JP2013007343A - Bearing for water-wheel generator - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide bearings for a water-wheel generator which can expect weight reduction as well as nonswelling property, can facilitate handling in installing, replacement or the like, can easily replace a sliding member without requiring reworking or the like of metallic backing and, moreover, can rotate smoothly guide vanes.SOLUTION: The bearings 1 for the water-wheel generator 2 are configured so as to support rotatably rotation shafts 6a, 6b of a plurality of pieces of water-wheel guide vanes 5 arranged at a regular angle interval in the circumferential direction on a water path 4 defined by a water-wheel casing body 3a, a water-wheel upper cover 3b and a water-wheel lower cover 3c of a water-wheel casing 3 of the water-wheel generator 2, in R1 and R2 directions around core centers 8 in bearing holes 7a, 7b arranged on the water-wheel upper cover 3b and water-wheel lower cover 3c of the water-wheel casing 3.

Description

  The present invention relates to a turbine generator bearing for rotatably supporting a rotating shaft of a guide vane of a turbine generator and a connecting shaft that rotatably connects a rotation transmitting member that rotates the rotating shaft of the guide vane. About.

  For example, in a Francis type turbine generator, a water flow is introduced into an axial water channel provided with water turbine blades from an annular (spiral) spiral water channel formed around the water turbine, and the water turbine is generated by the axial water flow. While the blades are rotated to generate power, the waterway from the spiral waterway to the axial waterway is rotatably arranged with guide vanes that adjust the amount of water to the axial waterway in addition to the fixed vane, A plurality of rotation transmission members that rotate the rotation shaft are connected in series to the rotation shaft of the guide vane via a connection shaft. The rotation shaft and the connection shaft are supported rotatably via bearings, respectively. ing.

JP-A-7-293556 JP 2001-124070 A JP 2002-174227 A JP 2006-189014 A JP 2009-92135 A JP 2009-257590 A

  By the way, in a bearing of a rotating shaft of a guide vane that requires non-swelling property, in one conventional example, an integrally molded product obtained by machining a metal material is used. However, integral molding by such machining is used. Metal sliding bearings made of products are heavy and difficult to handle during installation, replacement, etc., and may require heavy machinery such as cranes. Other conventional metal housings In a metal sliding bearing comprising a (back metal) and a metallic sliding member fitted with a cooling swivel to the housing and having a sliding inner peripheral surface, the sliding member is removed from the housing for maintenance and replacement. When the housing is reused, it is difficult to pull out and scratches or deforms the inner peripheral surface of the housing when the metal sliding member is pulled out. There is a risk that reworking such as dimensional finishing of the housing may be required, and it may take a lot of time. On the other hand, in the connection shaft of the rotation transmission member that does not require much non-swellability, a metal slide bearing is used. When used, it is similar to the bearing of the rotating shaft of the guide vane, and its handling, installation, maintenance, replacement, etc. are difficult and may take a lot of time.

  The underwater bearings described in Patent Documents 1 to 6 receive a rotation in a certain direction with dynamic friction from the rotating shaft. However, the bearings of the rotating shaft of the guide vane and the connecting shaft of the rotation transmitting member are each provided with such an underwater bearing. Unlike bearings, the guide vanes are difficult to rotate smoothly if there is a significant divergence between the static friction coefficient and the dynamic friction coefficient as a result of alternating rotations involving static friction and dynamic friction from the rotating shaft or connecting shaft. It becomes.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned points. The object of the present invention is that it can be lightened in addition to non-swelling property and can be easily handled in installation, replacement, etc. It is an object of the present invention to provide a bearing for a water turbine generator that can easily replace a sliding member without requiring reworking, and that can smoothly rotate a guide vane.

  A bearing for a turbine generator according to the present invention for rotatably supporting a rotating shaft of a turbine guide vane disposed in a water channel defined by a turbine casing of the turbine generator in a bearing hole provided in the turbine casing. A rigid metal back metal that has a cylindrical inner peripheral surface and is fitted on the outer peripheral surface to the inner peripheral surface that defines the bearing hole of the water turbine casing, and the cylindrical inner peripheral surface of the metal back metal And a sliding layer mainly made of thermosetting resin having a cylindrical sliding inner peripheral surface for slidingly and rotatably receiving the rotating shaft of the water turbine guide vane.

  According to the bearing for a water turbine generator of the present invention, since the sliding layer made of a thermosetting resin is fitted to the cylindrical inner peripheral surface of the metal back metal, compared with the metal sliding bearing. Metals that can be easily handled in installation, replacement, etc. with the expectation of weight reduction, and the slipping layer made of thermosetting resin is fitted to each other with a cooling swivel from the inner peripheral surface of the metal back metal As a result of being able to be easily performed compared with that of a metal housing (back metal) and a metal sliding member, the possibility of reworking the metal back metal can be avoided and the sliding layer can be easily replaced, Moreover, the friction between the metal rotating shaft of the guide vane and the sliding layer made of the thermosetting resin can reduce the static friction coefficient and make the static friction coefficient and the dynamic friction coefficient equal to each other. Can be expected.

  In a preferable example of a bearing for a water turbine generator, a sliding layer in which a circular hole for receiving a rotating shaft of a water turbine guide vane is defined by a sliding inner peripheral surface extends in a circumferential direction of the sliding inner peripheral surface. In addition, at least one annular groove is formed in the sliding inner peripheral surface so as to open to the circular hole. The annular groove opens at one end to the groove, and the other end is externally provided on the outer surface of the water turbine casing. The outside is communicated with the outside through a passage opened to the outside.

