

  The rooster 12 has one side in the longitudinal direction of the filter bed (left side in FIG. 2), both sides sandwiching the central partition plate 13 so that the radiation contaminated water flows from the first tank 14 to the second tank 15 in the filter bed. There is an opening 16 on the other side of the filter bed in the longitudinal direction (the right side in FIG. 2), and an annular inflow portion 17, outflow portion 18, and first of the first tank 14 that is open to the atmosphere in alignment with the opening 16. An annular inflow portion 19 and outflow portion 20 of the two tanks 15 are provided. Each inflow portion and outflow portion are sealed with a lid 21 and are isolated from the atmosphere.

  The upper part of the rooster 12 between the inflow part and the outflow part of each tank is filled with gravel 22, the gravel 22 is covered with a net 23, and further covered with aerated soil 24. The upper end of the partition plate 13 is positioned at the water level (WL), and the supernatant liquid flows from the outflow part 18 of the first tank 14 into the inflow part 19 of the second tank 15. The supernatant liquid of the second tank 15 flows from the outflow portion 20 to the plurality of distribution baskets 5, and flows from the distribution basket 5 to the respective soil-covered radioactive removal trenches 4 through the pipes 6.

  The first tank 14 is provided with a sludge extraction pump 26 located at the outflow portion 18, and a pipe 9 is connected between the sludge extraction pump 26 and the soil storage trench 2. The sludge precipitated in the first tank 14 is periodically sent to the soil storage trench 2 by the sludge extraction pump 26. Although the inside of the tank is in an anaerobic state, since the soil is covered, no bad odor is generated.

  The soil-coated anaerobic filter bed 1 has a reinforced concrete structure in the case of a medium / large-sized apparatus with a drainage amount of 10 to 20 t / day or more, and has a synthetic resin film structure when the drainage condition is less than the above.

  The total volume water collecting device separates the rough matter from the contaminated water by the soil-coated anaerobic filter bed 1 and stores the precipitated sludge, and the contaminated water by the soil-coated anaerobic filter bed 1. A soil-type collection in which a plurality of soil-covered radioactivity removal trenches 4 for removing radioactive substances from the supernatant liquid from which coarse substances have been separated are individually enclosed and filtered with capillary water from each trench. The water tank 30 has a function of collecting the filtered water from the soil-type water collection tank 30 in the drainage part 35 and flowing it to the discharge pump tank 8 through the water collection tank 7.

  The soil trench adsorbs the radioactive substance to the soil and moves the sewage through the soil in the soil-type water collection tank 30 at a negative pressure by no power, that is, by a capillary siphon phenomenon.

  The soil trench purification capacity includes physical filtration, adsorption, and infiltration. The soil consists of a solid phase, a liquid phase, and a gas phase. The liquid (liquid phase) moves around the soil (solid phase) by the principle of capillary siphon. By infiltrating with capillary water, air (gas phase) also moves while coexisting.

  The water collecting device 3 for each trench digs a rectangular hole in the land, lays a water shielding sheet 31 made of a synthetic resin film over the whole hole, and installs a water collecting pipe 32 in the longitudinal direction at the center of the groove bottom. Gravel and zeolite 33 are arranged around the water pipe 32, the whole is covered with a net 34, a drainage part 35 is provided, and then the soil is backfilled, and a soil-type water collection tank 30 is provided so that there is no leakage between the apparatus and the land. It is constructed. In the soil-type water collection tank 30, capillary water infiltrated into the soil from the soil trench by the capillary siphon principle is slowly passed through the soil and the filtered water is collected in the drainage part 35 at the bottom of the groove, from which it is discharged naturally by a step or discharged Drain with a pump. In this embodiment, the discharge pump tank 8 is provided in consideration of application in a place where there is no step.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the soil covering type radioactivity removing trench 4 digs a groove 40 having a predetermined depth extending upward in the backfilled soil in the longitudinal direction of the center of the soil-type water collecting tank 30. An area of a predetermined height including the bottom is covered with a water-stop sheet 41, and a clay layer 42 is provided inside the water-stop sheet, leaving a little upper part of the water-stop sheet 41. The clay layer 42 of this embodiment is a clay plate formed by pouring a mixture of clay, zeolite powder and water with a concrete mixer into a mold (width 350 mm × length 300 mm × thickness 75 mm). Since there is cloth and paper under the clay board, it will not break or break during movement or construction. At the time of construction, the clay is dry, but when contaminated water comes in, the clay oozes and becomes familiar. Since the contaminated water enters the soil-covered radioactive removal trench, it is always wet, so the adsorbed contaminant does not leak to the outside and is always kept constant.

