JP2013019590A - Packaged type outdoor unit - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an outdoor unit capable of heating a room, while having a cooling tower.SOLUTION: A packaged type outdoor unit 2 includes: a coolant circuit element, which has an air heat exchanger 13 and a compressor and supplies a coolant to an external indoor heat exchanger; a cooling water circuit, which cools the coolant with a cooling tower 50; a fan, which generates an air current that flows through the air heat exchanger 13 and the cooling tower 50; and a case, which houses the coolant circuit element and the cooling water circuit. The coolant circuit element includes a four-way valve which switches a flowing direction of the coolant, and a water heat exchanger which is disposed at a liquid coolant connection side of the air heat exchanger 13 and performs heat exchange between cooling water and the coolant. An air inlet I24 of the cooling tower 50 and an intake face I13 of the air heat exchanger 13 are opened independently to outside air.

Description

  The present invention relates to a packaged outdoor unit.

  Patent documents 1 and 2 are disclosing the cooling device which cools a refrigerant using a cooling tower.

  The cooling device disclosed in Patent Document 1 has a cooling water circuit (3, 4, 5, and 6) that cools the refrigerant by a cooling tower and an intermediate refrigerant circuit (8, 9, 10, and 11) that constitutes a heat pump. Then, the fluid to be cooled is circulated with the external device (25). The cooling water circuit cools the fluid to be cooled that passes through the filler (cooling coil 4), and the intermediate refrigerant circuit dissipates heat in the condenser (heat radiating unit 11), and the fluid to be cooled in the cooler 10 as an evaporator. Cooling. That is, the fluid to be cooled is cooled by both the cooling water circuit and the intermediate refrigerant circuit.

  The cooling device disclosed in Patent Document 2 includes a cooling water circuit (12, 16, 25, 26, 27, and 201) that cools the refrigerant by the cooling tower (10), and an intermediate refrigerant circuit (21, 22, 23, 24, and 200), and circulates a fluid to be cooled with an external device. The cooling water circuit cools the refrigerant flowing through the headers 13 to 14 by the filler (cooling unit 15), and cools the intermediate refrigerant in the intermediate refrigerant circuit in the condenser 22. The intermediate refrigerant circuit cools the refrigerant in the evaporator 24. That is, the fluid to be cooled is cooled by both the cooling water circuit and the refrigerant circuit.

JP-A-5-126418 JP 2003-314941 A

  The cooling devices disclosed in Patent Documents 1 and 2 are cooling devices, not air conditioners. In addition, these cooling devices only cool the fluid to be cooled and cannot heat the fluid to be cooled. For this reason, even if an air conditioner is configured using these cooling devices as outdoor units, an air conditioner that enables both cooling and heating cannot be realized.

  Therefore, the present invention provides an outdoor unit that can be heated while having a cooling tower.

  A packaged outdoor unit according to the present invention includes a refrigerant circuit element having an air heat exchanger and a compressor and connected to an external indoor heat exchanger, a cooling water circuit for cooling the refrigerant by a cooling tower, and air heat exchange. A fan for generating an air flow flowing through the cooling tower and the cooling tower, and a case for housing the refrigerant circuit element and the cooling water circuit, the refrigerant circuit element, a switching mechanism for switching a flow direction of the refrigerant sent out by the compressor, A water heat exchanger that is disposed on the liquid refrigerant connection side of the air heat exchanger and exchanges heat between the cooling water and the refrigerant, and the intake port of the cooling tower and the intake surface of the air heat exchanger are independent of each other. Open to the open air.

  The switching mechanism is not limited as long as it is a mechanism that switches the flow direction of the refrigerant. The four-way valve is an example of a switching mechanism. The switching mechanism may be a valve group including a plurality of on-off valves instead of a single valve.

  Since the packaged outdoor unit according to the present invention has a switching mechanism, cooling and heating are possible. Further, in cooling, the cooling capacity can be improved by supercooling the liquid refrigerant from the air heat exchanger with the heat of evaporation caused by water spray.