  According to the turbine generator bearing having such an annular groove and passage, when mud containing fine sand is supplied to the water channel, the inner peripheral surface of the sliding layer and the outer peripheral surface of the rotating shaft As a result, it is possible to provide a sand removal function that can capture the fine sand that has entered during the period with an annular groove and discharge the supplemented fine sand to the outside through the passage. Generation of sliding traces on the outer peripheral surface of the rotating shaft can be avoided, and smooth rotation of the guide vanes over a long period can be ensured.

  The number of the annular grooves may be one, but a plurality of annular grooves may be formed in the sliding layer so as to be separated from each other in the axial direction. In this case, the plurality of annular grooves communicate with each other. The communication passage may be formed in at least one of the sliding layer and the metal back metal, and the mutual communication passage may be communicated with the outside through the passage.

  Each rotation transmission member is provided with a connecting shaft that rotatably couples a plurality of rotation transmission members that transmit rotation from the rotation source to the rotation shaft of the turbine guide vane of the water turbine generator to rotate the rotation shaft. The other bearing for the turbine generator of the present invention for rotatably supporting in the bearing hole has a cylindrical inner peripheral surface and an outer periphery on the inner peripheral surface defining the bearing hole of the rotation transmitting member. A rigid metal backing for fitting on the surface, and a cylindrical sliding inner circumference that is fitted to the cylindrical inner circumference of the metal backing and receives the connecting shaft in a freely sliding manner And a sliding layer mainly made of a thermosetting resin.

  According to another bearing for a water turbine generator of the present invention, since the sliding layer made of a thermosetting resin is fitted to the cylindrical inner peripheral surface of the metal back metal, similar to the above bearing, Compared to metal sliding bearings, it can be lighter and can be handled easily during installation, replacement, etc., and the slipping layer made of thermosetting resin can be cooled from the inner peripheral surface of the metal backing metal. Compared with the metal housing (back metal) and metal sliding members that are fitted with each other with a flange, it is easier to carry out and avoids the possibility of reworking the metal housing (back metal). The sliding layer can be easily exchanged, and the friction between the metallic connecting shaft of the rotation transmission member and the sliding layer made of the thermosetting resin can be reduced, and the static friction coefficient can be reduced. The dynamic friction coefficient can be made equal, and the rotation transmission member Expected smooth rotation of the guide vanes.

  The sliding layer of the present invention preferably contains a resol type phenolic resin as a thermosetting resin, and such a resol type phenolic resin has excellent frictional wear properties, high rigidity, and excellent mechanical strength. In addition, the amount of swelling is extremely small even in a wet atmosphere such as underwater, and it can exhibit favorable sliding characteristics under any of dry friction conditions, grease lubrication conditions, and water lubrication conditions, and the sliding layer has a polyester fiber woven fabric, etc. When the specific reinforcing fiber woven fabric is included, since it has excellent affinity with the reinforcing fiber woven fabric, it is possible to provide a sliding layer in which the reinforcing fiber woven fabric is firmly bonded and held.

  In a preferred example, the sliding inner peripheral surface of the sliding layer includes a sliding surface made of a thermosetting resin.

  The sliding layer preferably further contains a tetrafluoroethylene resin (hereinafter referred to as “PTFE”) dispersed in the thermosetting resin in addition to the thermosetting resin. The sliding inner peripheral surface can be made to have lower friction.

  In a preferred example, the inner peripheral surface of the sliding layer containing PTFE includes a sliding surface made of a thermosetting resin, and a sliding surface mixed with the sliding surface and made of PTFE.

  When the sliding surface made of thermosetting resin and the sliding surface made of PTFE are mixed on the inner peripheral surface of the sliding layer in this way, the sliding inner peripheral surface of the sliding layer becomes lower in friction, and preferable slipping property is achieved. (Slidability) can be obtained.

  The sliding layer may further preferably include a reinforcing fiber woven fabric. In this case, the thermosetting resin may be impregnated in the reinforcing fiber woven fabric and cover the reinforcing fiber woven fabric.

  According to the sliding layer including such a reinforcing fiber woven fabric, the shape maintaining property of the sliding layer can be improved, and creep deformation or the like of the sliding layer can be preferably prevented.

  The reinforcing fiber woven fabric is preferably a synthetic resin fiber, for example, a polyester resin fiber or a fluorine resin fiber, and the polyester resin fiber is particularly preferably a polyethylene terephthalate resin (hereinafter referred to as PET) fiber, but a polybutylene terephthalate resin fiber. Polytrimethylene terephthalate resin fiber, polyethylene naphthalate resin fiber or polybutylene naphthalate resin fiber may be used, and as the fluorine resin fiber, PTFE fiber is particularly preferable. For example, tetrafluoroethylene-perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether Copolymer resin fiber, tetrafluoroethylene-hexafluoropropylene copolymer resin fiber or ethylene-polytetrafluoroethylene copolymer resin fiber may be used, but the present invention is not limited to these examples. It can achieve a reinforcing function as a reinforcing base material in the sliding layer and has low friction, and there is no possibility of damaging the surfaces of the rotating shaft and the connecting shaft in relation to the surfaces of the rotating shaft and the connecting shaft. For example, it may be a fiber made of other resin fibers, such as polyacetal resin, polyethylene resin, polyphenylene sulfide resin, polyether ether ketone resin, and the like.

