JP2013013267A - Ac commutator electric motor, motor-driven air blower and electric cleaner employing ac commutator electric motor - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an AC commutator electric motor which reduces a pulsation torque and stabilizes rectification.SOLUTION: A rotor 15 includes a stator 7 and a commutator 12. The stator 7 includes a stator iron core 5 having a yoke part 53, a magnetic pole part 54 and a field magnetic winding wire 6 wound around the magnetic pole part 54. Armature wiring 14 is applied into a lamp-shaped slot formed in an armature iron core 11 and connected with the commutator 12. A double-pole AC commutator electric motor exchanges power with the armature winding wire 14 via the commutator 12 and a brush. The number of armature slots is set to 11 (odd number) and the number of commutator pieces is set to 22 (U=2) that is double the number of armature slots.

Description

  The present invention relates to an AC commutator motor, and more particularly to an armature structure of an AC commutator motor used in a vacuum cleaner.

  An AC commutator motor (universal motor) used as a driving source of an electric vacuum cleaner has an annular stator, an armature disposed between magnetic poles of the stator, and an armature winding of the armature. It is mainly composed of commutators and brushes that exchange power. This type of AC commutator motor is always required to be small, light, long brush life and low vibration. Speeding up the motor is effective in achieving a reduction in size and weight, but if the pulsation torque is large, the rectification performance deteriorates (spark generation from the brush increases) and the brush life is shortened.

  Conventionally, as a method of reducing pulsation torque, a method of making the angle of the pole piece asymmetrical (Patent Document 1) and a method of providing a plurality of slits in the magnetic pole part (Patent Document 2) have been proposed.

JP-A-7-298592 JP-A-6-6943

  In the above-mentioned prior art, except for the mechanical contact state of the brush, the spark generation from the brush depends on the rectified electromotive force related to the magnetic flux flowing from the magnetic pole part or pole piece to the armature side, and individually reduces the pulsating torque. In such a case, the rectification state of the brush may be deteriorated.

  An object of the present invention is to provide an AC commutator motor in which the pole pieces are symmetrical and the commutation improvement can be achieved by reducing the pulsating torque and equalizing the commutation damper effect.

  In order to solve the above object, the present invention is formed in a stator core having a yoke portion and a magnetic pole portion, a stator including a field winding wound around the magnetic pole portion, and an armature core. A rotor including an armature winding in the formed slot, and a commutator to which the armature winding is connected, and power is transferred to the armature winding via the commutator and a brush. In a two-pole AC commutator motor, the number of armature slots is an odd number, the number of commutator segments is twice the number of armature slots (U = 2), and δ = Ns / P−y = 0.5 (δ: end Moderation, Ns: number of armature slots, P: number of pole pairs, y: armature winding pitch).

  Alternatively, in order to solve the above object, the present invention is formed on a stator core having a yoke portion and a magnetic pole portion, a stator including a field winding wound around the magnetic pole portion, and an armature core. A rotor including an armature winding in an egg-shaped slot and including a commutator to which the armature winding is connected, and two poles for transferring power to the armature winding via a commutator and a brush In the AC commutator motor, the number of slots of the armature is 11 (odd number), and the commutator piece to which the armature winding is connected is 22 (U = 2), which is twice the number of slots of the armature. Features.

  Furthermore, the AC commutator motor of the present invention is applied to an electric blower that is a driving source of a cleaner.

  According to the embodiment of the present invention, the stator core having the yoke portion and the magnetic pole portion, the stator including the field winding wound around the magnetic pole portion, and the formed slot formed in the armature core. In a two-pole AC commutator motor that applies an armature winding and includes a commutator to which the armature winding is connected, and a power transmission / reception to the armature winding via a commutator and a brush, The number of armature slots was 11 (odd number), and the number of commutator pieces to which the armature windings were connected was 22 (U = 2), twice the number of armature slots. As a result, an AC commutator motor that reduces pulsation torque and stabilizes the life of the carbon brush can be provided.

The block diagram of the stator core and armature core by this invention is shown. The block diagram of the stator core and armature core by this invention at the time of 0.5 slot rotation from (a) is shown. The structural diagram of the conventional stator core and armature core is shown. The block diagram of the conventional stator core and armature core at the time of rotating 0.5 slot from (a) is shown. The figure which shows the structure of the electric blower using the alternating current commutator motor of this invention. The winding diagram of the AC commutator motor of the present invention is shown. The winding figure in the state which the armature rotated 1 segment from (a) is shown. The winding diagram in a state where the armature rotates one segment from (b) is shown. The winding diagram of the conventional AC commutator motor is shown. The winding figure in the state which the armature rotated 1 segment from (a) is shown. The winding diagram in a state where the armature rotates one segment from (b) is shown. It is a perspective view which shows the external appearance of a vacuum cleaner. It is a perspective view which shows the cleaner body of an electric vacuum cleaner.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

  Examples of the present invention are shown below.