  The case is divided into an upper case and a lower case. The upper case contains a cooling tower, an air heat exchanger, and a fan, and the lower case contains a compressor and a switching mechanism.

  The upper case functions as a cooling tower that generates water and air flow, and the lower case functions as a maintenance room that houses equipment that requires maintenance. Since the cooling tower and the maintenance room are separated, maintenance of the outdoor unit is easy.

  The refrigerant circuit element includes a reservoir capable of storing the refrigerant between the air heat exchanger and the water heat exchanger, and the lower case houses the water heat exchanger and the reservoir.

  Since devices requiring maintenance are concentrated in the lower case, there is no need to provide a maintenance inspection port in the upper case.

  The upper case may house a water heat exchanger.

  In this case, the freedom degree of arrangement | positioning of a water heat exchanger improves.

  The water heat exchanger includes a water tank that stores cooling water and a refrigerant pipe that is disposed in the water tank.

  For this reason, parts related to water supply and drainage between the cooling water and the water heat exchanger can be omitted.

  The water heat exchanger is a plate heat exchanger.

  For this reason, a water heat exchanger can be arrange | positioned irrespective of a water tank.

  The fan is arranged at the top of the upper case, the air intake surface of the air heat exchanger is provided in at least one of the four directions of front, rear, left and right of the upper case. Of the directions, the air heat exchanger opens in a direction different from the intake surface of the air heat exchanger.

It is a schematic block diagram of the air conditioning machine which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a sectional side view of the outdoor unit concerning a 1st embodiment. It is a front sectional view of the outdoor unit according to the first embodiment. It is a plane sectional view of the outdoor unit concerning a 1st embodiment. It is a sectional side view of the outdoor unit concerning a 2nd embodiment. It is a front sectional view of an outdoor unit according to the second embodiment. It is a sectional side view of the outdoor unit which concerns on 3rd Embodiment. It is a front sectional view of an outdoor unit according to a third embodiment. It is a sectional side view of the outdoor unit which concerns on 4th Embodiment. It is a sectional side view of the outdoor unit which concerns on 4th Embodiment.

  A packaged outdoor unit 2 according to the first embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4.

  FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of an air conditioner 1. The air conditioner 1 includes a packaged outdoor unit 2 and an indoor heat exchanger 3. The outdoor unit 2 includes a case 4, a refrigerant circuit element 5, a cooling water circuit 6, and three fans 17. Only one fan 17 is shown in FIG. 1, and three fans are shown in FIGS. The case 4 houses the refrigerant circuit element 5 and the cooling water circuit 6. Case 4 is divided into an upper case 7 and a lower case 8.

  The refrigerant circuit element 5 constitutes a refrigerant circuit 10 together with the external indoor heat exchanger 3 and the indoor expansion valve 9. For example, the outdoor unit 2 is disposed on the roof of a building, and the indoor heat exchanger 3 is disposed in each room in the building. The refrigerant circuit element 5 includes a compressor 11, a four-way valve 12, two air heat exchangers 13, an outdoor expansion valve 14, a reservoir 15, and a water heat exchanger 16.

  The indoor heat exchanger 3 performs heat exchange between air and the refrigerant. The indoor expansion valve 9 can change its opening degree. The compressor 11 sends the refrigerant to the four-way valve 12. The four-way valve 12 switches the flow direction of the refrigerant. The air heat exchanger 13 performs heat exchange between air and the refrigerant. The degree of opening of the outdoor expansion valve 14 can be changed. The reservoir 15 is located between the air heat exchanger 13 and the water heat exchanger 16 and can store the refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant circuit 10. The water heat exchanger 16 performs heat exchange between the cooling water of the cooling water circuit 6 and the refrigerant.