  On the clay layer 42, a capillary sand layer 43 having a predetermined height above the water blocking sheet 41 is provided. The capillary sand layer 43 has a curved surface. On the capillary sand layer 43, for example, a water pipe 44 such as a clay pipe is installed and filled with gravel 45. The gravel 45 is entirely covered with a net 46 so that the central portion is convex. The upper part of the gravel 45 is covered with aerated soil 47 to the ground level (GL). Further, the soil 48 is filled to a predetermined height, and the entire soil trench portion is formed slightly higher than the ground level (GL).

  As shown in FIG. 5, the sludge storage trench 2 digs a groove 401 having a predetermined depth in the backfilled soil in the longitudinal direction of the center of the soil-type water collection tank 30, and has a predetermined height including the groove bottom. The area is covered with a water-stop sheet 41, and a clay layer 42 made of the above-mentioned clay plate is provided inside the water-stop sheet, leaving a little upper part of the water-stop sheet 41. On the clay layer 42, a capillary sand layer 43 having a predetermined height above the water blocking sheet 41 is provided. On the capillary sand layer 43, a sludge box 50 having a lower surface opened and having a perforated side surface and an upper surface is installed, and a porous water spray tube 44 is installed in the sludge box. The sludge box 50 is covered with a net 46 and covered with aerated soil 47 to the ground level (GL). Further, the soil 48 is filled to a predetermined height, and the entire soil trench portion is formed slightly higher than the ground level (GL).

  A construction example of this system will be described. A soil-type water collecting tank 30 is formed by digging a groove-shaped hole having a width of 1.5 m, a length of 10 m, and a depth of 1.5 m on the land, laying a water-impervious sheet 31 in the hole, and providing a drainage portion 35 on the bottom. The drainage part 35 of the soil-type water collection tank 30 is piped to the discharge pump tank 8 in which the discharge pump is installed via the water collecting tank 7. Thereafter, the soil-type water collection tank 30 is backfilled with soil such as red soil. A groove 40 having an opening width of 0.4 m and a bottom width of 0.35 m and a depth of 0.75 m is formed in the central portion of the soil-type water collection tank 30. The soil trench lays a water stop sheet 41 from the groove bottom to a predetermined height, and forms a clay layer 42 having a height of 0.1 m in the water stop sheet. A capillary sand layer 43 is placed on top of the clay layer 42. In the soil storage trench 2, a sludge box 50 is installed on the capillary sand layer 43, a porous water sprinkling pipe 44 is provided therein, the sludge box 50 is covered with a net 46, backfilled with aerated soil 47, and the whole is Cover with soil 48. In the soil covering type radioactivity removing trench 4, a gravel 45 is laid on the capillary sand layer 43, and a sprinkler pipe 44 is installed, and further, the gravel 45 is put so that the whole sprinkler pipe 44 is covered. The gravel 45 is covered with a net 46, backfilled with aerated soil 47, and the whole is covered with soil 48.

The operation of this embodiment will be described.
The radiation-contaminated water treatment system precipitates coarse matters in the soil-covered anaerobic filter bed 1 and allows the supernatant liquid to flow through the sprinkler pipe 44 in the soil-covered radioactive removal trench 3, while the sedimented coarse sludge is periodically removed. To be sent to the soil storage trench 2 for storage. In the soil covering type radioactivity removing trench 3, the supernatant liquid leaks from the water spray pipe, oozes out and moves to the capillary sand layer 43, and adsorbs radioactive substances by the lower clay layer 42, and by the water-stop sheet 41 below the clay layer 42. Spilling out gradually while capillary flowing upward (capillary water), unsaturated upward with no power, slowly passing through the soil in the soil-type water collection tank 30 provided outside the soil trench, and draining part 35 To be collected. On the other hand, in the soil storage trench 2, the sludge is stored in the sludge box 50, and the water of the sludge is made to flow in an unsaturated manner by the same action as the soil covering type radioactivity removal trench 3 and collected in the drainage part 35. The filtered water collected in the drainage part 35 is drained by a natural discharge or a discharge pump.