  FIG. 1 shows a configuration diagram of a stator core and an armature core according to the present invention.

  FIG. 2 shows a configuration diagram of a conventional stator core and armature core.

  FIG. 3 shows the structure of an electric blower using the AC commutator motor of the present invention.

  A description will be given with reference to FIGS. In each figure, the common code | symbol shows the same thing.

  The electric blower 1 includes an electric motor (AC commutator motor) 2 and a blower 3. The electric motor 2 includes a stator 7 in which a field winding 6 is wound around a stator core 5 fixed on the inner peripheral side of a housing 4, a bearing 8 a provided in the housing 4, and a bearing provided in an end bracket 9. The armature core 11 and the commutator 12 are fixed to the shaft 10 and the shaft 10 held by the arm 8 b, and the armature winding 14 wound in the armature slot 13 of the armature core 11 is connected to the commutator 12. A carbon brush 16 that is electrically connected to the commutator 12, and a brush holder 17 that holds the carbon brush 16 and fixes it to the housing 4. The blower 3 is integrally formed with a centrifugal fan 19 fixed to one end of the shaft 10 by a nut 18, a diffuser 20 that reduces the speed of the air flow from the centrifugal fan 19 and recovers pressure, and a diffuser 20 that guides the air flow into the electric motor 2. It is constituted by a fan casing 22 that covers the molded return guide 21, the centrifugal fan 19 and the diffuser 20.

  The commutator 12 has commutator pieces 12 a on its circumferential surface, and each commutator piece 12 a is connected to the armature winding 14 in the rotor 15. The carbon brush 16 is pressed against the commutator 12 by the helical spring 23 and is in sliding contact with the commutator 12. Reference numeral 24 denotes a lead wire for connecting the carbon brush 16 to the external electrode, and is connected to a terminal (not shown) provided on the brush holder 17.

  In the electric blower 1, the rotor 15 rotates, and the centrifugal fan 19 fixed coaxially with the rotor 15 also rotates. When the centrifugal fan 19 rotates, air flows from the air intake port 25 of the fan casing 22, flows into the electric motor 2 through the centrifugal fan 19, the diffuser 20, and the return guide 21, and is discharged from the electric motor 2 while cooling the electric motor 2. The

  The present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 (a) and 1 (b).

  The magnetic pole piece 50a and the magnetic pole piece 50c at the time of FIG. 1A are positioned substantially at the center of the teeth 51a and 51c of the armature core 11, and the magnetic pole pieces 50b and 50d are the armature slot 13b and the armature core 11 respectively. It is located substantially at the center of the armature slot 13d.

  Further, when the armature core 11 is rotated by 0.5 slot, the magnetic pole piece 50a and the magnetic pole piece 50c are substantially the same as the armature slot 13a and the armature slot 13c of the armature core 11 as shown in FIG. The magnetic pole piece 50b and the magnetic pole piece 50d are located at the center of the tooth 51b and the tooth 51d of the armature core 11.

  In this way, by adopting a structure that repeatedly faces asymmetrically left and right, the permeance fluctuation range can be reduced, the axial torque pulsation of the slot pitch can be reduced when the armature core 11 rotates, and the mechanical vibration is reduced. Thus, the rectification performance of the electric motor 2 can be improved, and the life of the AC commutator electric motor can be improved.

  FIG. 2 shows a conventional configuration diagram. The magnetic pole piece 50a and the magnetic pole piece 50c at the time of FIG. 2 (a) are located at approximately the center of the teeth 51a and 51c of the armature core 11, and the magnetic pole pieces 50b and 50d are similarly the teeth 51b and 50b of the armature core 11. It is located at the center of 51d. When the armature core 11 is rotated by 0.5 slot, the pole piece 50a and the pole piece 50c are substantially the same as the armature slot 13a and the armature slot 13c of the armature core 11 as shown in FIG. The magnetic pole piece 50b and the magnetic pole piece 50d are located at the center of the armature slot 13b and the armature slot 13d of the armature core 11. As described above, when the magnetic pole pieces 50 are all aligned with the teeth 51 so as to face or separate from each other, a large pulsating torque is generated.