  One example of the sliding layer including the reinforcing fiber woven fabric is a laminated body in which a plurality of layers including the reinforcing fiber woven fabric and the thermosetting resin are laminated. In this case, each layer of the laminated body The thermosetting resin is preferably impregnated into the reinforcing fiber woven fabric and covers the reinforcing fiber woven fabric, and the sliding inner peripheral surface of the sliding layer in such an example is a sliding surface made of a thermosetting resin. It is good to include.

  In the sliding layer made of a laminate, each layer of the laminate may contain PTFE dispersed in the thermosetting resin in addition to the thermosetting resin. The peripheral surface may include a sliding surface made of a thermosetting resin and a sliding surface made of PTFE that is mixed with the sliding surface.

  The sliding layer containing the resol type phenolic resin, PTFE and the reinforcing fiber woven fabric has a resol type phenolic resin of 35% to 50% by mass, a PTFE of 10% to 30% by mass, and a reinforcing base material of 35% to 50% by mass. It is good to include.

  In the above bearings, the metal back metal is preferably made of a corrosion-resistant metal such as aluminum, stainless steel, or copper alloy, and the metal back metal is a cylinder having a cylindrical inner peripheral surface. May have a cylindrical portion having a cylindrical inner peripheral surface without a flange portion. These bearings with a flange part and bearings without a flange part may be appropriately selected so as to be adapted to the place of use.

  According to the present invention, weight reduction can be expected in addition to non-swelling property, and handling is easy in installation, replacement, etc., and the sliding layer can be easily replaced without requiring reworking of the metal back metal. In addition, it is possible to provide a bearing for a water turbine generator capable of smoothly rotating a guide vane.

FIG. 1 is an overall schematic cross-sectional explanatory diagram of an example of a water turbine generator. FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional explanatory view of the example shown in FIG. FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged plan explanatory view of the example shown in FIG. FIG. 4 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional explanatory view of the example shown in FIG. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional explanatory view taken along line VV shown in FIG. 6 of one of the bearings of the rotating shaft of the turbine guide vane of the example shown in FIG. FIG. 6 is an explanatory plan view of the bearing shown in FIG. FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional explanatory view of the other bearing of the rotating shaft of the water turbine guide vane of the example shown in FIG. 1. FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional explanatory view of an example of the bearing of the connecting shaft of the example shown in FIG. FIG. 9 is a perspective explanatory view of an example of the bearing of the connecting shaft shown in FIG. FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram of a method for manufacturing the sliding layer shown in FIGS. 5, 7, and 8. FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram of a method for manufacturing the sliding layer shown in FIGS. 5, 7, and 8. FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram of a method for manufacturing the sliding layer shown in FIGS. 5, 7, and 8. FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional explanatory view of another example of the bearing of the rotating shaft of the water turbine guide vane of the example shown in FIG. 1. 14 is a cross-sectional explanatory view taken along the line XIV-XIV in the example shown in FIG.

  Next, the present invention will be described in more detail based on an example of a preferred embodiment shown in the drawings. The present invention is not limited to these examples.

  In FIG. 1 to FIG. 9, the bearing 1 for the water turbine generator of this example is circularly connected to the water channel 4 defined by the water wheel casing body 3 a, the water wheel upper cover 3 b and the water wheel lower cover 3 c of the water wheel casing 3 of the water wheel generator 2. Rotating shafts 6a and 6b of a plurality of water turbine guide vanes 5 arranged at equiangular intervals in the circumferential direction are axially centered at bearing holes 7a and 7b provided in the water turbine upper cover 3b and water turbine lower cover 3c of the water turbine casing 3. 8 is supported so as to be rotatable in the R1 and R2 directions around the center.

  The turbine generator 2 of this example is a Francis type, which defines a water channel 4 and is rotatable to a turbine casing 3 having a turbine casing body 3a, a turbine upper cover 3b, and a turbine lower cover 3c, and a turbine upper cover 3b. The turbine 11 supported on the turbine, the generator 12 arranged outside the turbine casing 3, the rotating shaft 13 for transmitting the rotation of the turbine 11 to the generator 12, and the turbine casing 3 above the turbine casing 3 via the bearing 1, respectively. The plurality of turbine guide vanes 5 supported on the covers 3b and 3c in the directions R1 and R2 around the axis 8 and the turbine casing body of the turbine casing 3 corresponding to each turbine guide vane 5 The rotations in the R3 and R4 directions from the rotation source 15 are transmitted to the rotation shafts 6a of the plurality of stay vanes 14 fixed to the 3a and the respective turbine wheel guide vanes 5, and the respective rotations. It is mainly and a rotation transmission member 16, 17 and 18 provided corresponding to the respective hydraulic turbine guide vane 5 to rotate in the R1 and R2 directions 6a.

  The turbine casing 3 is connected to the periphery of the turbine upper cover 3b and the turbine lower cover 3c, which are connected to each other in the vertical direction by rivets, welding, bolts, and the like, and rivets, welds, bolts, etc. The water turbine casing main body 3a is provided.