  The refrigerant circuit 10 includes gas refrigerant paths 18, 19a, and 19b through which a refrigerant in a gas state flows, and liquid refrigerant paths 20a and 20b through which a liquid refrigerant flows. These refrigerant paths are constituted by piping. In the refrigerant circuit 10, these pipes connect the above-described device groups 3, 9, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, and 16. The gas refrigerant path 18 is a path between the compressor 11 and the air heat exchanger 13. The gas refrigerant paths 19 a and 19 b are paths between the compressor 11 and the indoor heat exchanger 3. In particular, the gas refrigerant path 19 a indicates a path in the outdoor unit 2, and the gas refrigerant path 19 b indicates a path between the outdoor unit 2 and the indoor heat exchanger 3. The liquid refrigerant paths 20 a and 20 b are paths between the air heat exchanger 13 and the indoor heat exchanger 3. In particular, the liquid refrigerant path 20 a indicates a path in the outdoor unit 2, and the liquid refrigerant path 20 b indicates a path between the outdoor unit 2 and the indoor heat exchanger 3. The water heat exchanger 16 is located between the air heat exchanger 13 and the indoor heat exchanger 3, that is, on the liquid refrigerant connection side of the air heat exchanger 13.

  The cooling water circuit 6 cools the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit element 5 with cooling water. The cooling water circuit 6 includes a cooling water pump 21, a filler 22, a sprinkler 23, a filler duct 24, and a water tank 25. The filler 22, the sprinkler 23 and the filler duct 24 constitute a cooling tower 50. In the cooling water circuit 6, the water tank 25, the cooling water pump 21, and the sprinkler 23 are connected by piping.

  The cooling water pump 21 sends cooling water to the sprinkler 23. The filler 22 is a member that increases the contact area between water and air by making fine water droplets from the sprinkler 23. The water sprinkler 23 sprinkles cooling water on the filler 22 from above. The filler duct 24 surrounds the filler 22, forms an air flow path that passes through the filler 22, and blocks air that has passed through the air heat exchanger 13. The water tank 25 stores water falling from the filler 22.

  In the cooling water circuit 6, the cooling water is circulated and cooled as follows. The cooling water sequentially passes through the cooling water pump 21, the sprinkler 23, the filler 22, and the water tank 25. A part of the sprayed cooling water evaporates when passing through the filler 22. Since the heat of evaporation is deprived, the temperature of the cooling water passing through the filler 22 decreases. The cooling water whose temperature has dropped falls into the water tank 25. In this way, the cooling water is cooled.

  The fan 17 generates an air flow that passes through the filler duct 24. This air flow promotes the evaporation of the cooling water, so that the cooling performance by the cooling tower 50 is maintained.

  The water heat exchanger 16 is composed of a water tank 25 and a refrigerant pipe 27 arranged in the water tank 25. For this reason, heat exchange is performed between the cooling water in the water tank 25 and the refrigerant in the refrigerant pipe 27.

  The air conditioner 1 can execute a cooling operation for cooling the room where the indoor heat exchanger 3 is installed or a heating operation for heating the room. Here, the four-way valve 12 can select either the heating position or the cooling position as the switching position. In the cooling operation, the four-way valve 12 is in the cooling position, and the compressor 11, the fan 17, and the cooling water pump 21 are driven. On the other hand, in the heating operation, the four-way valve 12 is in the heating position, the compressor 11 and the fan 17 are driven, and the cooling water pump 21 is stopped.

  The fan 17 generates an air flow that passes through the air heat exchanger 13. Since this air flow promotes heat exchange with the refrigerant in the air heat exchanger 13, the heat exchange performance by the air heat exchanger 13 is maintained.