  6 is a plan view showing the overall configuration of the radiation-contaminated water / contaminated air treatment system according to the second embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line EE of FIG. 6, and FIG. It is an expanded sectional view which shows F cross section.

The present embodiment is a combined treatment system having functions of a radiation contaminated water treatment system and a radiation contaminated air treatment system. Since the radiation-contaminated water treatment system is realized by the same configuration as that of the first embodiment, elements having the same functions as those of the configuration of the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted as appropriate. In this embodiment, the number of trenches is appropriately selected according to the amount of waste water, the treatment area of contaminated air, and the scale of the air volume.
The composite processing system will be described in detail below.

  In the soil-coated anaerobic filter bed 1, a polluted water flow pipe 60 and a polluted air feed pipe 61 are connected to the inflow portion 17 of the first tank 14. An air volume adjusting damper 70 and a suction device 71 including a vacuum cleaner and a blower are connected to the air supply pipe 61 near the processing facility. A suction pipe 72 such as a hose is connected to the suction device 71, and a suction nozzle (not shown) is attached to the tip of the suction pipe 72.

  The inflow part 17 of the first tank 14 is provided with a vent pipe 62 that is located above the water level (WL), penetrates the gravel 22, passes through the outflow part 18, and leads to the inflow part 19 of the second tank 15. In addition, a vent pipe 63 communicating with the inflow portion 19 and the outflow portion 20 of the second tank 15 is provided through the gravel 22. The outflow part 20 of the second tank 15 is connected to the main distribution bar 66 by a vent pipe 64 arranged at the upper part and a water pipe 65 arranged at the water level (WL).

  The main distribution rod 66 is connected to the secondary distribution rod 5 (5-1, 5-2, 5-3) of the soil-covered radioactive removal trench 4 into which the contaminated air main pipe 67 for distributing the contaminated air is grouped. A contaminated water pipe 6 for flowing contaminated water is connected to the sub-distribution cages 5-2 and 5-3 via the sub-distribution cage 5-1. Each sub-distribution basket 5 is connected to the water spray pipe 44 of each soil covering type radioactivity removal trench 4 by a branch pipe 69.

The operation of this embodiment will be described.
Contaminated water entered from the water flow pipe 60 precipitates coarse matters in the soil-covered anaerobic filter bed 1, and the supernatant liquid is radiated from each branch pipe 69 through the main distribution pipe 66, the contaminated water pipe 6 and the sub-distribution pipe 5. It flows into the water sprinkling pipe 44 in the performance removal trench 4, and on the other hand, the settled coarse sludge is periodically sent to the soil storage trench 2 for storage. The suction device 71 sucks radioactive contaminants and the like from the contaminated topsoil together with garbage and dust. The sucked contaminated air enters the soil-coated anaerobic filter bed 1 through the air supply pipe 61 while the air volume is adjusted by the air volume adjusting damper 70. Every time it passes through the inflow part 17 of the first tank 14, the inflow part 19 of the second tank 15, and the outflow part 20, the rough matter falls. The contaminated air flows to the main distribution basket 66 and the sub-distribution basket 5 without leaking to the outside. From each distribution basket, it flows to the water spray pipe 44 of the soil covering type radioactive removal trench 4 evenly, and the radioactive substance adheres to the lower clay layer and surrounding soil. In the present example, the treatment of the supernatant liquid in the soil covering type radioactivity removal trench 4 is the same as that in the first embodiment, and thus the description thereof is omitted.

If the processing conditions of the contaminated air in this apparatus are a soil thickness of 30 cm or more, a soil passage speed of 3 mm / second, and a soil contact time of 100 seconds or longer, the processing capacity of this apparatus can be 100 to 150 m ³ / day per 1 m ^{2 of} soil. is there. By the above, it is possible to remove radioactively contaminated air using soil.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Soil covering type anaerobic filter bed 2 Sludge storage trench 3 Water collecting device 4 Soil covering type radioactive removal trench 5 Sub distribution tank 6 Contaminated water pipe 7 Catchment tank 8 Discharge pump tank 14 1st tank 15 2nd tank 17 1st tank 18 Inflow section of the first tank 19 Outflow section of the second tank 20 Outflow section of the second tank 22 Gravel 26 Sludge extraction pump 30 Soil-type water collection tank 35 Drainage section 41 Water-stop sheet 42 Clay layer 43 Capillary sand layer 44 Scattering Water pipe 45 Gravel 46 Net 47 Aerated soil 48 Covered soil 50 Sludge box 60 Contaminated water flow pipe 61 Contaminated air air pipe 62-64 Aeration pipe 66 Main distribution pipe 67 Contaminated air main pipe