  The water channel 4 is defined by an annular (spiral) spiral water channel 21 defined by the water turbine casing body 3a, an axial water channel 22 defined by the water wheel upper cover 3b and the water wheel lower cover 3c, and in which the water wheel 11 is disposed. A water turbine casing body 3a, a water wheel upper cover 3b, and a water wheel lower cover 3c, and an annular water channel 23 for guiding the water flow from the water channel 21 to the axial water channel 22 and rotating the water wheel 11 to rotate the shaft. The water flow introduced into the water channel 21 to operate the generator 12 via 13 is guided by the stay vane 14 in the annular water channel 23, the amount of water is adjusted by the water turbine guide vane 5, and the shaft is passed through the annular water channel 23. The water turbine 11 is introduced into the directional water channel 22 to rotate the water wheel 11 in the axial water channel 22, and then sent out from below the axial water channel 22. It has become the jar.

  The water turbine guide vane 5 is provided integrally with the guide vane main body 25 disposed in the annular water passage 23, the upper end and the lower end of the guide vane main body 25, and the water turbine upper cover 3 b of the water turbine casing 3 through the bearing 1. Rotating shafts 6a and 6b rotatably supported in the R1 and R2 directions are provided on the water turbine lower cover-3c, and the guide vane body 25 is brought to a predetermined angle in the annular water passage 23 by the rotation of the rotating shafts 6a and 6b. By setting the rotation, the opening degree of the annular water channel 23 is determined, and the amount of water introduced into the axial water channel 22 through the annular water channel 23 is determined.

  In the bearing 1, the bearing 1 a that is disposed in the bearing hole 7 a of the water turbine upper cover 3 b and rotatably supports the rotary shaft 6 a has a cylindrical inner peripheral surface 31 a and has a bearing hole 7 a of the water turbine upper cover 3 b. A rigid metal back metal 34a for fitting with the outer peripheral surface 33a to the inner peripheral surface 32a that defines the above and a cylindrical inner peripheral surface 31a of the metal back metal 34a with a cylindrical outer peripheral surface 35a. In addition, a sliding composed mainly of thermosetting resin having a cylindrical sliding inner peripheral surface 36a for receiving one of the rotating shafts 6a of the water turbine guide vane 5 so as to be slidably rotatable about the shaft center 8 in the R1 and R2 directions. And a layer 37a.

  A metal back metal 34a made of a corrosion-resistant metal such as aluminum, stainless steel, or copper alloy is formed integrally with a cylindrical portion 41a having a cylindrical outer peripheral surface 33a and an inner peripheral surface 31a, and the cylindrical portion 41a. And an annular flange 43a in which a pair of through-holes 42a are formed axially symmetrical, and annular seal ring grooves 44a and 45a formed in the outer peripheral surface 33a and the sliding inner peripheral surface 36a, respectively. .

  The cylindrical sliding layer 37a includes a reinforcing fiber woven fabric made of PET fiber or PTFE fiber, and a resol type phenolic resin as a thermosetting resin impregnated in the reinforcing fiber woven fabric and covering the reinforcing fiber woven fabric. And PTFE dispersed in such a resol type phenolic resin.

  The exposed sliding inner peripheral surface 36a of the cylindrical sliding layer 37a containing the resol type phenolic resin and the PTFE dispersed in the resole type phenolic resin has a sliding surface made of a thermosetting resin, and this sliding surface. When the sliding layer 37a does not include PTFE, the sliding inner peripheral surface 36a where the cylindrical sliding layer 37a is exposed is included. Is a surface including a sliding surface made of a thermosetting resin having no sliding surface made of tetrafluoroethylene resin.

  An elastic O-ring (not shown) is fitted in the annular seal ring groove 44a, and an elastic Y ring 46a is fitted in the seal ring groove 45a, while one end face 47a of the sliding layer 37a is fitted with the end face 47a. Further, an elastic Y ring 48a is fitted in contact with the inner peripheral surface 31a, and an annular step groove 49a formed in the cylindrical portion 41a and the annular flange portion 43a is formed from the inner peripheral surface 31a of the elastic Y ring 48a. A slip-out preventing ring 50a for preventing slip-out of the seal layer is fixed to the cylindrical portion 41a with a screw 51a. The other end surface 52a of the sliding layer 37a defines one surface of the seal ring groove 45a and is cylindrical. It contacts one projection 53a formed integrally with the inner peripheral surface 31a of the portion 41a, and defines the top surface 54a of the projection 53a and the other surface of the seal ring groove 45a. In cooperation with the protrusion 53a, the seal ring groove 45a is defined, and the top surface 56a of the other protrusion 55a formed integrally with the inner peripheral surface 31a of the cylindrical portion 41a is formed on the sliding inner peripheral surface 36a. The diameter is larger than the diameter.

  Such a bearing 1a is inserted into the bearing hole 7a of the water turbine upper cover 3b, is fitted to the inner peripheral surface 32a of the water turbine upper cover 3b at the outer peripheral surface 33a, and is inserted by a bolt (not shown) inserted into the through hole 42a. While being fixed to the water turbine upper cover 3b, the rotary shaft 6a inserted into the circular hole 61a defined by the sliding inner peripheral surface 36a is supported so as to be rotatable about the shaft center 8 in the R1 and R2 directions.