  Next, the winding specifications of the armature winding 14 will be described.

  FIG. 5 is a conventional winding diagram showing the winding content of U = 2 (the number of armature slots 13: 12 slots, the number of commutator pieces 12a: 24 segments), and the covering of the carbon brush 16 is approximately 2. is there. FIG. 5 (a) → FIG. 5 (b) → FIG. 5 (c) shows a state where the commutator 12 is rotated by one segment. Referring to FIG. 5A, the armature winding 14a and the armature winding 14c are in a rectifying state, and the armature winding 14b and the armature winding 14d are in an end state of rectification end. Looking at No. 1, 6, 7, and 12 attached to the armature slot 13, the armature windings 14b and 14d in the final state of rectification include the armature windings 14a and 14c in the rectified state and are magnetic. Because of the strong coupling, the damper effect is large. 5B shows a state in which the commutator 12 is rotated by one segment, and No. 1 and 7 in the armature slot 13 have armature windings 14a and 14c that are in the final state of commutation termination. Since the armature windings 14e and 14f in a rectified state having a damper effect exist only on one side of the armature slots 13 No. 6 and 12, the magnetic coupling is weak, so the damper effect is small. Further, FIG. 5C shows the commutator 12 rotated by one segment. Since FIG. 5C and FIG. 5A are in the same state, the damper effect is large. Looking at the damper effect for each rotation, the state of the damper effect being large in FIG. 5A, the state of the damper effect being small in FIG. 5B, and the state of the damper effect being large in FIG. 5C are repeated.

  FIG. 4 is a winding diagram of the AC commutator motor of the present invention, showing the winding content of U = 2 (the number of armature slots 13: 11 slots, the number of commutator pieces 12a: 22 segments). FIG. 4 (a) → FIG. 4 (b) → FIG. 4 (c) shows the contents when the commutator 12 rotates by one segment. 4A, the armature windings 14g and 14i are in a rectified state, and the armature windings 14h and 14j are in a final state after completion of rectification. Looking at No. 1, 6, 7 and 11 of the armature slot 13, the No. 1 and 6 of the armature slot 13 have the armature winding 14h in the final state of commutation and the armature winding in the commutated state. Since the line 14g is also present, the coupling is weaker than the magnetic coupling in the state of FIG. 5A, but the damper effect is obtained. The armature winding 14j includes the rectified armature winding 14g on one side, but the damper effect is small because the armature winding 14h in the final state of rectification is included. FIG. 4B shows a state where the commutator 12 is rotated by one segment. The armature windings 14k and 14l are in the rectified state, and the armature windings 14g and 14i are in the final state after the rectification. Looking at No. 1, 5, 6 and 11 of the armature slot 13, the No. 6 and 11 of the armature slot 13 have the armature winding 14i in the final state of commutation, but 14l in the commutation state. There is also a damper effect. The armature winding 14k includes only one side of the rectified armature winding 14l. However, since the armature winding 14i in the final state of rectification is included, the damper effect is small. FIG. 4C is a diagram in which the commutator 12 is further rotated by one segment. FIG. 4C and FIG. 4A return to the same state.

  The relationship between the conventional and the damper effects of the present invention on the time axis is shown in four stages of large / medium / medium / small / small, and the conventional method is large / small / large / small / small. The range of change became larger in polar synchronization. In the present invention, the combination of (medium large, medium small) / (medium small, medium large)... Changes alternately to each pole, and an equalized change with a small change width can be obtained.

  In the above configuration, in the conventional winding arrangement, the number of windings of the damper effect (large and large) is so many, and the number of windings of (small and small) is reduced, so-called different number of windings. Therefore, the setting was aimed at equalizing the rectification conditions. A predetermined damper effect can be obtained under steady stable conditions in which the brush slides stably. However, if the commutator 12 becomes unstable due to a roundness deviation or vibration, the predetermined damper effect is difficult to obtain. Therefore, there is a possibility that the reverse effect is more effective when the ratio of the different number of turns is set larger.