The present invention provides, as method for flowing polluted water containing radioactive material air (contaminated air) containing (radiation contaminated water), and radioactive materials in the soil trench, the using soil trench method radiation contaminated water and polluted air in the soil The present invention relates to a radiation-contaminated water and contaminated air treatment system that filters radioactive substances adsorbed on or attached to clay or soil when moving .

The object of the present invention is that the construction can be carried out in a short construction period, and the soil-covered trench structure is used to adsorb the radioactive substance from the radioactive contaminated water to the clay using the capillary siphon principle, and when the capillary water moves in the soil. filtering the radioactive contaminants contained in deposited allowed radiation contaminated water filtration treatment system and contaminated air into the soil to adhere to the soil when moving the contaminated air through the soil the soil-covered trench It is to provide a combined treatment system in which a radiation contaminated air treatment system is integrated.

Radiation Radiation contaminated water and contaminated air processing system of the present invention, the radiation contaminated water flowing through the inlet tube to separate the crude product and supernatant, together to promote decomposition of organic matter by anaerobic microorganisms, that is sent through the feed pipe A soil-coated anaerobic filter bed that allows contaminated air to pass through ;
And line Cormorant sludge storage trenches retention of sludge sent by installing sludge drawing pump to the soil-covered anaerobic filter bed,
A plurality of soil-covered radiations that have a water spray pipe for flowing the supernatant and radiation-contaminated air, and filter by adsorbing or adhering radioactive material to clay or soil when the supernatant and radiation-contaminated air move in the soil. Capability removal trench,
Wherein is a sludge storage trenches and a plurality of soil-coated radioactivity removed trench arranged to enclose individually, capillary water soil infiltrated into the soil by the principle of capillary siphon from the sludge storage trenches and a plurality of soil-coated radioactivity removed trench And a soil-type water collection tank that collects this filtered water in the drainage section ,
A pipe through which the supernatant liquid flows and a vent pipe through which the radiation-contaminated air is sent are provided between the soil-covered anaerobic filter beds, and a pipe between each of the plurality of soil-covered radioactivity removal trenches. Provided with a distribution tank that distributes the supernatant and radiation-contaminated air and flows them to the sprinkling pipe ,
The soil-covered anaerobic filter bed is constructed by digging a rectangular hole in the land, covering the inner surface with a synthetic resin film, building the bottom with bottom concrete, and preventing the leakage between the filter bed and the land. floor intermediate portion grate is installed in Rutotomoni, the lower portion of the grate is provided with a bath for storing the sludge to precipitate the crude product which is separated from the radiation contaminated water,
A partition plate that divides the tank at a predetermined position in the longitudinal direction is installed on the filter bed, the partition plate is positioned above the rooster and lower than the water level of the filter bed, and an upper portion of the rooster Is filled with gravel above the water level,
An inflow portion is provided on one side of the filter bed in the longitudinal direction so as to coincide with the opening of the rooster and opened to the atmosphere, and on the other side of the filter bed in the longitudinal direction of the filter to match the opening of the rooster. An outflow portion that is opened to the outside is provided, and the inflow portion and the outflow portion are sealed by a lid and are shielded from the atmosphere,
The inflow pipe of the radiation contaminated water is connected to the inflow section, and the air supply pipe of the radiation contaminated air is connected above the water level of the inflow section,
A structure in which a vent pipe that penetrates through the gravel filled in the upper part of the rooster and opens above the water level of the inflow part and the outflow part is provided, and the upper part of the gravel is covered with soil;
The soil-type water collection tank digs a rectangular hole in the land, lays a water shielding sheet made of a synthetic resin film over the whole hole, installs a water collection pipe in the longitudinal direction of the center of the groove bottom, and surrounds this water collection pipe A structure in which gravel and zeolite are arranged, the whole is covered with a net, the drainage part is provided, and then the soil is backfilled,
The sludge storage trench digs a groove of a predetermined depth in the backfilled soil in the longitudinal direction of the center of the soil-type water collection tank, and a water-proof sheet covers a predetermined height region including the groove bottom. cover, is installed the upper該止water seat and clay layer provided leaving a slight, a capillary sand provided at a predetermined height above than the water stop sheet over the clay layer, on top of said capillary sand A sludge box whose bottom surface is open and whose side and top surfaces are perforated, and a porous water sprinkling pipe installed in the sludge box and connected to the sludge extraction pump installed in the soil-coated anaerobic filter bed by piping. Equipped with a net on the sludge box and covered with ground soil to the ground level ,
The soil covering type radioactivity removal trench is formed by digging a groove having a predetermined depth extending upward in the backfilled soil in a longitudinal direction substantially at the center of the soil-type water collecting tank, and having a predetermined height including the groove bottom. A clay layer provided with a water-stop sheet, leaving a little upper part of the water-stop sheet, a capillary sand layer provided on the clay layer at a predetermined height above the water-stop sheet, and A water spray pipe installed in the longitudinal direction at a position away from the capillary sand layer and connected to the distribution basin by piping , the water spray pipe is filled with gravel, the entire gravel is covered with a net and covered with aerated soil Structure,
The upper part of the sludge storage trench, soil covering type radioactivity removal trench, soil type water collection tank is piled up, the whole is formed slightly higher than the ground level ,
The filtered water collected in the drainage section of the soil-type water collection tank is discharged naturally or by a pump .