  In the bearing 1, the bearing 1b that is arranged in the bearing hole 7b of the water turbine lower cover 3c and rotatably supports the rotary shaft 6b has a cylindrical inner peripheral surface 31b and also has a cylindrical inner peripheral surface 31b. A rigid metal back metal 34b for fitting with the outer peripheral surface 33b to the inner peripheral surface 32b that defines the above and a cylindrical inner peripheral surface 31b of the metal back metal 34b with a cylindrical outer peripheral surface 35b. In addition, a sliding composed mainly of a thermosetting resin having a cylindrical sliding inner peripheral surface 36b for receiving the other rotating shaft 6b of the water turbine guide vane 5 so as to be slidable and rotatable in the directions R1 and R2 about the axis 8. And a layer 37b.

  Similarly to the metal back metal 34a, the metal back metal 34b made of a corrosion-resistant metal such as aluminum, stainless steel, copper alloy, etc. has a cylindrical portion 41b having a cylindrical outer peripheral surface 33b and an inner peripheral surface 31b; It has an annular seal ring groove 44b formed on the outer peripheral surface 33b, and is formed without a wrinkle.

  The cylindrical sliding layer 37b is formed in the same manner as the cylindrical sliding layer 37a. The reinforcing fiber woven fabric is impregnated with the reinforcing fiber woven fabric and covers the reinforcing fiber woven fabric. Resol-type phenolic resin as resin and PTFE dispersed in the resol-type phenolic resin, and the reinforcing fiber woven fabric is made of PET fiber or PTFE fiber. The resol-type phenolic resin and the resol-type phenolic resin The exposed sliding inner peripheral surface 36b of the cylindrical sliding layer 37b containing PTFE dispersed in a phenol resin is mixed with the sliding surface made of a thermosetting resin, and is tetrafluorinated. In the case where PTFE is not included in the sliding layer 37b as in the cylindrical sliding layer 37a, the dew of the cylindrical sliding layer 37b is included. Sliding inner peripheral surface 36b that is a face including a sliding surface made of a non-existent thermosetting resin sliding surface made of tetrafluoroethylene resin.

  An elastic O-ring (not shown) is fitted into the annular seal ring groove 44b, while a protrusion 53b and a sliding layer 37b formed integrally with one end of the inner peripheral surface 31b of the cylindrical portion 41b. An elastic Y ring 48b is fitted between the one end surface 47b in contact with the projecting portion 53b and the end surface 47b, and the other end portion of the inner peripheral surface 31b of the cylindrical portion 41b is annular. The thrust bearing piece 57b is inserted, and the top surface 54b of the protrusion 53b has a diameter larger than the diameter of the sliding inner peripheral surface 36b.

  Such a bearing 1b is inserted into the bearing hole 7b of the water turbine lower cover 3c, and is fitted and fixed to the inner peripheral surface 32b of the water turbine lower cover 3c at the outer peripheral surface 33b, while the sliding inner peripheral surface 36b is fixed. The rotating shaft 6b inserted into the prescribed circular hole 61b is supported so as to be rotatable in the R1 and R2 directions around the axis 8, and an annular thrust bearing piece 57b disposed in the bearing 1b The portion has a through hole 58b for drainage and contacts the end surface 59b of the rotating shaft 6b so as to receive a thrust load of the rotating shaft 6b, and between the end surface 59b of the rotating shaft 6b and the thrust bearing piece 57b. By interposing an appropriate shim between the thrust bearing piece 57b and the turbine lower cover 3c, the axial load of the rotating shaft 6b received by the thrust bearing piece 57b can be adjusted.

  Each water turbine guide vane 5 is supported by the above corresponding bearings 1a and 1b so as to be rotatable in the R1 and R2 directions around the axis 8.

  A rotation source 15 that rotates the rotation shaft 6a of each turbine guide vane 5 in the R1 and R2 directions via the corresponding two rotation transmission members 16 and 17 is connected to a piston rod 71 of a hydraulic cylinder (not shown) via a shaft 72. And a connecting member 73 that is swingably connected to the water turbine upper cover 3b of the water turbine casing 3 via a sliding guide mechanism 74 so as to be rotatable in the R3 and R4 directions around the rotary shaft 13 and the connecting member. 73 includes a shaft 75 and a cylindrical member 77 that is swingably connected via a bracket 76. The movement of the piston rod 71 of the hydraulic cylinder in the A direction causes the cylindrical member 77 to be centered on the rotation shaft 13. While rotating in the R3 direction, the movement of the piston rod 71 of the hydraulic cylinder in the B direction causes the cylindrical member 77 to rotate about the rotation shaft 13 in the R4 direction. You have me.

  The rotation transmission member 16 has a bearing hole 81 and is formed of an annular protrusion integrally formed on the inner peripheral surface 82 of the cylindrical member 77, and the rotation transmission member 17 is provided at each of the one end 83 and the other end 84. The rotation transmitting member 18 is composed of a plate-like arm member having bearing holes 89 and 90 at one end 87 and the other end 88, respectively. The upper part of the rotating shaft 6a is fitted into the bearing hole 90 of 18 and the upper part of the rotating shaft 6a is fixed to the other end portion 88. The rotating shaft 6a is R1 centered on the axis 8 of the rotation transmitting member 18. And a connecting shaft 94 in which one end portion 91 is supported by the rotation transmission member 16 in the bearing hole 81 through the bearing 92 so as to be rotatable in the R5 direction about the shaft center 93. The other end 95 is the axis The rotation transmitting member 17 is fitted in the hole 85 and fixed to the rotation transmitting member 17, and the rotation transmitting member 16 and the rotation transmitting member 17 are connected in series so as to be rotatable in the R5 direction. The connecting shaft 99 having one end portion 96 supported rotatably around the shaft center 98 via the bearing 97 in the R6 direction has the other end portion 100 fitted into the bearing hole 86 and fixed to the rotation transmitting member 17. The rotation transmission member 17 and the rotation transmission member 18 are connected in series so as to be rotatable in the R6 direction.