  In the refrigerant circuit 10, the refrigerant circulates as follows and is cooled or heated. In FIG. 1, the four-way valve 12 is in the cooling position. When the four-way valve 12 is in the cooling position, the refrigerant is the compressor 11, the four-way valve 12, the air heat exchanger 13, the outdoor expansion valve 14, the reservoir 15, the water heat exchanger 16, the indoor expansion valve 9, and the indoor heat exchange. The compressor 3 and the four-way valve 14 are sequentially passed back to the compressor 11. At this time, the air heat exchanger 13 and the water heat exchanger 16 function as a condenser, and the indoor heat exchanger 3 functions as an evaporator. On the other hand, when the four-way valve 12 is in the heating position, the refrigerant is the compressor 11, the four-way valve 12, the indoor heat exchanger 3, the indoor expansion valve 9, the water heat exchanger 16, the reservoir 15, the outdoor expansion valve 14, and the air. It passes through the heat exchanger 13 and the four-way valve 12 in order, and returns to the compressor 11. At this time, the air heat exchanger 13 functions as an evaporator, and the indoor heat exchanger 3 functions as a condenser.

  The detailed configuration and layout of the outdoor unit 2 will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 2 is a side sectional view of the outdoor unit 2. FIG. 3 is a front sectional view of the outdoor unit 2. FIG. 4 is a plan sectional view of the outdoor unit 2.

  In FIG. 2, the cooling water circuit 6 includes a water receiving pan 26 and a communication pipe 37 between the filler 22 and the water tank 25. The water receiving pan 26 receives water falling from the filler 22. The communication pipe 37 communicates the water receiving pan 26 with the water tank 25.

  The cooling water circuit 6 includes a water supply pipe 28, a water supply valve 29, a drain pipe 30, a first branch pipe 31, a second branch pipe 32, a drain valve 33, and a ball tap 34. The water supply pipe 28 replenishes the cooling water circuit 6 with water supplied from an external water source. Specifically, the water supply pipe 28 supplies water to the water tank 25. The water supply valve 29 opens and closes the water supply pipe 28. The drain pipe 30 discharges the cooling water from the cooling water circuit 6. The first branch pipe 31 discharges cooling water exceeding a predetermined amount of stored water from the water tank 25. The second branch pipe 32 discharges all the cooling water in the water tank 25. The drain valve 33 opens and closes the drain pipe 30. The drain pipe 30 is connected to the cooling water pump 21, the second branch pipe 32, and the first branch pipe 31 in this order along the drain direction. The drain valve 33 is disposed between the connection point of the second branch pipe 32 and the connection point of the first branch pipe 31 in the drain pipe 30. For this reason, when the drain valve 33 is closed, only the cooling water overflowing from the water tank 25 is drained. The ball tap 34 opens the water supply valve 28 when the water level in the water tank 25 is lower than a predetermined reference water level, and closes the water supply valve 28 when the water level is higher than the reference water level. For this reason, the amount of water in the water tank 25 is maintained at a constant amount.

  In FIG. 2, the upper case 7 houses a cooling tower 50 (filler 22, sprinkler 23, filler duct 24), two air heat exchangers 13, three fans 17, and a water receiving pan 26. The three fans 17 are located at the top of the upper case 7. On the other hand, the lower case 8 houses the water heat exchanger 16 including the water tank 25, the water supply pipe 28, the water supply valve 29, the drain pipe 30, the first branch pipe 31, the second branch pipe 32, the drain valve 33, and the ball tap 34. doing.

  The air heat exchanger 13 includes a large number of fins and a refrigerant pipe that passes through these fins. The air heat exchanger 13 is arranged on the front side and the rear side of the upper case 7 with the fins aligned in the left-right direction of the outdoor unit 2. Thus, the intake surface I13 of the air heat exchanger 13 is disposed on the front surface and the rear surface of the upper case 7, and the exhaust surface E13 is disposed inside the upper case 7.