According to the present invention, the following effects can be expected.
(1) it is possible to remove the radioactive substances contained in the contaminated contaminated water and polluted air radioactivity.
(2) Since processing is performed without power, energy is saved.
(3) Since all the soil is covered, there is no scattering of radioactive material.
(4) There is no contamination of groundwater because the total amount of radiation-contaminated water that flows in is a collection type.
(5) Construction cost is low.
(6) Maintenance is easy because no equipment is used.
(7) Maintenance costs are low because no chemicals are used.
(8) The service life is semipermanent and it is economical.
(9) It can treat contaminated water and air from a wide range of houses to large facilities.

FIG. 1 is a plan view showing the overall configuration of a radiation-contaminated water treatment system that is a main part of the present invention. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing a BB cross section of FIG. 2. FIG. 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing a CC cross section of FIG. FIG. 5 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing a DD cross section of FIG. 1. Figure 6 is a plan view showing the overall structure of a radiation contaminated water, contaminated air processing system is implementation form of the present invention. FIG. 7 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing the EE cross section of FIG. 6. FIG. 8 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing the FF cross section of FIG.

1 is a plan view showing the overall configuration of a radiation-contaminated water treatment system that is a main part of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken along the line BB in FIG. 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing a CC cross section of FIG. 2, and FIG. 5 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing a DD cross section of FIG.
The present embodiment is a system in which one sludge storage trench and 10 soil-covered radioactive removal trenches are arranged in parallel, and a water collecting device is arranged surrounding each trench individually. It is appropriately selected according to the scale of the amount of drainage. In the following description, “radiation-contaminated water” and “radiation-contaminated air” are simply referred to as “contaminated water” and “contaminated air”.

Soil-coated anaerobic filter bed 1, the contaminated water is separated into crude product and supernatant, to promote decomposition of organic matter by anaerobic microorganisms. Part of the contaminated water is taken up by the biofilm around the packed filter medium composed of gravel. The settled coarse sludge is periodically sent to the sludge storage trench 2, while the supernatant liquid is caused to flow into the soil covering type radioactivity removal trench 4. The radioactive substance is concentrated without being scattered outside because the soil is covered even if it is deposited.

The water collecting device 3 separates coarse matters from the contaminated water by the soil-coated anaerobic filter bed 1 and stores the precipitated sludge, and contaminated water by the soil-coated anaerobic filter bed 1. A plurality of soil-covered radioactive removal trenches 4 for removing radioactive substances from the supernatant liquid from which coarse substances have been separated, and a soil-type water collection tank 30 for individually separating capillary water from each trench through the soil. It has the function which collects the filtered water by the soil type water collection tank 30 in the drainage part 35, and flows it into the discharge pump tank 8 through the water collection tank 7.