  According to the configuration of the present invention, the number Ns of armature slots 13 is 11 (odd number), and the number Nb of commutator pieces 12 is 22 (U = 2), which is twice the number Ns of armature slots 13. Since the opposing positions of the magnetic pole pieces 50b and 50d and the teeth 51b and 51d of the armature core 11 become asymmetric, the fluctuation of the magnetic circuit permeance can be reduced, so that the axial torque pulsation can be reduced. Further, the number of turns pitch y can be set to 5 and the end node degree δ (δ = Ns / 2−y) can be set to a number of turns of δ = 0.5. Since the pulsation width of the damper effect can be equalized by equalizing the pulsation width of the strength of magnetic coupling with 11, the rectification suppressing effect can also be equalized. This makes it possible to bring the ratio of the number of armature windings 14 in the same armature slot 13 close to a ratio close to 1, and the difference in the number of turns even under unsteady deterioration conditions where the sliding of the brush becomes unstable. It is possible to prevent the possibility of producing an extreme adverse effect (as in the conventional case in which the odd number ratio is increased).

  As shown in FIG. 6, the vacuum cleaner 1001 includes a vacuum cleaner main body 1002, a hose portion 103, an operation tube 104 provided with a hand operation switch SW and the like, an extendable tube 105 provided in a telescopic manner, The second suction tool 106 and the first suction tool 107 are provided.

  The vacuum cleaner main body 1002 includes an electric blower 1 (see FIG. 7; the same applies hereinafter), and by operating the hand operation switch SW of the operation tube 104, the operation of the electric blower 1 is switched between strengths and the first suction. A power brush (not shown) provided on the tool 107 can be turned on and off.

  Inside the hose portion 103, the operation pipe 104, the extension pipe 105, and the second suction tool 106 from the vacuum cleaner main body 1002 to the first suction tool 107, a ventilation path (not shown) is provided. The dust sucked by the generated suction force is sucked into the cleaner main body 1002 through the second suction tool 106, the extension pipe 105, the operation pipe 104, and the hose portion 103, and the dust collector 111 (see FIG. ) Is collected.

  The outer shell of the cleaner body 1002 is covered with a lower case 201 and an upper case 202. The dust collector 111 is located on the front side of the cleaner body 1002 (the side on which the connection port 1002a is provided), and a handle 120 is integrally provided on the upper part of the upper case 202. In addition, a lid member 130 that can be opened and closed is provided in front of the handle 120 so that the upper portion of the dust collector 111 is closed by the lid member 130 so as to be opened and closed.

  As shown in FIG. 7, the vacuum cleaner main body 1002 includes a tubular connection port 1002a at the front end. A dust collector 111 that separates and collects the dust sucked from the connection port 1002a is provided on the front side of the cleaner body 1002, and a suction force that communicates with the dust collector 111 is provided on the rear side of the cleaner body 1002. An electric blower 1 is provided.

  A joint pipe (not shown) provided in the hose portion 103 is inserted and held in the connection port 1002a. A sealing member is provided inside the connection port 1002a, and the sealing member is configured to maintain airtightness between a joint pipe and an inlet pipe (not shown) provided on the dust collector 111 side. A caster 102c is provided on the lower surface of the front portion of the vacuum cleaner body 1002 (below the dust collector 111).

  The dust collector 111 includes a dust separator 111a and a dust container (dust container) 111b. The dust separation part 111a is a part that swirls the sucked air and separates the dust by a centrifugal separation action (cyclone method). The dust container 111b communicates with the dust separator 111a and includes therein a dust collection basket (not shown) that stores the dust separated by the dust separator 111a.

  The dust separation unit 111a and the dust storage unit 111b are arranged in the axial direction (front-rear inclination direction) of the dust collector 111, and are connected to each other in such a manner that their opposite axial ends are connected to each other so that air can flow. It is configured to be easily separable by a user operation. Among these, the dust separation part 111a is arrange | positioned in the front side of the cleaner body 1002, and the dust accommodating part 111b is arrange | positioned in the diagonally back side of the cleaner body 1002 rather than the dust separation part 111a. An opening (not shown) is provided at the front end of the dust separator 111a, and the opening is connected to the inlet pipe.

  The dust separation unit 111a includes an outer cylinder 111a1 and an inner cylinder 111a2 provided in the outer cylinder 111a1 and having a filter function. In the dust separator 111a, air flows from the outside of the inner cylinder 111a2 (inside of the outer cylinder 111a1) to the inside of the inner cylinder 111a2 through a through-hole (not shown). Garbage is separated between the outer cylinder 111a1 and the inner cylinder 111a2. In this case, although depending on the suction force, for example, dust having a weight of 1 yen or more is left in the outer cylinder 111a1 without being sucked up in the outer cylinder 111a1.