  Each turbine guide vane 5 is rotated in the R3 direction around the rotation axis 13 of the cylindrical member 77 by the movement of the piston rod 71 of the hydraulic cylinder in the A direction, so that the rotation transmitting member 17 rotates in the R5 direction and the rotation transmitting member 18. Is rotated in the R1 direction through rotation in the R1 direction of the rotary shaft 6a by rotation with the rotation in the R6 direction, and on the axis 8 of the cylindrical member 77 by movement in the B direction of the piston rod 71 of the hydraulic cylinder. The rotation in the R4 direction is rotated in the R2 direction through the rotation in the R2 direction of the rotating shaft 6a due to the rotation in the R5 direction of the rotation transmitting member 17 and the rotation in the R6 direction of the rotation transmitting member 18. Therefore, the opening degree of each guide vane body 25 with respect to the annular water passage 23 is set to a value determined by an appropriate amount of movement of the piston rod 71 of the hydraulic cylinder in the A direction or the B direction. It is large and small opening for the annular water passage 23 by the guide vane body 25, so that the power generation amount of hydraulic turbine generator 2 becomes constant, is determined by the flow rate or the like of a spiral waterways 21.

  Rotation transmitting members 16, 17 and 18 which transmit the rotation in the R3 direction and the R4 direction from the rotation source 15 to the rotation shaft 6a of the water turbine guide vane 5 of the water turbine generator 2 to rotate the rotation shaft 6a in the R1 and R2 directions. Turbine shaft power generation for supporting the connecting shafts 94 and 99, which are rotatably connected in series, in the bearing holes 81 and 89 provided in the rotation transmitting members 16 and 18, respectively, in the R5 direction and the R6 direction. Each of the machine bearings 92 and 97 has a cylindrical inner peripheral surface 111 and an inner peripheral surface 112 and 113 that respectively define the bearing holes 81 and 89 of the rotation transmitting members 16 and 18. Rigid metal back metal 115 for fitting on outer peripheral surface 114 and cylindrical inner peripheral surface 111 of metal back metal 115 are respectively fitted and connecting shafts 94 and 99 are connected to R5 and 6 has and a sliding layer 117 mainly composed of a thermosetting resin having a cylindrical sliding inner peripheral surface 116 for rotatably receiving sliding direction of each.

  Since the bearing 92 for the connecting shaft 94 and the bearing 97 for the connecting shaft 99 are formed in the same manner as each other, the bearing 92 will be described below. In the bearing 92, the aluminum is the same as the metal back metal 34a in the bearing 1a. A metal back plate 115 made of a corrosion-resistant metal such as stainless steel or copper alloy is integrally formed with a cylindrical portion 121 having a cylindrical outer peripheral surface 114 and an inner peripheral surface 111, and the cylindrical portion 121. And the sliding layer 117 is formed in the same manner as the sliding layer 37a in the bearing 1a. The reinforcing fiber woven fabric is impregnated with the reinforcing fiber woven fabric and is reinforced. A resol type phenolic resin as a thermosetting resin covering the fiber woven fabric and PTFE dispersed in the resol type phenolic resin are contained. The exposed inner peripheral surface 116 of the cylindrical sliding layer 117 made of T fiber or PTFE fiber and containing a resole type phenol resin and PTFE dispersed in the resole type phenol resin is made of a thermosetting resin. In the case where the sliding layer 117 does not include PTFE in the same manner as the sliding layer 37a in the bearing 1a. In other words, the exposed inner peripheral surface 116 of the cylindrical sliding layer 117 is a surface including a sliding surface made of a thermosetting resin without a sliding surface made of tetrafluoroethylene resin.

  In such a bearing 92, the cylindrical portion 121 is inserted into the bearing hole 81 of the rotation transmission member 16, and the outer peripheral surface 114 is fitted to the inner peripheral surface 112 of the rotation transmission member 16, and the annular flange 122 is formed. A connection that is disposed between one end 83 of the rotation transmitting member 17 and the rotation transmitting member 16 and is fixed to the rotation transmitting member 16, and is inserted into a circular hole 125 defined by the inner peripheral surface 116 of the sliding layer 117. The shaft 94 is supported so as to be rotatable in the R5 direction with the shaft center 93 as a center.

  Similarly, the cylindrical portion 121 of the bearing 97 is inserted into the bearing hole 89 of the rotation transmission member 18, and the outer peripheral surface 114 is fitted to the inner peripheral surface 113 of the rotation transmission member 18, and the annular flange 122 is formed. A circular hole 125 that is disposed between the other end portion 84 of the rotation transmitting member 17 and the rotation transmitting member 18 and is fixed to one end portion 87 of the rotation transmitting member 18, and is defined by the inner peripheral surface 116 of the sliding layer 117. The connecting shaft 99 inserted into the shaft is supported so as to be rotatable in the R6 direction around the shaft center 98.