  In FIG. 3, the filler duct 24 includes a first duct 35, a water receiving pan 26, and a second duct 36. The first duct 35 extends in the vertical direction of the outdoor unit 2, stores the filler 22, and is open only on the connection surface and the upper surface with the water receiving pan 26. The second duct 36 extends in the right direction of the outdoor unit 2. The water receiving pan 26 not only receives cooling water but also functions as an air duct. The water receiving pan 26 communicates the first duct 35 with the second duct 36. Further, the water receiving pan 26 is open only at the connection surface with the first duct 35 and the second duct 36. The intake port I24 of the filler duct 24 is formed at the right end of the upper case 7 at the right end of the second duct 36, and the exhaust port E24 of the filler duct 24 is formed at the upper end of the first duct 35. Yes. The intake port I24 and the exhaust port I24 of the filler duct 24 constitute an intake port and an exhaust port of the cooling tower 50.

  In FIG. 3, the lower case 8 includes a compressor 11, a cooling water pump 21, a water heat exchanger 16, a refrigerant unit 38, an engine 39, an engine oil pan 40, an engine sub tank 41, an engine intake device 42, and an engine cooling water unit. 43 is stored. The refrigerant unit 38 accommodates a part of the components constituting the refrigerant circuit element 5, for example, the four-way valve 12 and the reservoir 15. The engine 39 provides power for driving the compressor 11. The engine 39 is, for example, a gas engine, and fuel is supplied to the engine 39 via a gas pipe. The engine oil pan 40 receives oil that lubricates the engine 39. The engine sub tank 41 stores engine oil. The engine intake device 42 supplies outside air to the engine 39. The engine coolant unit 43 accommodates a part of the components that constitute the engine coolant circuit, and the engine coolant circuit cools the engine 39.

  As shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, a constant separation distance is secured between the fan 17 and the filler duct 24, and the suction pressure generated by the three fans 17 generates two air heat exchangers 13. And to each of the filler ducts 24. The height of the discharge port E24 of the filler duct 24 is set so that the static pressure applied to the filler duct 24 is secured to a certain level or more.

  In FIG. 4, the case 4, the upper case 7, and the lower case 8 have a rectangular shape that is long in the left-right direction and short in the front-rear direction. One air heat exchanger 13 is disposed on the front surface side of the upper case 7, and the other air heat exchanger 13 is disposed on the rear surface side of the upper case 7. The filler duct 24 is disposed between the two air heat exchangers 13. The intake surfaces I13 of the two air heat exchangers 13 are disposed on the front surface and the rear surface of the upper case 7. On the other hand, the air inlet I24 of the filler duct 24 is open on the right side surface of the upper case 7. In this way, the intake port I24 of the filler duct 24 and the intake surface I13 of the air heat exchanger 13 are independently opened to the outside air. Instead of separating the installation surface of the intake surface I13 and the intake port I24 of the air heat exchanger 11, the installation surface of the intake surface I13 and the intake port I24 may be provided on the same surface. In this case, a space where the air heat exchanger 13 is not provided in a part of the front side or the rear side of the outdoor unit 2 is secured, and the air inlet I24 of the filler duct 24 is arranged in the space.

  As a result, the operation of the fan 17 causes outside air to be sucked from the intake surface I13 of the air heat exchanger 13 and the intake port I24 of the filler duct 24, and individual air flows through the filler duct 24 and the air heat exchanger 13. Flowing. Therefore, the evaporation in the cooling tower 50 and the heat exchange in the air heat exchange 13 are promoted by the respective air flows.

  With reference to FIG. 5, FIG. 6, the package type outdoor unit 2 which concerns on 2nd Embodiment is demonstrated. FIG. 5 is a side sectional view of the outdoor unit 2 according to the second embodiment. FIG. 6 is a front sectional view of the outdoor unit 2 according to the second embodiment.

  Hereinafter, differences between the first embodiment and the second embodiment will be described. The outdoor unit 2 according to the second embodiment includes a plate heat exchanger 44 instead of the water heat exchanger 16 using the water tank 25. The plate heat exchanger 44 includes a flow path for flowing the refrigerant of the refrigerant circuit 10 and a flow path for flowing the cooling water of the cooling water circuit 6, and can exchange heat between the refrigerant and the cooling water. The plate heat exchanger 44 is disposed in the lower case 8.