  The outer cylinder 111a1 and the inner cylinder 111a2 are provided so as to be easily separable by a user operation. As a result, when the garbage is thrown away, the outer cylinder 111a1 and the inner cylinder 111a2 are separated, whereby the dust accumulated in the outer cylinder 111a1 can be discharged, and the hair and lint caught in the through hole of the inner cylinder 111a2. Even if there is dust such as, it can be easily removed.

  Such a dust collector 111 is accommodated in the accommodation chamber opened at the front portion of the upper case 202 so as to be held by the side walls 243 from both the left and right sides.

  The side wall 243 is formed in an upwardly inclined shape from the front part to the center part of the upper case 202 so as to follow the dust collector 111, and the handle 120 is integrally fixed to the upper end part of the side wall 243.

  The AC commutator motor of the present invention can be applied to a vacuum cleaner.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Electric blower 2 Electric motor 3 Blower 4 Housing 5 Stator core 6 Field winding 7 Stator 8, 8a, 8b Bearing 9 End bracket 10 Shaft 11 Armature core 12 Commutator 12a Commutator piece 13, 13a, 13b, 13c , 13d Armature slots 14, 14a, 14b, 14c, 14d, 14e, 14f, 14g, 14h, 14i, 14j, 14k, 14l Armature winding 15 Rotor 16 Carbon brush 17 Brush holder 18 Nut 19 Centrifugal fan 20 Diffuser 21 Return guide 22 Fan casing 23 Winding spring 24 Lead wire 25 Air intake port 50, 50a, 50b, 50c, 50d Magnetic pole piece 51, 51a, 51b, 51c, 51d Teeth 53 Yoke part 54 Magnetic pole part

Claims (5)

  A stator core having a yoke portion and a magnetic pole portion, a stator including a field winding wound around the magnetic pole portion, and an armature winding in a slot formed in the armature core; In a two-pole AC commutator motor that transfers power to the armature winding via the commutator and a brush, the rotor including the commutator to which the armature winding is connected. Is an odd number, the number of commutator segments is twice the number of armature slots (U = 2), δ = Ns / P−y = 0.5 (δ: edge degree, Ns: number of armature slots, P: pole An AC commutator motor characterized by a logarithm, y: armature winding pitch).   A stator core having a yoke portion and a magnetic pole portion, a stator including a field winding wound around the magnetic pole portion, and an armature winding in a slot formed in the armature core; In a two-pole AC commutator motor that transfers power to the armature winding via the commutator and a brush, the rotor including the commutator to which the armature winding is connected. 11 (odd number), and the number of commutator segments is 22 (U = 2), which is twice the number of armature slots.   An electric blower comprising the commutator electric motor according to claim 1 and a blower. A vacuum cleaner body having an electric blower and a dust collector, a hose with one end connected to the vacuum cleaner body, a hand operating part with one end connected to the other end of the hose, and one end other than the hand operating part In a vacuum cleaner comprising: an extension pipe connected to the end; and a suction tool connected to the other end of the extension pipe;
The electric blower includes an AC commutator motor in front and a fan in front. The AC commutator motor includes a stator core having a yoke portion and a magnetic pole portion, and a field winding wound around the magnetic pole portion. A rotor including a stator including a wire, and a commutator to which an armature winding is formed in an egg-shaped slot formed in an armature core, and the armature winding is connected to the armature winding; In a two-pole AC commutator motor that transfers power via the commutator and a brush, the number of armature slots is an odd number, the number of commutator segments is twice the armature slot (U = 2), and δ = A vacuum cleaner characterized in that Ns / P−y = 0.5 (δ: edge degree, Ns: number of armature slots, P: number of pole pairs, y: armature winding pitch). A vacuum cleaner body having an electric blower and a dust collector, a hose with one end connected to the vacuum cleaner body, a hand operating part with one end connected to the other end of the hose, and one end other than the hand operating part In a vacuum cleaner comprising: an extension pipe connected to the end; and a suction tool connected to the other end of the extension pipe;
The electric blower includes an alternating current commutator motor and a blower. The alternating current commutator electric motor includes a stator core having a yoke part and a magnetic pole part, and a stationary coil including a field winding wound around the magnetic pole part. A rotor including an armature winding formed in a slot formed on the armature core, and a commutator to which the armature winding is connected; and the commutator on the armature winding. In a 2-pole AC commutator motor that transfers power via a brush, the number of armature slots is 11 (odd number), and the number of commutator segments is 22 (U = 2), twice the number of armature slots. An electric vacuum cleaner.