  In any of the above bearings 1a, 1b, 92 and 97, the sliding layers 37a, 37b and 117 made of thermosetting resin are respectively cylindrical inner peripheral surfaces 31a, 31b and 111 of the metal back plates 34a, 34b and 115. Therefore, the sliding layers 37a and 37b made of a thermosetting resin can be easily handled in installation, replacement, etc. as compared with metal sliding bearings. And 117 are compared with the metal housing (back metal) fitted to each other with a cooling swivel and the metal sliding member, respectively, from the inner peripheral surfaces 31a, 31b and 111 of the metal back metal of 117 and 117. As a result, it is possible to easily replace the sliding layers 37a, 37b, and 117 by avoiding the possibility of reworking the metal back plates 34a, 34b, and 115, and the like. Moreover, in the bearings 1a and 1b, the coefficient of static friction can be reduced as a result of friction between the metal rotating shafts 6a and 6b of the guide vane 5 and the sliding layers 37a and 37b made of thermosetting resin. The static friction coefficient and the dynamic friction coefficient can be made equal, and smooth rotation of the guide vane 5 can be expected. On the other hand, in the bearings 92 and 97, smooth rotation of the guide vane 5 via the rotation transmitting members 16, 17 and 18 is expected. it can.

  When producing each of the sliding layers 37a, 37b, and 117, a reinforcing fiber woven fabric made of PET fiber or PTFE fiber was prepared, and then a diluted resol type phenolic resin varnish was prepared, and further this preparation was performed. A predetermined amount of low molecular weight PTFE powder is blended and dispersed in the resol type phenol resin varnish to prepare a mixed liquid of the resol type phenol resin varnish and the low molecular weight PTFE powder. The prepared resol type phenolic resin varnish is applied to the prepared reinforcing fiber woven fabric by dipping in the container containing the varnish or by roller coating, spray coating, brush coating, etc. Reinforced fiber woven fabric in which the reinforced woven fabric is passed between a pair of rollers, and the varnish coated on the reinforced fabric is fully filled in the gap between the reinforced fabric without any gaps, and then the varnish is applied. The cloth is placed in a drying oven, the varnish is dried, and after drying, the reinforcing fiber woven cloth and the reinforcing fiber woven cloth are impregnated by cutting into a square shape having a desired size by an appropriate means. The flat plate bearing material 15 shown in FIG. 10 is composed of a resol type phenol resin as a thermosetting resin covering the reinforcing fiber woven fabric and a low molecular weight PTFE dispersed in the resol type phenol resin. The bearing material 151 formed in this manner is heated at a temperature of 145 ° C., and is wound around a roller having a predetermined diameter while applying a pressure of 7 Mpa, and wound into a cylindrical shape to thereby form a single-layer sliding layer 37a. 37b and 117 can be obtained.

  When each of the sliding layers 37a, 37b and 117 made of a laminated body in which a plurality of layers containing a reinforcing fiber woven fabric and a thermosetting resin are laminated from such a flat bearing material 151, FIG. As shown in FIG. 11, a plurality of flat plate bearing materials 151 are prepared, and the plurality of flat plate bearing materials 151 are arranged so as to overlap each other. The laminated body 152 is molded by applying a pressure of 7 Mpa while being heated at a temperature of, for example, 145 ° C., the flat laminated body 152 is wound around a roller a plurality of times, and the laminated body wound around the roller is When the above pressure is applied by a pressure roller while heating at a temperature, each of the sliding layers 37a, 37b and 117 made of the laminate shown in FIG. 12 can be obtained.

  In each of the bearings 1a and 1b, the sliding layers 37a and 37b each having a flat cylindrical sliding inner peripheral surface 36a and 36b are used. For example, as in the bearing 1a shown in FIGS. Further, at least one of the sliding inner peripheral surfaces 36a extending in the circumferential direction and opening in the circular hole 61a in the sliding inner peripheral surface 36a, in this example, three annular grooves 161 are separated in the axial direction. The groove 161 may be communicated with the outside of the water turbine casing 3 through a passage 163 that opens at the outer surface 162 of the water turbine casing 3 at one end and opens at the groove 161 at one end. In this case, the passage 163 is formed so that the four grooves 164 and the four grooves 164 that are formed on the cylindrical outer peripheral surface 35a of the sliding layer 37a so as to be spaced apart from each other in the circumferential direction communicate with the groove 161. One end opens into the groove 161, the other end opens into the groove 164, and each of the grooves 161 has four through-holes 165 formed in the sliding layer 37 a, and one end into the four grooves 164. Opened at the other end are four through-holes 166 formed in the cylindrical portion 41a by opening at the outer peripheral surface 33a of the cylindrical portion 41a, and at one end opened to the through-hole 166, and at the other end the turbine of the turbine casing 3 It may consist of a through-hole 167 that is opened at the outer surface 162 of the upper cover 3 b and is formed in the water turbine upper cover 3 b of the water turbine casing 3.