  With reference to FIG. 7, FIG. 8, the package type outdoor unit 2 which concerns on 3rd Embodiment is demonstrated. FIG. 7 is a side sectional view of the outdoor unit 2 according to the third embodiment. FIG. 8 is a front sectional view of the outdoor unit 2 according to the third embodiment.

  Hereinafter, differences between the first embodiment and the third embodiment will be described. The outdoor unit 2 according to the third embodiment includes a water heat exchanger 45 disposed in the upper case 7 instead of the water heat exchanger 16 disposed in the lower case 8. The water heat exchanger 45 includes a water tank 25 and a refrigerant pipe 27 arranged in the water tank 25. In the third embodiment, the water tank 25 is disposed in the upper case 7 and also functions as the water receiving pan 26. As a result, the water receiving pan 26 and the communication pipe 37 are removed. Further, the reservoir 15 arranged in the refrigerant unit 38 is also removed.

  With reference to FIG. 9, FIG. 10, the package type outdoor unit 2 which concerns on 4th Embodiment is demonstrated. FIG. 9 is a side sectional view of the outdoor unit 2 according to the fourth embodiment. FIG. 10 is a front sectional view of the outdoor unit 2 according to the fourth embodiment.

  Hereinafter, differences between the third embodiment and the fourth embodiment will be described. The outdoor unit 2 according to the fourth embodiment includes a plate heat exchanger 44 instead of the water heat exchanger 45 using the water tank 25.

2 Outdoor unit 3 Indoor heat exchanger 4 Case 5 Refrigerant circuit element 6 Cooling water circuit 7 Upper case 8 Lower case 11 Compressor 12 Four-way valve (switching mechanism)
13 Air Heat Exchanger 15 Reservoir 16, 45 Water Heat Exchanger 17 Fan 21 Cooling Water Pump 22 Filler 23 Sprinkler 24 Filler Duct 25 Water Tank 27 Refrigerant Pipe 44 Plate Heat Exchanger I13 Intake surface I24 Inlet (of filler duct)

Claims (7)

A refrigerant circuit element having an air heat exchanger and a compressor and connected to an external indoor heat exchanger;
A cooling water circuit for cooling the refrigerant by a cooling tower;
A fan that generates an air flow through the air heat exchanger and the cooling tower;
A case for housing the refrigerant circuit element and the cooling water circuit,
The refrigerant circuit element includes a switching mechanism that switches a flow direction of the refrigerant sent out by the compressor, and a water heat exchanger that is disposed on the liquid refrigerant connection side of the air heat exchanger and exchanges heat between the cooling water and the refrigerant. With
A packaged outdoor unit in which the intake port of the cooling tower and the intake surface of the air heat exchanger are open to the outside air independently. The case is divided into an upper case and a lower case.
The upper case houses the cooling tower, air heat exchanger, and fan,
The package-type outdoor unit according to claim 1, wherein the lower case houses a compressor and a switching mechanism. The refrigerant circuit element includes a reservoir that can store the refrigerant between the air heat exchanger and the water heat exchanger.
The package-type outdoor unit according to claim 2, wherein the lower case houses a water heat exchanger and a reservoir.   The packaged outdoor unit according to claim 2, wherein the upper case houses a water heat exchanger.   The packaged outdoor unit according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the water heat exchanger is configured by a water tank for storing cooling water and a refrigerant pipe disposed in the water tank.   The packaged outdoor unit according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the water heat exchanger is a plate heat exchanger. The fan is located at the top of the upper case,
The air intake surface of the air heat exchanger is open in at least one of the four directions of front, rear, left and right of the upper case,
The packaged outdoor unit according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein an intake port of the cooling tower opens in a direction different from an intake surface of the air heat exchanger among the four directions.

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