The soil-type water collecting tank 30 digs a rectangular hole in the land, lays a water shielding sheet 31 made of a synthetic resin film over the whole hole, and installs a water collecting pipe 32 in the longitudinal direction at the center of the groove bottom. arranged gravel and zeolite 33 around the entirety of the provided drainage portion 35 covered with a net 34, followed by backfill soil, it is the construction stage so as not to leak water. In the soil-type water collection tank 30, capillary water infiltrated into the soil from the soil trench by the capillary siphon principle is slowly passed through the soil and the filtered water is collected in the drainage part 35 at the bottom of the groove, from which it is discharged naturally by a step or discharged Drain with a pump. In this embodiment, the discharge pump tank 8 is provided in consideration of application in a place where there is no step.

Figure 6 is a plan view showing the overall structure of a radiation contaminated water, contaminated air processing system is implementation of the invention, FIG 7 is E-E sectional view of FIG. 6, F-F section of FIG. 8 7 FIG.

The main distribution rod 66 is connected to the secondary distribution rod 5 (5-1, 5-2, 5-3) of the soil-covered radioactive removal trench 4 into which the contaminated air main pipe 67 for distributing the contaminated air is grouped. A contaminated water pipe 6 for flowing contaminated water is connected to the sub-distribution cages 5-2 and 5-3 via the sub-distribution cage 5-1. Each of the sub-distribution rods 5-1 , 5-2 , and 5-3 is connected to the water spray pipe 44 of the soil covering type radioactivity removal trench 4 by a branch pipe 69.

The operation of this embodiment will be described.
Contaminated water entered from the water flow pipe 60 precipitates coarse matters in the soil-covered anaerobic filter bed 1, and the supernatant liquid is radiated from each branch pipe 69 through the main distribution pipe 66, the contaminated water pipe 6 and the sub-distribution pipe 5. It flows into the water sprinkling pipe 44 in the performance removal trench 4, and on the other hand, the settled coarse sludge is periodically sent to the soil storage trench 2 for storage. Suction device 71 sucks the radioactive pollutants from contaminated topsoil with such a Gomiyachiri. The sucked contaminated air enters the soil-coated anaerobic filter bed 1 through the air supply pipe 61 while the air volume is adjusted by the air volume adjusting damper 70. Every time it passes through the inflow part 17 of the first tank 14, the inflow part 19 of the second tank 15, and the outflow part 20, the rough matter falls. The contaminated air flows to the main distribution basket 66 and the sub-distribution basket 5 without leaking to the outside. The radioactive material adheres to the soil when the contaminated air moves through the soil through the water spray pipes 44 of the soil covering type radioactivity removal trench 4 evenly from each distribution basket .

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Soil covering type anaerobic filter bed 2 Sludge storage trench 3 Water collecting device 4 Soil covering type radioactive removal trench 5 Distributing tank 6 Contaminated water pipe 7 Draining tank 8 Discharge pump tank 14 First tank 15 Second tank 17 First tank Inflow section 18 Outflow section of the first tank 19 Inflow section of the second tank 20 Outflow section of the second tank 22 Gravel 26 Sludge extraction pump 30 Soil-type water collection tank 35 Drainage section 41 Water stop sheet 42 Clay layer 43 Capillary sand layer 44 Water spray pipe 45 Gravel 46 Net 47 Aerated soil 48 Covered soil 50 Sludge box 60 Contaminated water flow pipe 61 Contaminated air air pipe 62-64 Aeration pipe 66 Main distribution rod 67 Contaminated air main pipe