  According to the turbine generator bearing 1a having the annular groove 161 and the passage 163, when the muddy water containing fine sand is supplied to the water passage 23, the sliding inner peripheral surface 36a of the sliding layer 37a. And a sand discharge function capable of discharging the trapped fine sand to the outside of the water turbine casing 3 through the passage 163 by supplementing the fine sand that has entered between the outer peripheral surface 171 of the rotary shaft 6a with an annular groove 161. As a result, it is possible to avoid the occurrence of sliding marks on the sliding inner peripheral surface 36a of the sliding layer 37a or the outer peripheral surface 171 of the rotating shaft 6a due to the fine sand, and to ensure smooth rotation of the guide vane 5 over a long period of time. .

  In maintenance of the turbine generator 2, etc., pressure clean water (fresh water) is injected into the gap between the sliding inner circumferential surface 36a and the outer circumferential surface 171 from the outside of the turbine casing 3 via the passage 163 to clean the gap. Such a passage 163 is preferable because it can be used for a cleaning function in addition to a sand removal function.

  The bearing 1b may be provided with a sand removal function similar to that described above. As shown in FIG. 13, the seal ring groove 45a, the elastic Y ring 46a, the elastic Y ring 48a, the step groove 49a, and the escape prevention ring 50a. While the protrusion 53a and the protrusion 55a are not provided, the bearing 1a may be formed by providing an annular seal ring groove 173 for mounting an elastic U-ring on one end surface 172 in the axial direction of the cylindrical portion 41a.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Bearing 2 Turbine generator 3 Turbine casing 3a Turbine casing main body 3b Turbine upper cover 3c Turbine lower cover 4 Water channel 5 Turbine guide vane 6a, 6b Rotating shaft 7a, 7b Bearing hole 8 Axes 31a, 31b Inner peripheral surfaces 32a, 32b Peripheral surfaces 33a, 33b, 35a, 35b Outer peripheral surfaces 34a, 34b Metal back plates 36a, 36b Sliding inner peripheral surfaces 37a, 37b Sliding layers

Claims (14)

  A turbine generator bearing for rotatably supporting a rotating shaft of a turbine guide vane disposed in a water channel defined by a turbine casing of the turbine generator in a bearing hole provided in the turbine casing. A rigid metal back plate for fitting the outer peripheral surface to the inner peripheral surface defining the bearing hole of the water turbine casing, and a cylindrical inner peripheral surface of the metal back plate A bearing for a turbine generator, which is fitted and has a sliding layer mainly made of thermosetting resin having a cylindrical sliding inner peripheral surface for slidingly receiving a rotating shaft of a turbine guide vane. .   The sliding layer in which a circular hole for receiving the rotation shaft of the water turbine guide vane is defined on the sliding inner peripheral surface extends in the circumferential direction of the sliding inner peripheral surface and is opened to the circular hole on the sliding inner peripheral surface. At least one annular groove is formed, and this annular groove is opened to the outside through a passage that opens to the groove at one end and opens to the outside at the outer surface of the water turbine casing at the other end. The bearing according to claim 1, wherein the bearing is in communication.   Each rotation transmission member is provided with a connecting shaft that rotatably couples a plurality of rotation transmission members that transmit rotation from the rotation source to the rotation shaft of the turbine guide vane of the water turbine generator to rotate the rotation shaft. This is a bearing for a turbine generator that is rotatably supported in the bearing hole, and has a cylindrical inner peripheral surface and is fitted on the inner peripheral surface defining the bearing hole of the rotation transmitting member on the outer peripheral surface. A rigid metal backing for wearing, and a cylindrical sliding inner circumferential surface that is fitted on the cylindrical inner circumferential surface of the metal backing and receives the connecting shaft so as to be slidably rotatable. A bearing for a water turbine generator comprising a sliding layer mainly made of a thermosetting resin.   The bearing according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the sliding layer includes a resol type phenol resin as a thermosetting resin.   The bearing according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the sliding inner peripheral surface of the sliding layer includes a sliding surface made of a thermosetting resin.   The bearing according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the sliding layer further includes a tetrafluoroethylene resin dispersed in a thermosetting resin.   The bearing according to claim 6, wherein the sliding inner peripheral surface of the sliding layer includes a sliding surface made of a thermosetting resin, and a sliding surface mixed with the sliding surface and made of a tetrafluoroethylene resin.   The sliding layer further includes a reinforcing fiber woven fabric, and the thermosetting resin is impregnated in the reinforcing fiber woven fabric and covers the reinforcing fiber woven fabric. The bearing described.   The sliding layer is composed of a laminate in which a plurality of layers containing a reinforcing fiber woven fabric and a thermosetting resin are laminated, and the thermosetting resin of each layer of the laminate is impregnated in the reinforcing fiber woven fabric. The bearing as described in any one of Claim 1 to 4 which has covered the reinforcing fiber woven fabric.   The bearing according to claim 9, wherein the sliding inner peripheral surface of the sliding layer includes a sliding surface made of a thermosetting resin.   The bearing according to claim 9, wherein each layer of the laminate includes a tetrafluoroethylene resin dispersed in a thermosetting resin.   The bearing according to claim 11, wherein the sliding inner peripheral surface of the sliding layer includes a sliding surface made of a thermosetting resin and a sliding surface made of tetrafluoroethylene resin while being mixed with the sliding surface.   The bearing according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the metal back metal is made of a corrosion-resistant metal such as aluminum, stainless steel, or copper alloy.   The metal back metal has a cylindrical part having a cylindrical inner peripheral surface and an annular flange part formed integrally with the cylindrical part. Bearings.

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