The radiation-contaminated water and contaminated air treatment system of the present invention separates the radiation-contaminated water flowing in through the inflow pipe into a coarse substance and a supernatant liquid, promotes the decomposition of the organic matter by the anaerobic microorganisms, and sends out the radiation pollution sent through the air-feed pipe. A soil-coated anaerobic filter bed that allows air to pass through;
A sludge storage trench for storing sludge sent by a sludge extraction pump installed in the soil-coated anaerobic filter bed;
A plurality of soil-covered radiations that have a water spray pipe for flowing the supernatant and radiation-contaminated air, and filter by adsorbing or adhering radioactive material to clay or soil when the supernatant and radiation-contaminated air move in the soil. Capability removal trench,
Capillary water infiltrated into the soil by the principle of capillary siphon from the sludge storage trench and the plurality of soil covering type radioactivity removal trenches is arranged to surround the sludge storage trench and the plurality of soil covering type radioactivity removal trenches individually. And a soil-type water collection tank that collects this filtered water in the drainage section,
A pipe through which the supernatant liquid flows and a vent pipe through which the radiation-contaminated air is sent are provided between the soil-covered anaerobic filter beds, and a pipe between each of the plurality of soil-covered radioactivity removal trenches. Provided with a distribution tank that distributes the supernatant and radiation-contaminated air and flows them to the sprinkling pipe,
The soil-covered anaerobic filter bed is constructed by digging a rectangular hole in the land, covering the inner surface with a synthetic resin film, building the bottom with bottom concrete, and preventing the leakage between the filter bed and the land. A roster is installed in the middle part of the floor, and a tank for storing sludge in which coarse substances separated from the radiation-polluted water are precipitated is provided at the lower part of the rooster.
A partition plate that divides the tank at a predetermined position in the longitudinal direction is installed on the filter bed, the partition plate is positioned above the rooster and lower than the water level of the filter bed, and an upper portion of the rooster Is filled with gravel above the water level,
An inflow portion is provided on one side of the filter bed in the longitudinal direction so as to coincide with the opening of the rooster and opened to the atmosphere, and on the other side of the filter bed in the longitudinal direction of the filter to match the opening of the rooster. An outflow part that is opened to the outside is provided, the inflow part and the outflow part are sealed with a lid , and are shut off from the atmosphere,
The inflow pipe of the radiation contaminated water is connected to the inflow section, and the air supply pipe of the radiation contaminated air is connected above the water level of the inflow section,
A structure in which a vent pipe that penetrates through the gravel filled in the upper part of the rooster and opens above the water level of the inflow part and the outflow part is provided, and the upper part of the gravel is covered with soil;
The soil-type water collection tank digs a rectangular hole in the land, lays a water shielding sheet made of a synthetic resin film over the whole hole, installs a water collection pipe in the longitudinal direction of the center of the groove bottom, and surrounds this water collection pipe A structure in which gravel and zeolite are arranged, the whole is covered with a net, the drainage part is provided, and then the soil is backfilled,
The sludge storage trench digs a groove of a predetermined depth in the backfilled soil in the longitudinal direction of the center of the soil-type water collection tank, and a water-proof sheet covers a predetermined height region including the groove bottom. Covering, a clay layer provided with a little upper part of the water-stop sheet, a capillary sand layer provided at a predetermined height above the water-stop sheet on the clay layer, and installed on the capillary sand layer A sludge box whose bottom surface is open and whose side and top surfaces are perforated, and a porous water sprinkling pipe installed in the sludge box and connected to the sludge extraction pump installed in the soil-coated anaerobic filter bed by piping. Equipped with a net on the sludge box and covered with ground soil to the ground level,
The soil covering type radioactivity removal trench is formed by digging a groove having a predetermined depth extending upward in the backfilled soil in a longitudinal direction substantially at the center of the soil-type water collecting tank, and having a predetermined height including the groove bottom. A clay layer provided with a water-stop sheet, leaving a little upper part of the water-stop sheet, a capillary sand layer provided on the clay layer at a predetermined height above the water-stop sheet, and A water spray pipe installed in the longitudinal direction at a position away from the capillary sand layer and connected to the distribution basin by piping, the water spray pipe is filled with gravel, the entire gravel is covered with a net and covered with aerated soil Structure,
The upper part of the sludge storage trench, soil covering type radioactivity removal trench, soil type water collection tank is piled up, the whole is formed slightly higher than the ground level,
The filtered water collected in the drainage section of the soil-type water collection tank is discharged naturally or by a pump.

Claims (3)

Separating at least one radiation-contaminated water into a coarse substance and a supernatant, and storing a soil-coated anaerobic filter bed that promotes decomposition of organic substances by anaerobic microorganisms, and sludge precipitated on the soil-coated anaerobic filter bed; Two sludge storage trenches, a plurality of soil-covered radioactivity removal trenches for removing radioactive substances from the supernatant liquid flowing from the soil-covered anaerobic filter bed, A total amount water collecting device comprising a soil-type water collecting tank that filters capillary water infiltrated into the soil by the principle of capillary siphon,
The soil-covered anaerobic filter bed is constructed by digging a rectangular hole in the land, covering the inner surface with a synthetic resin film, building the bottom with bottom concrete, and preventing the leakage between the filter bed and the land. A rooster is installed in the middle of the floor, and a tank for storing sludge in which coarse substances separated from radiation-contaminated water are precipitated is provided at the lower portion of the rooster, and the upper portion of the rooster is filled with gravel, Coated structure,
The sludge storage trench digs a groove of a predetermined depth in the backfilled soil in the longitudinal direction of the center of the soil-type water collection tank, and a water-proof sheet covers a predetermined height region including the groove bottom. Covering, a clay layer provided with a little upper part of the water-stop sheet, a capillary sand layer provided on the clay layer at a predetermined height above the water-stop sheet, and installed on the capillary sand layer A sludge box with a water spray pipe and a structure covered with aerated soil,
The soil covering type radioactivity removal trench is formed by digging a groove having a predetermined depth extending upward in the backfilled soil in a longitudinal direction substantially at the center of the soil-type water collecting tank, and having a predetermined height including the groove bottom. A clay layer provided with a water-stop sheet, leaving a little upper part of the water-stop sheet, a capillary sand layer provided on the clay layer at a predetermined height above the water-stop sheet, and A water spray pipe installed on the capillary sand layer, the water spray pipe is filled with gravel, the entire gravel is covered with a net and covered with aerated soil,
The radiation-contaminated water treatment system, wherein the trench portion and the upper part of the soil-type water collection tank are piled up, and the whole is formed slightly higher than the ground level. Separating at least one radiation-contaminated water into a coarse substance and a supernatant, and storing a soil-coated anaerobic filter bed that promotes decomposition of organic substances by anaerobic microorganisms, and sludge precipitated on the soil-coated anaerobic filter bed; Two sludge storage trenches, a plurality of soil-covered radioactivity removal trenches for removing radioactive substances from the supernatant liquid flowing from the soil-covered anaerobic filter bed, A total amount water collecting device comprising a soil-type water collecting tank that filters capillary water infiltrated into the soil by the principle of capillary siphon,
The soil-covered anaerobic filter bed is constructed by digging a rectangular hole in the land, covering the inner surface with a synthetic resin film, building the bottom with bottom concrete, and preventing the leakage between the filter bed and the land. A rooster is installed in the middle of the floor, a tank for storing sludge in which coarse substances separated from radiation-contaminated water are stored is provided at the lower portion of the rooster, and the upper portion of the rooster is filled with gravel, At the inflow part of the radiation-contaminated water, an air supply pipe for the radiation-contaminated air is connected above the water level of the tank, and a vent pipe is inserted through the gravel filled in the upper part of the rooster at almost the same position as the air supply pipe. Provided and covered with soil,
The sludge storage trench digs a groove of a predetermined depth in the backfilled soil in the longitudinal direction of the center of the soil-type water collection tank, and a water-proof sheet covers a predetermined height region including the groove bottom. Covering, a clay layer provided with a little upper part of the water-stop sheet, a capillary sand layer provided on the clay layer at a predetermined height above the water-stop sheet, and installed on the capillary sand layer A sludge box with a water spray pipe and a structure covered with aerated soil,
The soil covering type radioactivity removal trench is formed by digging a groove having a predetermined depth extending upward in the backfilled soil in a longitudinal direction substantially at the center of the soil-type water collecting tank, and having a predetermined height including the groove bottom. A clay layer provided with a water-stop sheet, leaving a little upper part of the water-stop sheet, a capillary sand layer provided on the clay layer at a predetermined height above the water-stop sheet, and A water spray pipe installed on the capillary sand layer, the water spray pipe is filled with gravel, the entire gravel is covered with a net and covered with aerated soil,
Distributing between the soil-coated anaerobic filter bed and the soil-covered anaerobic filter floor to distribute the supernatant liquid of the soil-coated anaerobic filter bed to the contaminated water pipe, while distributing the contaminated air to the contaminated air main pipe With a spear,
The upper part of the trench part and the soil-type water collection tank is piled up, and the whole is formed slightly higher than the ground level,
2. The radiation-contaminated water / contaminated air treatment system according to claim 1, wherein contaminated air contaminated with a radioactive substance is placed in the apparatus and the contaminant is contained in a soil trench.   3. The system according to claim 1, wherein the clay layer is a clay plate formed by pouring a mixture of clay, zeolite powder and water with a concrete mixer into a mold.

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